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Phase Locked Loop Design As A Frequency Multiplier
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Book Synopsis Phase Locked Loop Design as a Frequency Multiplier by : George Tom Varghese
Download or read book Phase Locked Loop Design as a Frequency Multiplier written by George Tom Varghese and published by . This book was released on 2012-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-performance digital systems use clocks to sequence operations and synchronize between functional units and between ICs. Clock frequencies and data rates have been increasing with each generation of processing technology and processor architecture. Phase locked-loops (PLLs) are widely used to generate well-timed on-chip clocks in high-performance digital systems. A PLL is a closed loop frequency system that locks the phase of an output signal to an input reference signal. PLL's are widely used in computer, radio, and telecommunications systems where it is necessary to stabilize a generated signal or to detect signals. The term "lock" refers to a constant or zero phase difference between two signals. The signal from the feedback path is compared to the input reference signal, until the two signals are locked. If the phase is unmatched, this is called the unlocked state, and the signal is sent to each component in the loop to correct the phase difference. These components consist of the Phase Frequency Detector (PFD), the charge pump (CP), the low pass filter (LPF), the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and divide by counter. The PFD detects any phase differences in and and then generates an error signal. According to that error signal the CP either increases or decreases the amount of charge to the LPF. This amount of charge either speeds up or slows down the VCO. The loop continues in this process until the phase difference between and is zero or constant--this is the locked mode. After the loop has attained a locked status, the loop still continues in the process but the output of each component is constant. The output signal has the same phase and/or frequency as .A divider can be used in the feedback path to synthesize a frequency different than that of the reference signal. The application I chose in designing the PLL was a frequency synthesizer. A frequency synthesizer generates a frequency that can have a different frequency from the original reference si.
Book Synopsis A 26 GHz Phase-locked Loop Frequency Multiplier in 0.18-um CMOS by : John Patten Carr
Download or read book A 26 GHz Phase-locked Loop Frequency Multiplier in 0.18-um CMOS written by John Patten Carr and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the analysis, design and characterization of an integrated high-frequency phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency multiplier. The frequency multiplier is novel in its use of a low multiplication factor of 4 and a fully differential topology for rejection of common mode interference signals. The PLL is composed of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) for the first divide-by-two stage, a static master-slave flip-flop (MSFF) divider for the second divide-by-two stage and a Gilbert cell mixer phase detector (PD). The circuit has been fabricated using a standard CMOS 0.18-um process based on its relatively low cost and ready availability. The PLL frequency multiplier generates an output signal at 26 GHz and is the highest operational frequency PLL in the technology node reported to date. Time domain phase plane analysis is used for prediction of PLL locking range based on initial conditions of phase and frequency offsets. Tracking range of the PLL is limited by the inherent narrow locking range of the ILFD, and is confirmed via experimental results. The performance benefits of the fully differential PLL are experimentally confirmed by the injection of differential- and common-mode interfering signals at the VCO control lines. A comparison of the common- and differential-mode modulation indices reveals that a common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of greater than 20 dB is possible for carrier offset frequencies of less than 1 MHz. Closed-loop frequency domain transfer functions are used for prediction of the PLL phase noise response, with the PLL being dominated by the reference and VCO phase noise contributions. Regions of dominant phase noise contributions are presented and correlated to the overall PLL phase noise performance. Experimental verifications display good agreement and confirm the usefulness of the techniques for PLL performance prediction. The PLL clock multiplier has an operational output frequency of 26.204 to 26.796 GHz and a maximum output frequency step of 16 MHz. Measured phase noise at 1 MHz offset from the carrier is -103.9 dBc/Hz. The PLL clock multiplier core circuit (VCO/ILFD/MSFF Divider/PD) consumes 186 mW of combined power from 2.8 and 4.3 V DC rails.
Book Synopsis Phase Locked Loops 6/e by : Roland E. Best
Download or read book Phase Locked Loops 6/e written by Roland E. Best and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2007-08-13 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Definitive Introduction to Phase-Locked Loops, Complete with Software for Designing Wireless Circuits! The Sixth Edition of Roland Best's classic Phase-Locked Loops has been updated to equip you with today's definitive introduction to PLL design, complete with powerful PLL design and simulation software written by the author. Filled with all the latest PLL advances, this celebrated sourcebook now includes new chapters on frequency synthesis...CAD for PLLs...mixed-signal PLLs...all-digital PLLs...and software PLLs_plus a new collection of sample communications applications. An essential tool for achieving cutting-edge PLL design, the Sixth Edition of Phase-Locked Loops features: A wealth of easy-to-use methods for designing phase-locked loops Over 200 detailed illustrations New to this edition: new chapters on frequency synthesis, including fractional-N PLL frequency synthesizers using sigma-delta modulators; CAD for PLLs, mixed-signal PLLs, all-digital PLLs, and software PLLs; new PLL communications applications, including an overview on digital modulation techniques Inside this Updated PLL Design Guide • Introduction to PLLs • Mixed-Signal PLL Components • Mixed-Signal PLL Analysis • PLL Performance in the Presence of Noise • Design Procedure for Mixed-Signal PLLs • Mixed-Signal PLL Applications • Higher Order Loops • CAD and Simulation of Mixed-Signal PLLs • All-Digital PLLs (ADPLLs) • CAD and Simulation of ADPLLs • The Software PLL (SPLL) • The PLL in Communications • State-of-the-Art Commercial PLL Integrated Circuits • Appendices: The Pull-In Process • The Laplace Transform • Digital Filter Basics • Measuring PLL Parameters
Book Synopsis Frequency Acquisition Techniques for Phase Locked Loops by : Daniel B. Talbot
Download or read book Frequency Acquisition Techniques for Phase Locked Loops written by Daniel B. Talbot and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-10-09 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to acquire the input frequency from an unlocked state A phase locked loop (PLL) by itself cannot become useful until it has acquired the applied signal's frequency. Often, a PLL will never reach frequency acquisition (capture) without explicit assistive circuits. Curiously, few books on PLLs treat the topic of frequency acquisition in any depth or detail. Frequency Acquisition Techniques for Phase Locked Loops offers a no-nonsense treatment that is equally useful for engineers, technicians, and managers. Since mathematical rigor for its own sake can degenerate into intellectual "rigor mortis," the author introduces readers to the basics and delivers useful information with clear language and minimal mathematics. With most of the approaches having been developed through years of experience, this completely practical guide explores methods for achieving the locked state in a variety of conditions as it examines: Performance limitations of phase/frequency detector–based phase locked loops The quadricorrelator method for both continuous and sampled modes Sawtooth ramp-and-sample phase detector and how its waveform contains frequency error information that can be extracted The benefits of a self-sweeping, self-extinguishing topology Sweep methods using quadrature mixer-based lock detection The use of digital implementations versus analog Frequency Acquisition Techniques for Phase Locked Loops is an important resource for RF/microwave engineers, in particular, circuit designers; practicing electronics engineers involved in frequency synthesis, phase locked loops, carrier or clock recovery loops, radio-frequency integrated circuit design, and aerospace electronics; and managers wanting to understand the technology of phase locked loops and frequency acquisition assistance techniques or jitter attenuating loops. Errata can be found by visiting the Book Support Site at: http://booksupport.wiley.com
Book Synopsis Low-noise Local Oscillator Design Techniques Using a DLL-based Frequency Multiplier for Wireless Applications by : George Chien
Download or read book Low-noise Local Oscillator Design Techniques Using a DLL-based Frequency Multiplier for Wireless Applications written by George Chien and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design of Phase-locked Loop Circuits with Experiments by : Howard M. Berlin
Download or read book Design of Phase-locked Loop Circuits with Experiments written by Howard M. Berlin and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1978 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phase-locked Loops by : Paul V. Brennan
Download or read book Phase-locked Loops written by Paul V. Brennan and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written from an engineering viewpoint, this book is a concise guide to the theory and design of phase-locked loop circuits. It includes novel techniques and analytical treatments as well as worked examples.
Book Synopsis Design of CMOS Phase-Locked Loops by : Behzad Razavi
Download or read book Design of CMOS Phase-Locked Loops written by Behzad Razavi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a modern, pedagogical approach, this textbook gives students and engineers a comprehensive and rigorous knowledge of CMOS phase-locked loop (PLL) design for a wide range of applications. It features intuitive presentation of theoretical concepts, built up gradually from their simplest form to more practical systems; broad coverage of key topics, including oscillators, phase noise, analog PLLs, digital PLLs, RF synthesizers, delay-locked loops, clock and data recovery circuits, and frequency dividers; tutorial chapters on high-performance oscillator design, covering fundamentals to advanced topologies; and extensive use of circuit simulations to teach design mentality, highlight design flaws, and connect theory with practice. Including over 200 thought-provoking examples highlighting best practices and common pitfalls, 250 end-of-chapter homework problems to test and enhance the readers' understanding, and solutions and lecture slides for instructors, this is the perfect text for senior undergraduate and graduate-level students and professional engineers who want an in-depth understanding of PLL design.
Book Synopsis Phase-locked Loops by : Roland E. Best
Download or read book Phase-locked Loops written by Roland E. Best and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1993 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unique book/disk set that makes PLL circuit design easier than ever. Table of Contents: PLL Fundamentals; Classification of PLL Types; The Linear PLL (LPLL); The Classical Digital PLL (DPLL); The All-Digital PLL (ADPLL); The Software PLL (SPLL); State Of The Art of Commercial PLL Integrated Circuits; Appendices; Index. Includes a 5 1/4" disk. 100 illustrations.
Book Synopsis Monolithic Phase-Locked Loops and Clock Recovery Circuits by : Behzad Razavi
Download or read book Monolithic Phase-Locked Loops and Clock Recovery Circuits written by Behzad Razavi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-04-18 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring an extensive 40 page tutorial introduction, this carefully compiled anthology of 65 of the most important papers on phase-locked loops and clock recovery circuits brings you comprehensive coverage of the field-all in one self-contained volume. You'll gain an understanding of the analysis, design, simulation, and implementation of phase-locked loops and clock recovery circuits in CMOS and bipolar technologies along with valuable insights into the issues and trade-offs associated with phase locked systems for high speed, low power, and low noise.
Book Synopsis Phase-Locked Loops by : Woogeun Rhee
Download or read book Phase-Locked Loops written by Woogeun Rhee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-12-19 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase-Locked Loops Discover the essential materials for phase-locked loop circuit design, from fundamentals to practical design aspects A phase-locked loop (PLL) is a type of circuit with a range of important applications in telecommunications and computing. It generates an output signal with a controlled relationship to an input signal, such as an oscillator which matches the phases of input and output signals. This is a critical function in coherent communication systems, with the result that the theory and design of these circuits are essential to electronic communications of all kinds. Phase-Locked Loops: System Perspectives and Circuit Design Aspects provides a concise, accessible introduction to PLL design. It introduces readers to the role of PLLs in modern communication systems, the fundamental techniques of phase-lock circuitry, and the possible applications of PLLs in a wide variety of electronic communications contexts. The first book of its kind to incorporate modern architectures and to balance theoretical fundamentals with detailed design insights, this promises to be a must-own text for students and industry professionals. The book also features: Coverage of PLL basics with insightful analysis and examples tailored for circuit designers Applications of PLLs for both wireless and wireline systems Practical circuit design aspects for modern frequency generation, frequency modulation, and clock recovery systems Phase-Locked Loops is essential for graduate students and advanced undergraduates in integrated circuit design, as well researchers and engineers in electrical and computing subjects.
Book Synopsis Pll Performance, Simulation and Design by : Dean Banerjee
Download or read book Pll Performance, Simulation and Design written by Dean Banerjee and published by Dog Ear Publishing. This book was released on 2006-08 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended for the reader who wishes to gain a solid understanding of Phase Locked Loop architectures and their applications. It provides a unique balance between both theoretical perspectives and practical design trade-offs. Engineers faced with real world design problems will find this book to be a valuable reference providing example implementations, the underlying equations that describe synthesizer behavior, and measured results that will improve confidence that the equations are a reliable predictor of system behavior. New material in the Fourth Edition includes partially integrated loop filter implementations, voltage controlled oscillators, and modulation using the PLL.
Download or read book Phase-Locked Loops written by Roland Best and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2003-07-11 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase Locked Loops (PLLs) are electronic circuits used for frequency control. Anything using radio waves, from simple radios and cell phones to sophisticated military communications gear uses PLLs.The communications industry’s big move into wireless in the past two years has made this mature topic red hot again. The fifth edition of this classic circuit reference comes complete with extremely valuable PLL design software written by Dr. Best. The software alone is worth many times the price of the book. The new edition also includes new chapters on frequency synthesis, CAD for PLLs, mixed-signal PLLs, and a completely new collection of sample communications applications.
Book Synopsis Phase-Locked Loops for Wireless Communications by : Donald R. Stephens
Download or read book Phase-Locked Loops for Wireless Communications written by Donald R. Stephens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phase-Locked Loops for Wireless Communications: Digitial, Analog and Optical Implementations, Second Edition presents a complete tutorial of phase-locked loops from analog implementations to digital and optical designs. The text establishes a thorough foundation of continuous-time analysis techniques and maintains a consistent notation as discrete-time and non-uniform sampling are presented. New to this edition is a complete treatment of charge pumps and the complementary sequential phase detector. Another important change is the increased use of MATLAB®, implemented to provide more familiar graphics and reader-derived phase-locked loop simulation. Frequency synthesizers and digital divider analysis/techniques have been added to this second edition. Perhaps most distinctive is the chapter on optical phase-locked loops that begins with sections discussing components such as lasers and photodetectors and finishing with homodyne and heterodyne loops. Starting with a historical overview, presenting analog, digital, and optical PLLs, discussing phase noise analysis, and including circuits/algorithms for data synchronization, this volume contains new techniques being used in this field. Highlights of the Second Edition: Development of phase-locked loops from analog to digital and optical, with consistent notation throughout; Expanded coverage of the loop filters used to design second and third order PLLs; Design examples on delay-locked loops used to synchronize circuits on CPUs and ASICS; New material on digital dividers that dominate a frequency synthesizer's noise floor. Techniques to analytically estimate the phase noise of a divider; Presentation of optical phase-locked loops with primers on the optical components and fundamentals of optical mixing; Section on automatic frequency control to provide frequency-locking of the lasers instead of phase-locking; Presentation of charge pumps, counters, and delay-locked loops. The Second Edition includes the essential topics needed by wireless, optics, and the traditional phase-locked loop specialists to design circuits and software algorithms. All of the material has been updated throughout the book.
Book Synopsis Design and Implementation of Delay Locked Loop Frequency Multiplier by : 溫國智
Download or read book Design and Implementation of Delay Locked Loop Frequency Multiplier written by 溫國智 and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phase-Locked Loops by : Alain Blanchard
Download or read book Phase-Locked Loops written by Alain Blanchard and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1976-03-03 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For design, test and control engineers, technical management and students.
Book Synopsis Design of CMOS Phase-Locked Loops by : Behzad Razavi
Download or read book Design of CMOS Phase-Locked Loops written by Behzad Razavi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This modern, pedagogic textbook from leading author Behzad Razavi provides a comprehensive and rigorous introduction to CMOS PLL design, featuring intuitive presentation of theoretical concepts, extensive circuit simulations, over 200 worked examples, and 250 end-of-chapter problems. The perfect text for senior undergraduate and graduate students.
