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Peak Methane Concentrations During Coal Mining
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Book Synopsis Peak Methane Concentrations During Coal Mining by : Fred N. Kissell
Download or read book Peak Methane Concentrations During Coal Mining written by Fred N. Kissell and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Peak Methane Concentrations During Coal Mining by :
Download or read book Peak Methane Concentrations During Coal Mining written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Peak Methane Concentrations During Coal Mining by :
Download or read book Peak Methane Concentrations During Coal Mining written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Peak Methane Concentrations During Coal Mining by : Fred N. Kissell
Download or read book Peak Methane Concentrations During Coal Mining written by Fred N. Kissell and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Statistical Analysis of Methane Concentration Fluctuations by : Richard J. Bielicki
Download or read book Statistical Analysis of Methane Concentration Fluctuations written by Richard J. Bielicki and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Methane Accumulations in Coal Mine Roof Cavities by : Robert P. Vinson
Download or read book Methane Accumulations in Coal Mine Roof Cavities written by Robert P. Vinson and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Statistical Analysis of Methane Concentration Fluctuations by : A. W. Deurbrouck
Download or read book Statistical Analysis of Methane Concentration Fluctuations written by A. W. Deurbrouck and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determination of Low Concentrations of Methane in Coal-mine-air Samples by Infrared Absorption Spectrometry by : P. J. Colbassani
Download or read book Determination of Low Concentrations of Methane in Coal-mine-air Samples by Infrared Absorption Spectrometry written by P. J. Colbassani and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Methane Control by Isolation of a Major Coal Panel by : Charles Findlay
Download or read book Methane Control by Isolation of a Major Coal Panel written by Charles Findlay and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Guidelines for the Control and Monitoring of Methane Gas on Continuous Mining Operations by : Charles Darrell Taylor
Download or read book Guidelines for the Control and Monitoring of Methane Gas on Continuous Mining Operations written by Charles Darrell Taylor and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2010-04-30 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Until the early 1980s, mine face ventilation systems were designed for ventilating cutting depths up to 20 feet. Since that time, use of remotely operated mining machines have allowed cutting depths to increase to 40 ft, increasing concerns about the effects on methane levels at the mine face area. The principles for efficient methane control during deeper cutting remained the same, namely: 1. Move a sufficient quantity of intake air from the end of the tubing or curtain to the face. 2. Mix intake air with methane gas liberated at the face. 3. Move methane contaminated air away from the face. However, when cutting to depths greater than 20 ft (known as deep-cut mining), airflow quantities reaching the face area often decreased because it was difficult to maintain tubing or brattice setback distances. Earlier research showed that use of machine-mounted scrubbers and water sprays increased airflow at the face area during deep cutting. NIOSH research examined how these and other factors affected face airflow. A full-scale ventilation test gallery was used to study how different operating conditions caused airflow patterns and methane distributions near the face to vary. The research results showed that during deep-cut mining: 1. Without additional controls, only a small percentage of the air delivered to the end of the tubing or curtain reached the face area. 2. Operation of a machine-mounted scrubber increased airflow and reduced methane levels at the face area as long as the quantity of intake air delivered to the end of the curtain or tubing was not reduced. 3. Operation of water sprays did not significantly increase the volume of air reaching the face but did improve mixing of methane and intake air at the face. Methane monitoring requirements remained the same for deep cutting, but the possibility of rapidly changing conditions at the face increases the need for accurate estimates of face methane concentration. Research examined currently available instrumentation and sampling methods for monitoring methane at the face. The results from this NIOSH research program demonstrate how existing and new engineering controls can be used to (educe face methane levels. The sampling methods that were investigated can provide better ways to measure methane levels near the front of the continuous mining machine. In this report several practical guidelines are recommended for controlling and monitoring methane levels in the face areas of underground coal mines. Most of the recommendations were based on studies conducted in the NIOSH ventilation test gallery. 1. Free-standing fans can be used to ventilate empty headings in coal mines; a) The fan nozzle should be designed to provide maximum throw distance. b) Recirculation should be minimized by proper placement of fan inlet and or by placing curtains partway across the entry. 2. With blowing systems, the single most important factor on face methane dilution is the velocity of the air directed toward the face; a) For the same airflows, use of tubing rather than a curtain usually provides better control of face methane, especially at longer setback distances. 3. With blowing and exhausting systems, and with the mining machine at the face, use of scrubbers increases the amount of intake airflow reaching the mining face; a) Scrubber and spray systems should be designed to achieve efficient face ventilation for the effective removal of gas from the face. 4. Measurement of airflow speed and direction between the curtain and the face helps to predict methane concentrations in the face area; a) In empty entries, airflow velocity is much lower in narrower entries. More airflow should be provided during box cuts to prevent higher methane levels. 5. Regardless of intake flow quantity, increasing scrubber flow will reduce face methane levels if recirculation is controlled. Recirculation can be controlled by; a) Minimizing leakage around the ventilation curtain; b) Directing scrubber exhaust away from the blowing curtain. With exhaust systems the mouth of the curtain should always be outby the scrubber exhaust. 6. Water sprays on the mining machine should be directed to provide the best airflow across the entire face. 7. Methanometer response times can be measured using either of two techniques developed by NIOSH. Instruments with shorter response times more accurately measure current methane levels. Dust cap design has the greatest effect on response times; a) When selecting a methanometer the dust cap design should be examined. The cap should protect the methane sensor from dust and water but not significantly increase the response time. 8.Alternative methane sampling locations on the mining machine should be compared and selected based on the relative protection provided to the face workers. 9. Mine personnel should be provided with methane monitors that can be worn while working in areas that cannot be regularly monitored. Audible, visual, and vibratory alarms for the monitors should be evaluated based on the environment in which the instruments are used. 10. Miners must be safely removed from a mine without exposure to excessive methane following stoppage of a main fan; a) Mines should be evaluated for the most likely area where methane gas can accumulate following stoppage of a main mine fan. 11. In areas between the mouth of the ventilation curtain and the face, airflow direction is constantly changing and it is difficult to accurately measure flow velocity with a single-axis anemometer (e.g., a vane anemometer); a) Following approval for underground use, multi-axis anemometers should be used to monitor airflow direction and velocity between the mouth of the ventilation curtain or tubing and the face. Multi-axis instruments should also be used to monitor flow at locations outby the mining face. 12. During roof bolting, if it is not practical to monitor methane levels at the mining face, methane levels should be measured with a bolter machine-mounted monitor and a detector held 16 ft inby the last row of bolts using a extensible pole." - NIOSHTIC-2
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309470501 Total Pages :251 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-08-25 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding, quantifying, and tracking atmospheric methane and emissions is essential for addressing concerns and informing decisions that affect the climate, economy, and human health and safety. Atmospheric methane is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) that contributes to global warming. While carbon dioxide is by far the dominant cause of the rise in global average temperatures, methane also plays a significant role because it absorbs more energy per unit mass than carbon dioxide does, giving it a disproportionately large effect on global radiative forcing. In addition to contributing to climate change, methane also affects human health as a precursor to ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere. Improving Characterization of Anthropogenic Methane Emissions in the United States summarizes the current state of understanding of methane emissions sources and the measurement approaches and evaluates opportunities for methodological and inventory development improvements. This report will inform future research agendas of various U.S. agencies, including NOAA, the EPA, the DOE, NASA, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Book Synopsis Forecasting Methane Hazards in Metal and Nonmetal Mines by : Edward D. Thimons
Download or read book Forecasting Methane Hazards in Metal and Nonmetal Mines written by Edward D. Thimons and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment, Restoration and Reclamation of Mining Influenced Soils by : Jaume Bech
Download or read book Assessment, Restoration and Reclamation of Mining Influenced Soils written by Jaume Bech and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-09-09 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessment, Restoration and Reclamation of Mining Influenced Soils covers processes operating in the environment as a result of mining activity, including the whole spectra of negative effects of anthropopressure and the environment, from changes in soil chemistry, changes in soil physical properties, geomechanical disturbances, and mine water discharges. Mining activity and its waste are an environmental concern. Knowledge of the fate of potentially harmful elements and their effect on plants and the food chain, and ultimately on human health, is still being understood. Therefore, there is a need for better knowledge on the origin, distribution, and management of mine waste on a global level. This book provides information on hazard assessment and remediation of the disturbed environment, including stabilization of contaminated soils and phytoremediation, and will help scientists and public authorities formulate answers to the daily challenges related to the restoration of contaminated land. Provides a thorough overview of the processes operating on mining-devastated areas, as well as origin, distribution, and deactivation of harmful elements Includes outcomes and recommendations of the Global Mining Initiative that are widely regarded as the code of conduct in the minerals industry Contains global case studies that elucidate various aspects of assessment and restoration of mine-contaminated land
Book Synopsis Soil Gas and Related Methods for Natural Resource Exploration by : Ronald W. Klusman
Download or read book Soil Gas and Related Methods for Natural Resource Exploration written by Ronald W. Klusman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1993 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relates how a new technique used in the study of soil gas can be applied to the prospecting of oil, gas, mineral and geothermal resources. The text should interest petroleum and mineral engineers and others who need to keep abreast of developments in the field of natural resource exploration.
Book Synopsis Handbook for Methane Control in Mining by : Fred N. Kissell
Download or read book Handbook for Methane Control in Mining written by Fred N. Kissell and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific Investigations Report by : Sharon E. Kroening
Download or read book Scientific Investigations Report written by Sharon E. Kroening and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis U.S. Department of the Interior, Office of Surface Mining by : United States. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement
Download or read book U.S. Department of the Interior, Office of Surface Mining written by United States. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: