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Personality And Predation In A Changing World
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Book Synopsis Personality and Predation in a Changing World by : Chelsea A. Blake
Download or read book Personality and Predation in a Changing World written by Chelsea A. Blake and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction between predators and prey is one of the driving forces that shape not only animal behavior, but also the evolution and ecology of organisms. However, predator-prey interactions are now taking place in an unprecedented and rapidly changing world, as humans introduce new species and alter habitat conditions. Thus examining the anthropogenic introduction of novel predators is key to the contemporary study of behavioral ecology. Further, not all individual animals behave the same way within the same species or population, thus it is important to also assess behavior at the level of the individual. Individual behavioral types, or "personalities" of animals can have far-reaching implications for their ecology. Here I have explored predator-prey interactions in the context of changing environments from the perspective of individual-level variation to provide novel insights into species interactions. I have found that the personality of prey can affect how they fare with predators, but that the effect depends on which predator species they face. Additionally, I have shown that although behavioral type is important in predator interactions, it does not affect whether prey are able to recognize a novel predator. I have also explored how physical antipredator characteristics of individuals might relate to their behavioral type. I have found that although physical traits are not necessarily inherently correlated with behavioral traits, altering the physical condition of an individual can affect their behavioral traits. Ultimately, my work contributes to the understanding of how prey personality could interact with introduced predators to either aid or hinder the survival of native species.
Book Synopsis Behavioural Responses to a Changing World by : Ulrika Candolin
Download or read book Behavioural Responses to a Changing World written by Ulrika Candolin and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-06-14 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human-induced environmental change currently represents the single greatest threat to global biodiversity. Species are typically adapted to the local environmental conditions in which they have evolved. Changes in environmental conditions initially influence behaviour, which in turn affects species interactions, population dynamics, evolutionary processes and, ultimately, biodiversity. How animals respond to changed conditions, and how this influences population viability, is an area of growing research interest. Yet, despite the vital links between environmental change, behaviour, and population dynamics, surprisingly little has been done to bridge these areas of research. Behavioural Responses to a Changing World is the first book of its kind devoted to understanding behavioural responses to environmental change. The volume is comprehensive in scope, discussing impacts on both the mechanisms underlying behavioural processes, as well as the longer-term ecological and evolutionary consequences. Drawing on international experts from across the globe, the book covers topics as diverse as endocrine disruption, learning, reproduction, migration, species interactions, and evolutionary rescue.
Book Synopsis Biological Invasions and Animal Behaviour by : Judith S. Weis
Download or read book Biological Invasions and Animal Behaviour written by Judith S. Weis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-13 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive look at the critical role of animal behaviour in the success and impact of biological invasions.
Download or read book Trophic Cascades written by John Terborgh and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trophic cascades—the top-down regulation of ecosystems by predators—are an essential aspect of ecosystem function and well-being. Trophic cascades are often drastically disrupted by human interventions—for example, when wolves and cougars are removed, allowing deer and beaver to become destructive—yet have only recently begun to be considered in the development of conservation and management strategies. Trophic Cascades is the first comprehensive presentation of the science on this subject. It brings together some of the world’s leading scientists and researchers to explain the importance of large animals in regulating ecosystems, and to relate that scientific knowledge to practical conservation. Chapters examine trophic cascades across the world’s major biomes, including intertidal habitats, coastal oceans, lakes, nearshore ecosystems, open oceans, tropical forests, boreal and temperate ecosystems, low arctic scrubland, savannas, and islands. Additional chapters consider aboveground/belowground linkages, predation and ecosystem processes, consumer control by megafauna and fire, and alternative states in ecosystems. An introductory chapter offers a concise overview of trophic cascades, while concluding chapters consider theoretical perspectives and comparative issues. Trophic Cascades provides a scientific basis and justification for the idea that large predators and top-down forcing must be considered in conservation strategies, alongside factors such as habitat preservation and invasive species. It is a groundbreaking work for scientists and managers involved with biodiversity conservation and protection.
Book Synopsis The Development of Animal Personality by : Ann V. Hedrick
Download or read book The Development of Animal Personality written by Ann V. Hedrick and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the topic of animal personality has recently generated much interest, the role of development is little understood. This collection of papers deals with the development of animal personality. Topics include the roles of genetic effects, maternal effects, social partners, predation and parasitism risk, and environmental complexity in the development of personality, the effects of personality on survival, and the development of collective personality and movement as a driver of personality development. The organisms covered include insects, spiders, fishes, and birds. This volume illustrates the diversity of approaches that have shed light on the development of animal personality in the past several years.
Book Synopsis Animal Personalities by : Claudio Carere
Download or read book Animal Personalities written by Claudio Carere and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ask anyone who has owned a pet and they’ll assure you that, yes, animals have personalities. And science is beginning to agree. Researchers have demonstrated that both domesticated and nondomesticated animals—from invertebrates to monkeys and apes—behave in consistently different ways, meeting the criteria for what many define as personality. But why the differences, and how are personalities shaped by genes and environment? How did they evolve? The essays in Animal Personalities reveal that there is much to learn from our furred and feathered friends. The study of animal personality is one of the fastest-growing areas of research in behavioral and evolutionary biology. Here Claudio Carere and Dario Maestripieri, along with a host of scholars from fields as diverse as ecology, genetics, endocrinology, neuroscience, and psychology, provide a comprehensive overview of the current research on animal personality. Grouped into thematic sections, chapters approach the topic with empirical and theoretical material and show that to fully understand why personality exists, we must consider the evolutionary processes that give rise to personality, the ecological correlates of personality differences, and the physiological mechanisms underlying personality variation.
Book Synopsis The Predator State by : James Galbraith
Download or read book The Predator State written by James Galbraith and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2008-08-05 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A progressive economist challenges popular conservative-minded economic practices, in a scathing critique of Reagan-Bush policies that contends that the political right is misrepresenting the consequences of free-market and free-trade ideals. 50,000 first printing.
Book Synopsis Personality Theories by : Albert Ellis
Download or read book Personality Theories written by Albert Ellis and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Personality Theories' by Albert Ellis - the founding father of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy - provides a comprehensive review of all major theories of personality including theories of personality pathology. Importantly, it critically reviews each of these theories in light of the competing theories as well as recent research.
Book Synopsis Behavioral Approaches to Conservation in the Wild by : Janine R. Clemmons
Download or read book Behavioral Approaches to Conservation in the Wild written by Janine R. Clemmons and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-01-28 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigates the role animal behavior has to play in the conservation of animals in the wild.
Book Synopsis Rewilding the World by : Caroline Fraser
Download or read book Rewilding the World written by Caroline Fraser and published by Metropolitan Books. This book was released on 2014-04-29 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A gripping account of the environmental crusade to save the world's most endangered species and landscapes—the last best hope for preserving our natural home Scientists worldwide are warning of the looming extinction of thousands of species, from tigers and polar bears to rare flowers, birds, and insects. If the destruction continues, a third of all plants and animals could disappear by 2050—and with them earth's life-support ecosystems that provide our food, water, medicine, and natural defenses against climate change. Now Caroline Fraser offers the first definitive account of a visionary campaign to confront this crisis: rewilding. Breathtaking in scope and ambition, rewilding aims to save species by restoring habitats, reviving migration corridors, and brokering peace between people and predators. Traveling with wildlife biologists and conservationists, Fraser reports on the vast projects that are turning Europe's former Iron Curtain into a greenbelt, creating trans-frontier Peace Parks to renew elephant routes throughout Africa, and linking protected areas from the Yukon to Mexico and beyond. An inspiring story of scientific discovery and grassroots action, Rewilding the World offers hope for a richer, wilder future.
Download or read book Man the Hunted written by Donna Hart and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Man the Hunted argues that primates, including the earliest members of the human family, have evolved as the prey of any number of predators, including wild cats and dogs, hyenas, snakes, crocodiles, and even birds. The authors' studies of predators on monkeys and apes are supplemented here with the observations of naturalists in the field and revealing interpretations of the fossil record. Eyewitness accounts of the 'man the hunted' drama being played out even now give vivid evidence of its prehistoric significance. This provocative view of human evolution suggests that countless adaptations that have allowed our species to survive (from larger brains to speech), stem from a considerably more vulnerable position on the food chain than we might like to imagine. The myth of early humans as fearless hunters dominating the earth obscures our origins as just one of many species that had to be cautious, depend on other group members, communicate danger, and come to terms with being merely one cog in the complex cycle of life.
Book Synopsis Escaping From Predators by : William E. Cooper, Jr
Download or read book Escaping From Predators written by William E. Cooper, Jr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-28 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a predator attacks, prey are faced with a series of 'if', 'when' and 'how' escape decisions – these critical questions are the foci of this book. Cooper and Blumstein bring together a balance of theory and empirical research to summarise over fifty years of scattered research and benchmark current thinking in the rapidly expanding literature on the behavioural ecology of escaping. The book consolidates current and new behaviour models with taxonomically divided empirical chapters that demonstrate the application of escape theory to different groups. The chapters integrate behaviour with physiology, genetics and evolution to lead the reader through the complex decisions faced by prey during a predator attack, examining how these decisions interact with life history and individual variation. The chapter on best practice field methodology and the ideas for future research presented throughout, ensure this volume is practical as well as informative.
Book Synopsis Shallow Lakes in a Changing World by : Ramesh D. Gulati
Download or read book Shallow Lakes in a Changing World written by Ramesh D. Gulati and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-03 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises the proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Shallow Lakes, held at Dalfsen, The Netherlands, in June 2005. The theme of the symposium was Shallow Lakes in a Changing World, and it dealt with water-quality issues, such as changes in lake limnology, especially those driven by eutrophication and pollution, increased nutrient loading and productivity, perennial blooms of cyanobacteria and loss of biodiversity.
Download or read book Rat Island written by William Stolzenburg and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronicles the highly controversial practice of rescuing endangered island species by killing their predators, explaining how rats and other animals introduced to the Bering Sea midway by shipwrecks have decimated native bird populations.
Download or read book Social Predation written by Guy Beauchamp and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-12-07 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classic literature on predation dealt almost exclusively with solitary predators and their prey. Going back to Lotka-Volterra and optimal foraging theory, the theory about predation, including predator-prey population dynamics, was developed for solitary species. Various consequences of sociality for predators have been considered only recently. Similarly, while it was long recognized that prey species can benefit from living in groups, research on the adaptive value of sociality for prey species mostly emerged in the 1970s. The main theme of this book is the various ways that predators and prey may benefit from living in groups. The first part focusses on predators and explores how group membership influences predation success rate, from searching to subduing prey. The second part focusses on how prey in groups can detect and escape predators. The final section explores group size and composition and how individuals respond over evolutionary times to the challenges posed by chasing or being chased by animals in groups. This book will help the reader understand current issues in social predation theory and provide a synthesis of the literature across a broad range of animal taxa. - Includes the whole taxonomical range rather than limiting it to a select few - Features in-depth analysis that allows a better understanding of many subtleties surrounding the issues related to social predation - Presents both models and empirical results while covering the extensive predator and prey literature - Contains extensive illustrations and separate boxes that cover more technical features, i.e., to present models and review results
Book Synopsis Changing Global Perspectives on Horseshoe Crab Biology, Conservation and Management by : Ruth H. Carmichael
Download or read book Changing Global Perspectives on Horseshoe Crab Biology, Conservation and Management written by Ruth H. Carmichael and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports significant progress of scientific research on horseshoe crabs, including aspects of evolution, genetics, ecology, population dynamics, general biology and physiology, within the recent 10 years. It also highlights the emerging issues related to world-wide conservation threats, status and needs. The contributions in this book represent part of an ongoing global effort to increase data and concept sharing to support basic research and advance conservation for horseshoe crabs.
Book Synopsis High Mountain Conservation in a Changing World by : Jordi Catalan
Download or read book High Mountain Conservation in a Changing World written by Jordi Catalan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides case studies and general views of the main processes involved in the ecosystem shifts occurring in the high mountains and analyses the implications for nature conservation. Case studies from the Pyrenees are preponderant, with a comprehensive set of mountain ranges surrounded by highly populated lowland areas also being considered. The introductory and closing chapters will summarise the main challenges that nature conservation may face in mountain areas under the environmental shifting conditions. Further chapters put forward approaches from environmental geography, functional ecology, biogeography, and paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Organisms from microbes to large carnivores, and ecosystems from lakes to forest will be considered. This interdisciplinary book will appeal to researchers in mountain ecosystems, students and nature professionals. This book is open access under a CC BY license.
