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On The Evolution Of The Firm Size Distribution
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Book Synopsis Institutional Effects on the Evolution of the Size Distribution of Firms by : Magnus Henrekson
Download or read book Institutional Effects on the Evolution of the Size Distribution of Firms written by Magnus Henrekson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper it is argued that the size distribution of firms may largely be determined by institutional factors. This hypothesis is tested in an exploratory fashion by studying the evolution of the size distribution of firms over time in Sweden for a period spanning from the late 1960s to the early 1990s. The data used are divided into finer size classes compared to most previous studies. This gives more scope for investigating the impact of institutions. Moreover, we use a unique data set, starting in 1984, to take account of corporate groups and government ownership. The analysis shows a poor development for intermediate-sized (10-199 employees) firms. This is likely to reflect the existence of a threshold that many firms are either unwilling or unable to cross. The analysis of the institutions and rules of the game determining the entrepreneurial and business conditions in Sweden indicate that the conditions have been unfavorable for small firms, and hence that too few small firms have managed to grow out of the smallest size classes. The conclusion is supported by an international comparison of the number of firms in different size classes. Data indicate that Sweden has fewer small (10-99 employees), and more large (500 ) firms per capita than other European countries.
Book Synopsis On the Evolution of the Firm Size Distribution by : Luís M. B. Cabral
Download or read book On the Evolution of the Firm Size Distribution written by Luís M. B. Cabral and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Evolution of the Firm Size Distribution and Nationality of Ownership by : Salvador Barrios Cobos
Download or read book The Evolution of the Firm Size Distribution and Nationality of Ownership written by Salvador Barrios Cobos and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Evolution of the Firm Size Distribution and Nationality of Ownership by : Salvador Barrios
Download or read book The Evolution of the Firm Size Distribution and Nationality of Ownership written by Salvador Barrios and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has recently been shown that the firm size distribution is initially skewed to the right and then evolves over time to become more log-normal, and argued that this is likely due to firms initially facing financial constraints, see Cabral and Mata (2003). We conjecture that, it this is true, then such a pattern should be much less apparent for multinational companies for which financial constraints arer generally considered to be lower than non-multinationals. Moreover, such a difference may be re-enforced by the fact that multinationals are less likely to face selection issues. These propositions are confirmed using plant level Irish manufacturing data.
Book Synopsis An Evolutionary Model of the Size Distribution of Firms by : Fariba Hashemi
Download or read book An Evolutionary Model of the Size Distribution of Firms written by Fariba Hashemi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analytical study of the evolution of the distribution of firm size in an industry is presented. A drift-diffusion model is proposed to express the time-evolution of density of firm size within the industry. The model blends the conventional, more or less static, determinants with the kinds of dynamic considerations introduced by stochastic processes of evolutionary dynamics. The steady-state distribution as well as the dynamic behavior of the model are derived. Parameters in the resulting analytical expressions are then fit to a population of firms in the non-manufacturing service sector. The empirical portion of the paper validates the proposed evolutionary model. Key words: Industry evolution - Evolutionary dynamics - Size distribution of firms - Diffusion processes - Learning - Imitation - Incomplete information - Bounded rationality - Survival analysis.
Book Synopsis On the Evolution of Firm Size Distributions by : Paolo Angelini
Download or read book On the Evolution of Firm Size Distributions written by Paolo Angelini and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the impact of financial constraints on firm size distribution (FSD). We find that financially constrained firms, identified using various proxies, are smaller than the others (their FSD is more skewed to the right). However, among OECD countries, the FSD of nonconstrained firms virtually overlaps that of the entire sample, suggesting that the overall impact of financial constraints on the FSD is modest. The difference is more pronounced in our sample of firms from non-OECD countries. We conclude that financial constraints cannot be considered the main determinant of the FSD evolution in developed economies.
Book Synopsis Firm Size, Innovation, and Market Structure by : Mariana Mazzucato
Download or read book Firm Size, Innovation, and Market Structure written by Mariana Mazzucato and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mazzucato (London Business School and Open University) uses evolutionary economics, non-linear mathematics, and computer simulation techniques to explore the determinants of market instability and concentration which characterize the market structure of many different industries. The book begins by reviewing the connection between firm size, innovation and market structure from a theoretical and empirical point of view. It then advances an evolutionary model which addresses positive and negative feedback within this relationship. The concluding chapters present the history of the American automobile industry as a case study. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Making It Big written by Andrea Ciani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic and social progress requires a diverse ecosystem of firms that play complementary roles. Making It Big: Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms constitutes one of the most up-to-date assessments of how large firms are created in low- and middle-income countries and their role in development. It argues that large firms advance a range of development objectives in ways that other firms do not: large firms are more likely to innovate, export, and offer training and are more likely to adopt international standards of quality, among other contributions. Their particularities are closely associated with productivity advantages and translate into improved outcomes not only for their owners but also for their workers and for smaller enterprises in their value chains. The challenge for economic development, however, is that production does not reach economic scale in low- and middle-income countries. Why are large firms scarcer in developing countries? Drawing on a rare set of data from public and private sources, as well as proprietary data from the International Finance Corporation and case studies, this book shows that large firms are often born large—or with the attributes of largeness. In other words, what is distinct about them is often in place from day one of their operations. To fill the “missing top†? of the firm-size distribution with additional large firms, governments should support the creation of such firms by opening markets to greater competition. In low-income countries, this objective can be achieved through simple policy reorientation, such as breaking oligopolies, removing unnecessary restrictions to international trade and investment, and establishing strong rules to prevent the abuse of market power. Governments should also strive to ensure that private actors have the skills, technology, intelligence, infrastructure, and finance they need to create large ventures. Additionally, they should actively work to spread the benefits from production at scale across the largest possible number of market participants. This book seeks to bring frontier thinking and evidence on the role and origins of large firms to a wide range of readers, including academics, development practitioners and policy makers.
Book Synopsis Technology and Market Structure by : John Sutton
Download or read book Technology and Market Structure written by John Sutton and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2001-01-26 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Sutton sets out a unified theory that encompasses two major approaches to studying market, while generating a series of novel predictions as to how markets evolve. Traditionally, the field of industrial organization has relied on two unrelated theories—the cross-section theory and the growth-of-firms theory—to explain cross-industry differences in concentration and within-industry skewness. The two approaches are based on very different mathematical structures and few researchers have attempted to relate them to each other. In this book, John Sutton unifies the two approaches through a theory that rests on three simple principles. The first two, a "survivor principle" that says that firms will not pursue loss-making strategies, and an "arbitrage principle" that says that if a profitable opportunity is available, some firm will take it, suffice to define a set of possible outcomes. The third, the "symmetry principle," says that the strategy used by a new entrant into any submarket depends neither on the entrants identity nor on its history in other submarkets. This allows researchers to bring together the roles of strategic interactions and of independence effects. The result is that the considerations motivating the cross-section tradition and those motivating the growth-of-firms tradition both drop out within a single game-theoretic model. This book follows Sutton's Sunk Costs and Market Structure, published by MIT Press in 1991.
Book Synopsis Economics of the Firm by : Michael Dietrich
Download or read book Economics of the Firm written by Michael Dietrich and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together some of the world's leading experts to present an interdisciplinary, critical perspective on current issues surrounding the economics of the firms. It eschews standard approaches to the economics of the firm (including analysis of transaction costs) in favour of a more interdisciplinary outlook, with evolutionary economics taken into account. Central to this is the concept of trust and the belief that any approach to the firm must recognize cultural and political factors. The chapters emphasize the themes of change and evolution and explore issues arising from the history and organization of firms. An important book, with contributions from Bart Nooteboom, Stavros Ioannides and Werner Holzl, this is an invaluable resource for postgraduate students of economics.
Book Synopsis Industry Dynamics and the Distribution of Firm Sizes: a Non-parametric Approach by :
Download or read book Industry Dynamics and the Distribution of Firm Sizes: a Non-parametric Approach written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the size distribution of young firms within some selected industries, trying to assess the empirical implications of different models of industry dynamics: the model of passive learning (Jovanovic 1982), the model of active learning (Ericson and Pakes, 1995), and the evolutionary model (Audretsch, 1995). We use a non-parametric technique, the Kernel density estimator, applied to a data set from the Italian National Institute for Social Security (INPS), consisting in 12 cohorts of new manufacturing firms followed for 6 years. Since the patterns of convergence to the limit distribution are different between industries, we conclude that the model of passive learning is consistent with some of them, the active exploration model with others, the evolutionary model with all of them.
Book Synopsis Firm Size Distribution by : Paolo Angelini
Download or read book Firm Size Distribution written by Paolo Angelini and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Size Distribution of Businesses, Part I by : John Sutton
Download or read book The Size Distribution of Businesses, Part I written by John Sutton and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the evolution of a skew distribution of firm sizes from the viewpoint of the ?Bounds? approach to market structure. It confines attention to the role played by non-strategic factors (statistical independence, and cost side-effects). A model is proposed, which leads to a prediction regarding the least skew size distribution which is likely to be observed. This distribution provides a benchmark relative to which the impact of strategic effects on the form of the size distribution may be assessed.
Download or read book The Growth of Firms written by Alex Coad and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research into firm growth has been accumulating at a terrific pace, and Alex Coad s survey of this multifaceted field provides a detailed, comprehensive overview of the latest developments. Much progress has been made in empirical research into firm growth in recent decades due to factors such as the availability of detailed longitudinal datasets, more powerful computers and new econometric techniques. This book provides an up-to-date catalogue of empirical work, as well as a coherent theoretical structure within which these new results can be interpreted and understood. It brings together a large body of recent research on firm growth from a multidisciplinary perspective, providing an up-to-date synthesis of stylized facts and empirical regularities. Numerous empirical findings and theories of firm growth are also surveyed and compared in order to evaluate their validity. Drawing on a vast and diverse body of research, this book will prove invaluable to students, academics, policy makers and practitioners with a need to keep abreast of studies in industrial organization, firm growth and management.
Book Synopsis Identifying Binding Constraints to Growth by : Mr.Mauricio Vargas
Download or read book Identifying Binding Constraints to Growth written by Mr.Mauricio Vargas and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-01-14 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As emphasized by Hausmann, Rodrik and Velasco, the policy challenge of boosting growth requires prioritization and identifying what are the most binding constraints. This paper draws on firm-level data from the World Bank Enterprise Survey, which suggests that the obstacles for the functioning of firms is related to firm size. Recognizing the potential endogeneity and simultaneity between firms' constraints and firm size, we implement an Ordered-Probit model with a potential categorical endogenous regressor to estimate, for the case of Bolivia, the conditional probability of facing obstacles given the firm size category, while controlling for other factors. The results confirm the importance of allowing for the roles of firm size in identifying constraints and suggest priorities for policies to remove constraints to economic performance.
Book Synopsis Emerging the U.S. Firm Size Distribution Using 4.2 Billion Individual Tax Records by : Joseph A.E. Shaheen
Download or read book Emerging the U.S. Firm Size Distribution Using 4.2 Billion Individual Tax Records written by Joseph A.E. Shaheen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The firm size distribution describes important economic and labor properties of any economy. Government entities must expend enormous resources in data collection, cleaning, and analysis in order to construct this and other important distributions describing the aggregate properties large economies. In the U.S., this process can be cumbersome and relies on querying multiple databases and utilizing significant computational resources. I show that construction of the U.S. firm size distribution is plausible using only individual income tax records (W2s) drawn directly from Internal Revenue Service tax records (micro data) and that the emergent distribution is statistically identical to what is reported by the United States Census Bureau. The methodology represents an incremental advance for population-scale studies in economic analysis -- specifically firm and labor analysis. Finally, this paper acts as a re-validation of earlier work in fitting the firm size distribution.
Book Synopsis Firm Size Distribution by : Paolo Angelini
Download or read book Firm Size Distribution written by Paolo Angelini and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We address the question in the title using survey-based measures of financial constraints, as opposed to the proxies typically used in the literature. We find that in our dataset of Italian firms, those declaring to be financially constrained are smaller and younger than the others. However, the size distribution of non constrained firms is significantly skewed, and virtually overlaps with the FSD for the entire sample. Similar conclusions are drawn from the analysis of a large subsample comprising very young firms. These results are broadly confirmed using several non survey-based proxies of financial constraints, and over a second large sample including firms from OECD and non OECD countries. The analysis of the latter dataset suggests that financial constraints are a relatively more serious problem in developing countries. We conclude that financial constraints cannot be the main determinant of the FSD evolution over time, especially in financially developed economies.
