Parenting Stress In Caregivers Of Young Children With Concerns About Asd Prior To A Formal Diagnostic Evaluation

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Parenting Stress in Caregivers of Young Children with Concerns about ASD Prior to a Formal Diagnostic Evaluation

Author : Trent D. DesChamps
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting Stress in Caregivers of Young Children with Concerns about ASD Prior to a Formal Diagnostic Evaluation by : Trent D. DesChamps

Download or read book Parenting Stress in Caregivers of Young Children with Concerns about ASD Prior to a Formal Diagnostic Evaluation written by Trent D. DesChamps and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robust findings demonstrate that parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience high levels of parenting stress that are related to negative outcomes for families. Although the majority of research on parenting stress has focused on parents of children with a current ASD diagnosis, parents of young children with concerns about ASD-related behaviors also face many unique challenges before the child receives a formal ASD diagnostic evaluation. However, no study to date has examined patterns of parenting stress among parents of children with ASD concerns prior to a formal ASD diagnosis. Therefore, the current study investigated longitudinal trajectories of parenting stress among parents of young children with ASD concerns compared to parents of children with non-ASD developmental concerns (e.g., language delay), and parents of children with no developmental concerns. Known predictors of parenting stress were also examined. Results revealed that parents of children with ASD concerns experienced consistently higher levels of parenting stress across early child development compared to parents of children with non-ASD developmental concerns and children with no concerns. Additionally, parenting efficacy, parent psychological functioning, parent social quality of life, and child social communication behaviors predicted levels of parenting stress for all parents.

Outcomes Among Caregivers of Toddlers with ASD Concerns Following Implementation of Screen-Refer-Treat, a Novel Service Delivery Model for Early ASD Detection and Intervention

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Author : Trent DesChamps
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)

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Book Synopsis Outcomes Among Caregivers of Toddlers with ASD Concerns Following Implementation of Screen-Refer-Treat, a Novel Service Delivery Model for Early ASD Detection and Intervention by : Trent DesChamps

Download or read book Outcomes Among Caregivers of Toddlers with ASD Concerns Following Implementation of Screen-Refer-Treat, a Novel Service Delivery Model for Early ASD Detection and Intervention written by Trent DesChamps and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends early ASD screening in primary care settings (Hyman et al., 2020) and evidence demonstrates that specialized early interventions lead to more optimal outcomes among children with ASD (Landa, 2018). However, rates of early ASD screening in the community remain low and many families face barriers to getting an ASD diagnostic evaluation and access to specialized intervention services. As such, caregivers report that the pre-diagnosis period is marked by uncertainty and overwhelming worry (Mulligan, MacCulloch, Good, & Nicholas, 2012), and previous research suggests a link between caregiver wellbeing and the quality of care services for children with ASD (Parker & Killian, 2020). To address these challenges, ongoing implementation efforts are aimed at increasing ASD screening and evidence-based early interventions in the community (Broder Fingert et al., 2019). Aligned with these efforts, a novel service delivery model, Screen-Refer-Treat (SRT; Ibañez et al, 2019), was developed and implmemented in 4 Washington State counties to increase use of the M-CHAT-R/F (Robins et al., 2014) at 18-month well-child primary care visits and expedite delivery of ASD early intervention (i.e., Reciprocal Imitation Training; Ingersoll, 2010) within Part C early intervention (EI) programs for toddlers who screen at-risk for ASD, but who have not yet received a formal ASD diagnostic evaluation. To implement SRT, primary care providers and EI providers received training on SRT components. Two separate cohorts of families were recruited - one before providers received SRT training and one following SRT training - to assess family outcomes before and after SRT was implemented. Families either had a child with ASD concerns (ASD-C), non-ASD developmental concerns (e.g., motor delays, DEV-C), or no developmental concerns (NO-C). The present study compared caregiver quality of life, parenting stress, parenting self-efficacy, and family-centered care between ASD-C, DEV-C, and NO-C caregivers who were either exposed (i.e., post-SRT cohort) or not exposed to SRT (i.e., pre-SRT cohort). Parenting self-efficacy and family-centered care did not differ between the three groups of caregivers or between the pre-SRT and post-SRT cohorts. Consistent with previous work (DesChamps, Ibañez, Edmunds, Dick, & Stone, 2020), results revealed that ASD-C caregivers in both cohorts reported higher levels of parenting stress compared to DEV-C and NO-C caregivers. Within the pre-SRT cohort, ASD-C caregivers reported lower quality of life compared to DEV-C and NO-C caregivers. However, quality of life was higher among ASD-C caregivers in the post-SRT cohort such that there was no longer a difference in quality of life among ASD-C, DEV-C, and NO-C caregivers following SRT implementation. This study provides preliminary evidence that implementation of the SRT service delivery model may have a positive impact on the wellbeing of caregivers of young children with ASD concerns. Results and limitations are further discussed.

Determinants of Quality of Life in Caregivers of Children with Autism and Autism Concerns

Author : Colleen M. Harker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Determinants of Quality of Life in Caregivers of Children with Autism and Autism Concerns by : Colleen M. Harker

Download or read book Determinants of Quality of Life in Caregivers of Children with Autism and Autism Concerns written by Colleen M. Harker and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the unique demands of raising a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it is necessary to understand the impact on the quality of life (QoL) of their caregivers. Though QoL is considered an important outcome in health services research (Moons et al., 2006; Oliveira, Carvalho, & Esteves 2016), there is a lack of knowledge about QoL in caregivers of children with ASD or caregivers of children for whom there are ASD concerns, but no formal diagnosis. The objectives of the current study were to (1) Examine how having a young child with ASD or ASD concerns affects caregiver QoL, relative to children with other developmental concerns and typical development; (2) Examine profiles across QoL domains within each caregiver group to determine which QoL domains were most impacted relative to other domains; (3) Examine to what extent three levels of determinants contribute to caregiver QoL: family demographic (child age, family income, caregiver employment status, number of children in the home), psychological (parenting stress), and health care (family-centered care); and 4) (Exploratory) Examine the extent to which family centered care moderates the relation between parenting stress and QoL. The sample was drawn from a larger NIH study examining screening and referral practices for children with ASD in primary care provider (PCP) practices and early intervention (EI) agencies in Washington State. The sample was comprised of three groups: caregivers of children with ASD or ASD concerns (ASD/ASD Concerns; n = 42), caregivers of children with other developmental concerns (Other Concerns; n = 34), and caregivers of children with typical development (No Concerns; n = 112). Caregivers completed a measure of family demographics, parenting stress, family-centered care, and QoL at their time of entry in the study. Results indicated that caregivers in the ASD/ASD Concerns group reported significantly lower Psychological and Social QoL than caregivers in the Other Concerns group and the No Concerns group, and significantly lower Environmental QoL and Physical QoL than caregivers in the No Concerns group (Objective 1). For caregivers in the ASD/ASD Concerns group, Social QoL was significantly lower than Environmental and Physical QoL and Psychological QoL was significantly lower than Environmental QoL (Objective 2). Income, parenting stress, and family-centered care were significant predictors for all four QoL domains, while the number of children residing in the home was a significant predictor for Physical QoL only. There was also a significant group by stress interaction for Environmental QoL, such that there was a stronger negative relationship between parenting stress and Environmental QoL for caregivers in the ASD/ASD Concerns group compared to caregivers in the No Concerns group (Objective 3). Family-centered care did not moderate the relationship between parenting stress and QoL as predicted (Objective 4). Overall, these findings suggest that future research is needed to determine how to provide additional support to all caregivers, particularly low-income families and caregivers who are experiencing high levels of parenting stress and low levels of family-centered care.

Parenting Stress in Parents of Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Role of Child Characteristics and Social Support

Author : Lauren D Haisley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting Stress in Parents of Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Role of Child Characteristics and Social Support by : Lauren D Haisley

Download or read book Parenting Stress in Parents of Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Role of Child Characteristics and Social Support written by Lauren D Haisley and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current study drew on the Double ABCX model of stress to explore the relationship between parenting stress in parents of children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and factors contributing to heightened levels of stress. Specifically child characteristics, pile-up demands, external resources and parent perception were examined in cross-sectional samples of parents of children 2 (Time 1), 4 (Time 2) and 8 (Time 3) years of age. Additionally a comparison sample of parents of 2 year olds with a developmental delay (DD), and two longitudinal subsamples (2-4 and 4-8) were utilized. Prior to the childâ€™s diagnosis (Time 1), parenting stress was associated with the parentâ€™s perceptions, specifically concerns about the childâ€™s development. In the comparison DD sample, parenting stress was most related to social support. Changes in parenting stress over time were found to be associated with changes in adaptive skills, specifically parent-reported daily living and social skills. Contrary to hypotheses, social support was not found to be related to parenting stress at any time point in the ASD groups. Potential explanations for the varied contributors to parenting stress, as well as clinical implications are addressed.

Diagnosing and Caring for the Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Tina Iyama-Kurtycz
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030265315
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Diagnosing and Caring for the Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Tina Iyama-Kurtycz

Download or read book Diagnosing and Caring for the Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Tina Iyama-Kurtycz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique resource is designed to be a practical, user-friendly guide for pediatricians, primary care providers, and all healthcare providers who work with children with autism spectrum disorder. Diagnosing and Caring for the Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder offers state-of-the art instruction to clinicians on how to recognize, diagnose and assist children with autism spectrum disorders, from early in life to transition to adulthood. This book will also delve into how to support pediatric patients by working with families, and discuss how to best interact with and support these families. The book opens with a comprehensive introduction of ASD and obstacles to diagnosis and common myths. Section Two is devoted to the early recognition of atypical development and reviews the steps in diagnosing autism, including the evaluation, the diagnostic visit, the developmental exam, and the discussion of findings with parents. Section Three covers treatment and interventions for the autism spectrum and includes a discussion on alternative therapies and how to direct parents toward evidence-based or plausible treatments. Section Four and Five addresses special topics that are relevant to the PCP’s or pediatrician’s long-term relationship with families, including chapters on anxiety, parents, challenging behaviors and common scenarios that occur across childhood for those who have ASD. Later chapters delve more deeply into providing informed, sensitive care for patients with intersecting identities, and discusses how gender identity and cultural perspective and attitudes can impact the pediatric patient with ASD. Engaging, and written in a conversational style, Diagnosing and Caring for the Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder will be an ideal resource for the pediatrician, primary care provider, and all healthcare providers working with children with ASD, providing concrete, step-by-step methods that readers can incorporate into their own practice.

Handbook of Parent-Implemented Interventions for Very Young Children with Autism

Author : Michael Siller
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319909940
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Parent-Implemented Interventions for Very Young Children with Autism by : Michael Siller

Download or read book Handbook of Parent-Implemented Interventions for Very Young Children with Autism written by Michael Siller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook offers practical strategies and evidence-based parent-implemented interventions for very young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It explores this important subject within the context of rapidly increasing numbers of toddlers who are diagnosed with ASD during the second year of life. The handbook discusses how parents of young children with ASD can effectively be supported, taught, and coached to implement evidence-based parenting strategies and intervention techniques, and describes a broad range of developmentally appropriate programs at the family, community, and service delivery levels. In addition, the handbook examines individual differences in parenting cognitions, emotions, and practices and proposes strategies for supporting the varying capacities of diverse families to meet the needs of young children with ASD. Chapters provide diverse coverage, spanning cultural/socio-economic differences as well as differences in family structure; parenting cognitions, emotions, and practices; parental learning styles; and access to social support. Featured topics include: Supporting families of high-risk infants who have an older sibling with ASD. The use of video feedback strategies in parent-mediated early ASD intervention. The Incredible Years (IY) Parent Program for preschool children with ASD and language delays. Self-help for parents of children with ASD. The Family Implemented TEACCH for Toddlers (FITT) support model. Parent-implemented interventions for underserved families in Taiwan. Family and provider-based interventions in South Asia. The Handbook of Parent-Implemented Interventions for Very Young Children with Autism is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/professionals, and graduate students in clinical child, school, and developmental psychology, family studies, behavioral therapy, and social work as well as rehabilitation medicine/therapy, child and adolescent psychiatry, pediatrics, and special education/educational psychology.

A Comprehensive Book on Autism Spectrum Disorders

Author : Mohammad-Reza Mohammadi
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9533074949
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Book on Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Mohammad-Reza Mohammadi

Download or read book A Comprehensive Book on Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Mohammad-Reza Mohammadi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the book is to serve for clinical, practical, basic and scholarly practices. In twentyfive chapters it covers the most important topics related to Autism Spectrum Disorders in the efficient way and aims to be useful for health professionals in training or clinicians seeking an update. Different people with autism can have very different symptoms. Autism is considered to be a "spectrum" disorder, a group of disorders with similar features. Some people may experience merely mild disturbances, while the others have very serious symptoms. This book is aimed to be used as a textbook for child and adolescent psychiatry fellowship training and will serve as a reference for practicing psychologists, child and adolescent psychiatrists, general psychiatrists, pediatricians, child neurologists, nurses, social workers and family physicians. A free access to the full-text electronic version of the book via Intech reading platform at http://www.intechweb.org is a great bonus.

Stress, Health Behaviors, and Health Outcomes in Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Ashley Holub
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)

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Book Synopsis Stress, Health Behaviors, and Health Outcomes in Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Ashley Holub

Download or read book Stress, Health Behaviors, and Health Outcomes in Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Ashley Holub and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder marked by communication limitations and behavioral features that vary broadly across individuals. The identification of ASD has increased by approximately 30% since 2008. As the identification of ASD continues to increase, similarly so does the number of caregivers of children with ASD, making this an important, and growing population. Since children with ASD may have a unique phenotypic profile of behaviors caregivers of children with ASD often face increased levels of stress, and experience higher levels of stress compared to other populations, including caregivers of children of other developmental disabilities. Chronic stress is a known risk factor for a wide range of chronic diseases, including cardiometabolic and mental health outcomes. Chronic stress may also influence health behaviors such as smoking, alcohol use and physical activity through coping mechanisms. The occurrence of chronic diseases and their risk factors in caregivers of children with ASD has not been well studied. There is a need to further investigate specific child behaviors as correlates of caregiver health and health behaviors. This project included two studies. The first study examined stress in caregivers of children with ASD and focused on specific child behaviors, within a locally-recruited sample of N=116 caregivers of children with ASD aged 3-17 years. Caregivers completed the Autism Behavior Inventory-Short as a measure of child behaviors, and the Parent Stress Scale as a measure of total parenting stress. We used linear regression to determine the association between specific child behaviors and caregiver stress. We hypothesized that caregivers of children with higher levels of behavioral difficulties (social-communication, mental health, repetitive behaviors) will report higher levels of self-reported stress, compared to caregivers of children with fewer behavioral difficulties. More behavioral difficulties in each domain was associated with higher levels of parental stress. For the second study, data on health behaviors and health outcomes from the National Health Interview Survey 2016-2017 cycles were used to compare caregivers of children with ASD to caregivers of typically developing children and children with other disabilities (N=10,162). For the child, information on child's diagnosis was reported by the parent. For the parent, health risk behaviors and health outcomes were self-reported. We used logistic regression to determine effects and hypothesized that caregivers of children with ASD will report more adverse health behaviors (i.e., smoking, alcohol use, less physical activity) compared to caregivers of typically developing children and caregivers of children with other disabilities. We also hypothesized that caregivers of children with ASD will have more cardiometabolic outcomes (i.e., type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol) and more mental health symptoms compared to caregivers of typically developing children and caregivers of children with other disabilities. Compared to typically developing caregivers, caregivers of children with ASD had higher odds of physical inactivity, smoking and tobacco use, and heavy drinking, though these relationships varied when compared to other disability groups. The effect estimates for these relationships also were of low magnitude and were relativity imprecise. Similar patterns of association were shown for health outcomes compared to caregivers of children with other disabilities. Overall, our findings suggest that it is the culmination of the child's phenotype that results in increased caregiver stress, rather than individual, unique behaviors. This may support the idea that is the total experience of all behaviors that is important, including those not required for an ASD diagnosis, but that are commonly shared with other developmental disorders. Furthermore, caregivers of children with ASD had more adverse health behaviors and outcomes compared to caregivers of typically developing children, but not when compared to other disability groups, though these estimates had low magnitude and were relatively imprecise. Caregiver stress should be considered for potential interventions to improve their health. Future studies should seek to better understand why child behaviors influence caregiver stress and how caregiver stress may influence health risk behaviors and health outcomes.

Parenting Stress

Author : Kirby Deater-Deckard
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300133936
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting Stress by : Kirby Deater-Deckard

Download or read book Parenting Stress written by Kirby Deater-Deckard and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2008-10-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All parents experience stress as they attempt to meet the challenges of caring for their children. This comprehensive book examines the causes and consequences of parenting distress, drawing on a wide array of findings in current empirical research. Kirby Deater-Deckard explores normal and pathological parenting stress, the influences of parents on their children as well as children on their parents, and the effects of biological and environmental factors. Beginning with an overview of theories of stress and coping, Deater-Deckard goes on to describe how parenting stress is linked with problems in adult and child health (emotional problems, developmental disorders, illness); parental behaviors (warmth, harsh discipline); and factors outside the family (marital quality, work roles, cultural influences). The book concludes with a useful review of coping strategies and interventions that have been demonstrated to alleviate parenting stress.

Intervention Services for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (917 download)

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Book Synopsis Intervention Services for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by :

Download or read book Intervention Services for Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objective: Parenting a child with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with increased stress and a decrease in parents'/caregivers' overall wellbeing (Benjak et al., 2009; Phetrasuwan & Shandor Milles, 2009).The objective of this study was to determine whether parents/caregivers of children with ASDs experience high levels of perceived stress and anxiety, to asses parents' coping, and their self-reported needs for supportive services and barriers to receive such services. Method: There were two parts to this cross sectional mixed method study. Study 1 involved a semi-structured interview with three service providers for families of children with ASD. Responses were qualitatively reported. In study 2, 59 parents/caregivers of children with ASD completed an anonymous online survey to assess parents/caregivers perceived stress (PSS), anxiety (SAS), and coping strategies (Brief COPE). Participants were largely women (89%) who self-identified as White (68%) or Hispanic (20%). Results: The results from study 2 showed that parents/caregivers of children with ASD have higher level of perceived stress, and mild to moderate levels of anxiety. There was a significant main effect of severity of diagnosis on parent stress. Parents with children who had a mild diagnosis reported significantly less perceived stress than parents with a child who had a severe diagnosis. Nearly half of parents/caregivers indicated that they would like to receive supportive service, including individual and group therapy. Financial limitations, lack of knowledge of services, and childcare were identified as the main barriers to attending services. Conclusion: Parents/caregivers of children with ASD are experiencing higher levels of stress and anxiety. The majority of parents/caregivers desire services. There is a gap in services that address parent/caregivers mental health, and to ensure the appropriate provision of mental health interventions, there is a great need to incorporate child and parent services in the same setting.

Caregiver Impact of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Nicole M. Kline
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Caregiver Impact of Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Nicole M. Kline

Download or read book Caregiver Impact of Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Nicole M. Kline and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the impact of psycho-social variables has been evaluated for children with chronic illness and related disabilities, questions remain unanswered for families affected by ASD. Participants included 68 primary caregivers seeking services for a child aged fifteen months to 12 years suspected of or diagnosed with an ASD. Assessment tools included: 1. Parenting Stress Index-Fourth Edition-Short-Form (PSI-4-SF; Abidin, 2012), 2. Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC; Johnston and Mash, 1989), and 3. Relationship Assessment Scale (Hendrick, 1988). Independent samples t-tests were conducted to determine differences with a nonclinical control population (60 participants with a typically-developed child) regarding perceptions of stress, competence and relationship satisfaction. ASD caregivers reported experiencing significantly higher stress than Control caregivers (p=.000)..A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to assess whether perceived competence and relationship satisfaction variables were predictors of overall stress in the clinical sample. Results indicate that these variables significantly impact parenting stress (p

COVID and Autism 2023: Lessons Learnt and Future Directions for Research

Author : Michaela DuBay
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832554105
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis COVID and Autism 2023: Lessons Learnt and Future Directions for Research by : Michaela DuBay

Download or read book COVID and Autism 2023: Lessons Learnt and Future Directions for Research written by Michaela DuBay and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-09-05 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been three years since many countries around the world were sent into a nationwide lockdown due to the coronavirus pandemic. As the disease infected the lungs of many people across the world, there were other adverse effects that came with not only the disease itself but the aftermath of the lockdowns. Those living with pre-existing conditions saw the COVID-19 pandemic affect them in different ways to those who were otherwise healthy. This Research Topic aims to highlight evidence on how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected and continues to affect autistic individuals and to provide insights into research and interventions on how this can be tackled going forwards, in the hope that the research presented will translate to best practice applications in clinical and public health settings.

Longitudinal Outcomes of Toddlers at High-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Cristiana Michele Vattuone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Longitudinal Outcomes of Toddlers at High-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Cristiana Michele Vattuone

Download or read book Longitudinal Outcomes of Toddlers at High-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Cristiana Michele Vattuone and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders with recent surveillance efforts estimating that 1 in 44 children are affected (CDC, 2021). ASD symptoms manifest early in life at different rates through infancy and toddlerhood, with diagnosis reliably available by 3 years of age. Our increased ability to identify and diagnose children with ASD has resulted in a strong research base of highly effective evidence-based practices for the early treatment of ASD symptoms. Parenting a child with ASD presents a unique set of challenges that may influence personal wellbeing and the family system. Elevated stress in parents of children with ASD is well indicated in the literature and has been associated with mental health outcomes related to anxiety, depression, and diminished self-efficacy, and can impact treatment efficacy in parent-mediated intervention practices. The unique complexities associated with raising a child with ASD put parents at greater risk, warranting a closer examination into the characteristics associated with stress and potentially sensitive periods of stress throughout development as it relates to raising a child at high-risk. Despite advancement in early treatment practices for children with ASD, the long-term outcomes of infants at high-risk and their families is less understood in the literature. Thus, the current study aimed to examine long-term outcomes of toddlers at-risk for ASD and their caregivers. The study follows from an earlier treatment trial on promoting development in young children with communication delays (Kasari, Siller, Huynh, Shih, & Swanson, et al., 2014). High-risk toddlers aged 15 to 30 months demonstrated a communication delay, exhibited early signs and symptoms consistent with ASD, and screened positive on ASD risk measures (n=40). Toddlers and their caregivers were followed across a 12-month period from baseline to 36-months of age at which time the initial autism diagnostic evaluation was administered (Phase 1). Approximatley half of the original sample from Site 1 (n=18) participated in the five year follow up study when participants were in middle childhood (mean=8.03 years) (Phase 2). Methods: The goal of the study was to prospectively examine longitudinal outcomes of infants at high-risk for ASD and their caregivers. The first aim of the study was to examine cognitive, behavioral and clinical outcomes in toddlers at high-risk for ASD over time including: developmental patterns of cognitive growth over time using DQ measured across five timepoints, stability of ASD diagnostic status (autism, autism spectrum, non-spectrum), and stability of ASD severity as indicated on standardized ADOS Comparison Severity Scores. The second aim of the study was to examine parental stress and wellbeing as it relates to child and parent characteristics across potentially sensitive developmental stages, including identification and diagnosis (Phase 1) and entry into the early school years (Phase 2). Lastly, the third aim of the study was to examine perceived social support and positive perceptions of parenting as a protective factor to mitigating parenting stress of raising a child at high-risk for ASD. Results: The analyses yielded three main findings: (1) Early identification, diagnosis and treatment seem critical for optimal outcomes for toddlers at high-risk for ASD as the entire sample of high-risk infants showed significant improvement in cognitive gains over time with more ABA early intervention hours being associated with significantly greater improvement in cognitive gains over time. Three distinct growth patterns emerged in toddlers at high-risk for ASD: (1) inclining; (2) stable; and (3) slowing-plateauing. Further, membership in these groups was significantly associated with ASD diagnostic status with a clear increasing trend in DQ over time for both non-spectrum and autism spectrum groups, with the autism group demonstrating a much slower trend over time with initially inclining then slight slowing-plateauing trend in DQ over time. (2) Participants in the sample demonstrated stable diagnostic status over time (autism, autism spectrum, non-spectrum) and stable severity over time with small groups demonstrating increasing or decreasing severity over time. (3) Parents of children with ASD experienced elevated levels of parenting stress across time attributed to child characteristics of dysregulation in infancy and toddlerhood (Phase 1), and dysregulation and problem behavior in middle childhood (Phase 2). Despite persistently high levels of parenting stress, positive perceptions of parenting and perceived support from a significant other were protective factors in mitigating parenting stress associated with raising a child at high-risk.

Clinical Guide to Early Interventions for Children with Autism

Author : Giacomo Vivanti
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030411605
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical Guide to Early Interventions for Children with Autism by : Giacomo Vivanti

Download or read book Clinical Guide to Early Interventions for Children with Autism written by Giacomo Vivanti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-17 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines early interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with the goal to enable primary care physicians as well as other clinicians, therapists, and practitioners to assist parents in making informed decisions based on current research. It provides a map for successfully navigating the maze of early interventions for ASD, focusing on evidence. Chapters review the similarities and differences between current evidence-based treatments, how these treatments work, the factors that facilitate their effectiveness, and the pros and cons of their use for different children and different needs. In addition, chapters discuss the services, laws, policies, and societal issues related to early intervention in ASD. Featured topics include: Criteria to evaluate evidence in ASD interventions. Effective approaches for Social communication difficulties in ASD. Effective approaches for Restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) in ASD. Naturalistic, developmental approaches to early intervention for children with ASD The TEACCH approach and other visually based approaches for children with ASD. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) approaches to early intervention for children with ASD. What works for whom in ASD early intervention Clinical Guide to Early Interventions for Children with Autism is an essential resource for clinicians, primary care providers, and other practitioners as well as researchers, professors, and graduate students in the fields of child, school, and developmental psychology, pediatrics, social work, child and adolescent psychiatry, primary care medicine, and related disciplines.

Handbook of Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders

Author : Jonathan Tarbox
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781493951932
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Jonathan Tarbox

Download or read book Handbook of Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Jonathan Tarbox and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current rates of autism diagnoses have been cause for concern and research as well as rumor and misinformation. Important questions surround the condition: how early can an accurate diagnosis be made? At what age should intervention start? How can parents recognize warning signs? And what causes autism in the first place? There are no easy answers, but the Handbook of Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders gives researchers, practitioners, and academics the science and guidance to better understand and intervene. Background chapters survey the history of professional understanding of the disorders and the ongoing debate over autism as a single entity or a continuum. Chapters on best methods in screening, assessment, and diagnosis reflect the transition between the DSM-V and older diagnostic criteria. And at the heart of the book, the intervention section ranges from evidence-based strategies for developing core skills to ethical concerns, cultural considerations, and controversial treatments. Included in the Handbook's broad-based coverage: Designing curriculum programs for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Mainstream education for children with ASD. Teaching independent living skills to children with ASD. Social skills and play. Behavioral and mental health disorders in children with ASD. Training and supporting caregivers in evidence-based practices. Teaching cognitive skills to children with ASD. The Handbook of Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders is a comprehensive reference for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians and other scientist-practitioners in clinical child and school psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, rehabilitation, special education, and pediatric medicine.

Empowering Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Amanda Webster
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811020841
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Empowering Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Amanda Webster

Download or read book Empowering Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Amanda Webster and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an international research-based framework that has empowered parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to become critical decision makers to actively guide their child’s learning and self-advocacy. Parents can use this framework to identify their child’s vision and dreams, and to work with educators and service providers to establish specific learning goals and to implement effective interventions and programs that enable their child to achieve those goals and realise their vision for the future. The book begins by reviewing available research on evidence-based practice for children with ASD and outlining the Cycle of Learning decision-making framework for parents and professionals. Throughout the remainder of the book, case studies are presented to illustrate the ways in which different parents have successfully utilised this framework to develop effective plans for their child and to advocate for learning and education programs for both their child and other children with ASD in school and community settings. In addition, it highlights concrete examples of how parents have used the framework to empower their children with ASD to develop their self-awareness and self-determination, and to be able to self-advocate as they move through adolescence and into adult life.

Parenting Stress in Mothers of Preschool Children Recently Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Cheryl M. Shaffer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 113 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting Stress in Mothers of Preschool Children Recently Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Cheryl M. Shaffer

Download or read book Parenting Stress in Mothers of Preschool Children Recently Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Cheryl M. Shaffer and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parenting stress is a significant psychological phenomenon when individuals feel difficulty with parental role fulfillment. Greater parenting stress is expected theoretically and experienced empirically by parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Theorists postulate maternal parenting stress is influenced by the perception of aberrant child behavior severity, future expectations, perceived availability and utility of social support, and maternal age. Previous literature has insufficiently addressed the theoretical propositions that correlate these factors to parenting stress in mothers of recently diagnosed young children. The purpose of this study was to assess parenting stress and possible associated variables in mothers of young children during the first year after an ASD diagnosis. It was hypothesized that perceived severity of aberrant behavior and maternal age would be positively related to parenting stress. Parental expectations and social support levels were anticipated to be inversely related to parenting stress in mothers. A convenience sample of 75 biological mothers of children with ASD aged 5 years or less whose diagnoses were made less than 12 months prior to study enrollment was recruited from a national sample. A demographic questionnaire and 4 paper and pencil instruments were utilized. Bivariate correlation coefficients and a multiple regression were calculated for the variables under study. A moderate, positive correlation between perceived severity of aberrant behavior and parenting stress was established. Low negative correlations between evaluations of family support and parenting stress and between future expectations and parenting stress were also found. Contrary to the hypothesis, a low negative correlation between maternal age and parenting stress was substantiated. Maternal expectations and perceived severity of aberrant behavior proved most significant, accounting for 32% of total variance in reported levels of parenting stress.