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Phase Transitions Of Simple Systems
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Book Synopsis Phase Transitions of Simple Systems by : Boris M. Smirnov
Download or read book Phase Transitions of Simple Systems written by Boris M. Smirnov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-24 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph develops a unified microscopic basis for phases and phase changes of bulk matter and small systems, based on classical physics. It describes the thermodynamics of ensembles of particles and explains phase transition in gaseous and liquid systems. The origins are derived from simple but physically relevant models of how transitions occur between rigid and fluid states, of how phase equilibria arise, and how they differ for small and large systems.
Book Synopsis Phase Transitions by : Moshe Gitterman
Download or read book Phase Transitions written by Moshe Gitterman and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2013-09-25 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive review of the theory of phase transitions and its modern applications, based on the five pillars of the modern theory of phase transitions: the Ising model, mean field, scaling, renormalization group and universality. This expanded second edition includes, along with a description of vortices and high temperature superconductivity, a discussion of phase transitions in chemical reactions and moving systems. The book covers the close connection between phase transitions and small world phenomena as well as scale-free systems such as the stock market and the Internet.
Book Synopsis Phase Transitions and Relaxation in Systems with Competing Energy Scales by : T. Riste
Download or read book Phase Transitions and Relaxation in Systems with Competing Energy Scales written by T. Riste and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems with competing energy scales are widespread and exhibit rich and subtle behaviour, although their systematic study is a relatively recent activity. This text presents lectures given at a NATO Advanced Study Institute reviewing the current knowledge and understanding of this fascinating subject, particularly with regard to phase transitions and dynamics, at an advanced tutorial level. Both general and specific aspects are considered, with competitions having several origins; differences in intrinsic interactions, interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic effects, such as geometry and disorder; irreversibility and non-equilibration. Among the specific physical application areas are supercooled liquids and glasses, high-temperature superconductors, flux or vortex pinning and motion, charge density waves, domain growth and coarsening, and electron solidification.
Book Synopsis Statistical Mechanics of Phase Transitions by : J. M. Yeomans
Download or read book Statistical Mechanics of Phase Transitions written by J. M. Yeomans and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1992-05-07 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an introduction to the physics which underlies phase transitions and to the theoretical techniques currently at our disposal for understanding them. It will be useful for advanced undergraduates, for post-graduate students undertaking research in related fields, and for established researchers in experimental physics, chemistry, and metallurgy as an exposition of current theoretical understanding. - ;Recent developments have led to a good understanding of universality; why phase transitions in systems as diverse as magnets, fluids, liquid crystals, and superconductors can be brought under the same theoretical umbrella and well described by simple models. This book describes the physics underlying universality and then lays out the theoretical approaches now available for studying phase transitions. Traditional techniques, mean-field theory, series expansions, and the transfer matrix, are described; the Monte Carlo method is covered, and two chapters are devoted to the renormalization group, which led to a break-through in the field. The book will be useful as a textbook for a course in `Phase Transitions', as an introduction for graduate students undertaking research in related fields, and as an overview for scientists in other disciplines who work with phase transitions but who are not aware of the current tools in the armoury of the theoretical physicist. - ;Introduction; Statistical mechanics and thermodynamics; Models; Mean-field theories; The transfer matrix; Series expansions; Monte Carlo simulations; The renormalization group; Implementations of the renormalization group. -
Download or read book Synergetics written by Hermann Haken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spontaneous formation of well organized structures out of germs or even out of chaos is one of the most fascinating phenomena and most challenging problems scientists are confronted with. Such phenomena are an experience of our daily life when we observe the growth of plants and animals. Thinking of much larger time scales, scientists are led into the problems of evolution, and, ultimately, of the origin of living matter. When we try to explain or understand in some sense these extremely complex biological phenomena it is a natural question, whether pro cesses of self-organization may be found in much simpler systems of the un animated world. In recent years it has become more and more evident that there exist numerous examples in physical and chemical systems where well organized spatial, temporal, or spatio-temporal structures arise out of chaotic states. Furthermore, as in living of these systems can be maintained only by a flux of organisms, the functioning energy (and matter) through them. In contrast to man-made machines, which are to exhibit special structures and functionings, these structures develop spon devised It came as a surprise to many scientists that taneously-they are self-organizing. numerous such systems show striking similarities in their behavior when passing from the disordered to the ordered state. This strongly indicates that the function of such systems obeys the same basic principles. In our book we wish to explain ing such basic principles and underlying conceptions and to present the mathematical tools to cope with them.
Book Synopsis Equilibrium Statistical Physics by : Marc Baus
Download or read book Equilibrium Statistical Physics written by Marc Baus and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-04 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a textbook which gradually introduces the student to the statistical mechanical study of the different phases of matter and to the phase transitions between them. Throughout, only simple models of both ordinary and soft matter are used but these are studied in full detail. The subject is developed in a pedagogical manner, starting from the basics, going from the simple ideal systems to the interacting systems, and ending with the more modern topics. The textbook provides the student with a complete overview, intentionally at an introductory level, of the theory of phase transitions. All equations and deductions are included.
Book Synopsis Equilibrium Statistical Physics by : M. Baus
Download or read book Equilibrium Statistical Physics written by M. Baus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-19 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a textbook which gradually introduces the student to the statistical mechanical study of the different phases of matter and to the phase transitions between them. Throughout, only simple models of both ordinary and soft matter are used but these are studied in full detail. The subject is developed in a pedagogical manner, starting from the basics, going from the simple ideal systems to the interacting systems, and ending with the more modern topics. The textbook provides the student with a complete overview, intentionally at an introductory level, of the theory of phase transitions. All equations and deductions are included.
Book Synopsis Thermodynamics of Finite Systems and the Kinetics of First-Order Phase Transitions by : Juern Schmelzer
Download or read book Thermodynamics of Finite Systems and the Kinetics of First-Order Phase Transitions written by Juern Schmelzer and published by Vieweg+Teubner Verlag. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This booklet is devoted to the thermodynamic and kinetic description of first-order phase transitions. In general, the matter of the world exists in different phases. Normally phase ctlanges take place in ther modynamic equilibrium, which will be considered here. Typically,the system is rapidly quenched from a one-phase thermal equilibrium state to a nonequilibrium situation. During the so-ca lIed equilibrium phase transformation process the quenched supersaturated system evolves from the nonequilibrium state to an equilibrium one which consists of two coexisting phases. In aseries of books on phase transitions and critical phenomena (DDMB, GREEN, lEBDWITZ, 1972 - 19B3) an immense amount of material to different aspects of ttlis topic is summarized. The other type of phase transitions takes place in systems far from equilibrium. Due to 'the nonequi1ibrium boundary conditions and the flu xes from the environment into the system the final state of this so called nonequilibrium phase transition is a stable nonequilibrium si tuation. Such interesting processes (e. g. pattern formation, multista bi1ity) do not appear only in physics but also in chemistry, meteorolo gy, biology and many areas of engineering. Concerning questions in this context we recommend the reader to the monographs by HAKEN (197B), and EBElING, FEISTEl (1982). An overview of the problems of recent interest in this field is given in the Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Irreversible Processes and Dissipative Structures, edited by EBElING and Ul8RICHT (1986).
Book Synopsis Quantum Phase Transitions by : Subir Sachdev
Download or read book Quantum Phase Transitions written by Subir Sachdev and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-07 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describing the physical properties of quantum materials near critical points with long-range many-body quantum entanglement, this book introduces readers to the basic theory of quantum phases, their phase transitions and their observable properties. This second edition begins with a new section suitable for an introductory course on quantum phase transitions, assuming no prior knowledge of quantum field theory. It also contains several new chapters to cover important recent advances, such as the Fermi gas near unitarity, Dirac fermions, Fermi liquids and their phase transitions, quantum magnetism, and solvable models obtained from string theory. After introducing the basic theory, it moves on to a detailed description of the canonical quantum-critical phase diagram at non-zero temperatures. Finally, a variety of more complex models are explored. This book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in condensed matter physics and particle and string theory.
Book Synopsis Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Aspects of Phase Transitions in Quantum Physics by : Ricardo Puebla
Download or read book Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Aspects of Phase Transitions in Quantum Physics written by Ricardo Puebla and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of continuous phase transitions are studied in various systems, with a special emphasis on understanding how well-established universal traits at equilibrium may be extended into the dynamic realm, going beyond the paradigmatic Kibble-Zurek mechanism of defect formation. This book reports on the existence of a quantum phase transition in a system comprising just a single spin and a bosonic mode (the quantum Rabi model). Though critical phenomena are inherent to many-body physics, the author demonstrates that this small and ostensibly simple system allows us to explore the rich phenomenology of phase transitions, both in- and out-of-equilibrium. Moreover, the universal traits of this quantum phase transition may be realized in a single trapped-ion experiment, thus avoiding the need to scale up the number of constituents. In this system, the phase transition takes place in a suitable limit of system parameters rather than in the conventional thermodynamic limit - a novel notion that the author and his collaborators have dubbed the finite-component system phase transition. As such, the results gathered in this book will open promising new avenues in our understanding and exploration of quantum critical phenomena.
Book Synopsis Phase Transition Dynamics by : Tian Ma
Download or read book Phase Transition Dynamics written by Tian Ma and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to a comprehensive and unified dynamic transition theory for dissipative systems and to applications of the theory to a range of problems in the nonlinear sciences. The main objectives of this book are to introduce a general principle of dynamic transitions for dissipative systems, to establish a systematic dynamic transition theory, and to explore the physical implications of applications of the theory to a range of problems in the nonlinear sciences. The basic philosophy of the theory is to search for a complete set of transition states, and the general principle states that dynamic transitions of all dissipative systems can be classified into three categories: continuous, catastrophic and random. The audience for this book includes advanced graduate students and researchers in mathematics and physics as well as in other related fields.
Book Synopsis Lectures On Phase Transitions And The Renormalization Group by : Nigel Goldenfeld
Download or read book Lectures On Phase Transitions And The Renormalization Group written by Nigel Goldenfeld and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-03-08 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the elementary aspects of the physics of phases transitions and the renormalization group, this popular book is widely used both for core graduate statistical mechanics courses as well as for more specialized courses. Emphasizing understanding and clarity rather than technical manipulation, these lectures de-mystify the subject and show precisely "how things work." Goldenfeld keeps in mind a reader who wants to understand why things are done, what the results are, and what in principle can go wrong. The book reaches both experimentalists and theorists, students and even active researchers, and assumes only a prior knowledge of statistical mechanics at the introductory graduate level.Advanced, never-before-printed topics on the applications of renormalization group far from equilibrium and to partial differential equations add to the uniqueness of this book.
Book Synopsis Microcanonical Thermodynamics by : Dieter H. E. Gross
Download or read book Microcanonical Thermodynamics written by Dieter H. E. Gross and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boltzmann''s formula S = In[ W (E) ] defines the microcanonical ensemble. The usual textbooks on statistical mechanics start with the microensemble but rather quickly switch to the canonical ensemble introduced by Gibbs. This has the main advantage of easier analytical calculations, but there is a price to pay OCo for example, phase transitions can only be defined in the thermodynamic limit of infinite system size. The question how phase transitions show up from systems with, say, 100 particles with an increasing number towards the bulk can only be answered when one finds a way to define and classify phase transitions in small systems. This is all possible within Boltzmann''s original definition of the microcanonical ensemble. Starting from Boltzmann''s formula, the book formulates the microcanonical thermodynamics entirely within the frame of mechanics. This way the thermodynamic limit is avoided and the formalism applies to small as well to other nonextensive systems like gravitational ones. Phase transitions of first order, continuous transitions, critical lines and multicritical points can be unambiguously defined by the curvature of the entropy S(E, N) . Special attention is given to the fragmentation of nuclei and atomic clusters as a peculiar phase transition of small systems controlled, among others, by angular momentum. The dependence of the liquid-gas transition of small atomic clusters under prescribed pressure is treated. Thus the analogue to the bulk transition can be studied. The book also describes the microcanonical statistics of the collapse of a self-gravitating system under large angular momentum. Contents: The Mechanical Basis of Thermodynamics; Micro-Canonical Thermodynamics of Phase Transitions Studied in the Potts Model; Liquid-Gas Transition and Surface Tension Under Constant Pressure; Statistical Fragmentation Under Repulsive Forces of Long Range; The Collapse Transition in Self-Gravitating Systems First Model-Studies; Appendices: On the Historical Development of Statistical Nuclear Multifragmentation Models; The Micro-Canonical Ensemble of Na-Clusters; Some General Technical Aspects of Micro-Canonical Monte Carlo Simulation on a Lattice. Readership: Advanced level graduate students, lecturers and researchers in statistical and condensed matter physics."
Book Synopsis Phase Transitions in Polymers: The Role of Metastable States by : Stephen Z.D. Cheng
Download or read book Phase Transitions in Polymers: The Role of Metastable States written by Stephen Z.D. Cheng and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-09-10 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classical metastable state possesses a local free energy minimum at infinite sizes, but not a global one. This concept is phase size independent. We have studied a number of experimental results and proposed a new concept that there exists a wide range of metastable states in polymers on different length scales where their metastability is critically determined by the phase size and dimensionality. Metastable states are also observed in phase transformations that are kinetically impeded on the pathway to thermodynamic equilibrium. This was illustrated in structural and morphological investigations of crystallization and mesophase transitions, liquid-liquid phase separation, vitrification and gel formation, as well as combinations of these transformation processes. The phase behaviours in polymers are thus dominated by interlinks of metastable states on different length scales. This concept successfully explains many experimental observations and provides a new way to connect different aspects of polymer physics. * Written by a leading scholar and industry expert * Presents new and cutting edge material encouraging innovation and future research * Connects hot topics and leading research in one concise volume
Book Synopsis Phase Transitions and Renormalization Group by : Jean Zinn-Justin
Download or read book Phase Transitions and Renormalization Group written by Jean Zinn-Justin and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2007-07-05 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No further information has been provided for this title.
Book Synopsis Phase Transitions by : Ricard V. Solé
Download or read book Phase Transitions written by Ricard V. Solé and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase transitions--changes between different states of organization in a complex system--have long helped to explain physics concepts, such as why water freezes into a solid or boils to become a gas. How might phase transitions shed light on important problems in biological and ecological complex systems? Exploring the origins and implications of sudden changes in nature and society, Phase Transitions examines different dynamical behaviors in a broad range of complex systems. Using a compelling set of examples, from gene networks and ant colonies to human language and the degradation of diverse ecosystems, the book illustrates the power of simple models to reveal how phase transitions occur. Introductory chapters provide the critical concepts and the simplest mathematical techniques required to study phase transitions. In a series of example-driven chapters, Ricard Solé shows how such concepts and techniques can be applied to the analysis and prediction of complex system behavior, including the origins of life, viral replication, epidemics, language evolution, and the emergence and breakdown of societies. Written at an undergraduate mathematical level, this book provides the essential theoretical tools and foundations required to develop basic models to explain collective phase transitions for a wide variety of ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Application of Integrable Systems to Phase Transitions by : C.B. Wang
Download or read book Application of Integrable Systems to Phase Transitions written by C.B. Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-20 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eigenvalue densities in various matrix models in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) are ultimately unified in this book by a unified model derived from the integrable systems. Many new density models and free energy functions are consequently solved and presented. The phase transition models including critical phenomena with fractional power-law for the discontinuities of the free energies in the matrix models are systematically classified by means of a clear and rigorous mathematical demonstration. The methods here will stimulate new research directions such as the important Seiberg-Witten differential in Seiberg-Witten theory for solving the mass gap problem in quantum Yang-Mills theory. The formulations and results will benefit researchers and students in the fields of phase transitions, integrable systems, matrix models and Seiberg-Witten theory.
