Parkinsons Disease Genes Orchestrate Mechanisms Of Mitochondrial Quality Control

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Parkinson's Disease Genes Orchestrate Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Quality Control

Author : Gian-Luca McLelland
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Parkinson's Disease Genes Orchestrate Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Quality Control by : Gian-Luca McLelland

Download or read book Parkinson's Disease Genes Orchestrate Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Quality Control written by Gian-Luca McLelland and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A functional mitochondrial network is cardinal to cellular fitness, and declines in mitochondrial function are linked to neurodegeneration, most notably the motor disorder Parkinson's disease. Two genes mutated in autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism, PARKIN and PINK1, work together to maintain mitochondrial health in vivo. Study over the past decade has revealed that PARKIN and PINK1 constitute a molecular system that recognizes and destroys damaged mitochondria via the autophagy pathway, in a process known as mitophagy. By removing dysfunctional organelles from the reticulum via this quality control mechanism, the PARKIN/PINK1 pathway protects the integrity of the mitochondrial network. The work comprised within this thesis delves into the mechanism of PINK1/PARKIN mitochondrial quality control. Firstly, it is shown that, in addition to mitophagy, PARKIN and PINK1 function in a second quality control mechanism that oversees the removal of damaged mitochondrial components, preserving mitochondrial function in the absence of organellar destruction. Selected, damaged mitochondrial cargo are extracted from the organelle via a class of mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs), which are shuttled to the lysosome for turnover in a manner involving classical membrane fusion factors. Secondly, the work here demonstrates that uncoupling of mitochondria from the endoplasmic reticulum via the destruction of a tethering factor represents an important step in the mitophagic cascade. Together, these findings have furthered our understanding regarding the cellular toolkit that maintains mitochondrial health, and how its deterioration can lead to neurodegenerative disease." --

The Case of the Frozen Addicts

Author : J.W. Langston
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 1614993327
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (149 download)

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Book Synopsis The Case of the Frozen Addicts by : J.W. Langston

Download or read book The Case of the Frozen Addicts written by J.W. Langston and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the summer of 1982, hospital emergency rooms in the San Francisco Bay Area were suddenly confronted with mysteriously “frozen” patients – young men and women who, though conscious, could neither move nor speak. Doctors were baffled, until neurologist J. William Langston, recognizing the symptoms of advanced Parkinson’s disease, administered L-dopa – the only known effective treatment – and “unfroze” his patient. Dr. Langston determined that this patient and five others had all used the same tainted batch of synthetic heroin, inadvertently laced with a toxin that had destroyed an area of their brains essential to normal movement. This same area, the substantia nigra, slowly deteriorates in Parkinson’s disease. As scientists raced to capitalize on this breakthrough, Dr. Langston struggled to salvage the lives of his frozen patients, for whom L-dopa provided only short-term relief. The solution he found lay in the most daring area of research: fetal-tissue transplants. The astonishing recovery of two of his patients garnered worldwide press coverage, helped overturn federal restrictions on fetal-tissue research, and offered hope to millions suffering from Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and other degenerative brain disorders. This is the story behind the headline – a spellbinding account that brings to life the intellectual excitement, ethical dilemmas, and fierce competitiveness of medical research. This new updated edition of the classic neurological mystery tale, “The Case of the Frozen Addicts,” illuminates how the solution to a baffling mystery of the brain’s chemistry opened a new frontier in medicine and restored life to people without hope. “It begins with a series of quixotic discoveries, escalates to providing possible solutions for one of humanity’s most intractable medical problems, and then catapults the reader into the center of America’s hottest political arena – abortion and fetal sanctity. Bravo! A brilliant read.” – Laurie Garrett, author of The Coming Plague “[Langston and Palfreman] weave a highly readable and spellbinding medical detective tale... It is as absorbing as a good mystery, as entertaining as an exciting novel, and as enlightening as a good biography.” – Stanley Fahn, New England Journal of Medicine “I could not put it down... it is the lives of the ‘frozen addicts’ themselves – and the fullness with which this is presented – which makes the whole thing overwhelming.” – Oliver Sacks

DJ-1/PARK7 Protein

Author : Hiroyoshi Ariga
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811065837
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis DJ-1/PARK7 Protein by : Hiroyoshi Ariga

Download or read book DJ-1/PARK7 Protein written by Hiroyoshi Ariga and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-16 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the functions and roles of DJ-1 in various oxidative stress-related diseases and applications of DJ-1 and its binding compounds to the diseases. The DJ-1 gene was first found to be a novel oncogene in 1997 and later, in 2003, also found to be a causative gene for a familial form of Parkinson’s disease (PD), park7. The DJ-1 gene is therefore the first gene discovered that is known to cause cancer and neurodenegerative diseases, including PD. The research field has expanded as the research has developed. Thus this volume begins with a general introduction of DJ-1, and explains the history and research development to understand the following chapters. Those chapters present the roles of DJ-1 in various oxidative stress-related diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, as well as cancer, diabetes, and fertility. Moreover, several chapters present evidence that DJ-1 is useful for therapeutic strategies against these diseases. The reader will discover that DJ-1 is a promising protein both for basic cell biology and for the mechanism and therapy for oxidative stress-related diseases.

Mitochondrial Function

Author : William S. Allison
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (639 download)

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Book Synopsis Mitochondrial Function by : William S. Allison

Download or read book Mitochondrial Function written by William S. Allison and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Integrative approach to Parkinson’s disease

Author : Hi-Joon Park
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889634094
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrative approach to Parkinson’s disease by : Hi-Joon Park

Download or read book Integrative approach to Parkinson’s disease written by Hi-Joon Park and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-30 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

SUMOylation and Ubiquitination

Author : Van G. Wilson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781912530120
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis SUMOylation and Ubiquitination by : Van G. Wilson

Download or read book SUMOylation and Ubiquitination written by Van G. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2019-09 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most proteins undergo post-translational modifications altering physical and chemical properties, folding, conformation distribution, stability, activity and function. Ubiquitin and SUMOs are related small proteins that are members of the large ubiquitin superfamily of post-translational modifiers. Written by highly respected leaders in their fields under the expert guidance of the editor, this volume covers the principles of ubiquitination and SUMOylation, presents detailed reviews of current and emerging concepts and highlights new advances in all areas of SUMOylation and ubiquitination. Topics of note include: the ubiquitin superfamily, the ubiquitin toolbox, onco viral exploitation of the SUMO system, small molecule modulators of desumoylation, mass spectrometry, global proteomic profiling of SUMO and ubiquitin, biotin-based approaches, genetic screening, SUMOylation networks in humans, targets for ubiquitin ligases, regulation of p53, protein homeostasis, miRNAs, DNA replication, DNA damage response, telomere biology, intracellular trafficking, regulation of angiogenesis, brain ischemia, autophagy, assembly and activity, antiviral defense, HIV infection, amyloid and amyloid-like proteins, plant immunity. This comprehensive and up-to-date book is the definitive reference volume on all aspects of SUMOylation and ubiquitination and is an essential acquisition for anyone involved in this area of biology.

Signaling by Toll-Like Receptors

Author : Gregory W. Konat
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420043196
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Signaling by Toll-Like Receptors by : Gregory W. Konat

Download or read book Signaling by Toll-Like Receptors written by Gregory W. Konat and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-06-20 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery of toll-like receptors (TLRs) spurred the field of innate immunity into a renaissance after many years of neglect. Since then, TLR research has grown at an exponential rate. Taking an integrated methodological approach, Signaling by Toll-Like Receptors offers a comprehensive review of important techniques in molecular biology,

The Liver

Author : Irwin M. Arias
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119436826
Total Pages : 1156 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis The Liver by : Irwin M. Arias

Download or read book The Liver written by Irwin M. Arias and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 1156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridging the gap between basic scientific advances and the understanding of liver disease — the extensively revised new edition of the premier text in the field. The latest edition of The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology remains a definitive volume in the field of hepatology, relating advances in biomedical sciences and engineering to understanding of liver structure, function, and disease pathology and treatment. Contributions from leading researchers examine the cell biology of the liver, the pathobiology of liver disease, the liver’s growth, regeneration, metabolic functions, and more. Now in its sixth edition, this classic text has been exhaustively revised to reflect new discoveries in biology and their influence on diagnosing, managing, and preventing liver disease. Seventy new chapters — including substantial original sections on liver cancer and groundbreaking advances that will have significant impact on hepatology — provide comprehensive, fully up-to-date coverage of both the current state and future direction of hepatology. Topics include liver RNA structure and function, gene editing, single-cell and single-molecule genomic analyses, the molecular biology of hepatitis, drug interactions and engineered drug design, and liver disease mechanisms and therapies. Edited by globally-recognized experts in the field, this authoritative volume: Relates molecular physiology to understanding disease pathology and treatment Links the science and pathology of the liver to practical clinical applications Features 16 new “Horizons” chapters that explore new and emerging science and technology Includes plentiful full-color illustrations and figures The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology, Sixth Edition is an indispensable resource for practicing and trainee hepatologists, gastroenterologists, hepatobiliary and liver transplant surgeons, and researchers and scientists in areas including hepatology, cell and molecular biology, virology, and drug metabolism.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Author : Lawrence H. Lash
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483218619
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Mitochondrial Dysfunction by : Lawrence H. Lash

Download or read book Mitochondrial Dysfunction written by Lawrence H. Lash and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods in Toxicology, Volume 2: Mitochondrial Dysfunction provides a source of methods, techniques, and experimental approaches for studying the role of abnormal mitochondrial function in cell injury. The book discusses the methods for the preparation and basic functional assessment of mitochondria from liver, kidney, muscle, and brain; the methods for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in intact organs; and the structural aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction are addressed. The text also describes chemical detoxification and metabolism as well as specific metabolic reactions that are especially important targets or indicators of damage. The methods for measurement of alterations in fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism and for the analysis and manipulation of oxidative injury and antioxidant systems are also considered. The book further tackles additional methods on mitochondrial energetics and transport processes; approaches for assessing impaired function of mitochondria; and genetic and developmental aspects of mitochondrial disease and toxicology. The text also looks into mitochondrial DNA synthesis, covalent binding to mitochondrial DNA, DNA repair, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of developing individuals and cellular differentiation. Microbiologists, toxicologists, biochemists, and molecular pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.

Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2)

Author : Hardy J. Rideout
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319499696
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) by : Hardy J. Rideout

Download or read book Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) written by Hardy J. Rideout and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to assemble the leading researchers in the field of LRRK2 biology and neurology and provide a snapshot of the current state of knowledge, encompassing all major aspects of its function and dysfunction. The contributors are experts in cell biology and physiology, neurobiology, and medicinal chemistry, bringing a multidisciplinary perspective on the gene and its role in disease. The book covers the identification of LRRK2 as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. It also discusses the current state of the field after a decade of research, putative normal physiological roles of LRRK2, and the various pathways that have been identified in the search for the mechanism(s) of its induction of neurodegeneration.

Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Author : James A. Dykens
Publisher : Wiley-Interscience
ISBN 13 : 9780470111314
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction by : James A. Dykens

Download or read book Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction written by James A. Dykens and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 2008-09-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the definitive, one-stop resource on preclinical drug evaluation for potential mitochondrial toxicity, addressing the issue upfront in the drug development process. It discusses mitochondrial impairment to organs, skeletal muscle, and nervous systems and details methodologies used to assess mitochondria function. It covers both in vitro and in vivo methods for analysis and includes the latest models. This is the authoritative reference on drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction for safety assessment professionals in the pharmaceutical industry and for pharmacologists and toxicologists in both drug and environmental health sciences.

Translocator Protein (TSPO)

Author : Giovanni Natile
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038427578
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Translocator Protein (TSPO) by : Giovanni Natile

Download or read book Translocator Protein (TSPO) written by Giovanni Natile and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Translocator Protein (TSPO)" that was published in IJMS

Protein Homeostasis

Author : Richard I. Morimoto
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781936113064
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Protein Homeostasis by : Richard I. Morimoto

Download or read book Protein Homeostasis written by Richard I. Morimoto and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proper folding of proteins is crucial for cell function. Chaperones and enzymes that post-translationally modify newly synthesized proteins help ensure that proteins fold correctly, and the unfolded protein response functions as a homeostatic mechanism that removes misfolded proteins when cells are stressed. This book covers the entire spectrum of proteostasis in healthy cells and the diseases that result when control of protein production, protein folding, and protein degradation goes awry.

Extracellular and Intracellular Signaling

Author : James D. Adams
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849731608
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Extracellular and Intracellular Signaling by : James D. Adams

Download or read book Extracellular and Intracellular Signaling written by James D. Adams and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2011 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intracellular cell signaling is a well understood process. However, extracellular signals such as hormones, adipokines, cytokines and neurotransmitters are just as important but have been largely ignored in other works. Aimed at medical professionals and pharmaceutical specialists, this book integrates extracellular and intracellular signalling processes and offers a fresh perspective on new drug targets.

Brain Disorders in Critical Illness

Author : Robert D. Stevens
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107434424
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Disorders in Critical Illness by : Robert D. Stevens

Download or read book Brain Disorders in Critical Illness written by Robert D. Stevens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain dysfunction is a major clinical problem in intensive care, with potentially debilitating long-term consequences for post-ICU patients of any age. The resulting extended length of stay in the ICU and post-discharge cognitive dysfunction are now recognized as major healthcare burdens. This comprehensive clinical text provides intensivists and neurologists with a practical review of the pathophysiology of brain dysfunction and a thorough account of the diagnostic and therapeutic options available. Initial sections review the epidemiology, outcomes, relevant behavioral neurology and biological mechanisms of brain dysfunction. Subsequent sections evaluate the available diagnostic options and preventative and therapeutic interventions, with a final section on clinical encephalopathy syndromes encountered in the ICU. Each chapter is rich in illustrations, with an executive summary and a helpful glossary of terms. Brain Disorders in Critical Illness is a seminal reference for all physicians and neuroscientists interested in the care and outcome of severely ill patients.

Run in the Light

Author : John Mitrofanis
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1643277200
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis Run in the Light by : John Mitrofanis

Download or read book Run in the Light written by John Mitrofanis and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder with cardinal motor signs of resting tremor, bradykinesia and lead-pipe rigidity. In addition, many patients display non-motor symptoms, including a diminished sensation of smell, gastrointestinal problems, various disorders of sleep and some cognitive impairment. These clinical features - particularly the motor signs - manifest after a progressive death of many dopaminergic neurones in the brain. Although currently available, conventional therapies can reduce the signs of the disease, the progression of this neuronal death has proved difficult to slow or stop, and the condition is relentlessly progressive. Hence, there is a real need to develop a treatment that is neuroprotective, one that slows the pathology of the disease effectively. At present, there are several neuroprotective therapies in the experimental pipeline, but these are for the patients of tomorrow. This book focuses on two therapies that are readily available for the patients of today. They involve the use of exercise and light (i.e. photobiomodulation, the use of red to infrared light therapy (λ=600-1070nm) on body tissues). The two therapies are tied together in several ways. First, in animal models of Parkinson's disease, they each have been shown to offer the key feature of neuroprotection, stimulating a series of built-in protective mechanisms within the neurones, that helps their survival, to self-protect and/or self-repair. There are also some promising indications of neuroprotection and many beneficial outcomes in parkinsonian patients. Further, both exercise and light therapies are similar in that they are non-invasive and safe to use, with no known adverse side-effects, making their combination with the conventional therapies, such as dopamine replacement drug therapy and deep brain stimulation, all the more feasible. Given the heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease in humans, tackling the condition from a range of different angles - with a number of different therapies - would only serve to enhance the positive outcomes. This book considers the use of exercise and light therapies, proposing that they have the potential to make a powerful "dynamic duo", offering a most effective neuroprotective treatment option to patients.

Plant Mitochondria

Author : Olivier Van Aken
Publisher : Humana
ISBN 13 : 9781071616529
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Mitochondria by : Olivier Van Aken

Download or read book Plant Mitochondria written by Olivier Van Aken and published by Humana. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed volume presents a wide range of techniques for plant mitochondrial analysis, ranging from tried-and-tested work horse techniques to the latest innovations. Within its pages, it explores subjects such as affinity-based isolation of mitochondria with magnetic beads, mitochondrial quality assessment protocols, measurement of uptake and release of specific metabolites, mitochondrial protein identification and visualization, as well as gene splicing and editing, and much more. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Plant Mitochondria: Methods and Protocols provides a highly useful set of methodologies for the plant mitochondrial community to help discover more interesting aspects of plant mitochondria in the years to come.