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Phylogenetic Comparative Methods For Discrete Respomsesin Evolutionary Biology
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Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Comparative Methods in R by : Liam J. Revell
Download or read book Phylogenetic Comparative Methods in R written by Liam J. Revell and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-06 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative introduction to the latest comparative methods in evolutionary biology Phylogenetic comparative methods are a suite of statistical approaches that enable biologists to analyze and better understand the evolutionary tree of life, and shed vital new light on patterns of divergence and common ancestry among all species on Earth. This textbook shows how to carry out phylogenetic comparative analyses in the R statistical computing environment. Liam Revell and Luke Harmon provide an incisive conceptual overview of each method along with worked examples using real data and challenge problems that encourage students to learn by doing. By working through this book, students will gain a solid foundation in these methods and develop the skills they need to interpret patterns in the tree of life. Covers every major method of modern phylogenetic comparative analysis in RExplains the basics of R and discusses topics such as trait evolution, diversification, trait-dependent diversification, biogeography, and visualizationFeatures a wealth of exercises and challenge problemsServes as an invaluable resource for students and researchers, with applications in ecology, evolution, anthropology, disease transmission, conservation biology, and a host of other areasWritten by two of today’s leading developers of phylogenetic comparative methods
Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Comparative Methods for Discrete Respomsesin Evolutionary Biology by : Sereina Graber
Download or read book Phylogenetic Comparative Methods for Discrete Respomsesin Evolutionary Biology written by Sereina Graber and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modern Phylogenetic Comparative Methods and Their Application in Evolutionary Biology by : László Zsolt Garamszegi
Download or read book Modern Phylogenetic Comparative Methods and Their Application in Evolutionary Biology written by László Zsolt Garamszegi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-29 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phylogenetic comparative approaches are powerful analytical tools for making evolutionary inferences from interspecific data and phylogenies. The phylogenetic toolkit available to evolutionary biologists is currently growing at an incredible speed, but most methodological papers are published in the specialized statistical literature and many are incomprehensible for the user community. This textbook provides an overview of several newly developed phylogenetic comparative methods that allow to investigate a broad array of questions on how phenotypic characters evolve along the branches of phylogeny and how such mechanisms shape complex animal communities and interspecific interactions. The individual chapters were written by the leading experts in the field and using a language that is accessible for practicing evolutionary biologists. The authors carefully explain the philosophy behind different methodologies and provide pointers – mostly using a dynamically developing online interface – on how these methods can be implemented in practice. These “conceptual” and “practical” materials are essential for expanding the qualification of both students and scientists, but also offer a valuable resource for educators. Another value of the book are the accompanying online resources (available at: http://www.mpcm-evolution.com), where the authors post and permanently update practical materials to help embed methods into practice.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Phylogenetics and Evolution with R by : Emmanuel Paradis
Download or read book Analysis of Phylogenetics and Evolution with R written by Emmanuel Paradis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-06 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing availability of molecular and genetic databases coupled with the growing power of computers gives biologists opportunities to address new issues, such as the patterns of molecular evolution, and re-assess old ones, such as the role of adaptation in species diversification. In the second edition, the book continues to integrate a wide variety of data analysis methods into a single and flexible interface: the R language. This open source language is available for a wide range of computer systems and has been adopted as a computational environment by many authors of statistical software. Adopting R as a main tool for phylogenetic analyses will ease the workflow in biologists' data analyses, ensure greater scientific repeatability, and enhance the exchange of ideas and methodological developments. The second edition is completed updated, covering the full gamut of R packages for this area that have been introduced to the market since its previous publication five years ago. There is also a new chapter on the simulation of evolutionary data. Graduate students and researchers in evolutionary biology can use this book as a reference for data analyses, whereas researchers in bioinformatics interested in evolutionary analyses will learn how to implement these methods in R. The book starts with a presentation of different R packages and gives a short introduction to R for phylogeneticists unfamiliar with this language. The basic phylogenetic topics are covered: manipulation of phylogenetic data, phylogeny estimation, tree drawing, phylogenetic comparative methods, and estimation of ancestral characters. The chapter on tree drawing uses R's powerful graphical environment. A section deals with the analysis of diversification with phylogenies, one of the author's favorite research topics. The last chapter is devoted to the development of phylogenetic methods with R and interfaces with other languages (C and C++). Some exercises conclude these chapters.
Book Synopsis Biological Evolution and Statistical Physics by : M. Lässig
Download or read book Biological Evolution and Statistical Physics written by M. Lässig and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This set of lecture notes gives a first coherent account of a novel aspect of the living world that can be called biological information. The book presents both a pedagogical and state-of-the art roadmap of this rapidly evolving area and covers the whole field, from information which is encoded in the molecular genetic code to the description of large-scale evolution of complex species networks. The book will prove useful for all those who work at the interface of biology, physics and information science.
Book Synopsis The Comparative Approach in Evolutionary Anthropology and Biology by : Charles L. Nunn
Download or read book The Comparative Approach in Evolutionary Anthropology and Biology written by Charles L. Nunn and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-11-30 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: And when new fossils are found, such as those of the tiny humans of Flores, scientists compare these remains to other fossils and contemporary humans.
Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Comparative Methods by : Luke J. Harmon
Download or read book Phylogenetic Comparative Methods written by Luke J. Harmon and published by . This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to statistical analyses of phylogenetic trees using comparative methods.
Download or read book Phylogeny written by Mike Steel and published by SIAM. This book was released on 2016-09-29 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phylogenetics is a topical and growing area of research. Phylogenies (phylogenetic trees and networks) allow biologists to study and graph evolutionary relationships between different species. These are also used to investigate other evolutionary processes?for example, how languages developed or how different strains of a virus (such as HIV or influenza) are related to each other. This self-contained book addresses the underlying mathematical theory behind the reconstruction and analysis of phylogenies. The theory is grounded in classical concepts from discrete mathematics and probability theory as well as techniques from other branches of mathematics (algebra, topology, differential equations). The biological relevance of the results is highlighted throughout. The author supplies proofs of key classical theorems and includes results not covered in existing books, emphasizes relevant mathematical results derived over the past 20 years, and provides numerous exercises, examples, and figures.
Download or read book Phylogenetics written by E. O. Wiley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-11 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-awaited revision of the industry standard on phylogenetics Since the publication of the first edition of this landmark volume more than twenty-five years ago, phylogenetic systematics has taken its place as the dominant paradigm of systematic biology. It has profoundly influenced the way scientists study evolution, and has seen many theoretical and technical advances as the field has continued to grow. It goes almost without saying that the next twenty-five years of phylogenetic research will prove as fascinating as the first, with many exciting developments yet to come. This new edition of Phylogenetics captures the very essence of this rapidly evolving discipline. Written for the practicing systematist and phylogeneticist, it addresses both the philosophical and technical issues of the field, as well as surveys general practices in taxonomy. Major sections of the book deal with the nature of species and higher taxa, homology and characters, trees and tree graphs, and biogeography—the purpose being to develop biologically relevant species, character, tree, and biogeographic concepts that can be applied fruitfully to phylogenetics. The book then turns its focus to phylogenetic trees, including an in-depth guide to tree-building algorithms. Additional coverage includes: Parsimony and parsimony analysis Parametric phylogenetics including maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches Phylogenetic classification Critiques of evolutionary taxonomy, phenetics, and transformed cladistics Specimen selection, field collecting, and curating Systematic publication and the rules of nomenclature Providing a thorough synthesis of the field, this important update to Phylogenetics is essential for students and researchers in the areas of evolutionary biology, molecular evolution, genetics and evolutionary genetics, paleontology, physical anthropology, and zoology.
Book Synopsis Phylogenetics and Ecology by : Paul Eggleton
Download or read book Phylogenetics and Ecology written by Paul Eggleton and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1994-11-10 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between systematics and ecology has recently been invigorated, and developed a long way from the "old" field of comparative biology. This change has been two-fold. Advances in phylogenetic research have allowed explicit phylogenetic hypotheses to be constructed for a range of different groups of organisms, and ecologists are now more aware that organism traits are influenced by the interaction of past and present. This volume discusses the impact of these modern phylogenetic methods on ecology, especially those using comparative methods. Although unification of these areas has proved difficult, a number of conclusions can be drawn from the text. These include the need for a "working" bridge between evolutionary biologists using logic-based cladistic methods and those using probability-based statistical methods, for care in the selection of tree types for comparative studies and for systematists to attempt to analyse ecologically important groups. Comparative ecologists and systematists need to come together to develop these ideas further, but this volume presents a very useful starting point for all those interested in systematics and ecology.
Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Patterns and the Evolutionary Process by : Niles Eldredge
Download or read book Phylogenetic Patterns and the Evolutionary Process written by Niles Eldredge and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Using Phylogenetic Comparative Methods to Understand Diversification and Geographic Range Evolution by : Kathryn Aurora Massana
Download or read book Using Phylogenetic Comparative Methods to Understand Diversification and Geographic Range Evolution written by Kathryn Aurora Massana and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two key processes that have been modeled in a phylogenetic comparative framework are diversification and historical biogeography. Many questions arise on what process have shaped the abundance (or lack) of species we see today and what influences their survival and interconnectedness with other species. Many methods have been developed to answer these questions. Over the past several decades there has been a rise in parametric modeling and development of more adequate frameworks to answer biological questions of interest. However, many models still lack the incorporation of ecological, mainly biotic factors, which influence the evolution and ecology of species, while accounting for phylogenetic relatedness. In my dissertation, I studied a diverse set of questions in the realm of diversification and biogeography. I began my investigation by improving upon the widely used Dispersal-Extinction and Cladogenesis model and showing my method DEC* is a more adequate model that usually has better model fit and parameter estimation (Chapter 1). I then moved on to learn how a complex trait such a parasitism could influence the diversification of parasitic angiosperms with a wide array of diversification models in phylogenetics (Chapter 2). My results indicated that all parasitic flowering plants are not undergoing an evolutionary dead end, as many have postulated. In my final chapter, I merged trait and biogeographic evolution by assembling a model that would test the influence of body size in passerine birds. Additionally, I tested the influence of several traits upon the diversification of passerine birds (Chapter 3). The results showed that the larger body sizes are not associated with greater dispersal rates in passerines. According to the results, smaller birds have a greater rate of dispersal. I also show support for both body size and region of occurrence in the world (temperate versus tropical) as having an influence on diversification. For the diversification analyses in Chapter 2 and 3, I find evidence of underlying biological trait and/process influencing the diversification of these groups.
Book Synopsis Tempo and Mode in Evolution by : George Gaylord Simpson
Download or read book Tempo and Mode in Evolution written by George Gaylord Simpson and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phylogenetic Comparative Methods: A User's Guide for Paleontologists by : Laura C. Soul
Download or read book Phylogenetic Comparative Methods: A User's Guide for Paleontologists written by Laura C. Soul and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-27 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in statistical approaches called phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) have provided paleontologists with a powerful set of analytical tools for investigating evolutionary tempo and mode in fossil lineages. However, attempts to integrate PCMs with fossil data often present workers with practical challenges or unfamiliar literature. This Element presents guides to the theory behind and the application of PCMs with fossil taxa. Based on an empirical dataset of Paleozoic crinoids, example analyses are presented to illustrate common applications of PCMs to fossil data, including investigating patterns of correlated trait evolution and macroevolutionary models of morphological change. The authors emphasize the importance of accounting for sources of uncertainty and discuss how to evaluate model fit and adequacy. Finally, the authors discuss several promising methods for modeling heterogeneous evolutionary dynamics with fossil phylogenies. Integrating phylogeny-based approaches with the fossil record provides a rigorous, quantitative perspective on understanding key patterns in the history of life.
Download or read book Phylogenetics written by Charles Semple and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2003 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Phylogenetics' is the reconstruction and analysis of phylogenetic (evolutionary) trees and networks based on inherited characteristics. It is a flourishing area of intereaction between mathematics, statistics, computer science and biology.The main role of phylogenetic techniques lies in evolutionary biology, where it is used to infer historical relationships between species. However, the methods are also relevant to a diverse range of fields including epidemiology, ecology, medicine, as well as linguistics and cognitive psychologyThis graduate-level book, based on the authors lectures at The University of Canterbury, New Zealand, focuses on the mathematical aspects of phylogenetics. It brings together the central results of the field (providing proofs of the main theorem), outlines their biological significance,and indicateshow algorithms may be derived. The presentation is self-contained and relies on discrete mathematics with some probability theory. A set of exercises and at least one specialist topic ends each chapter.This book is intended for biologists interested in the mathematical theory behind phylogenetic methods, and for mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists eager to learn about this emerging area of discrete mathematics.'Phylogenetics' in the 24th volume in the Oxford Lecture Series in Mathematics and its Applications. This series contains short books suitable for graduate students and researchers who want a well-written account of mathematics that is fundamental to current to research. The series emphasises futuredirections of research and focuses on genuine applications of mathematics to finance, engineering and the physical and biological sciences.
Book Synopsis Morphology, Shape and Phylogeny by : Norman MacLeod
Download or read book Morphology, Shape and Phylogeny written by Norman MacLeod and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-02-07 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Generally, biologists and mathematicians who study the shape and form of organisms have largely been working in isolation from those who work on evolutionary relationships through the analysis of common characteristics. Increasingly however, dialogue between the two communities is beginning to develop - but other than a handful of journal papers, t
Book Synopsis Experimental Evolution by : Theodore Garland
Download or read book Experimental Evolution written by Theodore Garland and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2009-12-03 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume summarizes studies in experimental evolution, outlining current techniques and applications, and presenting the field's range of research.
