Patterns and Drivers of Nearshore Coastal Air-sea CO2 Exchange

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Patterns and Drivers of Nearshore Coastal Air-sea CO2 Exchange by : Kirstin Lee Skadberg

Download or read book Patterns and Drivers of Nearshore Coastal Air-sea CO2 Exchange written by Kirstin Lee Skadberg and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CO2 uptake in a nearshore coastal ocean was directly measured using eddy covariance over 27 months in the mid-latitude eastern Pacific. The average annual CO2 uptake during the study was 11.8 mol C m−2yr−1 roughly 25 times greater than the global ocean average. Distinct temporal patterns of CO2 uptake were resolved at diurnal, and seasonal scales. Regression analysis of variance indicates that the major drivers of the observed patterns of uptake are related to photosynthesis, with both photosynthetically active radiation and sea surface temperature explaining more of the variability than wind. Warmer sea surface temperatures were correlated with stronger CO2 uptake, the opposite of what would be expected if the "solubility pump" were in action. Air-sea CO2 flux values calculated using the pCO2 data and a constant k value of 10 cm hr−1 were only 25% of the magnitude of direct eddy covariance measurements. The average k value calculated using eddy covariance CO2 flux and delta pCO2 values was 48.8 cm hr−1. Use of the eddy covariance method to directly measure CO2 exchange at the air-sea interface in coastal waters avoids key uncertainties encountered when exchange is calculated using pCO2 differences and k-wind speed relationships, and it is suggested that the discrepancies that have been observed between eddy covariance CO2 flux measurements and pCO2 models could be the result of inadequate inclusion of complexities in pCO2 models, and that direct measurement via eddy covariance is the preferred method in coastal regions. It is concluded that global kelp and sea grass communities could be taking up as much as 2.1 x 1014 g C (0.21 Pg C) of atmospheric CO2 each year. Therefore, macrophyte ecosystems, which comprise between 0.6-2.2% of the surface area of the ocean could be responsible for as much as 10% of the value currently estimated for total global ocean CO2 uptake

Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642256430
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles by : Peter S. Liss

Download or read book Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions of Gases and Particles written by Peter S. Liss and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oceans and atmosphere interact through various processes, including the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particles. In this book leading international experts come together to provide a state-of-the-art account of these exchanges and their role in the Earth-system, with particular focus on gases and particles. Chapters in the book cover: i) the ocean-atmosphere exchange of short-lived trace gases; ii) mechanisms and models of interfacial exchange (including transfer velocity parameterisations); iii) ocean-atmosphere exchange of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide; iv) ocean atmosphere exchange of particles and v) current and future data collection and synthesis efforts. The scope of the book extends to the biogeochemical responses to emitted / deposited material and interactions and feedbacks in the wider Earth-system context. This work constitutes a highly detailed synthesis and reference; of interest to higher-level university students (Masters, PhD) and researchers in ocean-atmosphere interactions and related fields (Earth-system science, marine / atmospheric biogeochemistry / climate). Production of this book was supported and funded by the EU COST Action 735 and coordinated by the International SOLAS (Surface Ocean- Lower Atmosphere Study) project office.

The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009178466
Total Pages : 1807 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate by : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-05-19 with total page 1807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Effects of Extreme Weather Events on Coastal Carbon and Nutrient Cycling

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832504922
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Extreme Weather Events on Coastal Carbon and Nutrient Cycling by : Christopher Osburn

Download or read book Effects of Extreme Weather Events on Coastal Carbon and Nutrient Cycling written by Christopher Osburn and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-10 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Blue Carbon in Shallow Coastal Ecosystems

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811312958
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Blue Carbon in Shallow Coastal Ecosystems by : Tomohiro Kuwae

Download or read book Blue Carbon in Shallow Coastal Ecosystems written by Tomohiro Kuwae and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive and innovative understanding of the role of shallow coastal ecosystems in carbon cycling, particularly marine carbon sequestration. Incorporating a series of forward-looking chapters, the book combines thorough reviews of the global literature and regional assessments—mainly around the Indo-Pacific region and Japan—with global perspectives to provide a thorough assessment of carbon cycling in shallow coastal systems. It advocates the expansion of blue-carbon ecosystems (mangroves, seagrass meadows, and salt marshes) into macroalgal beds, tidal flats, coral reefs, and urbanized shallow waters, demonstrating the potential of these ecosystems as new carbon sinks. Moreover, it discusses not only topics that are currently the focus of blue-carbon studies, i.e., sedimentary carbon stock and accumulation rate, but also CO2 gas exchange between the atmosphere and shallow coastal ecosystems, carbon storage in the water column as refractory organic carbon, and off-site carbon storage. Including highly original contributions, this comprehensive work inspires research beyond the specific regions covered by the chapters. The suite of new concepts and approaches is refreshing and demonstrates that blue-carbon research is indeed a vibrant new field of research, providing deep insights into neglected aspects of carbon cycling in the marine environment. At the same time the book provides guidance for policy makers to deliver benefits to society, for example the inclusion of blue carbon as a carbon offset scheme or the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in the Paris Agreement, and also for building resilience in coastal socio-ecosystems through better management. This book is intended for all those interested in the science and management of coastal ecosystems.

Ocean Biogeochemistry

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642558445
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean Biogeochemistry by : Michael J.R. Fasham

Download or read book Ocean Biogeochemistry written by Michael J.R. Fasham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceans account for 50% of the anthropogenic CO2 released into the atmosphere. During the past 15 years an international programme, the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), has been studying the ocean carbon cycle to quantify and model the biological and physical processes whereby CO2 is pumped from the ocean's surface to the depths of the ocean, where it can remain for hundreds of years. This project is one of the largest multi-disciplinary studies of the oceans ever carried out and this book synthesises the results. It covers all aspects of the topic ranging from air-sea exchange with CO2, the role of physical mixing, the uptake of CO2 by marine algae, the fluxes of carbon and nitrogen through the marine food chain to the subsequent export of carbon to the depths of the ocean. Special emphasis is laid on predicting future climatic change.

Guide to Best Practices for Ocean Acidification Research and Data Reporting

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide to Best Practices for Ocean Acidification Research and Data Reporting by :

Download or read book Guide to Best Practices for Ocean Acidification Research and Data Reporting written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Flux and Sources of Nutrients in the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Flux and Sources of Nutrients in the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin by :

Download or read book Flux and Sources of Nutrients in the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Upwelling Systems of the World

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319425242
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Upwelling Systems of the World by : Jochen Kämpf

Download or read book Upwelling Systems of the World written by Jochen Kämpf and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-29 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Upwelling systems are special places in the oceans where nutrient-enriched water is brought into the euphotic zone to fuel phytoplankton blooms that, via marine food-web interactions, create the world’s richest fish resources. This book introduces the reader to the interdisciplinary science of upwelling and provides a comprehensive overview of the world’s most productive marine ecosystems in the context of climate variability, climate change and human exploitation. This material presented is suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate study or just for anyone interested to learn about the creation of life in the oceans and how this is compromised by human activities.

Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309060982
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change by : National Research Council

Download or read book Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-12-24 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Society today may be more vulnerable to global-scale, long-term, climate change than ever before. Even without any human influence, past records show that climate can be expected to continue to undergo considerable change over decades to centuries. Measures for adaption and mitigation will call for policy decisions based on a sound scientific foundation. Better understanding and prediction of climate variations can be achieved most efficiently through a nationally recognized "dec-cen" science plan. This book articulates the scientific issues that must be addressed to advance us efficiently toward that understanding and outlines the data collection and modeling needed.

Microbial Ecology of the Oceans

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119107202
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Ecology of the Oceans by : Josep M. Gasol

Download or read book Microbial Ecology of the Oceans written by Josep M. Gasol and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The newly revised and updated third edition of the bestselling book on microbial ecology in the oceans The third edition of Microbial Ecology of the Oceans features new topics, as well as different approaches to subjects dealt with in previous editions. The book starts out with a general introduction to the changes in the field, as well as looking at the prospects for the coming years. Chapters cover ecology, diversity, and function of microbes, and of microbial genes in the ocean. The biology and ecology of some model organisms, and how we can model the whole of the marine microbes, are dealt with, and some of the trophic roles that have changed in the last years are discussed. Finally, the role of microbes in the oceanic P cycle are presented. Microbial Ecology of the Oceans, Third Edition offers chapters on The Evolution of Microbial Ecology of the Ocean; Marine Microbial Diversity as Seen by High Throughput Sequencing; Ecological Significance of Microbial Trophic Mixing in the Oligotrophic Ocean; Metatranscritomics and Metaproteomics; Advances in Microbial Ecology from Model Marine Bacteria; Marine Microbes and Nonliving Organic Matter; Microbial Ecology and Biogeochemistry of Oxygen-Deficient Water Columns; The Ocean’s Microscale; Ecological Genomics of Marine Viruses; Microbial Physiological Ecology of The Marine Phosphorus Cycle; Phytoplankton Functional Types; and more. A new and updated edition of a key book in aquatic microbial ecology Includes widely used methodological approaches Fully describes the structure of the microbial ecosystem, discussing in particular the sources of carbon for microbial growth Offers theoretical interpretations of subtropical plankton biogeography Microbial Ecology of the Oceans is an ideal text for advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate students, and colleagues from other fields wishing to learn about microbes and the processes they mediate in marine systems.

Eddy Covariance Method for Scientific, Industrial, Agricultural and Regulatory Applications

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Publisher : LI-COR Biosciences
ISBN 13 : 061576827X
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Eddy Covariance Method for Scientific, Industrial, Agricultural and Regulatory Applications by : George Burba

Download or read book Eddy Covariance Method for Scientific, Industrial, Agricultural and Regulatory Applications written by George Burba and published by LI-COR Biosciences. This book was released on 2013 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The “Eddy Covariance Method for Scientific, Industrial, Agricultural and Regulatory Applications: A Field Book on Measuring Ecosystem Gas Exchange and Areal Emission Rates†book has been created to familiarize the reader with the general theoretical principles, requirements, applications, and planning and processing steps of the eddy covariance method. It is intended to assist readers in furthering their understanding of the method, and provide references such as micrometeorology textbooks, networking guidelines and journal papers. In particular, it is designed to help scientific, industrial, agricultural, and regulatory research projects and monitoring programs with field deployment of the eddy covariance method in applications beyond micrometeorology.Some of the topics covered in “Eddy Covariance Method for Scientific, Industrial, Agricultural and Regulatory Applications†include:Overview of eddy covariance principlesPlanning and design of an eddy covariance experiment Implementation of an eddy covariance experiment Processing eddy covariance dataAlternative flux methodsUseful resources, training and knowledge baseExample of planning, design and implementation of a complete eddy covariance station

Coastal Fluxes in the Anthropocene

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540278516
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Coastal Fluxes in the Anthropocene by : Christopher J. Crossland

Download or read book Coastal Fluxes in the Anthropocene written by Christopher J. Crossland and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-10-24 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book synthesizes knowledge of coastal and riverine material fluxes, biogeochemical processes and indications of change, both natural, and increasingly human-initiated. Here, the authors assess coastal flux in the past and present, and in future under the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change (IHDP) and the LOICZ II (Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone) Project.

Global Change and Baltic Coastal Zones

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400704003
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Change and Baltic Coastal Zones by : Gerald Schernewski

Download or read book Global Change and Baltic Coastal Zones written by Gerald Schernewski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-31 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change and ongoing transformation processes in economy and agriculture will have strong and multiple impacts in the Baltic region. In particular coastal zones face increasing hazards, e.g. due to sea level rise or changes in riverine nutrient loads and eutrophication. These changes also offer a wide range of new opportunities in the Baltic Region. Adaptation measures are needed but require a thorough and spatially differentiated understanding of underlying ecological, economic and social processes. Sixteen contributions by authors from eight countries give a comprehensive overview of these changes, their consequences and practical challenges with focus on coastal zones. Besides risks, the chances and opportunities of changes for the region are addressed and adaptation examples and strategies are given. The practitioners’ perspective and their demands are integrated in the various contributions.

Environmental Science in the Coastal Zone

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309049806
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Science in the Coastal Zone by : National Research Council

Download or read book Environmental Science in the Coastal Zone written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assesses the dimensions of our scientific knowledge as it applies to environmental problems in the coastal zone. The volume contains 10 papers that cover different aspects of science, management, and public policy concerning the coastal zone. A consensus is presented on several key issues confronting science for developing a more holistic approach in managing this region's intense human activities and important natural resources.

Ocean Acidification

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030916155X
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean Acidification by : National Research Council

Download or read book Ocean Acidification written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings. Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.

Submarine Groundwater Discharge: Impacts on Coastal Ecosystem by Hidden Water and Dissolved Materials

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889665356
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Submarine Groundwater Discharge: Impacts on Coastal Ecosystem by Hidden Water and Dissolved Materials by : Makoto Taniguchi

Download or read book Submarine Groundwater Discharge: Impacts on Coastal Ecosystem by Hidden Water and Dissolved Materials written by Makoto Taniguchi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: