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Perceived Discrimination And Psychological Distress Among Pregnant Women In The Workplace And Academic Environment
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Book Synopsis Perceived Discrimination and Psychological Distress Among Pregnant Women in the Workplace and Academic Environment by : Yael Cukier
Download or read book Perceived Discrimination and Psychological Distress Among Pregnant Women in the Workplace and Academic Environment written by Yael Cukier and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Racial Discrimination, Social Support and Psychological Distress Among Black Pregnant Women by : Camilla Lisbeth Carey
Download or read book Racial Discrimination, Social Support and Psychological Distress Among Black Pregnant Women written by Camilla Lisbeth Carey and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this dissertation research was to examine the associations among racial discrimination, social support, and psychological distress among Black pregnant women. The dissertation was guided by the Ecological Systems theory which has three domains that pertain to this research: individual, interpersonal, and community. A literature review was conducted to investigate what is known about the association between racial discrimination and psychological distress among Black pregnant women. This review found that seventeen of the nineteen studies included reported a positive association between racial discrimination and psychological distress among Black pregnant or postpartum women. Limited research focused on the potential moderating effect of social support on the association between racial discrimination with psychological distress among Black pregnant women. Using a cross-sectional design, this dissertation research examined the moderating effect of social support on the association of racial discrimination with psychological distress among a sample of 599 Black pregnant women. I found that experiences of racial discrimination were related to lower levels of social support and higher levels of psychological wellbeing among these women. Social support related to lower levels of psychological wellbeing; however, social support did not moderate the association of racial discrimination with psychological distress in this sample. Finally, I found that the most frequently reported experiences of discrimination were in a store or restaurant and on the street or public setting and the least frequently reported experience was getting medical care among women in this study. Women who reported discrimination in all, but one situation reported lower levels of psychological wellbeing compared with women who did not report discrimination in these situations. This dissertation research adds to the knowledge related to the associations among racial discrimination, social support, and psychological distress among Black pregnant women.
Book Synopsis Gender and the Association Between Discrimination and Psychological Distress Amongst African Americans in the California Quality of Life Survey by : Matthew Glenn
Download or read book Gender and the Association Between Discrimination and Psychological Distress Amongst African Americans in the California Quality of Life Survey written by Matthew Glenn and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Moving Toward a Better Understanding of Black Women's Work Adjustment by : Yasmeen I. Yamini-Benjamin
Download or read book Moving Toward a Better Understanding of Black Women's Work Adjustment written by Yasmeen I. Yamini-Benjamin and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black women's work adjustment is not well understood because few studies have examined the work experiences of this group in enough depth, and these studies have failed to incorporate work adjustment indices that are well-supported in the literature. This study looks to further the work adjustment literature of black women by testing the relationships between a well-studied index of work adjustment (job satisfaction), a measure of mental health functioning (psychological distress), and two psychological variables purported to influence black women's work-experiences: perceived discrimination, and self-efficacy for coping with discrimination. Hypotheses are tested using data from the 1995 Detroit Area Study. Subjects are 181 black women employed full time with a mean age of 39.69 years, and a mean income of $36,080. Additionally, the majority of these subjects completed high-school or received their GED (n = 129). Bivariate correlations, bivariate linear regressions, and an independent sample t test are used to test the hypotheses in this study. Social Cognitive Career Theory is also used as a framework for interpreting the results further. The findings reveal that perceptions of discrimination are significantly associated with job satisfaction and psychological distress, that self-efficacy for coping with discrimination is significantly associated with psychological distress, and that age is a significant predictor of job satisfaction. Contrary to the hypotheses in this study, self-efficacy for coping with discrimination did not emerge as a significant moderator in the models predicting job satisfaction and psychological distress. However, these results should be interpreted cautiously due to the limitations of the self-efficacy for coping measure in the present study. Implications for interventions and future directions are discussed.
Book Synopsis Workplace Discrimination and Health by : Eric Michael Allen
Download or read book Workplace Discrimination and Health written by Eric Michael Allen and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite legal reforms banning workplace discrimination, scholars have documented the persistence of workplace discrimination today. Scholars have since documented the significance of perceived discrimination as a key mechanism of persistent health inequalities. However, few have thoroughly investigated the extent to which mental health inequalities from perceived workplace discrimination matter for women and men. My dissertation investigates the importance of gender inequality in shaping both perceptions of workplace discrimination and its mental health consequences in four ways using Survey of Midlife in the U.S. (MIDUS) data. First, I examine how gender and workplace power shape perceptions of workplace discrimination between employed women and men. I find gender does not significantly shape perceptions of workplace discrimination until accounting for supervisor status (an indicator of workplace power). I argue scholars must consider gender and workplace power simultaneously to understand how perceptions of work discrimination are patterned. Second, I examine whether employed men and women experience similar mental health outcomes from perceptions of work discrimination at waves one and two. I find both women's and men's mental health suffer from perceived workplace discrimination in wave one; however, women's poorer mental health remains worse in wave two while men's mental health recovers. Additionally, the perception of workplace discrimination is more harmful for women's (but not men's) long-term mental health. Third, I examine whether employed parents' perceived workplace discrimination carries over to harm children's emotional health. I find mothers' (but not fathers') perceived workplace discrimination is positively related to children's emotional problems. Moreover, the perception of workplace discrimination is also more harmful for mothers' (but not fathers') children's emotional health. Fourth, I examine whether the mechanisms linking parents' perceived workplace discrimination are different for fathers and mothers. I find perceived work discrimination is indirectly linked with children's emotional problems through fathers' poorer father-child relationship quality and mothers' increased psychological distress. Thus, the long arm of discrimination is evident. I argue discrimination is a social (rather than an individual) exposure that has gendered health consequences for both employed adults and their children.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Workplace Discrimination by : Adrienne Colella
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Workplace Discrimination written by Adrienne Colella and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Workplace Discrimination synthesizes decades of evidence and inspires a brand new era of science-practice collaboration in understanding and reducing discrimination at work.
Book Synopsis Maternity and Paternity at Work by : Laura Addati
Download or read book Maternity and Paternity at Work written by Laura Addati and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a picture of where we stand and what we have learned so far about maternity and paternity rights across the world. It offers a rich international comparative analysis of law and practice relating to maternity protection at work in 185 countries and territories, comprising leave, cash benefits, employment protection and non-discrimination, health protection, breastfeeding arrangements at work and childcare. Expanding on previous editions, it is based on an extensive set of new legal and statistical indicators, including coverage in law and in practice of paid maternity leave as well as statutory provision of paternity and parental leave and their evolution over the last 20 years. The report also takes account of the recent economic crisis and austerity measures. It shows how well national laws and practice conform to the ILO Maternity Protection Convention, 2000 (No. 183), its accompanying Recommendation (No. 191) and the Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention, 1981 (No. 156), and offers guidance on policy design and implementation. This report shows that a majority of countries have established legislation to protect and support maternity and paternity at work, even if those provisions do not always meet the ILO standards. One of the persistent challenges is the effective implementation of legislation, to ensure that all workers are able to benefit from these essential labour rights.
Book Synopsis The Hidden Injuries of Racial Employment Discrimination by : Lisette Marie Garcia
Download or read book The Hidden Injuries of Racial Employment Discrimination written by Lisette Marie Garcia and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Work represents a primary sphere of social and economic life wherein stratification arrangements are created and reproduced. Stratification research has made this point, delineating how racial inequality within and across labor markets has resulted in wage, unemployment, and mobility inequalities. Less explicit has been the processes of social closure, and specifically the micro-mediational and interactional dynamics that are ultimately shaping these inequalities. Similarly, research on minority mental health and well-being has documented extensively the relationship between race, discrimination, and mental health. However, research in this tradition has been less successful in identifying the processes that underlie this relationship. Scholars in both traditions have stressed the importance in examining the linkages between discrimination and inequality, however, limitations in available data across research veins precludes their ability to do so. Building on prior research and drawing explicitly from theorizing on social closure, I first, analyzed labor market and occupational variations in racial discrimination and the micro-mediational processes responsible. I then explored the relationship between discrimination across the labor market and occupations, on the psychological well-being of individuals. Few studies to date have examined this relationship and those that have explored the link between discrimination and psychological functioning were limited to the use of perceived discrimination rather than actual instances of discrimination. Drawing from a unique data set of approximately 400 verified workplace discrimination charges filed with the Ohio Civil Rights Commission (OCRC) from 1988 to 2003, my research addresses questions of discriminatory processes, consequences, and variations using statistical, comparative, and qualitative methods. The focus of this study was to elaborate existing stratification research in two important ways -- mechanisms and exploration of atypical outcomes. The primary contribution of this study was to understand the underlying mechanisms that result in persistent inequality in the American labor market. The qualitative immersion shed significant light on how discrimination unfolds and the ways it may manifest distinctly depending on industrial sector and across occupational statuses. Indeed, in certain sectors and across occupations, "poor performance" is the mechanism employers used in discriminating; in others, "misconduct"; and still, in others, covert and discriminatory tactics are prevalent. An additional contribution to stratification research was consideration of a fresh outcome apart from economic rewards. The present study explored the linkages between the mechanisms that underlie racial discrimination in the context of employment and minority well-being. Exploration of the qualitative materials showed how it is likely that discrimination across industrial sectors and occupations shaped mental health outcomes. The literature in this avenue is far less clear about the processes that may be relevant in this relationship therefore this exploratory effort is meant to aid in theory development. The qualitative immersion uncovered certain mechanisms, specifically the role of harassment, which may be central to understanding the link between discrimination and other outcomes such as psychological distress and depression. This is the first study of its kind exploring verified discrimination and consequences that seem to follow.
Book Synopsis Social Epidemiology by : Lisa F. Berkman
Download or read book Social Epidemiology written by Lisa F. Berkman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-09 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows the important links between social conditions and health and begins to describe the processes through which these health inequalities may be generated. It reviews a range of methodologies that could be used by health researchers in this field and proposes innovative future research directions.
Book Synopsis Perceived Unfair Treatment in Medical Settings Among Women by : Natalie Anne Berthe Jagannath
Download or read book Perceived Unfair Treatment in Medical Settings Among Women written by Natalie Anne Berthe Jagannath and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore variables that lead to women’s perception of unfair treatment in medical settings. The research looked at how age, education, marital status, obesity, general health, disability and psychological distress are associated with perceived discrimination. This quantitative study used secondary data collected from an existing survey, the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). Chi-square statistical procedures were used to test research questions. The results showed that age, education, marital status and women who identified as being obese had statistically significant rates of perceived discrimination in medical settings. These findings are beneficial to social work practice because they allow for better understanding of barriers to medical treatment for mothers with young children.
Book Synopsis Knowledge, Trait Mindfulness and Perceived Discrimination as it Relates to Coping Self-Efficacy in African American Women by : Collins D. Nelson
Download or read book Knowledge, Trait Mindfulness and Perceived Discrimination as it Relates to Coping Self-Efficacy in African American Women written by Collins D. Nelson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a cross-sectional study that investigated the relationship between preconception care knowledge, trait mindfulness, perceived discrimination, and coping self-efficacy. It addressed the lack of research into the effects of pregnancy-related distress on maternal mortality in African American women. There were 117 participants ages 18 -30 whose data was collected through an online survey. The results suggest that greater preconception care knowledge predicts greater pregnancy-related distress coping self-efficacy. Trait mindfulness also predicted pregnancy-related distress coping self-efficacy. Perceived discrimination did not predict coping self- efficacy in a negative direction as expected.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309452961 Total Pages :583 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Book Synopsis The Social Determinants of Mental Health by : Michael T. Compton
Download or read book The Social Determinants of Mental Health written by Michael T. Compton and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 2015-04-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social Determinants of Mental Health aims to fill the gap that exists in the psychiatric, scholarly, and policy-related literature on the social determinants of mental health: those factors stemming from where we learn, play, live, work, and age that impact our overall mental health and well-being. The editors and an impressive roster of chapter authors from diverse scholarly backgrounds provide detailed information on topics such as discrimination and social exclusion; adverse early life experiences; poor education; unemployment, underemployment, and job insecurity; income inequality, poverty, and neighborhood deprivation; food insecurity; poor housing quality and housing instability; adverse features of the built environment; and poor access to mental health care. This thought-provoking book offers many beneficial features for clinicians and public health professionals: Clinical vignettes are included, designed to make the content accessible to readers who are primarily clinicians and also to demonstrate the practical, individual-level applicability of the subject matter for those who typically work at the public health, population, and/or policy level. Policy implications are discussed throughout, designed to make the content accessible to readers who work primarily at the public health or population level and also to demonstrate the policy relevance of the subject matter for those who typically work at the clinical level. All chapters include five to six key points that focus on the most important content, helping to both prepare the reader with a brief overview of the chapter's main points and reinforce the "take-away" messages afterward. In addition to the main body of the book, which focuses on selected individual social determinants of mental health, the volume includes an in-depth overview that summarizes the editors' and their colleagues' conceptualization, as well as a final chapter coauthored by Dr. David Satcher, 16th Surgeon General of the United States, that serves as a "Call to Action," offering specific actions that can be taken by both clinicians and policymakers to address the social determinants of mental health. The editors have succeeded in the difficult task of balancing the individual/clinical/patient perspective and the population/public health/community point of view, while underscoring the need for both groups to work in a unified way to address the inequities in twenty-first century America. The Social Determinants of Mental Health gives readers the tools to understand and act to improve mental health and reduce risk for mental illnesses for individuals and communities. Students preparing for the Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) will also benefit from this book, as the MCAT in 2015 will test applicants' knowledge of social determinants of health. The social determinants of mental health are not distinct from the social determinants of physical health, although they deserve special emphasis given the prevalence and burden of poor mental health.
Book Synopsis Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management by : M. Ronald Buckley
Download or read book Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management written by M. Ronald Buckley and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2018-07-23 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management is designed to promote theory and research on important substantive and methodological topics in the field of human resources management. Volume 36 focuses on key issues such as job search processes, human resource technology systems, pregnancy issues at work, and emotions at work.
Book Synopsis From Baby Bump to Stressful Slump by : Kristen Price Jones
Download or read book From Baby Bump to Stressful Slump written by Kristen Price Jones and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the rapid entrance of women into the workforce over the past several decades, many workplace experiences unique to women remain poorly understand. One critical, yet understudied, area of examination is the intersection of work and pregnancy. Extant research suggests pregnant employees may face considerable challenges in light of the often stigmatized nature of pregnancy in the context of the workplace. Given pregnancy remains concealable for a substantial portion of pregnancy, expectant employees must navigate decisions regarding to whom, when, and how to disclose their pregnant identities at work through revealing, concealing, and signaling behaviors. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to explore discrimination as a potential antecedent to and consequence of these identity management decisions. Furthermore, the current study sought to examine the implications of revealing, concealing, and signaling behaviors for psychological well-being. Taken together, the findings suggest 1) discrimination is neither an antecedent to nor a consequence of disclosure decisions - it is both, 2) expectant employees who were generally more revealing of their pregnancies at work reported lower average perceptions of discrimination, 3) disclosure interactions characterized by high concealing and signaling were associated with increases in psychological distress, and 4) important differences emerged as a function of the level of analysis (i.e., within-person versus person-level). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Book Synopsis Social Problem Solving and Psychological Distress Among Pregnant Women by : Amy N. Evans
Download or read book Social Problem Solving and Psychological Distress Among Pregnant Women written by Amy N. Evans and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal and human studies have provided evidence that psychological distress during pregnancy may adversely affect the physical and psychological health of the child and mother. Given this evidence, it is important to learn about the ways in which women cope with stressors during pregnancy. Social problem-solving is the cognitive-behavioral process whereby an individual copes with stressful problems. As such, the purpose of this study was to determine if social problem-solving statistically predicted psychological distress (i.e., depressive and anxious symptomatology) during pregnancy. It was hypothesized that social problem-solving would statistically predict psychological distress above and beyond demographic variables, stressful life events, and pregnancy related-stressors. Additionally, it was believed that negative problem orientation would be the most predictive. Pregnant women (n = 31; 58.1% white, 16.1% black, 12.9% Latina, 9.7% Asian, and 3.2% other/multiracial; mean age = 30.43 years, SD = 4.99; mean gestational age = 30.23 weeks, SD = 9.18) seeking prenatal care from two university-based obstetric and gynecologic offices in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania were recruited to fill out a series of self-report questionnaires, including the LES, PES, EPDS, PRAQ-R, and SPSI-R. Hierarchical multiple regressions demonstrated that social problem-solving did not statistically predict psychological distress among pregnant women (depression: R2 = 0.47, F(5, 25) = 1.41, p = .25; anxiety: R2 = 0.22, F(5, 24) = 0.58, p = .72). Additional research is needed to determine if social problem-solving predicts psychological distress among pregnant women. Keywords: pregnancy, anxiety, depression, psychological distress, social problem solving
Book Synopsis Human Behavior in the Social Environment by : Anissa Taun Rogers
Download or read book Human Behavior in the Social Environment written by Anissa Taun Rogers and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-06 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifth edition of Human Behavior in the Social Environment takes students through the life course perspective to give a concise, compact treatment of human behavior. The text also comes with a rich companion website that includes support materials and six unique cases that encourage students to learn by doing and to apply their knowledge of human behavior to best practices.
