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Optimization Of Positive Charge Salts In Coaculation Process Of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Pome Using Response Surface Methodology Rsm
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Book Synopsis Optimization of Positive Charge Salts in Coaculation Process of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) by : Nurul Fadillah Jamil
Download or read book Optimization of Positive Charge Salts in Coaculation Process of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) written by Nurul Fadillah Jamil and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ph Treatment of Pome Via Biological Process - Optimization by : Anis Sakinah Lokman Hakim
Download or read book Ph Treatment of Pome Via Biological Process - Optimization written by Anis Sakinah Lokman Hakim and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palm oil mill effluent (POME) has been known as organic waste product from palm oil production which is featured by low pH of 3.5-4.5, high value of biological demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended solids. It is found that palm oil industry is one of the contributors of environmental pollution if their waste not being treated well. So, it is mandatory for all palm oil mills to treat their wastewaters on site to an acceptable level before it is allowed to be discharged into the water courses. Biological treatment appears less cost than chemical and physical methods, and also much faster than natural oxidation, with a lower environmental impact. Thus, this study is aims to optimize the factors which are influencing biological pH treatment of acidic POME by using research surface methodology (RSM) with CCD response of Design Expert software via biological treatment of using soil mixed culture. In the beginning, the sample of acidic POME was collected from a nearby palm oil mill whereas soil mixed culture was obtained from soil near to plants root system. Preliminary study to obtain the best reaction time was done in 5th days and at the end, the utilization was performed better in between 3rd-4th days. Then, an acclimatization of soil mixed culture together with POME was conducted and 13 experimental runs were done according to RSM. Lastly, all the experimental results data will be optimized using RSM with factorial central composite design (CCD) using the software package Design Expert Version 6.0. The model showed that pH will increase upon increasing of agitation and temperature between to optimum conditions, but declined with further increases of these factors. From these optimum condition, it can be concluded that agitation and temperature had an individual significant influence on pH. Yet, the agitation and temperature was interdependent or having significant interaction on pH treatment while pH and temperature were interdependent according to the study and slightly interdependent and their interactive effects were insignificant. Based on the results, the predicted optimum condition suggested by software is temperature of 32.50 and agitation speed of 125 rpm. The expected pH value of 8.03 may obtained. Thus, the experimental response variables were very close to those predicted by RSM, indicating that RSM was a useful tool to optimize the pH treatment. Besides, the error generated was 2.293% indicated that the data was valid since the result does not excess 10%. After all, it can be concluded that the agitation speed and temperature were optimized to the optimum conditions and can be applied in industrial applications.
Book Synopsis Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment by : John Bratby
Download or read book Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment written by John Bratby and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2006-10-15 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment provides a comprehensive account of coagulation and flocculation techniques and technologies in a single volume covering theoretical principles to practical applications. Thoroughly revised and updated since the 1st Edition it has been progressively modified and increased in scope to cater for the requirements of practitioners involved with water and wastewater treatment. A thorough gamut of treatment scenarios is attempted, including turbidity, color and organics removal, including the technical aspects of enhanced coagulation. The effects of temperature and ionic content are described as well as the removal of specific substances such as arsenic and phosphorus. Chemical phosphorus removal is dealt with in detail, Rapid mixing for efficient coagulant utilization, and flocculation are dealt with in specific chapters. Water treatment plant waste sludge disposal is dealt with in considerable detail, in an Appendix devoted to this subject. Invaluble for water scientists, engineers and students of this field, Coagulation and Flocculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment is a convenient reference handbook in the form of numerous examples and appended information.
Book Synopsis Tertiary Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Chemical Coagulation by : Mohd. Fahdli Abdul Kudus
Download or read book Tertiary Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Chemical Coagulation written by Mohd. Fahdli Abdul Kudus and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Simulation and Optimization of Treated Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Processing for Water Reuse by : Tamrin Tajari
Download or read book Simulation and Optimization of Treated Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Processing for Water Reuse written by Tamrin Tajari and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Malaysia, palm oil mill effluent (POME) production increases every year, in fact in 2013 alone, Malaysia produced more than 16 million tonne of crude palm oil (CPO) where millions of tons of treated POME were discharged into the water bodies as clean effluent after the anaerobic-aerobic treatment. Despite that, treated POME potentially can become alternative water resource for reclamation and reuse on-site. This study aims to simulate and optimize treated POME for reuse using adsorption followed by filtration for solid residual removal. Shake flasks were used to study the adsorption's isotherm and kinetics models, and later optimized using Design Expert v7.0. The simulation was done using SuperPro Designer v5.5 for the economics feasibility of the system. Process water quality standards as practiced industrially in Malaysia was used for comparison to find the suitableness of the reclaim water. Commercial powdered activated carbon (PAC) was used as an adsorbent for the study. Batch studies were used to determine the adsorption's isotherm and kinetics models for COD, calcium hardness and colour as parameters for reclamation purposes. The results show the equilibrium operational conditions were achieved at 30 g/L of PAC dosage, 15 minutes of contact time, and 150 rpm of agitation for COD, calcium hardness and colour adsorption with removal efficiency of more than 90%. The isotherm models show that COD, calcium hardness, and colour were best suited for Freundlich isotherm model with R2 values of 0.9812, 0.9917, and 0.8835 respectively, while the kinetic models show all the adsorbates best suited the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with R2 values of 1.000. ANOVA results using Design Expert v7.0 indicate the quadratic model for COD, calcium hardness, and colour was significant with R2, adjusted-R2 and predicted-R2 more than 0.90. The optimum values obtained show that the lowest adsorbates residual can be achieved by using 40 g/L PAC dosage, while there were dynamic relationship between contact time and agitation as shown in run 8 and run 10 in the optimization table to achieve minimum adsorbates residual. In addition, the validation process proves the optimization models were valid with less 10% of measured and calculated results for shake flask, meanwhile when scaled-up to 5L of sample, the results gave satisfactory results for all of the adsorbates. The economic analysis of the system shows the market price of the PAC determines more than 96% of the total operating costs with unit production cost of RM13/m3 of reclaim water from treated POME, which is highly likely not feasible if the design and the process modification was not done later or using alternative adsorbent which is more cheaper. However, the results obtained in the validation process shows the effluent quality would comply generally with the standards in paper sector as practiced in the Europe (AquaFit4Use, 2010), water makeup for cooling water and other various industries (USEPA, 2004), and as practiced by petrochemical plants as makeup water for cooling water in Malaysia. This show that the proposed treatment system potentially able to reclaim biologically treated POME for reuse (in terms of quality), thus industrial sustainability and environmental friendly are achievable.
Book Synopsis Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment Using Coagulation-flocculation Method by : Theresa Li Ling Tan
Download or read book Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment Using Coagulation-flocculation Method written by Theresa Li Ling Tan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Removal of Turbidity in Palm Oil Mill Effluent (pome) Using Garlic as Natural Coagulant by : Nur Syuhadah M. Aslam Khan
Download or read book Removal of Turbidity in Palm Oil Mill Effluent (pome) Using Garlic as Natural Coagulant written by Nur Syuhadah M. Aslam Khan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Coagulation and Flocculation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Using Chitosan and Pac by : Chi Shein Hong
Download or read book Coagulation and Flocculation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Using Chitosan and Pac written by Chi Shein Hong and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Kinetic Evaluation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent POME with Membrane Anaerobic System (MAS) by : Abdurahman H. Nour
Download or read book Kinetic Evaluation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent POME with Membrane Anaerobic System (MAS) written by Abdurahman H. Nour and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Accelerate the Reduction of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Critical Parameters with Biological Treatment by : Mohammad Zulhilmi Jamal
Download or read book Accelerate the Reduction of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Critical Parameters with Biological Treatment written by Mohammad Zulhilmi Jamal and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the highest single polluter of Malaysian rivers. The Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD, 3-day,30o c) content of the effluent ranges from 20000-30000 p.p.m., which is about 50-60 times stronger than the domestic sewage.The Malaysian Government, the industry and the people of Malaysia in general are very concerned about the pollution problems caused by the palm oil industry. Dominion Square Sdn. Bhd (DSSB) is one of the player involve in the production of crude palm oil from fresh fruit bunch. This research will enhance the reduction process of DSSB wastewater treatment plant so the discharge will meet the regulation standard by Department of Environmental (DOE) of Malaysia. The objective of this research are to accelerate current treatment method of POME by decreasing the time consume and cost of treatment. The best loading of chemical to the pond and optimum condition of the microbiological activity studied in order to provide best place for the reduction process. The research carried out onsite and inside the laboratory to obtain the reading of temperature, pH and biological oxygen demand (BOD) for each sample. From the result, the best loading of the chemical NK-8 is at 25kg with reduction of BOD was 340.5 mg/l. The optimum pH for the biological activity was 6.5 to 7.5 while the best temperature was 45oc-55oc. Clear water and recycle path should be preserve for best performance of biological activity. As the conclusion, the best condition of the POME reduction has been successfully obtained for DSSB plant so that the cost of the wastewater treatment plant can be reduce at the same time the still comply with the discharge standard by DOE.
Book Synopsis Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development (AI2SD’2018) by : Mostafa Ezziyyani
Download or read book Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development (AI2SD’2018) written by Mostafa Ezziyyani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers papers presented at the International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development (AI2SD-2018), which was held in Tangiers, Morocco on 12–14 July 2018. It highlights how advanced intelligent systems have successfully been used to develop tools and techniques for modeling, prediction and decision support in connection with the environment. Though chiefly intended for researchers and practitioners in advanced intelligent systems for sustainable development, the book will also be of interest to those working in environment and the Internet of Things, environment and big data analysis, summarization, prediction, remote sensing & geo-information, geophysics, marine and coastal environments, and sensor networks for environment services.
Book Synopsis Study on Mechanical Pretreatment Process of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by : Noor Hazira Abu Bakar
Download or read book Study on Mechanical Pretreatment Process of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) written by Noor Hazira Abu Bakar and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Waste Management by : Ajay S. Kalamdhad
Download or read book Advances in Waste Management written by Ajay S. Kalamdhad and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-22 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents some of the latest technologies in waste management, and emphasizes the benefits that can be gained from the use of recycled products. Divided into four sections, it deals with phytoremediation, acquatic weed management and the treatment of solid- and water-based wastes, such as those arising from agricultural, industrial and medical activities. With its special emphasis on the utilization of recycled products, this volume will be of interest to students, academicians, policy makers and others who have a practical and academic interest in dealing with the waste society generates.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Workshop on Review of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Technology Vis-a-vis Department of Environment Standard by :
Download or read book Proceedings of the Workshop on Review of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Technology Vis-a-vis Department of Environment Standard written by and published by Porim. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Activities and Application of Marine Polysaccharides by : Emad Shalaby
Download or read book Biological Activities and Application of Marine Polysaccharides written by Emad Shalaby and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-01-11 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine organisms have been under research for the last decades as a source for different active compounds with various biological activities and application in agriculture, pharmacy, medicine, environment, and industries. Marine polysaccharides from these active compounds are used as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, bioremediations, etc. During the last three decades, several important factors that control the production of phytoplankton polysaccharides have been identified such as chemical concentrations, temperature, light, etc. The current book includes 14 chapters contributed by experts around the world; the chapters are categorized into three sections: Marine Polysaccharides and Agriculture, Marine Polysaccharides and Biological Activities, and Marine Polysaccharides and Industries.
Book Synopsis Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse by : Vivek V. Ranade
Download or read book Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse written by Vivek V. Ranade and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2014-07-21 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse is an accessible reference to assist you when handling wastewater treatment and recycling. It features an instructive compilation of methodologies, including advanced physico-chemical methods and biological methods of treatment. It focuses on recent industry practices and preferences, along with newer methodologies for energy generation through waste. The book is based on a workshop run by the Indus MAGIC program of CSIR, India. It covers advanced processes in industrial wastewater treatment, applications, and feasibility analysis, and explores the process intensification approach as well as implications for industrial applications. Techno-economic feasibility evaluation is addressed, along with a comparison of different approaches illustrated by specific case studies. Industrial Wastewater Treatment, Recycling and Reuse introduces you to the subject with specific reference to problems currently being experienced in different industry sectors, including the petroleum industry, the fine chemical industry, and the specialty chemicals manufacturing sector. - Provides practical solutions for the treatment and recycling of industrial wastewater via case studies - Instructive articles from expert authors give a concise overview of different physico-chemical and biological methods of treatment, cost-to-benefit analysis, and process comparison - Supplies you with the relevant information to make quick process decisions
Book Synopsis Fruit Oils: Chemistry and Functionality by : Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
Download or read book Fruit Oils: Chemistry and Functionality written by Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-08 with total page 911 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fruit Oils: Chemistry and Functionality presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the chemistry and functionality of lipid bioactive phytochemicals found in fruit oils. The chapters in this text examine the composition, physicochemical characteristics and organoleptic attributes of each of the major fruit oils. The nutritional quality, oxidative stability, and potential food and non-foodapplications of these oils are also extensively covered. The potential health benefits of the bioactive lipids found in these fruit oils are also a focus of this text. For each oil presented, the levels of omega-9, omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids are specified, indicating the level of health-promoting traits exhibited in each. The oils and fats extracted from fruits generally differ from one another both in terms of their major and minor bioactive constituents. The methods used to extract oils and fats as well as the processing techniques such as refining, bleaching and deodorization affect their major and minor constituents. In addition, different post-processing treatments of fruit oils and fats may alert or degrade important bioactive constituents. Treatments such as heating, frying, cooking and storage and major constituents such as sterols and tocols are extensively covered in this text. Although there have been reference works published on the composition and biological properties of lipids from oilseeds, there is currently no book focused on the composition and functionality of fruit oils. Fruit Oils: Chemistry and Functionality aims to fill this gap for researchers, presenting a detailed overview of the chemical makeup and functionality of all the important fruit oils.
