Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Operation Ranch Hand The Air Force And Herbicides In Southeast Asia 1961 1971 full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Operation Ranch Hand The Air Force And Herbicides In Southeast Asia 1961 1971 ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : William A. Buckingham
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Operation Ranch Hand written by William A. Buckingham and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : William A. Buckingham, Jr.
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 1300769548
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Operation Ranch Hand: The Air Force and Herbicides in Southeast Asia, 1961-1971 written by William A. Buckingham, Jr. and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2013-02-22 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a study of the process by which herbicidal military policy was made in Southeast Asia. The author relates the intense controversy over the effects of the Agent Orange spraying program. He connects policy to operations, showing how pressure from scientists and disagreements within the government imposed limits on the program. He explores the technical difficulties in spraying herbicides; and he pays tribute to the Ranch Hand airmen who flew planes "low and slow" over enemy positions (altogether, Ranch Hand aircraft took over 7,000 hits). Since the 1975 renunciation of the use of herbicides, this military episode has remained unique in U.S. history. Includes notes, appendices, bibliography, and photos.
Author : United States. Air Force. Office of Air Force History
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781453821824
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (218 download)
Download or read book Operation Ranch Hand written by United States. Air Force. Office of Air Force History and published by . This book was released on 1982-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a model study of the process by which military policy was made in Southeast Asia. The author relates the intense controversy over the effects of the Agent Orange spraying program. He connects policy to operations, showing how pressure from scientists and disagreements within the government imposed limits on the program. He explores the technical difficulties in spraying herbicides; and he pays tribute to the Ranch Hand airmen who flew planes "low and slow" over enemy positions (altogether, Ranch Hand aircraft took over 7,000 hits). Since the 1975 renunciation of the use of herbicides, this military episode has remained unique in U.S. history. With maps and photographs; this is a facsimile reprint of a U.S. government publication.
Author : William A. Buckingham
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)
Download or read book Operation Ranch Hand written by William A. Buckingham and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : William A. Buckingham (Jr.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (899 download)
Download or read book Operation Ranch Hand written by William A. Buckingham (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Office of Air Force History
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781508644460
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (444 download)
Download or read book Operation Ranch Hand written by Office of Air Force History and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-26 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the dawn of powered flight, there has been debate about the uses of aviation in war. The air weapon could be, and has been, used for a variety of missions: to gain control of the skies, to bomb an enemy's population or war-making resources, to support armies and navies in battle, to interdict the flow of men and materiel to the battlefield, for observation, reconnaissance, the gathering of intelligence, to transport men and supplies, and for virtually every other aspect of modern combat. One of aviation's more unusual military applications occurred in Southeast Asia, where American and Vietnamese planes sprayed large areas of Vietnam and Laos with herbicides in an effort to deny cover and concealment to the enemy, and to destroy his food supply. Herbicides, or weed-killing chemicals, had long been used in American agriculture. After World War I, the military of various nations realized their potential for war and developed techniques to use them. Although the Italians had used lethal chemicals delivered from the air in Abyssinia in 1936, the Allies and Axis in World War II abstained from using the weapon either because of legal restrictions, or to avoid retaliation in kind. During the early 1950s, the British on a limited basis employed herbicides to destroy the crops of communist insurgents in Malaya. In 1961, President Ngo Dinh Diem of South Vietnam asked the United States to conduct aerial herbicide spraying in his country. In August of that year, the South Vietnamese Air Force initiated herbicide operations with American help. But Diem's request launched a policy debate in the White House and the State and Defense Departments. On one side were those who viewed herbicides as an economical and efficient means of stripping the Viet Cong of their jungle cover and food. Others, however, doubted the effectiveness of such a tactic and worried that such operations would both alienate friendly Vietnamese and expose the United States to charges of barbarism for waging a form of chemical warfare. Both sides agreed upon the propaganda risks of the issue. At last, in November 1961, President Kennedy approved the use of herbicides, but only as a limited experiment requiring South Vietnamese participation and the mission-by-mission approval of the United States Embassy, the Military Assistance Command Vietnam, and South Vietnam's government. Operation Ranch Hand, the designation for the program, began in January 1962. Gradually limitations were relaxed and the spraying became more frequent, and covered larger areas. By the time it ended nine years later, some eighteen million gallons of chemicals had been sprayed on an estimated twenty percent of South Vietnam's jungles, including thirty-six percent of its mangrove forests. The Air Force also carried out herbicide operations in Laos from December 1965 to September 1969 with the permission of the Laotian government.
Author : Etats-Unis. Office of air force history
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (661 download)
Download or read book The Air Force and Herbicides in Southeast Asia 1961-1971 written by Etats-Unis. Office of air force history and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : U. S. Military
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781549985614
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (856 download)
Download or read book Operation Ranch Hand written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-17 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Air Force publication provides a detailed history of the Air Force role in Operation Ranch Hand, which saw eighteen million gallons of chemicals sprayed on an estimated twenty percent of South Vietnam's jungles, including thirty-six percent of its mangrove forests. The Air Force also carried out herbicide operations in Laos from December 1965 to September 1969 with the permission of the Laotian government. One of a series of books detailing the Air Force's involvement in the war in Southeast Asia, this volume was written by Major William A. Buckingham, Jr., while assigned to the Office of Air Force History. The author rightly emphasizes that the Air Force served as an instrument of national policy in conducting the herbicide spraying. The book is a model study of the process by which military policy was made in the Southeast Asia War. Major Buckingham relates the intense controversy, both within the government and among the public, over the military, political, and ecological effects of the program. He connects policy to the operations, showing how pressure from scientists and disagreements among government policymakers and military leaders imposed limitations on the spraying program. He explores the technical difficulties in using herbicides: the right chemical agents had to be delivered in sufficient quantity at the optimal time of the growing season, only against certain crops and categories of vegetation, and only in areas where the destruction provided harm to the enemy and no danger to friendly or neutral populations. And Major Buckingham pays tribute to the bravery of the Ranch Hand airmen who flew their planes "low and slow" over territory often heavily defended by the enemy. Remarkably, Ranch Hand's UC-123 Providers took more than seven thousand hits from ground fire, but lost only a few crews and aircraft. Indeed, the most celebrated of the planes, "Patches," survived over six-hundred hits. The Ranch Hand operation was unique in the history of American arms, and may remain so. In April 1975, President Ford formally renounced the first use of herbicides by the United States in future wars. "As long as this policy stands," Major Buckingham writes, "no operation like Ranch Hand could happen again." Operation Ranch Hand: The Air Force and Herbicides in Southeast Asia * Chapter I - The Development of a Military Herbicide Capability * Chapter II - The Decision to Send Spray-Equipped C-123s to South Vietnam * Chapter III - The Deployment of Spray Aircraft to South Vietnam and Initial Defoliation Operations * Chapter IV - Early Evaluations and Expanded Operations * Chapter V - Crop Destruction Begins and Washington Further Relaxes Controls on Defoliation * Chapter VI - Ranch Hand's Mission Expands and Becomes Routine VII. Herbicides Reach Their Peak While the War Deepens and Widens * Chapter VIII - Herbicide Use Declines * Chapter IX - Ranch Hand Ends Its Work * Chapter X - Epilogue
Download or read book Operation Ranch Hand: Herbicides in Southeast Asia 1961-1971 written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the full text of a paper entitled "Operation Ranch Hand: Herbicides in Southeast Asia 1961-1971," by William A. Buckingham, Jr. Operation Ranch Hand was a military code name for the spraying of herbicides from U.S. Air Force aircraft in southeast Asia. Notes that one of the herbicides was Agent Orange. Offers information on the history of Operation Ranch Hand.
Author : Alvin Lee Young
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387874860
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (878 download)
Download or read book The History, Use, Disposition and Environmental Fate of Agent Orange written by Alvin Lee Young and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For almost four decades, controversy has surrounded the tactical use of herbicides in Southeast Asia by the United States military. Few environmental or occupational health issues have received the sustained international attention that has been focused on Agent Orange, the major tactical herbicide deployed in Southern Vietnam. With the opening and establishment of normal relations between the United States and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 1995, the time has come for a thorough re-examination of the military use of Agent Orange and other "tactical herbicides" in Southern Vietnam, and the subsequent actions that have been taking place since their use in Vietnam. The United States Department of Defense has had the major role in all military operations involving the use of tactical herbicides, including that of Agent Orange. This included the Department's purchase, shipment and tactical use of herbicides in Vietnam, its role in the disposition of Agent Orange after Vietnam, its role in conducting long-term epidemiological investigations of the men of Operation RANCH HAND, and its sponsorship of ecological and environmental fate studies. This book was commissioned by The Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Installations and Environment) with the intent of providing documentation of the knowledge on the history, use, disposition and environmental fate of Agent Orange and its associated dioxin.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309308933
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Post-Vietnam Dioxin Exposure in Agent Orange-Contaminated C-123 Aircraft written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-05-20 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 1972 to 1982, approximately 1,500-2,100 US Air Force Reserve personnel trained and worked on C-123 aircraft that had formerly been used to spray herbicides in Vietnam as part of Operation Ranch Hand. After becoming aware that some of the aircraft on which they had worked had previously served this purpose, some of these AF Reservists applied to the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) for compensatory coverage under the Agent Orange Act of 1991. The Act provides health care and disability coverage for health conditions that have been deemed presumptively service-related for herbicide exposure during the Vietnam War. The VA denied the applications on the basis that these veterans were ineligible because as non-Vietnam-era veterans or as Vietnam-era veterans without "boots on the ground" service in Vietnam, they were not covered. However, with the knowledge that some air and wipe samples taken between 1979 and 2009 from some of the C-123s used in Operation Ranch Hand showed the presence of agent orange residues, representatives of the C-123 Veterans Association began a concerted effort to reverse VA's position and obtain coverage. At the request of the VA, Post-Vietnam Dioxin Exposure in Agent Orange-Contaminated C-123 Aircraft evaluates whether or not service in these C-123s could have plausibly resulted in exposures detrimental to the health of these Air Force Reservists. The Institute of Medicine assembled an expert committee to address this question qualitatively, but in a scientific and evidence-based fashion. This report evaluates the reliability of the available information for establishing exposure and addresses and places in context whether any documented residues represent potentially harmful exposure by characterizing the amounts available and the degree to which absorption might be expected. Post-Vietnam Dioxin Exposure rejects the idea that the dioxin residues detected on interior surfaces of the C-123s were immobile and effectively inaccessible to the Reservists as a source of exposure. Accordingly, this report states with confidence that the Air Force Reservists were exposed when working in the Operation Ranch Hand C-123s and so experienced some increase in their risk of a variety of adverse responses.
Author : Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309075299
Total Pages : 791 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (752 download)
Download or read book Veterans and Agent Orange written by Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-15 with total page 791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Have U.S. military personnel experienced health problems from being exposed to Agent Orange, its dioxin contaminants, and other herbicides used in Vietnam? This definitive volume summarizes the strength of the evidence associating exposure during Vietnam service with cancer and other health effects and presents conclusions from an expert panel. Veterans and Agent Orange provides a historical review of the issue, examines studies of populations, in addition to Vietnam veterans, environmentally and occupationally exposed to herbicides and dioxin, and discusses problems in study methodology. The core of the book presents What is known about the toxicology of the herbicides used in greatest quantities in Vietnam. What is known about assessing exposure to herbicides and dioxin. What can be determined from the wide range of epidemiological studies conducted by different authorities. What is known about the relationship between exposure to herbicides and dioxin, and cancer, reproductive effects, neurobehavioral disorders, and other health effects. The book describes research areas of continuing concern and offers recommendations for further research on the health effects of Agent Orange exposure among Vietnam veterans. This volume will be critically important to both policymakers and physicians in the federal government, Vietnam veterans and their families, veterans organizations, researchers, and health professionals.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309162475
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans and Agent Orange Exposure written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 3 million U.S. military personnel were sent to Southeast Asia to fight in the Vietnam War. Since the end of the Vietnam War, veterans have reported numerous health effects. Herbicides used in Vietnam, in particular Agent Orange have been associated with a variety of cancers and other long term health problems from Parkinson's disease and type 2 diabetes to heart disease. Prior to 1997 laws safeguarded all service men and women deployed to Vietnam including members of the Blue Navy. Since then, the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) has established that Vietnam veterans are automatically eligible for disability benefits should they develop any disease associated with Agent Orange exposure, however, veterans who served on deep sea vessels in Vietnam are not included. These "Blue Water Navy" veterans must prove they were exposed to Agent Orange before they can claim benefits. At the request of the VA, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) examined whether Blue Water Navy veterans had similar exposures to Agent Orange as other Vietnam veterans. Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans and Agent Orange Exposure comprehensively examines whether Vietnam veterans in the Blue Water Navy experienced exposures to herbicides and their contaminants by reviewing historical reports, relevant legislation, key personnel insights, and chemical analysis to resolve current debate on this issue.
Author : Roger P. Fox
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Air Base Defense in the Republic of Vietnam, 1961-1973 written by Roger P. Fox and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael E. Haas
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780788149832
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (498 download)
Download or read book Apollo's Warriors written by Michael E. Haas and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-05 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a fascinating insider's view of U.S.A.F. special operations, this volume brings to life the critical contributions these forces have made to the exercise of air & space power. Focusing in particular on the period between the Korean War & the Indochina wars of 1950-1979, the accounts of numerous missions are profusely illustrated with photos & maps. Includes a discussion of AF operations in Europe during WWII, as well as profiles of Air Commandos who performed above & beyond the call of duty. Reflects on the need for financial & political support for restoration of the forces. Bibliography. Extensive photos & maps. Charts & tables.
Author : Paul Frederick Cecil
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (169 download)
Download or read book The Air Force Ranch Hand Project in Southeast Asia written by Paul Frederick Cecil and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Paul F. Cecil
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Herbicidal Warfare written by Paul F. Cecil and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1986 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1961, the United States Air Force began using chemical herbicides as a weapon in South-east Asia. The tactic lasted only ten years, but the controversy it provoked continues to this day. Criticisms range from the charge that the herbicides did irreparable damage to the Asian environment to the recent "Agent Orange" lawsuits claiming that the chemicals have caused U.S. servicemen and their children physical and mental impairments. While much attention has been given to these claims, little light has been cast on the actual history of the herbicidal operation, code-named RANCH HAND. This book is the history of this unique aviation mission, from its conception to its termination. It describes how the operation dispensed over 11 million gallons of chemicals over Southeast Asian jungles and croplands while flying unarmed, obsolescent aircraft at tree-top level. Based on the author's own experiences, hundreds of interviews with RANCH HAND veterans, and careful research of declassified primary sources, this book provides a comprehensive and in-depth view of the men who flew the missions and their role in the events in Southeast Asia. It also reviews the scientific reaction to herbicidal warfare and hoe the controversy that ensued eventually caused the cancellation of the operation. -- from Book Jacket.
