Photoisomerization And Photopolymerization Induced Phase Transitions In Mixtures Of Photoresponsive Chromophores And Reactive Mesogens

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Photoisomerization- and Photopolymerization-induced Phase Transitions in Mixtures of Photoresponsive Chromophores and Reactive Mesogens

Author : Namil Kim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Photoisomerization- and Photopolymerization-induced Phase Transitions in Mixtures of Photoresponsive Chromophores and Reactive Mesogens by : Namil Kim

Download or read book Photoisomerization- and Photopolymerization-induced Phase Transitions in Mixtures of Photoresponsive Chromophores and Reactive Mesogens written by Namil Kim and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Phase diagram of various blend systems containing photochromophores and reactive mesogenic diacrylate monomers has been constructed both experimentally and theoretically. Differential scanning calorimetry was commonly utilized to determine phase transition temperature, and theoretical curve was obtained by solving self-consistently the combined free energy of Flory-Huggins, Maier-Saupe, and phase field theory. Depending on the system, it exhibited various single and coexistence phases including crystal, nematic, crystal + isotropic, nematic + isotropic, crystal + nematic, and crystal + crystal. Guided by the phase diagram, we further investigated (i) self-motion of azobenzene chromophore (AC) in triacrylate (TA) solutions, (ii) photoisomerization-induced phase transition of liquid crystalline azobenzene (LCAC) and spiropyran (SP) chromophore in its mixtures with reactive mesogenic diacrylate (RMDA), and (iii) photopolymerization-induced phase separation of RMDA/low molecular weight liquid crystal (LMWLC) blends. Self-motion of AC single crystal in TA solution was investigated in relation to the solid-liquid phase diagram. Upon thermal quenching from the isotropic melt to the crystal + liquid gap, the concentration gradient that formed as the result of TA expulsion induced convective flows and generated spatial variability of surface tension usually responsible for Marangoni effect. A stationary rhomboidal crystal was also shown to swim upon irradiation with UV light due to mechanical torque generated by trans-cis isomerization. The trans-cis photoisomerization of LCAC not only exerted a dramatic effect on the mesophase transitions, but also on the stratification on the crystal morphology. The phase diagram of photoisomerized mixtures displayed a significant depression of nematic ordering. Meanwhile, spiropyran-merocyanine molecular shape change induced the I-N phase transition, which was infusible. Upon photopolymerization of RMDA/LMWLC blends, the homogeneous mixtures underwent phase separation. As the crystalline and nematic ordering of monomeric unit was frozen. LMWLC was dispersed in the continuum of isotropic or anisotropic networks. Phase diagram exhibited the broad immiscible regions. The phase diagram of annealed hyperbranched polymer/LMWLC was an upper azeotrope, exhibiting the coexistence of nematic + isotropic phase above the clearing temperature of neat LMWLC. With decreasing temperature a focal-conic fan shaped texture developed in the composition range of 63~93 wt %, suggestive of induced smectic phase in the mixture."--Abstract.

Liquid Crystalline Polymers

Author : Lei Zhu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783030433499
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Crystalline Polymers by : Lei Zhu

Download or read book Liquid Crystalline Polymers written by Lei Zhu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of various self-assemblies in liquid crystalline polymers and their electrical, optical, mechanical, and flame retardant properties. Liquid crystalline polymers are unique self-assembled, functional soft materials with electrical, magnetic, and thermal responses which find potential applications in numerous areas. As well as providing an overview of their synthesis, self-assembly and dynamics the various applications are also discussed. Such applications as liquid crystalline elastomers, light responsive actuators, optical reflectors, gas barrier films, and even flame retardant polymers will be presented. The book is a useful resource for undergraduates, postgraduates and experienced researchers.

Liquid Crystal Elastomers

Author : Mark Warner
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199214860
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (148 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Crystal Elastomers by : Mark Warner

Download or read book Liquid Crystal Elastomers written by Mark Warner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-05 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is a primer for liquid crystals, polymers, rubber and elasticity. It is directed at physicists, chemists, material scientists, engineers and applied mathematicians at the graduate student level and beyond.

New Frontiers in Photochromism

Author : Masahiro Irie
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 4431542914
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis New Frontiers in Photochromism by : Masahiro Irie

Download or read book New Frontiers in Photochromism written by Masahiro Irie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-27 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photochromism is the reversible phototransformation of a chemical species between two forms having different absorption spectra. During the phototransformation not only the absorption spectra but also various physicochemical properties change, such as the refractive index, dielectric constant, oxidation/reduction potential, and geometrical structure. The property changes can be applied to photonic equipment such as erasable memory media, photo-optical switch components, and display devices. This book compiles the accomplishments of the research project titled “New Frontiers in Photochromism” supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. The project focused not only on the above-mentioned classical subjects in photochromism, such as color changes, optical memory, and optical switches, but also on fundamental physicochemical studies and unprecedented application fields that have not yet been explored in photochromism. The latter topics include light-driven mechanical motion, photocontrol of surface wettability, metal deposition on solid materials, photocontrol of chiral properties, ultrafast decoloration dyes, and femtosecond laser experiments, among others.

Soft Actuators

Author : Kinji Asaka
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811368503
Total Pages : 740 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Soft Actuators by : Kinji Asaka

Download or read book Soft Actuators written by Kinji Asaka and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the second edition of Soft Actuators, originally published in 2014, with 12 chapters added to the first edition. The subject of this new edition is current comprehensive research and development of soft actuators, covering interdisciplinary study of materials science, mechanics, electronics, robotics, and bioscience. The book includes contemporary research of actuators based on biomaterials for their potential in future artificial muscle technology. Readers will find detailed and useful information about materials, methods of synthesis, fabrication, and measurements to study soft actuators. Additionally, the topics of materials, modeling, and applications not only promote the further research and development of soft actuators, but bring benefits for utilization and industrialization. This volume makes generous use of color figures, diagrams, and photographs that provide easy-to-understand descriptions of the mechanisms, apparatus, and motions of soft actuators. Also, in this second edition the chapters on modeling, materials design, and device design have been given a wider scope and made easier to comprehend, which will be helpful in practical applications of soft actuators. Readers of this work can acquire the newest technology and information about basic science and practical applications of flexible, lightweight, and noiseless soft actuators, which differ from conventional mechanical engines and electric motors. This new edition of Soft Actuators will inspire readers with fresh ideas and encourage their research and development, thus opening up a new field of applications for the utilization and industrialization of soft actuators.

Smart Polymers and their Applications

Author : Maria Rosa Aguilar
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857097024
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Smart Polymers and their Applications by : Maria Rosa Aguilar

Download or read book Smart Polymers and their Applications written by Maria Rosa Aguilar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-02-19 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart polymers are polymers that respond to different stimuli or changes in the environment. Smart Polymers and their Applications reviews the types, synthesis, properties, and applications of smart polymers. Chapters in part one focus on types of polymers, including temperature-, pH-, photo-, and enzyme-responsive polymers. Shape memory polymers, smart polymer hydrogels, and self-healing polymer systems are also explored. Part two highlights applications of smart polymers, including smart instructive polymer substrates for tissue engineering; smart polymer nanocarriers for drug delivery; the use of smart polymers in medical devices for minimally invasive surgery, diagnosis, and other applications; and smart polymers for bioseparation and other biotechnology applications. Further chapters discuss the use of smart polymers for textile and packaging applications, and for optical data storage. Smart Polymers and their Applications is a technical resource for chemists, chemical engineers, mechanical engineers, and other professionals in the polymer industry; manufacturers in such sectors as medical, automotive, and aerospace engineering; and academic researchers in polymer science. - Reviews the different types of smart polymer, discussing their properties, structure, design, and characterization - Reviews applications of smart polymers in such areas as biomedical engineering, textiles, and food packaging

Smart Materials for Drug Delivery

Author : Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849736804
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Smart Materials for Drug Delivery by : Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo

Download or read book Smart Materials for Drug Delivery written by Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart materials, which can change properties when an external stimulus is applied, can be used for the targeted drug delivery of an active molecule to a specific site in the correct dosage. Different materials such as liposomes, polymeric systems, nanomaterials and hydrogels can respond to different stimuli such as pH, temperature and light and these are all attractive for controlled release applications. With so many papers available on smart and stimuli-responsive materials for drug delivery applications it's hard to know where to start reading about this exciting topic. This two volume set brings together the recent findings in the area and provides a critical analysis of the different materials available and how they can be applied to advanced drug delivery systems. With contributions from leading experts in the field, including a foreword from distinguished scientist Nicholas Peppas, The University of Texas at Austin, USA, the book will provide both an introduction to the key areas for graduate students and new researchers in the stimuli-responsive field as well as serving as a reference for those already working on fundamental materials research or drug delivery applications.

Ionic Liquid Crystals

Author : Giacomo Saielli
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039210866
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis Ionic Liquid Crystals by : Giacomo Saielli

Download or read book Ionic Liquid Crystals written by Giacomo Saielli and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-06-24 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book we have collected a series of state-of-the art papers written by specialists in the field of ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) to address key questions concerning the synthesis, properties, and applications of ILCs. New compounds exhibiting ionic liquid crystalline phases are presented, both of calamitic as well as discotic type. Their dynamic and structural properties have been investigated with a series of experimental techniques including differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical spectroscopy, X-ray scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance, impedance spectroscopy to mention but a few. Moreover, computer simulations using both fully atomistic and highly coarse-grained force fields have been presented, offering an invaluable microscopic view of the structure and dynamics of these fascinating materials.

Stimuli-Responsive Dewetting/Wetting Smart Surfaces and Interfaces

Author : Atsushi Hozumi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319926543
Total Pages : 467 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Stimuli-Responsive Dewetting/Wetting Smart Surfaces and Interfaces by : Atsushi Hozumi

Download or read book Stimuli-Responsive Dewetting/Wetting Smart Surfaces and Interfaces written by Atsushi Hozumi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-16 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superhydrophobic surfaces, artificially mimicking lotus leaves, have captured the attention of scientists and engineers over the past few decades. Recent trends have shifted from superhydrophobicity to superominipohobicity, or superamphiphobicity. In addition, dynamic rather than static surface wetting/dewetting properties, which can be triggered by various stimuli, including temperature, pH, magnetic/electric fields, solvents, light exposure etc, have been highly sought after for commercial applications. This book will focus on recent topics related to various stimuli-responsive wetting/dewetting surfaces, and give an overview of the knowledge and concepts of how to design and establish these smart artificial surfaces, which can be used for technical developments in a wide variety research fields.

Light-Associated Reactions of Synthetic Polymers

Author : A. Ravve
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387364145
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Light-Associated Reactions of Synthetic Polymers by : A. Ravve

Download or read book Light-Associated Reactions of Synthetic Polymers written by A. Ravve and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-15 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines theoretical explanations of the reactions of light and polymeric materials with development of light responsive polymeric materials for various practical applications. Photo associated reactions and light responsive materials have great potential to improve existing industrial processes, including capturing solar energy. This book presents a range of reactions and materials with some of the most exciting current and future applications.

Nanoscience with Liquid Crystals

Author : Quan Li
Publisher : Springer Science & Business
ISBN 13 : 3319048678
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanoscience with Liquid Crystals by : Quan Li

Download or read book Nanoscience with Liquid Crystals written by Quan Li and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the exciting topic of nanoscience with liquid crystals: from self-organized nanostructures to applications. The elegant self-organized liquid crystalline nanostructures, the synergetic characteristics of liquid crystals and nanoparticles, liquid crystalline nanomaterials, synthesis of nanomaterials using liquid crystals as templates, nanoconfinement and nanoparticles of liquid crystals are covered and discussed, and the prospect of fabricating functional materials is highlighted. Contributions, collecting the scattered literature of the field from leading and active players, are compiled to make the book a reference book. Readers will find the book useful and of benefit both as summaries for works in this field and as tutorials and explanations of concepts for those just entering the field. Additionally, the book helps to stimulate future developments.

Azo Polymers

Author : Xiaogong Wang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 366253424X
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Azo Polymers by : Xiaogong Wang

Download or read book Azo Polymers written by Xiaogong Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores functional polymers containing aromatic azo chromophores in side-chain, main-chain and other parts of their structures, known as azo polymers and which share common photoresponsive properties. It focuses on the molecular architecture of azo polymers, the synthetic methods and their most important functions, such as photoinduced birefringence and dichroism, surface-relief-grating (SRG) formation, and light-driven deformation of liquid crystal elastomers. It combines a general survey of the subject and in-depth discussions of each topic, including numerous illustrations, figures, and photographs. Offering a balance between an introduction to the core concepts and a snapshot of hot and emerging topics, it is of interest to graduate students and researchers working in this and related fields. Xiaogong Wang is a Professor at the Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, China.

Rhodopsin and G-protein Linked Receptors

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Rhodopsin and G-protein Linked Receptors by :

Download or read book Rhodopsin and G-protein Linked Receptors written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Photomechanical Materials, Composites, and Systems

Author : Timothy J. White
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119123283
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Photomechanical Materials, Composites, and Systems by : Timothy J. White

Download or read book Photomechanical Materials, Composites, and Systems written by Timothy J. White and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exhaustive review of the history, current state, and future opportunities for harnessing light to accomplish useful work in materials, this book describes the chemistry, physics, and mechanics of light-controlled systems. • Describes photomechanical materials and mechanisms, along with key applications • Exceptional collection of leading authors, internationally recognized for their work in this growing area • Covers the full scope of photomechanical materials: polymers, crystals, ceramics, and nanocomposites • Deals with an interdisciplinary coupling of mechanics, materials, chemistry, and physics • Emphasizes application opportunities in creating adaptive surface features, shape memory devices, and actuators; while assessing future prospects for utility in optics and photonics and soft robotics

Nitroxides

Author : Gertz I. Likhtenshtein
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030348229
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Nitroxides by : Gertz I. Likhtenshtein

Download or read book Nitroxides written by Gertz I. Likhtenshtein and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a pioneer in the development of spin labeling in biophysics, this expert book covers the fundamentals of nitroxide spin labeling through cutting-edge applications in chemistry, physics, materials science, molecular biology, and biomedicine. Nitroxides have earned their place as one of the most popular organic paramagnets due to their suitability as inhibitors of oxidative processes, as a means to polarize magnetic nuclei, and, in molecular biology, as probes and labels to understand molecular structures and dynamics AS DRAGS FOR CANCER AND OTHER DISEASES. Beginning with an overview of the basic methodology and nitroxides’ 145-year history, this book equips students with necessary background and techniques to undertake original research and industry work in this growing field.

Liquid Crystal Sensors

Author : Albert Schenning
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498729746
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Liquid Crystal Sensors by : Albert Schenning

Download or read book Liquid Crystal Sensors written by Albert Schenning and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid Crystal Sensors discusses novel applications of liquid crystals that lie beyond electrically driven optical switches and displays. The main focus is on recent progress in the area of sensors based on low molar mass and polymer liquid crystals. This area of research became "hot" in recent years since the possibilities for applications of liquid crystal sensors are growing in many areas, ranging from the detection of mechanical displacements to the detection of environmental pollutants and chemical agents. This book is well-suited for students, as well as scientists from different backgrounds. For students and researchers new to the field, it gives a thorough introduction. For experienced researchers it shows the latest breakthroughs and serves as an inspiration for solving problems or sparking new ideas. Key Features: Emphasizes how liquid crystals are extremely sensitive to external stimuli and therefore can be used for the construction of stimuli-responsive devices, such as sensors Includes the contributions of editors who are deeply involved in the field and author chapters on hot topics such as the sensitivity of liquid crystals to pollutants, UV light, and strain Provides an exclusive on LC sensors where having the data in one place will be very useful to the community Gives more information on sensors and broadens the scope by having a contributed volume rather than authored Combines recent data on advances in the area of liquid crystal sensors that includes many types of liquid crystal materials

Hydrogen Bonded Polymers

Author : Wolfgang Binder
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540685871
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Hydrogen Bonded Polymers by : Wolfgang Binder

Download or read book Hydrogen Bonded Polymers written by Wolfgang Binder and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-16 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Control of polymeric structure is among the most important endeavours of modern macromolecular science. In particular, tailoring the positioning and strength of intermolecular forces within macromolecules by synthetic methods and thus gaining structural control over the final polymeric materials has become feasible, resulting in the field of supramolecular polymer science. Besides other intermolecular forces, hydrogen bonds are unique intermolecular forces enabling the tuning of material properties via self-assembly processes over a wide range of interactions strength ranging from several kJmol to several tens of kJmol . Central for the formation of these structures are precursor molecules of small molecular weight (usually lower than 10 000), which can assemble in solid or solution to aggregates of defined geometry.