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Philosophical And Empirical Approaches To Psychology
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Book Synopsis Philosophical and Empirical Approaches to Psychology by : Giuseppe Lo Dico
Download or read book Philosophical and Empirical Approaches to Psychology written by Giuseppe Lo Dico and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-02-02 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical and Empirical Approaches to Psychology: Mentalism vs. Anti-Mentalism philosophically analyzes four different approaches to psychology: introspectionism, behaviourism, cognitive psychology, and cognitive neuroscience to explore the concept of “the mind,” which developed from the late nineteenth and early twentieth century up through present day psychology. The resulting ideas originating from these approaches are divided into two main groups in this book, mentalism (whose supporters assume that mind is not reducible to something else) and anti-mentalism (whose supporters assume that mind is indeed reducible to something else). This book argues that adopting one idea over another can have a profound influence in a psychologist’s research. Further, the author shows that some controversial psychological notions like “consciousness” pertain to a particular mentalistic approach. Many psychologists do not consider such notions scientific, but he argues that this depends upon their adherence to a certain anti-mentalistic approach or to a specific mentalistic perspective. The book examines these issues by assessing experimental psychology in relation to neurobiology and philosophy, offering an integration of philosophical and theoretical chapters along with empirical and experimental chapters. Theoretically, the arguments draw from philosophy of psychology and experimental psychology. Using empirical research, Philosophical and Empirical Approaches to Psychology examines the role of the various mentalistic and anti-mentalistic approaches to psychology by integrating epistemological analysis and empirical research.
Book Synopsis The Psychological Basis of Moral Judgments by : John J. Park
Download or read book The Psychological Basis of Moral Judgments written by John J. Park and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-19 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the psychological basis of moral judgments and asks what theories of concepts apply to moral concepts. By combining philosophical reasoning and empirical insights from the fields of moral psychology, cognitive science, evolutionary psychology, and neuroscience, it considers what mental states not only influence, but also constitute our moral concepts and judgments. On this basis, Park proposes a novel pluralistic theory of moral concepts which includes three different cognitive structures and emotions. Thus, our moral judgments are shown to be a hybrid that express both cognitive and conative states. In part through analysis of new empirical data on moral semantic intuitions, gathered via cross-cultural experimental research, Park reveals that the referents of individuals’ moral judgments and concepts vary across time, contexts, and groups. On this basis, he contends for moral relativism, where moral judgments cannot be universally true across time and location but only relative to groups. This powerfully argued text will be of interest to researchers, academics, and educators with an interest in cognitive science, moral theory, philosophy of psychology, and moral psychology more broadly. Those interested in ethics, applied social psychology, and moral development will also benefit from the volume.
Book Synopsis Philosophy of Mind and Phenomenology by : Daniel O. Dahlstrom
Download or read book Philosophy of Mind and Phenomenology written by Daniel O. Dahlstrom and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-08-11 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume identifies and develops how philosophy of mind and phenomenology interact in both conceptual and empirically-informed ways. The objective is to demonstrate that phenomenology, as the first-personal study of the contents and structures of our mentality, can provide us with insights into the understanding of the mind and can complement strictly analytical or empirically informed approaches to the study of the mind. Insofar as phenomenology, as the study or science of phenomena, allows the mind to appear, this collection shows how the mind can reappear through a constructive dialogue between different ways—phenomenological, analytical, and empirical—of understanding mentality.
Book Synopsis Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint by : Franz Brentano
Download or read book Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint written by Franz Brentano and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Franz Brentano's classic study Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint was the most important of Brentano's works to be published in his lifetime. A new introduction by Peter Simons places Brentano's work in the context of current philosophical thought. He is able to show how Brentano has emerged since the 1970s as a key figure in both contemporary European and Anglo-American traditions and crucial to any understanding the recent history of philosophy and psychology.
Book Synopsis Empirical Philosophy of Science by : Susann Wagenknecht
Download or read book Empirical Philosophy of Science written by Susann Wagenknecht and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-12 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines the emerging approach of using qualitative methods, such as interviews and field observations, in the philosophy of science. Qualitative methods are gaining popularity among philosophers of science as more and more scholars are resorting to empirical work in their study of scientific practices. At the same time, the results produced through empirical work are quite different from those gained through the kind of introspective conceptual analysis more typical of philosophy. This volume explores the benefits and challenges of an empirical philosophy of science and addresses questions such as: What do philosophers gain from empirical work? How can empirical research help to develop philosophical concepts? How do we integrate philosophical frameworks and empirical research? What constraints do we accept when choosing an empirical approach? What constraints does a pronounced theoretical focus impose on empirical work? Nine experts discuss their thoughts and empirical results in the chapters of this book with the aim of providing readers with an answer to these questions.
Book Synopsis Studies in Empirical Philosophy by : John Anderson
Download or read book Studies in Empirical Philosophy written by John Anderson and published by Sydney University Press. This book was released on 2005-01-03 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies in Empirical Philosophy was published in 1962 shortly after Anderson's death and had been prepared by him to include most of his published articles from the Australasian Journal of Philosophy and Psychology. It also includes a couple of articles written especially for the book. It remains the main published source of material on Anderson's systematic philosophy. John Passmore has kindly granted permission for his introduction to be included in this new release. John Anderson (1893-1962) was Challis Professor of Philosophy at the University of Sydney from 1927 until 1958. He is generally regarded as the most important philosopher to have worked in Australia. His students included not only academic philosophers but also important figures in politics, law and journalism. His impact upon Sydney's social and cultural life was enormous.
Book Synopsis A Final Accounting by : Edward Erwin
Download or read book A Final Accounting written by Edward Erwin and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1995-12-12 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than a century has passed since Sigmund Freud began his groundbreaking work in psychoanalysis yet there is no consensus about his legacy; instead there is persistent disagreement not only about Freud's reputation and place in history but about the proper standards to use in evaluating his theory and therapy. This book develops epistemological standards for Freudian psychology and provides a comprehensive evaluation of, and possibly final, verdict on Freud's theory and therapy. Unlike any other evaluation published to date, it contains a systematic discussion of both the Freudian experimental and non-experimental evidence and the proper standards for interpreting the evidence. Part I considers the view that Freud's theory should be judged by special evidential standards deemed appropriate for judging hypotheses of commonsense psychology. Edward Erwin argues against this view and for the employment of standards applicable to causal hypotheses of both the natural and social sciences. Erwin also addresses other issues about standards such as the need for experimental evidence, the use of placebo controls, the proper goals of psychotherapy, and the use of meta-analysis in analyzing outcome data. The standards developed in part I of the book are used in part II in evaluating the best available Freudian evidence. A Bradford Book
Book Synopsis The Theory and Practice of Experimental Philosophy by : Justin Sytsma
Download or read book The Theory and Practice of Experimental Philosophy written by Justin Sytsma and published by Broadview Press. This book was released on 2015-11-27 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, developments in experimental philosophy have led many thinkers to reconsider their central assumptions and methods. It is not enough to speculate and introspect from the armchair—philosophers must subject their claims to scientific scrutiny, looking at evidence and in some cases conducting new empirical research. The Theory and Practice of Experimental Philosophy is an introduction and guide to the systematic collection and analysis of empirical data in academic philosophy. This book serves two purposes: first, it examines the theory behind “x-phi,” including its underlying motivations and the objections that have been leveled against it. Second, the book offers a practical guide for those interested in doing experimental philosophy, detailing how to design, implement, and analyze empirical studies. Thus, the book explains the reasoning behind x-phi and provides tools to help readers become experimental philosophers.
Book Synopsis The Epistemology of Indicative Conditionals by : Igor Douven
Download or read book The Epistemology of Indicative Conditionals written by Igor Douven and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses central questions concerning conditionals by combining the methods of formal epistemology with those of cognitive psychology.
Book Synopsis Philosophy and the Empirical by : Peter A. French
Download or read book Philosophy and the Empirical written by Peter A. French and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2007-11-27 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays focuses on a current issue of central important in contemporary philosophy, the relationship between philosophy and empirical studies. Explores in detail a range of examples which demonstrate how the older paradigm – philosophy as conceptual analysis – is giving way to a more varied set of models of philosophical work Each of the featured papers is a previously unpublished contribution by a major scholar
Book Synopsis Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy Volume 4 by : Tania Lombrozo
Download or read book Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy Volume 4 written by Tania Lombrozo and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-30 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new field of experimental philosophy has emerged as the methods of psychological science have been brought to bear on traditional philosophical issues. Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy is the place to go to see outstanding new work in the field. It features papers by philosophers, papers by psychologists, and papers co-authored by people in both disciplines. The series heralds the emergence of a truly interdisciplinary field in which people from different disciplines are working together to address a shared set of questions. This fourth volume showcases the growing depth and breadth of the field. Epistemology and moral psychology have been important foci of past work in experimental philosophy, and the contributions in this volume attest to the ways in which empirical methods are being used to add nuance to previous claims, both theoretical and empirical. Alongside this progress on familiar topics, we see an expansion to new areas in mind and metaphysics, with studies exploring how people typically conceptualize different aspects of mind and different kinds of minds, including the extension of agentive modes of thinking well beyond the mental. The volume concludes where the field began: with explicit attention to philosophical methodology, and the ways in which empirical results can inform philosophical debates.
Book Synopsis Process Approaches to Consciousness in Psychology, Neuroscience, and Philosophy of Mind by : Michel Weber
Download or read book Process Approaches to Consciousness in Psychology, Neuroscience, and Philosophy of Mind written by Michel Weber and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2009-11-18 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opens a dialogue between process philosophy and contemporary consciousness studies.
Book Synopsis Experimental Philosophy by : Joshua Alexander
Download or read book Experimental Philosophy written by Joshua Alexander and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-11 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental philosophy uses experimental research methods from psychology and cognitive science in order to investigate both philosophical and metaphilosophical questions. It explores philosophical questions about the nature of the psychological world - the very structure or meaning of our concepts of things, and about the nature of the non-psychological world - the things themselves. It also explores metaphilosophical questions about the nature of philosophical inquiry and its proper methodology. This book provides a detailed and provocative introduction to this innovative field, focusing on the relationship between experimental philosophy and the aims and methods of more traditional analytic philosophy. Special attention is paid to carefully examining experimental philosophy's quite different philosophical programs, their individual strengths and weaknesses, and the different kinds of contributions that they can make to our philosophical understanding. Clear and accessible throughout, it situates experimental philosophy within both a contemporary and historical context, explains its aims and methods, examines and critically evaluates its most significant claims and arguments, and engages with its critics.
Book Synopsis The Good Life by : Michael A. Bishop
Download or read book The Good Life written by Michael A. Bishop and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and philosophy study well-being with different but complementary methods. Marry these methods and a new picture emerges: To have well-being is to be "stuck" in a positive cycle of emotions, attitudes, traits and success. This book unites the scientific and philosophical worldviews into a powerful new theory of well-being.
Book Synopsis Behavior and Its Causes by : T.L. Smith
Download or read book Behavior and Its Causes written by T.L. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data-processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimental, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. While most philosophers and psychologists tend to believe that the rise of cognitive psychology has occurred concomitant with the decline of operant psychology, Terry L. Smith contends that nothing could be further from the truth. He maintains that operant psychology has discovered (and continues to discover) reasonably well-confirmed causal principles of intentional behavior, which go beyond what cognitive psychology can provide, while cognitive psychology, in tum, has the potential to supply analyses (and explanations) that account for them. Smith thus advances a surprising but nonetheless illuminating perspective for appreciating the place of operant conditioning within the discipline of psychology in this rich and fascinating work. J. H. F.
Book Synopsis Procedural Justice and Relational Theory by : Denise Meyerson
Download or read book Procedural Justice and Relational Theory written by Denise Meyerson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book bridges a scholarly divide between empirical and normative theorizing about procedural justice in the context of relations of power between citizens and the state. Empirical research establishes that people’s understanding of procedural justice is shaped by relational factors. A central premise of this volume is that this research is significant but needs to be complemented by normative theorizing that draws on relational theories of ethics and justice to explain the moral significance of procedures and make normative sense of people’s concerns about relational factors. The chapters in Part 1 provide comprehensive reviews of empirical studies of procedural justice in policing, courts and prisons. Part 2 explores empirical and normative perspectives on procedural justice and legitimacy. Part 3 examines philosophical approaches to procedural justice. Part 4 considers the implications of a relational perspective for the design of procedures in a range of legal contexts. This collection will be of interest to a wide academic readership in philosophy, law, psychology and criminology.
Book Synopsis Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy Volume 3 by : Tania Lombrozo
Download or read book Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy Volume 3 written by Tania Lombrozo and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-10 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new field of experimental philosophy has emerged as the methods of psychological science have been brought to bear on traditional philosophical issues. Oxford Studies in Experimental Philosophy is the place to go to see outstanding new work in the field. It features papers by philosophers, papers by psychologists, and papers co-authored by people in both disciplines. The series heralds the emergence of a truly interdisciplinary field in which people from different disciplines are working together to address a shared set of questions. The papers in this third volume illustrate the ways in which the field continues to broaden, taking on new methodological approaches and interacting with substantive theories from an ever wider array of disciplines. Some recent research in experimental philosophy is going more deeply into well-established questions in the field, while other strands of research are exploring issues that scarcely appeared in the field even a few years ago. Thus, we see the introduction of new empirical and statistical methods (network analysis), new theoretical approaches (formal semantics), and the development of entirely new interdisciplinary connections (in the emerging field of "experimental jurisprudence").
