Okinawan Diaspora

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Okinawan Diaspora

Author : Ronald Y. Nakasone
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824825300
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (253 download)

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Book Synopsis Okinawan Diaspora by : Ronald Y. Nakasone

Download or read book Okinawan Diaspora written by Ronald Y. Nakasone and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2002-02-28 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first Okinawan immigrants arrived in Honolulu in January 1900 to work as contract laborers on Hawai'i's sugar plantations. Over time Okinawans would continue migrating east to the continental U.S., Canada, Brazil, Peru, Argentina, Bolivia, Mexico, Cuba, Paraguay, New Caledonia, and the islands of Micronesia. The essays in this volume commemorate these diasporic experiences within the geopolitical context of East Asia. Using primary sources and oral history, individual contributors examine how Okinawan identity was constructed in the various countries to which Okinawans migrated, and how their experiences were shaped by the Japanese nation-building project and by globalization. Essays explore the return to Okinawan sovereignty, or what Nobel Laureate Oe Kenzaburo called an "impossible possibility," and the role of the Okinawan labor diaspora in Japan's imperial expansion into the Philippines and Micronesia. Contributors: Arakaki Makoto, Robert K. Arakaki, Hokama Shuzen, Edith M. Kaneshiro, Ronald Y. Nakasone, Nomura Koya, Shirota Chika, Tomiyama Ichiro, Wesley Ueunten.

The Okinawan Diaspora in Japan

Author : Steve Rabson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Okinawan Diaspora in Japan by : Steve Rabson

Download or read book The Okinawan Diaspora in Japan written by Steve Rabson and published by . This book was released on 2012-01-31 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a very readable narrative history of Okinawans in Japan, the first English-language book to cover that territory. Based on interviews, memoirs and other literature, oral histories, and survey responses, and engaging with important elements of the huge body of Japanese scholarship on Okinawa, this book offers a historical narrative interwoven with first-person accounts either translated or collected by the author.

The Okinawan Diaspora in Japan

Author : Steve Rabson
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824860330
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis The Okinawan Diaspora in Japan by : Steve Rabson

Download or read book The Okinawan Diaspora in Japan written by Steve Rabson and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2012-01-31 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The experiences of Okinawans in mainland Japan, like those of migrant minorities elsewhere, derive from a legacy of colonialism, war, and alien rule. Okinawans have long coped with a society in which differences are often considered “strange” or “wrong,” and with a central government that has imposed a mono-cultural standard in education, publicly priding itself on the nation’s mythical “homogeneity.” They have felt strong pressures to assimilate by adopting mainland Japanese culture and concealing or discarding their own. Recently, however, a growing pride in roots has inspired more Okinawan migrants and their descendants to embrace their own history and culture and to speak out against inequities. Their experiences, like those of minorities in other countries, have opened them to an acute and illuminating perspective, given voice in personal testimony, literature, and song. Although much has been written on Okinawan emigration abroad, this is the first book in English to consider the Okinawan diaspora in Japan. It is based on a wide variety of secondary and primary sources, including interviews conducted by the author in the greater Osaka area over a two-year period. The work begins with the experiences of women who worked in Osaka’s spinning factories in the early twentieth century, covers the years of the Pacific War and the prolonged U.S. military occupation of Okinawa, and finally treats the period following Okinawa’s reversion to Japan in 1972. Throughout, it examines the impact of government and corporate policies, along with popular attitudes, for a compelling account of the Okinawan diaspora in the context of contemporary Japan’s struggle to acknowledge its multiethnic society. The Okinawan Diaspora in Japan will find a ready audience among students of contemporary Japanese history and East Asian societies, as well as general readers interested in Okinawans and other minorities living in Japan.

Embodying Belonging

Author : Taku Suzuki
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824833449
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis Embodying Belonging by : Taku Suzuki

Download or read book Embodying Belonging written by Taku Suzuki and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2010-06-30 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embodying Belonging is the first full-length study of a Okinawan diasporic community in South America and Japan. Under extraordinary conditions throughout the twentieth century (Imperial Japanese rule, the brutal Battle of Okinawa at the end of World War II, U.S. military occupation), Okinawans left their homeland and created various diasporic communities around the world. Colonia Okinawa, a farming settlement in the tropical plains of eastern Bolivia, is one such community that was established in the 1950s under the guidance of the U.S. military administration. Although they have flourished as farm owners in Bolivia, thanks to generous support from the Japanese government since Okinawa’s reversion to Japan in 1972, hundreds of Bolivian-born ethnic Okinawans have left the Colonia in the last two decades and moved to Japanese cities, such as Yokohama, to become manual laborers in construction and manufacturing industries. Based on the author’s multisited field research on the work, education, and community lives of Okinawans in the Colonia and Yokohama, this ethnography challenges the unidirectional model of assimilation and acculturation commonly found in immigration studies. In its vivid depiction of the transnational experiences of Okinawan-Bolivians, it argues that transnational Okinawan-Bolivians underwent the various racialization processes—in which they were portrayed by non-Okinawan Bolivians living in the Colonia and native-born Japanese mainlanders in Yokohama and self-represented by Okinawan-Bolivians themselves—as the physical embodiment of a generalized and naturalized "culture" of Japan, Okinawa, or Bolivia. Racializing narratives and performances ideologically serve as both a cause and result of Okinawan-Bolivians’ social and economic status as successful large-scale farm owners in rural Bolivia and struggling manual laborers in urban Japan. As the most comprehensive work available on Okinawan immigrants in Latin America and ethnic Okinawan "return" migrants in Japan, Embodying Belonging is at once a critical examination of the contradictory class and cultural identity (trans)formations of transmigrants; a rich qualitative study of colonial and postcolonial subjects in diaspora, and a bold attempt to theorize racialization as a social process of belonging within local and global schemes.

Charting the Emerging Field of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology

Author : Douglas E. Ross
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 981991129X
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Charting the Emerging Field of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology by : Douglas E. Ross

Download or read book Charting the Emerging Field of Japanese Diaspora Archaeology written by Douglas E. Ross and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-29 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the Japanese diaspora from the historical archaeology perspective—drawing from archaeological data, archival research, and often oral history—and explores current trends in archaeological scholarship while also looking at new methodological and theoretical directions. The chapters include research on pre-War rural labor camps or villages in the US, as well as research on western Canada (British Columbia), Peru, and the Pacific Islands (Hawai‘i and Tinian), incorporating work on understudied urban and cemetery sites. One of the main themes explored in the book is patterns of cultural persistence and change, whether couched in terms of maintenance of tradition, “Americanization,” or the formation of dual identities. Other themes emerging from these chapters include consumption, agency, stylistic analysis, community lifecycles, social networks, diaspora and transnationalism, gender, and sexuality. Also included are discussions of trauma, racialization, displacement, labor, heritage, and community engagement. Some are presented as fully formed interpretive frameworks with substantial supporting data, while others are works in progress or tentative attempts to push the boundaries of our field into innovative new territory. This book is of interest to students and researchers in historical archaeology, anthropology, sociology of migration, diaspora studies and historiography. Previously published in International Journal of Historical Archaeology Volume 25, issue 3, September 2021

Japanese Diasporas

Author : Nobuko Adachi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135987238
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis Japanese Diasporas by : Nobuko Adachi

Download or read book Japanese Diasporas written by Nobuko Adachi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-10-03 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japanese Diasporas examines the relationship of overseas Japanese and their descendents (Nikkei) with their home and host nations, focusing on the political, social and economic struggles of Nikkei. Frequently abandoned by their homeland, and experiencing alienation in their host nations, the diaspora have attempted to carve out lives between two worlds. Examining Nikkei communities and Japanese migration to Manchuria, China, Canada, the Philippines, Singapore and Latin America, the book compares Nikkei experiences with those of Japanese transnational migrants living abroad. The authors connect theoretical issues of ethnic identity with the Japanese and Nikkei cases, analyzing the hidden dynamics of the social construction of race, ethnicity and homeland, and suggesting some of the ways in which diasporas are transforming global society today. Presenting new perspectives on socio-political and cultural issues of transnational migrants and diaspora communities in an economically intertwined world, this book will be of great interest to scholars of diaspora studies and Japanese studies.

Identity and Resistance in Okinawa

Author : Matthew Allen
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742517158
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (171 download)

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Book Synopsis Identity and Resistance in Okinawa by : Matthew Allen

Download or read book Identity and Resistance in Okinawa written by Matthew Allen and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2002 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Allen (Japanese history, U. of Auckland, New Zealand) describes and analyzes the complex questions of identity in Okinawa, with its separate culture and history from Japan, large American military presence, and religions connected with shamanism and agricultural rituals. Though written by a professor of history, the study is strongly interdisciplinary, employing fieldwork familiar to anthropology and models from psychology in its study of religion. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Liminality of the Japanese Empire

Author : Hiroko Matsuda
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824877071
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis Liminality of the Japanese Empire by : Hiroko Matsuda

Download or read book Liminality of the Japanese Empire written by Hiroko Matsuda and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Okinawa, one of the smallest prefectures of Japan, has drawn much international attention because of the long-standing presence of US bases and the people’s resistance against them. In recent years, alternative discourses on Okinawa have emerged due to the territorial disputes over the Senkaku Islands, and the media often characterizes Okinawa as the borderland demarcating Japan, China (PRC), and Taiwan (ROC). While many politicians and opinion makers discuss Okinawa’s national and security interests, little attention is paid to the local perspective toward the national border and local residents’ historical experiences of border crossings. Through archival research and first-hand oral histories, Hiroko Matsuda uncovers the stories of common people’s move from Okinawa to colonial Taiwan and describes experiences of Okinawans who had made their careers in colonial Taiwan. Formerly the Ryukyu Kingdom and a tributary country of China, Okinawa became the southern national borderland after forceful Japanese annexation in 1879. Following Japanese victory in the First Sino-Japanese War and the cession of Taiwan in 1895, Okinawa became the borderland demarcating the Inner Territory from the Outer Territory. The borderland paradoxically created distinction between the two sides, while simultaneously generating interactions across them. Matsuda’s analysis of the liminal experiences of Okinawan migrants to colonial Taiwan elucidates both Okinawans’ subordinate status in the colonial empire and their use of the border between the nation and the colony. Drawing on the oral histories of former immigrants in Taiwan currently living in Okinawa and the Japanese main islands, Matsuda debunks the conventional view that Okinawa’s local history and Japanese imperial history are two separate fields by demonstrating the entanglement of Okinawa’s modernity with Japanese colonialism. The first English-language book to use the oral historical materials of former migrants and settlers—most of whom did not experience the Battle of Okinawa—Liminality of the Japanese Empire presents not only the alternative war experiences of Okinawans but also the way in which these colonial memories are narrated in the politics of war memory within the public space of contemporary Okinawa.

Routledge Handbook of Race and Ethnicity in Asia

Author : Michael Weiner
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351246682
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Race and Ethnicity in Asia by : Michael Weiner

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Race and Ethnicity in Asia written by Michael Weiner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Race and Ethnicity in Asia introduces theoretical approaches to the study of race, ethnicity and indigeneity in Asia beyond those commonly grounded in the Western experience. The volume’s twenty-eight chapters consider not only the relationship between ethnic or racial minorities and the state, but social relations within and between individual and transnational communities. These shape not only the contours of governance, but also the means by which knowledge of national identity, ‘self ’, and ‘other’ have been constructed and reconstructed over time. Divided into four sections, it provides holistic and comparative coverage of South, South East, and East Asia, as well as Australasia and Oceania; an area that extends from Pakistan in the West to Hawai’i in the East. Contributors to this handbook offer a variety of disciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives, opening a domain of scholarship wherein the relationship between phenotype and racism is less pronounced than European and North American approaches, which have often privileged the so-called ‘colour stigmata’, leading to further exclusions of particular ethnic, racial, and indigenous communities. This volume seeks to overcome racism and white ideologies embedded in theories of race and ethnicity in Asia, proving a valuable resource to both students and scholars of comparative racial and ethnic studies, international relations and human rights.

Transcultural Japan

Author : David Blake Willis
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134204019
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (342 download)

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Book Synopsis Transcultural Japan by : David Blake Willis

Download or read book Transcultural Japan written by David Blake Willis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-11-27 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transcultural Japan provides a critical examination of being Other in Japan. Portraying the multiple intersections of race, ethnicity, class, and gender, the book suggests ways in which the transcultural borderlands of Japan reflect globalization in this island nation. The authors show the diversity of Japan from the inside, revealing an extraordinarily complex new society in sharp contrast to the persistent stereotypical images held of a regimented, homogeneous Japan. Unsettling as it may be, there are powerful arguments here for looking at the meanings of globalization in Japan through these diverse communities and individuals. These are not harmonious, utopian communities by any means, as they are formed in contexts, both global and local, of unequal power relations. Yet it is also clear that the multiple processes associated with globalization lead to larger hybridizations, a global mélange of socio-cultural, political, and economic forces and the emergence of what could be called trans-local Creolized cultures. Transcultural Japan reports regional, national, and cosmopolitan movements. Characterized by global flows, hybridity, and networks, this book documents Japan’s new lived experiences and rapid metamorphosis. Accessible and engaging, this broad-based volume is an attractive and useful resource for students of Japanese culture and society, as well as being a timely and revealing contribution to research scholars and for those interested in race, ethnicity, cultural identities and transformations.

Japanese Diasporas

Author : Nobuko Adachi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113598722X
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis Japanese Diasporas by : Nobuko Adachi

Download or read book Japanese Diasporas written by Nobuko Adachi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-10-03 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japanese Diasporas examines the relationship of overseas Japanese and their descendents (Nikkei) with their home and host nations, focusing on the political, social and economic struggles of Nikkei. Frequently abandoned by their homeland, and experiencing alienation in their host nations, the diaspora have attempted to carve out lives between two worlds. Examining Nikkei communities and Japanese migration to Manchuria, China, Canada, the Philippines, Singapore and Latin America, the book compares Nikkei experiences with those of Japanese transnational migrants living abroad. The authors connect theoretical issues of ethnic identity with the Japanese and Nikkei cases, analyzing the hidden dynamics of the social construction of race, ethnicity and homeland, and suggesting some of the ways in which diasporas are transforming global society today. Presenting new perspectives on socio-political and cultural issues of transnational migrants and diaspora communities in an economically intertwined world, this book will be of great interest to scholars of diaspora studies and Japanese studies.

Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages

Author : Patrick Heinrich
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 1501510711
Total Pages : 734 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages by : Patrick Heinrich

Download or read book Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages written by Patrick Heinrich and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-02-17 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The UNESCO atlas on endangered languages recognizes the Ryukyuan languages as constituting languages in their own right. This represents a dramatic shift in the ontology of Japan’s linguistic make-up. Ryukyuan linguistics needs to be established as an independent field of study with its own research agenda and objects. This handbook delineates that the UNESCO classification is now well established and adequate. Linguists working on the Ryukyuan languages are well advised to refute the ontological status of the Ryukyuan languages as dialects. The Ryukyuan languages constitute a branch of the Japonic language family, which consists of five unroofed Abstand (language by distance) languages.The Handbook of Ryukyuan Languages provides for the most appropriate and up-to-date answers pertaining to Ryukyuan language structures and use, and the ways in which these languages relate to Ryukyuan society and history. It comprises 33 chapters, written by the leading experts of Ryukyuan languages. Each chapter delineates the boundaries and the research history of the field it addresses, comprises the most important and representative information.

Southern Exposure

Author : Michael Molasky
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824823009
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Southern Exposure by : Michael Molasky

Download or read book Southern Exposure written by Michael Molasky and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2000-08-01 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Southern Exposure is the first anthology of Okinawan literature to appear in English translation, and it appears at a propitious time. Although Okinawa Prefecture comprises only one percent of Japan's population, its writers have been winning a disproportionate number of literary awards in recent years--including the prestigious Akutagawa Prize for fiction, which was awarded to Matayoshi Eiki in 1996 and to Medoruma Shun in 1997. Both Matayoshi and Medoruma are represented in this anthology, which includes a wide range of fiction as well as a sampling of poetry from the 1920s to the present day. Modern Okinawa has been forged by a history of conquest and occupation by mainland Japan and the United States. Its sense of dual subjugation and the propensity of its writers to confront their own complicity with Japanese militarism imbues Okinawa's literary tradition with insightful perspectives on a wide range of issues. But this tradition is as deeply rooted in the region's lush semitropical landscape as in the forces of history. As this anthology demonstrates, Okinawan writers often suffuse their works with a lyricism and humor that disarms readers while bringing them face to face with the region's richly ambiguous legacy.

Diaspora

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Diaspora by :

Download or read book Diaspora written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Ryukyu Kingdom

Author : Mamoru Akamine
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824855205
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ryukyu Kingdom by : Mamoru Akamine

Download or read book The Ryukyu Kingdom written by Mamoru Akamine and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2016-12-31 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This English translation of a key work by one of Okinawa’s most respected historians, Mamoru Akamine, provides a compelling new picture of the role played by the Ryukyu Kingdom in the history of East Asia. Okinawa Island, from which the present-day Japanese prefecture derives its name, is the largest of the Ryukyu Islands, an archipelago that stretches between Japan and Taiwan. In the present volume, Akamine chronicles the rise of the Ryukyu Kingdom in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, when it played a major part in East Asian trade and diplomacy. Then Ryukyu was indeed the cornerstone in a vibrant East Asian trade sphere centered on Ming China, linking what we now call Japan, Korea, and China to Southeast Asia. With historical and cultural connections to both Japan and China, Ryukyu also mediated diplomatically between the two nations, whose leaders more often than not refused to deal with each other directly. But eventually the kingdom became a victim of its own success. Political developments in China and Japan starting in the sixteenth century brought great changes to the region, and in 1609 Ryukyu was invaded by Satsuma, Japan’s southernmost domain. The China-Japan geopolitical rivalry would in time be acted out within Ryukyu itself, as one faction strove to maintain ties with China while another supported union with rapidly modernizing Japan. Throughout the work Akamine’s approach to Ryukyu history is distinguished by his expert use of Chinese and Korean sources, which allows him to examine events from several different angles. This contributes to a broad, sweeping narrative, revealing an East Asia made up of many shifting and interrelated parts—not just nation states pursuing their own interests. Akamine’s facility with Chinese texts in particular uncovers telling details that add considerably to the historical record. His meticulous account of one of Ryukyu’s tribute missions to China, for example, or the role of feng shui in the design of Shuri Castle, the royal and administrative center of the kingdom, is detailed without being pedantic. As a result, readers will come away with a broader, more informed understanding of Ryukyu’s significance in the region and the complexity of its relations with its neighbors.

Islands of Discontent

Author : Laura Elizabeth Hein
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780742518667
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis Islands of Discontent by : Laura Elizabeth Hein

Download or read book Islands of Discontent written by Laura Elizabeth Hein and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2003 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring contemporary Okinawan culture, politics, and historical memory, this book argues that the long Japanese tradition of defining Okinawa as a subordinate and peripheral part of Japan means that all claims of Okinawan distinctiveness necessarily become part of the larger debate over contemporary identity. The contributors trace the renascence of the debate in the burst of cultural and political expression that has flowered in the past decade, with the rapid growth of local museums and memorials and the huge increase in popularity of distinctive Okinawan music and literature, as well as in political movements targeting both U.S. military bases and Japanese national policy on ecological, developmental, and equity grounds. A key strategy for claiming and shaping Okinawan identity is the mobilization of historical memory of the recent past, particularly of the violent subordination of Okinawan interests to those of the Japanese and American governments in war and occupation. Its intertwining themes of historical memory, nationality, ethnicity, and cultural conflict in contemporary society address central issues in anthropology, sociology, contemporary history, Asian Studies, international relations, cultural studies, and post-colonial studies. Contributions by: Matt Allen, Linda Isako Angst, Asato Eiko, Gerald Figal, Aaron Gerow, Laura Hein, Michael Molasky, Steve Rabson, James E. Roberson, Mark Selden, and Julia Yonetani.

Alegal

Author : Annmaria M. Shimabuku
Publisher : Fordham Univ Press
ISBN 13 : 0823282678
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (232 download)

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Book Synopsis Alegal by : Annmaria M. Shimabuku

Download or read book Alegal written by Annmaria M. Shimabuku and published by Fordham Univ Press. This book was released on 2018-12-25 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Okinawan life, at the crossroads of American militarism and Japanese capitalism, embodies a fundamental contradiction to the myth of the monoethnic state. Suspended in a state of exception, Okinawans have never been officially classified as colonial subjects of the Japanese empire or the United States, nor have they ever been treated as equal citizens of Japan. As a result, they live amid one of the densest concentrations of U.S. military bases in the world. By bringing Foucauldian biopolitics into conversation with Japanese Marxian theorizations of capitalism, Alegal uncovers Japan’s determination to protect its middle class from the racialized sexual contact around its mainland bases by displacing them onto Okinawa, while simultaneously upholding Okinawa as a symbol of the infringement of Japanese sovereignty figured in terms of a patriarchal monoethnic state. This symbolism, however, has provoked ambivalence within Okinawa. In base towns that facilitated encounters between G.I.s and Okinawan women, the racial politics of the United States collided with the postcolonial politics of the Asia Pacific. Through close readings of poetry, reportage, film, and memoir on base-town life since 1945, Shimabuku traces a continuing failure to “become Japanese.” What she discerns instead is a complex politics surrounding sex work, tipping with volatility along the razor’s edge between insurgency and collaboration. At stake in sovereign power’s attempt to secure Okinawa as a military fortress was the need to contain alegality itself—that is, a life force irreducible to the legal order. If biopolitics is the state’s attempt to monopolize life, then Alegal is a story about how borderland actors reclaimed the power of life for themselves. In addition to scholars of Japan and Okinawa, this book is essential reading for anyone interested in postcolonialism, militarism, mixed-race studies, gender and sexuality, or the production of sovereignty in the modern world. Alegal is available from the publisher on an open-access basis.