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Author : MITCHELL. Anderson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Optical Properties of Individual and Bundled Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes written by MITCHELL. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (895 download)
Download or read book Optical Properties of Individual and Bundled Single-Walled Carbo written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are nearly ideal one-dimensional systems, with aspect ratios exceeding 10$^{5}$:1. The band gap of a SWCNT, determined by the species, covers the majority of the visible spectrum all the way out into the near infrared. However, despite their amazing potential, the vast majority of SWCNT applications are still on the horizon. This is partly because the opto-electronic behaviour of a SWCNT is so sensitive to its physical structure (determined by sample preparation method) and its ambient environment. Structural defects and environmental perturbations introduce extrinsic effects (\textit{e.g.} disorder limited diffusion) which vastly inhibit the realization the intrinsic behaviour. A decade of progress in sample preparation techniques has vastly improved SWCNT properties (\textit{e.g.} increased quantum yield, longer diffusion lengths). The pinnacle of sample purification and isolation culminates in an isolated individual air-suspended SWCNT. These air-suspended SWCNTs are free from substrate effects, encapsulation, and defects caused by post processing. In this thesis, I study the intrinsic exciton dynamics of high quality air-suspended SWCNTs. A diffusion-annihilation model is developed for homogeneously excited SWCNTs which reveals an exciton diffusion constant on the order of 300 cm$^{2}$/s. To strengthen the case for intrinsic diffusion, a temporally and spatially resolved PL experiment is developed which is sensitive to quenching defect sites. Results from several SWCNTs confirm a diffusion constant of $\sim$ 300 cm$^{2}$/s. In order to test the validity of the diffusion-reaction model, direct absorption measurements are performed to ensure that photoluminescence (PL) nonlinearity is not caused by nonlinear optical absorption. The observed strong nonlinearity in PL is not accompanied by a nonlinear absorption signal, indicating that absorption saturation does not play a significant role the observed phenomena. In addition, time-resolved SWCNT PL and absorption studies indicate that the presence of an exciton population does not significantly affect the optical absorption. The observed optical absorption cross-sections for the air-suspended SWCNTs are on the order of 3 $\times$ 10$^{-17}$ cm$^{2}$/atom. This is about 5 times higher than graphene and among the highest observed for SWCNTs.
Author : Zhonghua Yu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (466 download)
Download or read book Optical Properties of Individual Bundles of Single-wall Carbon Nanotubes written by Zhonghua Yu and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mathias Kobylko
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (495 download)
Download or read book Electrical Transport and Optical Properties of Individual Carbon Nanotubes and Small Bundles Probed by Cross-correlated and In-situ Experiments written by Mathias Kobylko and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This PhD thesis consists of two parts: the first deals with the electrical transport properties of individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the second with their optical properties. The first part describes the ex-situ and in-situ experiments (inside a transmission electron microscope (TEM)) which we have performed on individual CNTs according to the liquid metal contact method. Our experiments show that this method is not reliable and that results obtained this way (being until now interpreted in terms of ballistic transport properties of CNTs) have to be reinterpreted. These observations are completed by a classical model which demonstrates the general inaptitude of this method for the study of the transport properties of the CNTs. In order to allow a simultaneous visualization during electrical transport experiments on individual CNTs, we have also got involved with the development and construction of two in-situ TEM holders for transport experiments on individual CNTs, one of which is also designed for their mechanical manipulation. The second part describes the correlated electron diffraction and resonant Raman spectroscopy experiments which we have performed on individual CNTs and small bundles. Our experiments on individual CNTs present a direct validation of the theoretical predictions (including the excitonic and correlation effects) of the dependency of the optical transition energies of the CNTs on their structure. In our experiments on small bundles, we have been able to observe two different coupling effects: a degeneracy lifting of the optical transition energy in a homogenous bundle and a mechanically mediated energy transfer between unequal CNTs in a bundle.
Author : Jean-Christophe Blancon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (912 download)
Download or read book Optical Absorption and Electronic Properties of Individual Carbon Nanotubes written by Jean-Christophe Blancon and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, we report on the experimental investigation of the optical properties of single- and double-wall carbon nanotubes. Despite numerous studies performed using photoluminescence or Raman and Rayleigh scattering, knowledge of their optical response is still partial. In particular direct quantitative measurement of their absorption cross-section has not been achieved yet. Using spatial modulation spectroscopy we have determined, over a broad optical spectral range, the spectrum and amplitude of the absorption cross-section of identified individual single- and double-wall carbon nanotubes. These quantitative measurements permit the determination of the oscillator strength of the different excitonic resonances. Furthermore, investigation of the same nanotube, either a single-wall or double-wall nanotube, freestanding or deposited on a substrate shows large broadening with increase of oscillator strength of the excitonic resonances, as well as stark weakening of polarization dependent antenna effects, due to nanotube-substrate interaction. Similar study on nanotube bundles and double-wall nanotubes demonstrate the importance of inter-tube and inter-wall exciton coupling effects which seem to be of different nature in these two types of sample. The second part of this thesis studies electrical transport in carbon nanotube bundles under high pressure condition and low temperature. The behavior of nanotubebased field-effect transistors has been investigated, in the classical and Coulomb blockade regime, under gas-pressure up to 0.9 GPa. Overall, this dissertation communicates on the quantitative analysis of the absorption and electronic properties of carbon nanotubes and how they are influenced by various environmental effects such as dielectric screening, stress induced strain, hydrostatic pressure, or chemical doping. The novelty of this work is to address these issues at the single nanotube level.
Author : Mark William Brennan Wilson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (263 download)
Download or read book Investigations Into the Optical Properties of Individual, Air-suspended, Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Mark William Brennan Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single-walled carbon nanotubes are naturally-forming nanostructures that have attracted considerable recent research interest due to their unique opto-electronic properties and comparative ease of fabrication. Two-thirds of nanotube species are semiconductors due to symmetry conditions imposed by their pseudo-one-dimensional tubular structure, and exhibit band-gap photoluminescence when isolated from their environment. Despite their elegant structural simplicity, fundamental properties of carbon nanotubes, such as their intrinsic quantum efficiency, non-linear excitonic recombination mechanisms, and the role of environmental effects, continue to be disputed in the literature. The design of an apparatus capable of observing nanotube photoluminescence is presented, along with conclusive proof of the observation of a single (9,8)-chirality nanotube in the form of spectral, spatial, and polarization-dependent measurements. The dependance of the excitation and emission spectra of a single nanotube on the excitation intensity is explored and the emission spectra found to be described by a Gaussian peak function, in contrast to previously-reported results. The unexpected ability to cause redshifts in the emission spectrum via the ambient humidity is discovered, which has consequences on experimental best practices. Photoluminescence quantum efficiencies are measured to be 4"2% and 13"6% for two different nanotubes. This is at the high end of the range for comparable literature results, and supports the validity of a recent literature value for the effective atomic absorption coefficient for carbon, AC=1.6 x 10^- 3nm^2, which is ten times greater than previous literature values. Pulsed power dependence studies show that the PL emission undergoes 'hard' saturation at an excitation intensity of 0.5 x 10^12photons/pulse/cm2, which is at least 100 times lower than previous reports and provides insight into non-linear decay dynamics. A novel theoretical model is developed to explain this saturation process, which yields an absorption co-efficient of AC=1.2"0.3 x 10^ - 3nm^2 as a fit parameter. Time-resolved photoluminescence dynamics are explored using femtosecond excitation correlation spectroscopy. Results suggest that the one-body decay processes are bi-exponential, with time constants of 31"4ps and 313"61ps, but also highlight the limitations of this technique in observing the expected very rapid (~1 ps) two-body Auger recombination process.
Author : HUALING. ZENG
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781374666863
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (668 download)
Download or read book Optical Properties of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes written by HUALING. ZENG and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Yan Li
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030127001
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Yan Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.
Author : Ian Brooke Mortimer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (258 download)
Download or read book Optical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Ian Brooke Mortimer and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Matthew S. Marcus
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Optical and Mechanical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Matthew S. Marcus and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Zhengyi Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Optical and Electrical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes with Known Chiralities written by Zhengyi Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotube (CNT) is a hollow structure consisted by one-atom-thick sheet of carbon atoms, which can be considered as a rolled-up graphene sheet. The diameter and rolling angle (chirality) uniquely determines its electronic structure. Over two decades of study, due to the difficulty of synthesizing clean individual CNTs and the limitation of accurate chirality characterization, there are still unveiled questions towards the intrinsic properties of this 1-D material at single molecular level. In this thesis, I will discuss the approaches of fabricating chirality assigned CNT device and the experimental results of its optical and electrical properties. In the first part, I describe using 'fast heating' chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to achieve the high quality suspended CNT growth. Combining Rayleigh and Raman spectroscopy, I demonstrate the accurate assignment of chirality for each suspended individual CNT. With the ability of chirality identification, a series of optical and electrical experiments were conducted on the selected CNTs of interest.
Author : Hermenegildo Nuno Pedrosa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (244 download)
Download or read book The Optical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Hermenegildo Nuno Pedrosa and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Chiun-Yan Lin
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351334972
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)
Download or read book Electronic and Optical Properties of Graphite-Related Systems written by Chiun-Yan Lin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-12 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of electronic and optical properties of graphite-related systems. It presents a well-developed and up-to-date theoretical model and addresses important advances in essential properties and diverse quantization phenomena. Key features include various Hamiltonian models, dimension-enriched carbon-related systems, complete and unusual results, detailed comparisons with the experimental measurements, clear physical pictures, and further generalizations to other emergent 2D materials. It also covers potential applications, such as touch-screen panel devices, FETs, supercapacitors, sensors, LEDs, solar cells, photodetectors, and photomodulators.
Author : Sergey Edward Lyshevski
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420008145
Total Pages : 912 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Nano and Molecular Electronics Handbook written by Sergey Edward Lyshevski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are fundamental and technological limits of conventional microfabrication and microelectronics. Scaling down conventional devices and attempts to develop novel topologies and architectures will soon be ineffective or unachievable at the device and system levels to ensure desired performance. Forward-looking experts continue to search for new paradigms to carry the field beyond the age of microelectronics, and molecular electronics is one of the most promising candidates. The Nano and Molecular Electronics Handbook surveys the current state of this exciting, emerging field and looks toward future developments and opportunities. Molecular and Nano Electronics Explained Explore the fundamentals of device physics, synthesis, and design of molecular processing platforms and molecular integrated circuits within three-dimensional topologies, organizations, and architectures as well as bottom-up fabrication utilizing quantum effects and unique phenomena. Technology in Progress Stay current with the latest results and practical solutions realized for nanoscale and molecular electronics as well as biomolecular electronics and memories. Learn design concepts, device-level modeling, simulation methods, and fabrication technologies used for today's applications and beyond. Reports from the Front Lines of Research Expert innovators discuss the results of cutting-edge research and provide informed and insightful commentary on where this new paradigm will lead. The Nano and Molecular Electronics Handbook ranks among the most complete and authoritative guides to the past, present, and future of this revolutionary area of theory and technology.
Author : Siva Yellampalli
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9533074973
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes written by Siva Yellampalli and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes are one of the most intriguing new materials with extraordinary properties being discovered in the last decade. The unique structure of carbon nanotubes provides nanotubes with extraordinary mechanical and electrical properties. The outstanding properties that these materials possess have opened new interesting researches areas in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Although nanotubes are very promising in a wide variety of fields, application of individual nanotubes for large scale production has been limited. The main roadblocks, which hinder its use, are limited understanding of its synthesis and electrical properties which lead to difficulty in structure control, existence of impurities, and poor processability. This book makes an attempt to provide indepth study and analysis of various synthesis methods, processing techniques and characterization of carbon nanotubes that will lead to the increased applications of carbon nanotubes.
Author : Tristan DeBorde
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (869 download)
Download or read book Scanning Photocurrent Microscopy Study of Photovoltaic and Thermoelectric Effects in Individual Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Tristan DeBorde and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Nanotubes are a unique family of nanostructures that have shown remarkable promise for mechanical, electrical, and optical applications. Fundamentally similar to the earlier discovered Buckminsterfullerene (C60), carbon nanotubes are hollow cylinders formed from a single sheet of carbon atoms. The research presented in this dissertation investigates several carbon nanotube properties, with an emphasis on the interactions between light and electrons within the nanotube. Better understanding of these optoelectronic properties is of great interest for future advancement in solar energy conversion. Carbon nanotubes are a quintessential material for researchers studying nanoscience. Small changes in nanotube structure can lead to striking differences in electrical and optical properties. In addition to this rich variety of properties, nanotubes can be concentrically inset within one another resulting in single-walled, double-walled, and multi-walled versions. Single-walled carbon nanotubes are desirable for optoelectronic study as complicated interactions between shells are avoided; which, while an interesting topic, is beyond the scope of this work. In the past, determination of carbon nanotube wall number was achieved via transmission electron microscopy, a technique requiring difficult sample preparation, making it impractical for most working devices. This thesis presents an alternative technique based on the compressibility of nanotube sidewalls as measured by atomic force microscopy. This technique is readily applicable to common device designs and can distinguish single and double-walled carbon nanotubes. This technique has been applied to characterizing the output of our growth process, resulting in recipes that highly favor single-walled growth. The optical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes have been studied intensely. Each single-walled nanotube has an optical fingerprint based on its unique atomic structure. Specific single-walled nanotube structures can be selected for a wide range of optical applications. Again, however, most techniques previously used to study these optical properties are not easily transferable to common device designs. In this research, the measurement of nanotube fingerprints is achieved by optoelectronic means through the use of a newly constructed scanning photocurrent microscope. This instrument measures changes in electrical transport as the device is locally illuminated by a spectrally-tunable light source, making it a versatile tool for studying nanostructures implemented in a variety device designs. Early work on nanotube optoelectronic properties attributed photocurrent generation to a photovoltaic mechanism. This thesis, however, shows that strong photothermoelectric effects can also be present in nanotube optoelectronic devices. Light absorbed by a nanostructure can locally raise the temperature, resulting in thermoelectric currents. If a carbon nanotube is being employed as the absorbing element of a solar cell, it is possible for thermoelectric currents to reduce or enhance the efficiency of energy conversion. The last portion of this work investigates the nature of optically generated thermoelectric effects in carbon nanotubes. With a better understanding of these thermoelectric effects, future nanostructure solar cell design can efficiently utilize thermoelectric currents.
Author : Hualing Zeng
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (252 download)
Download or read book Optical Properties of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes written by Hualing Zeng and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
