Pathogenicity Islands And The Evolution Of Pathogenic Microbes

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Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309131219
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-05-10 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Joshua Lederberg - scientist, Nobel laureate, visionary thinker, and friend of the Forum on Microbial Threats - died on February 2, 2008. It was in his honor that the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Microbial Threats convened a public workshop on May 20-21, 2008, to examine Dr. Lederberg's scientific and policy contributions to the marketplace of ideas in the life sciences, medicine, and public policy. The resulting workshop summary, Microbial Evolution and Co-Adaptation, demonstrates the extent to which conceptual and technological developments have, within a few short years, advanced our collective understanding of the microbiome, microbial genetics, microbial communities, and microbe-host-environment interactions.

Molecular Biology of the Cell

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780815332183
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of the Cell by :

Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pathogenicity Islands and the Evolution of Pathogenic Microbes

Author : J. Hacker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540426820
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis Pathogenicity Islands and the Evolution of Pathogenic Microbes by : J. Hacker

Download or read book Pathogenicity Islands and the Evolution of Pathogenic Microbes written by J. Hacker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-03-12 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been known for a number of years that not only pathogenicity islands but also plasmids and bacteriophages are able to carry genes whose products are involved in pathogenic processes. Accordingly, such elements and their products play an important role in pathogenesis due to the intestinal E. coli as well to Shigellae. Another interesting aspect which is reflected in different articles is that genomes evolve by acquisition of new pieces of DNA following gene transfer, but also by genome reduction. Different mechanisms include the deletion of sequences or the elimination of functions by the accumulation of point mutations or rearrangements.

The Comprehensive Sourcebook of Bacterial Protein Toxins

Author : Joseph E. Alouf
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080456987
Total Pages : 1072 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis The Comprehensive Sourcebook of Bacterial Protein Toxins by : Joseph E. Alouf

Download or read book The Comprehensive Sourcebook of Bacterial Protein Toxins written by Joseph E. Alouf and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-12-20 with total page 1072 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the major achievements and discoveries relevant to bacterial protein toxins since the turn of the new century illustrated by the discovery of more than fifty novel toxins (many of them identified through genome screening). The establishment of the three-dimensional crystal structure of more than 20 toxins during the same period offers deeper knowledge of structure-activity relationships and provides a framework to understand how toxins recognize receptors, penetrate membranes and interact with and modify intracellular substrates. - Edited by two of the most highly regarded experts in the field from the Institut Pasteur, France - 14 brand new chapters dedicated to coverage of historical and general aspects of toxinology - Includes the major toxins of both basic and clinical interest are described in depth - Details applied aspects of toxins such as therapy, vaccinology, and toolkits in cell biology - Evolutionary and functional aspects of bacterial toxins evaluated and summarized - Toxin applications in cell biology presented - Therapy (cancer therapy, dystonias) discussed - Vaccines (native and genetically engineered vaccines) featured - Toxins discussed as biological weapons, comprising chapters on anthrax, diphtheria, ricin etc.

Microbial Diversity in the Genomic Era

Author : Surajit Das
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128148500
Total Pages : 715 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Diversity in the Genomic Era by : Surajit Das

Download or read book Microbial Diversity in the Genomic Era written by Surajit Das and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Diversity in the Genomic Era presents insights on the techniques used for microbial taxonomy and phylogeny, along with their applications and respective pros and cons. Though many advanced techniques for the identification of any unknown bacterium are available in the genomics era, a far fewer number of the total microbial species have been discovered and identified to date. The assessment of microbial taxonomy and biosystematics techniques discovered and practiced in the current genomics era with suitable recommendations is the prime focus of this book. - Discusses the techniques used for microbial taxonomy and phylogeny with their applications and respective pros and cons - Reviews the evolving field of bacterial typing and the genomic technologies that enable comparative analysis of multiple genomes and the metagenomes of complex microbial environments - Provides a uniform, standard methodology for species designation

The Gut-Brain Axis

Author : Niall Hyland
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128025441
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gut-Brain Axis by : Niall Hyland

Download or read book The Gut-Brain Axis written by Niall Hyland and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gut-Brain Axis: Dietary, Probiotic, and Prebiotic Interventions on the Microbiota examines the potential for microbial manipulation as a therapeutic avenue in central nervous system disorders in which an altered microbiota has been implicated, and explores the mechanisms, sometimes common, by which the microbiota may contribute to such disorders. - Focuses on specific areas in which the microbiota has been implicated in gut-brain communication - Examines common mechanisms and pathways by which the microbiota may influence brain and behavior - Identifies novel therapeutic strategies targeted toward the microbiota in the management of brain activity and behavior

Salmonella Infections

Author : Pietro Mastroeni
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521835046
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Salmonella Infections by : Pietro Mastroeni

Download or read book Salmonella Infections written by Pietro Mastroeni and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-09 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salmonella enterica encompasses a diverse range of bacteria that cause a spectrum of diseases in many hosts. Advancements in prevention and treatment of S. enterica infections have at times been hampered by compartmentalization of research efforts and lack of multidisciplinary approaches. This book attempts to cover a diverse range of topics related to the biology of S. enterica infections, including epidemiological and clinical aspects, molecular pathogenesis, immunity to disease and vaccines. S. enterica infections are important zoonoses and therefore material on infections of animals and public health issues have also been considered. Each chapter can be read independently, but the full contents of the book will provide the reader with up-to-date knowledge on all the key aspects of salmonellosis in humans and animals. It will therefore be of interest to graduate students and researchers, as well as to clinicians, whose research focuses on this important pathogen.

Ending the War Metaphor

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309180120
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Ending the War Metaphor by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Ending the War Metaphor written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-06-09 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases have existed longer than us, as long as us, or are relatively newer than us. It may be the case that a disease has existed for many, many years but has only recently begun affecting humans. At the turn of the century the number of deaths caused by infections in the United States had been falling steadily but since the '80s has seen an increase. In the past 30 years alone 37 new pathogens have been identified as human disease threats and 12% of known human pathogens have been classified as either emerging or remerging. Whatever the story, there is currently a "war" on infectious diseases. This war is simply the systematic search for the microbial "cause" of each disease, followed by the development of antimicrobial therapies. The "war" on infectious diseases, however, must be revisited in order to develop a more realistic and detailed picture of the dynamic interactions among and between host organisms and their diverse populations of microbes. Only a fraction of these microbes are pathogens. Thus, in order to explore the crafting of a new metaphor for host-microbe relationships, and to consider how such a new perspective might inform and prioritize biomedical research, the Forum on Microbial Threats of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) convened the workshop, Ending the War Metaphor: The Changing Agenda for Unraveling the Host-Microbe Relationship on March 16-17, 2005. Workshop participants examined knowledge and approaches to learning about the bacterial inhabitants of the human gut, the best known host-microbe system, as well as findings from studies of microbial communities associated with other mammals, fish, plants, soil, and insects. The perspective adopted by this workshop is one that recognizes the breadth and diversity of host-microbe relationships beyond those relative few that result in overt disease. Included in this summary are the reports and papers of individuals participating in the Forum as well as the views of the editors.

Bacteria: A Very Short Introduction

Author : Sebastian G. B. Amyes
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191654086
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Bacteria: A Very Short Introduction by : Sebastian G. B. Amyes

Download or read book Bacteria: A Very Short Introduction written by Sebastian G. B. Amyes and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-05-30 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteria form a fundamental branch of life. They are the oldest forms of life as we know it, and they are still the most prolific living organisms. They inhabit every part of the Earth's surface, its ocean depths, and even terrains such as boiling hot springs. They are most familiar as agents of disease, but benign bacteria are critical to the recycling of elements and all ecology, as well as to human health. In this Very Short Introduction, Sebastian Amyes explores the nature of bacteria, their origin and evolution, bacteria in the environment, and bacteria and disease. In looking at our efforts to manage co-evolving bacteria, he also considers the challenges of resistance to antibiotics. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Molecular Basis of Bacterial Pathogenesis

Author : Barbara H. Iglewski
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323148670
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Basis of Bacterial Pathogenesis by : Barbara H. Iglewski

Download or read book Molecular Basis of Bacterial Pathogenesis written by Barbara H. Iglewski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1990-01-01 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Basis of Bacterial Pathogenesis focuses on the molecular mechanism of disease associated with bacterial pathogens. Topics covered include the population genetics of bacterial pathogenesis; environmental modulation of gene expression in gram-negative pathogens; and bacterial invasion and intracellular growth. Bacterial toxins are also discussed. This volume is comprised of 20 chapters and begins with an overview of pathogenesis, paying particular attention to common elements and genetic mechanisms of regulation. The discovery that many bacterial pathogens are clonal, with individual clones often having a greater virulence than others, is then considered. The next section deals with the regulation of synthesis of surface components and their role in colonization of the host and/or evasion of the host immune defense systems; antigenic variation and its role in evasion of the host immune response; and the role of iron acquisition systems in the colonization of the host. Subsequent chapters explore the invasion and intracellular growth of facultative and obligate intracellular parasites. The last section is devoted to studies on the role of bacterial toxic products in pathogenesis. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) and exotoxins are described. This book should be of interest to molecular biologists, physiologists, clinical specialists, pathologists, and geneticists.

Bacterial Pathogenesis

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080860567
Total Pages : 643 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Bacterial Pathogenesis by :

Download or read book Bacterial Pathogenesis written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1998-07-01 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Established almost 30 years ago, Methods in Microbiology is the most prestigious series devoted to techniques and methodology in the field. Now totally revamped, revitalized, with a new format and expanded scope, Methods in Microbiology will continue to provide you with tried and tested, cutting-edge protocols to directly benefit your research. - Focuses on the methods most useful for the microbiologist interested in the way in which bacteria cause disease - Includes section devoted to 'Approaches to characterising pathogenic mechanisms' by Stanley Falkow - Covers safety aspects, detection, identification and speciation - Includes techniques for the study of host interactions and reactions in animals and plants - Describes biochemical and molecular genetic approaches - Essential methods for gene expression and analysis - Covers strategies and problems for disease control

Bacterial Chromatin

Author : Remus T. Dame
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 1071639307
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (716 download)

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Book Synopsis Bacterial Chromatin by : Remus T. Dame

Download or read book Bacterial Chromatin written by Remus T. Dame and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Pangenome

Author : Hervé Tettelin
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030382818
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pangenome by : Hervé Tettelin

Download or read book The Pangenome written by Hervé Tettelin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book offers the first comprehensive account of the pan-genome concept and its manifold implications. The realization that the genetic repertoire of a biological species always encompasses more than the genome of each individual is one of the earliest examples of big data in biology that opened biology to the unbounded. The study of genetic variation observed within a species challenges existing views and has profound consequences for our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underpinning bacterial biology and evolution. The underlying rationale extends well beyond the initial prokaryotic focus to all kingdoms of life and evolves into similar concepts for metagenomes, phenomes and epigenomes. The book’s respective chapters address a range of topics, from the serendipitous emergence of the pan-genome concept and its impacts on the fields of microbiology, vaccinology and antimicrobial resistance, to the study of microbial communities, bioinformatic applications and mathematical models that tie in with complex systems and economic theory. Given its scope, the book will appeal to a broad readership interested in population dynamics, evolutionary biology and genomics.

Environmental Genomics

Author : C. Cristofre Martin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1588297772
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (882 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Genomics by : C. Cristofre Martin

Download or read book Environmental Genomics written by C. Cristofre Martin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-18 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a manual for an environmental scientist who wishes to embrace genomics to answer environmental questions. The volume covers: gene expression profiling, whole genome and chromosome mutation detection, and methods to assay genome diversity and polymorphisms within a particular environment. This book provides a systematic framework for determining environmental impact and ensuring human health and the sustainability of natural populations.

Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309091225
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens by : National Research Council

Download or read book Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-19 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent and forecasted advances in microbiology, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry have made it timely to reassess the current paradigm of relying predominantly or exclusively on traditional bacterial indicators for all types of waterborne pathogens.Â Nonetheless, indicator approaches will still be required for the foreseeable future because it is not practical or feasible to monitor for the complete spectrum of microorganisms that may occur in water, and many known pathogens are difficult to detect directly and reliably in water samples.Â This comprehensive report recommends the development and use of a "tool box" approach by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency and others for assessing microbial water quality in which available indicator organisms (and/or pathogens in some cases) and detection method(s) are matched to the requirements of a particular application.Â The report further recommends the use of a phased, three-level monitoring framework to support the selection of indicators and indicator approaches.Â

Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis

Author : Eduardo A. Groisman
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080539580
Total Pages : 863 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis by : Eduardo A. Groisman

Download or read book Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis written by Eduardo A. Groisman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2001-01-09 with total page 863 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis presents a molecular perspective on a select group of bacterial pathogens by having the leaders of the field present their perspective in a clear and authoritative manner. Each chapter contains a comprehensive review devoted to a single pathogen. Several chapters include work from authors outside the pathogenesis field, providing general perspectives on the evolution, regulation, and secretion of virulence and determinants. - Explains the basic principles of bacterial pathogenesis - Covers diverse aspects integrating regulation, cellular microbiology and evolution of microbial disease of humans - Discusses current strategies for the identification of virulence determinants and the methods used by microbes to deliver virulence factors - Presents authoritative treatises of the major disease microorganisms

Foodborne Pathogens

Author : Joshua B. Gurtler
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319568361
Total Pages : 653 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Foodborne Pathogens by : Joshua B. Gurtler

Download or read book Foodborne Pathogens written by Joshua B. Gurtler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-14 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foodborne illnesses continue to be a major public health concern. All members of a particular bacterial genera (e.g., Salmonella, Campylobacter) or species (e.g., Listeria monocytogenes, Cronobacter sakazakii) are often treated by public health and regulatory agencies as being equally pathogenic; however, this is not necessarily true and is an overly conservative approach to ensuring the safety of foods. Even within species, virulence factors vary to the point that some isolates may be highly virulent, whereas others may rarely, if ever, cause disease in humans. Hence, many food safety scientists have concluded that a more appropriate characterization of bacterial isolates for public health purposes could be by virotyping, i.e., typing food-associated bacteria on the basis of their virulence factors. The book is divided into two sections. Section I, “Foodborne Pathogens and Virulence Factors,” hones in on specific virulence factors of foodborne pathogens and the role they play in regulatory requirements, recalls, and foodborne illness. The oft-held paradigm that all pathogenic strains are equally virulent is untrue. Thus, we will examine variability in virulence between strains such as Listeria, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Cronobacter, etc. This section also examines known factors capable of inducing greater virulence in foodborne pathogens. Section II, “Foodborne Pathogens, Host Susceptibility, and Infectious Dose” , covers the ability of a pathogen to invade a human host based on numerous extraneous factors relative to the host and the environment. Some of these factors include host age, immune status, genetic makeup, infectious dose, food composition and probiotics. Readers of this book will come away with a better understanding of foodborne bacterial pathogen virulence factors and pathogenicity, and host factors that predict the severity of disease in humans.