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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)
Download or read book Performance Assessment of a Cold-climate Air Source Heat Pump written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Gregory Shoukas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)
Download or read book Performance Assessment of High Efficiency Variable Speed Air-source Heat Pump in Cold Climate Applications written by Gregory Shoukas and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dennis Johansson
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 303000662X
Total Pages : 1095 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Cold Climate HVAC 2018 written by Dennis Johansson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 1095 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the proceedings of the 9th Cold Climate HVAC conference, which was held in Kiruna, Sweden in 2018. The conference highlighted key technologies and processes that allow scientists, designers, engineers, manufacturers and other decision makers in cold climate regions to achieve good indoor environmental quality (IEQ) with a minimum use of energy and other resources. The conference addressed various technical, economic and social aspects of buildings and HVAC systems in new and renovated buildings. This proceedings volume gathers peer-reviewed papers by a diverse and international range of authors and showcases perspectives and practices in cold climate building design from around the globe. The following major aspects, which include both fundamental and theoretical research as well as applications and case studies, are covered: (1) Energy and power efficiency and low-energy buildings; (2) Renovating buildings; (3) Efficient HVAC components; (4) Heat pumps and geothermal systems; (5) Municipal and city energy systems; (6) Construction management; (7) Buildings in operation; (8) Building simulation; (9) Reference data; (10) Transdisciplinary connections and social aspects; (11) Indoor environments and health; (12) Moisture safety and water damage; (13) Codes, regulations, standards and policies; and (14) Other aspects of buildings in cold climates.
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Field Validation of Air-Source Heat Pumps for Cold Climates written by and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heating energy is the largest end-use for U.S. residential buildings accounting for approximately one-third of residential building energy consumption (EIA 2021). Historically, air-source heat pumps have been limited to temperate climates because of subpar performance at extremely cold outdoor air temperatures. However, recent advances to cold-climate air-source heat pump technology, which typically rely on inverter-driven, variable-speed compressors and variable-speed fans, have significantly improved low-temperature heat pump performance enabling the technology to save energy for many homes in cold climates. The primary objective of this project was to measure in-field performance of centrally ducted, variable-capacity air-source heat pumps in cold climates to validate performance and develop field-based performance maps. The project focused on quantifying heat pump performance at cold temperatures. The sites identified for the study were primarily located in the Northwest United States since homes in the region tend to have all-electric space heating systems and high-efficiency heat pumps have been incentivized in the region for several years. NREL partnered with Ecotope, Inc., a small energy consulting firm located in Seattle, WA, for site recruitment, monitoring equipment installation, data quality management. All the sites included in the study had previously installed a high-efficiency, central heat pump system. One site was in a Denver, CO suburb, which was the only dual fuel heat pump in the study. We used airside and power measurements, collected at 5-second intervals, to quantify heat pump capacity, coefficient of performance (COP), and auxiliary heater energy consumption. We developed algorithms to automatically determine the heat pump operating mode including defrost and auxiliary heating operation. A whole-house thermal and duct audit was completed during the initial site visit to estimate winter heating loads and assess heat pump sizing. Whole-home heating design loads were calculated at ASHRAE 99% design temperatures and compared to manufacturer-reported maximum capacities to assess the heat pump sizing at each site.
Author : Liangzhu Leon Wang
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811998221
Total Pages : 2933 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Building Energy and Environment written by Liangzhu Leon Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-04 with total page 2933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 5th International Conference on Building Energy and Environment (COBEE2022), held in Montreal, Canada, in July 2022. The work focuses on the most recent technologies and knowledge of building energy and the environment, including health, energy, urban microclimate, smart cities, safety, etc. The contents make valuable contributions to academic researchers, engineers in the industry, and regulators of buildings. As well, readers encounter new ideas for achieving healthy, comfortable, energy-efficient, resilient, and safe buildings.
Download or read book Development of a High Performance Cold Climate Heat Pump written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary goals of the proposed project were to develop, test, and evaluate a high performance and cost-effective vapor compression air-source heat pump for use in cold climate regions. Vapor compression heat pumps are a proven technology, and have been used for many years to meet heating requirements for buildings in residential, commercial, and industrial applications. However, in climate regions that experience very low outdoor ambient temperatures both the heating capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) of traditional air-source vapor compression heat pumps drops dramatically with a decrease in the outdoor air temperature. The efficiency of heat pumping equipment has improved substantially over the past 20 years; however, the efficiencies of the highest rated equipment on the market are approaching practical limits that cannot be surpassed without modifications to the basic cycle and possibly the use of additional hardware. In this report, three technologies to improve the efficiency of vapor compression systems are described. These are a) vapor injected compression, b) oil flooded compression and c) hybrid flow control of the evaporator. Compressor prototypes for both, oil flooded and vapor injected compression were developed by Emerson Climate Technologies. For the oil flooded compressor, the oil injection port location was optimized and an internal oil separator was added using several design iterations. After initial testing at Emerson Climate Technologies, further testing was done at Purdue University, and compressor models were developed. These models were then integrated into a system model to determine the achievable improvement of seasonal energy efficiency (SEER) for Minneapolis (Minnesota) climate. For the oil flooded compression, a 34% improvement in seasonal energy efficiency was found while a 21% improvement in seasonal energy efficiency ratio was found for the vapor injected compression. It was found that one benefit of both tested compression technologies is a lower discharge temperature, which allows for continued operation at lower ambient temperatures. A bin analysis of the vapor injected prototype cold climate heat pump predicts a 6% improvement in HSPF for Minneapolis. This improvement is mainly a result of the increased capacity of the system for active vapor injection. For the oil flooded system, a slightly larger performance improvement is predicted, in this case mostly caused by an increase in heating COP. Based on an economic analysis of these results, the maximum additional cost of the system changes, for the Minneapolis location, are $430 for the vapor injected system and $391 for the oil flooded system. These estimates assume that a 3-year simple payback period is accepted by the customer. For the hybrid flow control of evaporators, a new type of balancing valve was developed together with Emerson Climate technologies to reduce the cost of the control scheme. In contrast to conventional stepper motor valves, this valve requires less cables and can be driven by a cheaper output circuit on the control board. The correct valve size was determined in a dedicated test stand in several design iterations. The performance benefits of the hybrid control of the evaporator coil were determined for clean coil conditions as well as with partial blockage of the air inlet grille and under frosting conditions. For clean coil conditions, the benefits in terms of COP and capacity are negligible. However, significant benefits were noted for severely air-maldistributed operating conditions. For the H2-test, the maximum COP improvement of 17% along with a capacity improvement of nearly 40% was observed. Overall, the hybrid control scheme leads to a significant amount of performance improvement, if the air inlet conditions to the evaporator are maldistributed.
Author : A. A. Domingorena
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Performance Evaluation of a Low-first-cost, Three-ton, Air-to-air Heat Pump in the Heating Mode written by A. A. Domingorena and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 956 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hui Huang
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000062171
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Heat Pumps for Cold Climate Heating written by Hui Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-05-01 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air source heat pumps are mainly used for space heating, and have the advantages of environmental protection, energy saving, and comfort. Written by leading heat pump technology expert Hui Huang, this book summarizes the research and applications of variable volume ratio two-stage vapor compression air source heat pump technology, and its use in cold climate regions. This book can be used for reference by scientific researchers and engineers engaged in research on air source heat pump technology, product development and popularization; and by energy management and policy researchers. It will also be of value to undergraduate and graduate students studying these areas of technology.
Author : A. A. Domingorena
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Performance Evaluation of a Selected Three-ton Air-to-air Heat Pump in the Heating Mode written by A. A. Domingorena and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (925 download)
Download or read book Field Performance of Inverter-Driven Heat Pumps in Cold Climates written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, air-source heat pumps (ASHPs) have been used more often in warmer climates; however, some new ASHPs are gaining ground in colder areas. These systems operate at subzero (Fahrenheit) temperatures and many do not include backup electric resistance elements. There are still uncertainties, however, about capacity and efficiency in cold weather. Also, questions such as "how cold is too cold?" do not have clear answers. These uncertainties could lead to skepticism among homeowners; poor energy savings estimates; suboptimal system selection by heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning contractors; and inconsistent energy modeling. In an effort to better understand and characterize the heating performance of these units in cold climates, the U.S. Department of Energy Building America team, Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings (CARB), monitored seven inverter-driven, ductless ASHPs across the Northeast. Operating data were collected for three Mitsubishi FE18 units, three Mitsubishi FE12 units, and one Fujitsu 15RLS2 unit. The intent of this research was to assess heat output, electricity consumption, and coefficients of performance (COPs) at various temperatures and load conditions. This assessment was accomplished with long- and short-term tests that measured power consumption; supply, return, and outdoor air temperatures; and airflow through the indoor fan coil.
Download or read book Development of a High Performance Air Source Heat Pump for the US Market written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat pumps present a significant advantage over conventional residential heating technologies due to higher energy efficiencies and less dependence on imported oil. The US development of heat pumps dates back to the 1930 s with pilot units being commercially available in the 1950 s. Reliable and cost competitive units were available in the US market by the 1960 s. The 1973 oil embargo led to increased interest in heat pumps prompting significant research to improve performance, particularly for cold climate locations. Recent increasing concerns on building energy efficiency and environmental emissions have prompted a new wave of research in heat pump technology with special emphasis on reducing performance degradation at colder outdoor air temperatures. A summary of the advantages and limitations of several performance improvement options sought for the development of high performance air source heat pump systems for cold climate applications is the primary focus of this paper. Some recommendations for a high performance cold climate heat pump system design most suitable for the US market are presented.
Author : Francesco Calise
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128206268
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)
Download or read book Polygeneration Systems written by Francesco Calise and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-09-22 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The support for polygeneration lies in the possibility of integrating different technologies into a single energy system, to maximize the utilization of both fossil and renewable fuels. A system that delivers multiple forms of energy to users, maximizing the overall efficiency makes polygeneration an emerging and viable option for energy consuming industries. Polygeneration Systems: Design, Processes and Technologies provides simple and advanced calculation techniques to evaluate energy, environmental and economic performance of polygeneration systems under analysis. With specific design guidelines for each type of polygeneration system and experimental performance data, referred both to single components and overall systems, this title covers all aspects of polygeneration from design to operation, optimization and practical implementation. Giving different aspects of both fossil and non-fossil fuel based polygeneration and the wider area of polygeneration processes, this book helps readers learn general principles to specific system design and development through analysis of case studies, examples, simulation characteristics and thermodynamic and economic data. Detailed economic data for technology to assist developing feasibility studies regarding the possible application of polygeneration technologies Offers a comprehensive list of all current numerical and experimental results of polygeneration available Includes simulation models, cost figures, demonstration projects and test standards for designers and researchers to validate their own models and/or to test the reliability of their results
Author : Stignor, Caroline Haglund
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9289359722
Total Pages : 113 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (893 download)
Download or read book Nordsyn study on air-to-water heat pumps in humid Nordic climate written by Stignor, Caroline Haglund and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2019-05-03 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study presented in this report has been performed for Nordsyn sponsored by the Nordic Council of Ministers. The aim of this study was to analyse if the information given on the energy labels of air-to-water heat pumps give consumers in Nordic countries sufficient information on energy performance. When comparing results from field measurements to declared values, it shows the declared values are usually better than the field data, especially in countries with humid climate. There could be several reasons for this deviation as non-optimal installations, bypass of control systems, old field data etc. The suspicion that the deviation is due to that the standard tests do not take humidity sufficiently into account could not be proved nor fully dismissed. Recommendations are given on how this could be further investigated, including field measurements in Nordic countries.
Download or read book Cold Climates Heat Pump Design Optimization written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat pumps provide an efficient heating method; however they suffer from sever capacity and performance degradation at low ambient conditions. This has deterred market penetration in cold climates. There is a continuing effort to find an efficient air source cold climate heat pump that maintains acceptable capacity and performance at low ambient conditions. Systematic optimization techniques provide a reliable approach for the design of such systems. This paper presents a step-by-step approach for the design optimization of cold climate heat pumps. We first start by describing the optimization problem: objective function, constraints, and design space. Then we illustrate how to perform this design optimization using an open source publically available optimization toolbox. The response of the heat pump design was evaluated using a validated component based vapor compression model. This model was treated as a black box model within the optimization framework. Optimum designs for different system configurations are presented. These optimum results were further analyzed to understand the performance tradeoff and selection criteria. The paper ends with a discussion on the use of systematic optimization for the cold climate heat pump design.
Download or read book Cold Climate Heat Pumps Using Tandem Compressors written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In cold climate zones, e.g. ASHRAE climate regions IV and V, conventional electric air-source heat pumps (ASHP) do not work well, due to high compressor discharge temperatures, large pressure ratios and inadequate heating capacities at low ambient temperatures. Consequently, significant use of auxiliary strip heating is required to meet the building heating load. We introduce innovative ASHP technologies as part of continuing efforts to eliminate auxiliary strip heat use and maximize heating COP with acceptable cost-effectiveness and reliability. These innovative ASHP were developed using tandem compressors, which are capable of augmenting heating capacity at low temperatures and maintain superior part-load operation efficiency at moderate temperatures. Two options of tandem compressors were studied; the first employs two identical, single-speed compressors, and the second employs two identical, vapor-injection compressors. The investigations were based on system modeling and laboratory evaluation. Both designs have successfully met the performance criteria. Laboratory evaluation showed that the tandem, single-speed compressor ASHP system is able to achieve heating COP = 4.2 at 47 F (8.3 C), COP = 2.9 at 17 F ( -8.3 C), and 76% rated capacity and COP = 1.9 at -13 F ( -25 C). This yields a HSPF = 11.0 (per AHRI 210/240). The tandem, vapor-injection ASHP is able to reach heating COP = 4.4 at 47 F, COP = 3.1 at 17 F, and 88% rated capacity and COP = 2.0 at -13 F. This yields a HSPF = 12.0. The system modeling and further laboratory evaluation are presented in the paper.
Author : Caneta Research Inc
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Heat Pumps in Cold Climates written by Caneta Research Inc and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cold climates have always presented a challenge to heat pump equipment. In spite of this challenge, the heat pump industry is growing. Consumer interest and acceptance is on the rise, and increasing numbers of businesses, industries and institutions are realizing the financial and environmental benefits of heat pumps. This was the third International Conference on Heat Pumps in Cold Climates. The first two were hosted and sponsored by the University of Moncton and New Brunswick Power in 1990 and 1993.A total of 44 papers were presented at this meeting in two concurrent sessions and two poster sessions over the two days. Papers included in these proceedings were presented in the technical topic areas of design tools, alternative refrigerants to R22, gas -fired heat pumps and heat pump performance assessment. Market and application topic areas included measuring success of heat pump initiatives, lessons-learned from utility heat pump programs, the new electric industry environment, heat pump reliability, heat pumps in commercial buildings and trends in heat pump efficiency.
