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Ocular Pharmacology And Toxicology
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Book Synopsis Clinical Ocular Pharmacology by : Jimmy D. Bartlett
Download or read book Clinical Ocular Pharmacology written by Jimmy D. Bartlett and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1995 with total page 1080 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by experts in the field, this comprehensive resource offers valuable information on the practical uses of drugs in primary eye care. Discussions of the pharmacology of ocular drugs such as anti-infective agents, anti-glaucoma drugs, and anti-allergy drugs lead to more in-depth information on ocular drugs used to treat a variety of disorders, including diseases of the eyelids, corneal diseases, ocular infections, and glaucoma. The book also covers ocular toxicology, focusing on drug interactions, ocular effects of systemic drugs, and life-threatening systemic emergencies.
Book Synopsis Ocular Pharmacology and Toxicology by : Brian C. Gilger
Download or read book Ocular Pharmacology and Toxicology written by Brian C. Gilger and published by Humana. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering ocular pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicology, Ocular Pharmacology and Toxicology provides ophthalmologists, toxicologists, and pharmacologists with both an introduction to the proper methods for ocular pharmacology and toxicology as well as providing practical methodologies for conducting ocular studies. Expert authors have contributed detailed chapters on study design, analysis, and routes to regulatory approval for various types and routes of ophthalmic drugs. As a volume in the Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology series, chapters feature the kind of in-depth specifics and implementation advice to ensure successful results. Practical and authoritative, Ocular Pharmacology and Toxicology serves as an ideal basis of training in the proper design and conduct of essential studies to accurately determine pharmacokinetics and ocular toxicity from the systemic, topical, periocular, or intraocular administration of drugs or compounds, from the use of ocular medical devices and from ocular surgical procedures.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology by : Abialbon Paul
Download or read book Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology written by Abialbon Paul and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-13 with total page 1156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the pharmacological relationships between the various systems in the human body. It offers a comprehensive overview of the pharmacology concerning the autonomic, central, and peripheral nervous systems. Presenting up-to-date information on chemical mediators and their significance, it highlights the therapeutic aspects of several diseases affecting the cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrinal, and hematopoietic systems. The book also includes drug therapy for microbial and neoplastic diseases. It also comprises sections on immunopharmacology, dermatological, and ocular pharmacology providing valuable insights into these emerging and recent topics. Covering the diverse groups of drugs acting on different systems, the book reviews their actions, clinical uses, adverse effects, interactions, and subcellular mechanisms of action. It is divided into 11 parts, subdivided into several chapters that evaluate the basic pharmacological principles that govern the different types of body systems. This book is intended for academicians, researchers, and clinicians in industry and academic institutions in pharmaceutical, pharmacological sciences, pharmacy, medical sciences, physiology, neurosciences, biochemistry, molecular biology and other allied health sciences.
Book Synopsis Assessing Ocular Toxicology in Laboratory Animals by : Andrea B Weir
Download or read book Assessing Ocular Toxicology in Laboratory Animals written by Andrea B Weir and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-04 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocular toxicity is routinely assessed in toxicology studies conducted for regulatory purposes. Ocular anatomy and physiology and the assessment of ocular toxicity itself can be challenging to scientists involved in the safety assessment of pharmaceuticals, pesticides and other agents. Anatomical and physiological differences between species can impact the nature of ocular effects observed following intended or unintended exposure of ocular tissues to xenobiotics. Ocular Toxicity in Laboratory Animals provides a concise reference addressing ocular anatomy and physiology across species that will enhance the design and interpretation of toxicology studies conducted for regulatory purposes. The book provides an overview of routine and advanced techniques that are used to assess ocular toxicity including slit lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, electrophysiology and imaging methods for the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Additionally, the book defines the regulatory expectations for pharmaceuticals intended to treat ocular diseases and for other non-pharmaceutical regulated chemicals. With contributions from experts in the field, Ocular Toxicity in Laboratory Animals is an authoritative, accessible guide for toxicologists and other scientists involved in conducting toxicology studies for regulatory purposes and/or reviewing data from such studies.
Book Synopsis Drug-induced Ocular Side Effects and Drug Interactions by : Frederick T. Fraunfelder
Download or read book Drug-induced Ocular Side Effects and Drug Interactions written by Frederick T. Fraunfelder and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pharmacology of Ocular Therapeutics by : Thirumurthy Velpandian
Download or read book Pharmacology of Ocular Therapeutics written by Thirumurthy Velpandian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-29 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises an integrated review of ocular therapeutics across all relevant fields. It addresses the real-world requirements of ophthalmologists, pharmacists and optometrists, as observed through working alongside these practitioners for two decades. Knowledge surrounding agents used in ophthalmic practice has, historically, been scattered. The book facilitates understanding of ocular drug therapy by compiling all key aspects of the pharmacology, toxicology, pharmaceutical science, ocular biochemistry and cell biology of these agents. Chapters detail drug transfer across barriers, systemic toxicity of topically applied drugs, autonomic drugs used for diagnostics, as well as anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, glaucoma and antimicrobial therapies, and avenues for the development of new ocular drugs. Applications of extemporaneously prepared formulations are described to inform day-to-day clinical practice. The use of mucoadhesive polymers in tear substitutes, ocular drug delivery systems, stem cell therapy, pharmacogenomics and antiangiogenic ocular chemotherapy are also explored. The book also provides insights from drugs of herbal origin, and a historical perspective on drugs for ocular use. Practicing and resident ophthalmologists, optometrists, pharmacists, nursing professionals, scholars in ocular drug research and students will equally benefit from this comprehensive guide.
Book Synopsis The Actions and Uses of Ophthalmic Drugs by : P. H. O'Connor Davies
Download or read book The Actions and Uses of Ophthalmic Drugs written by P. H. O'Connor Davies and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Actions and Uses of Ophthalmic Drugs, Third Edition discuses the application and discrimination in the use of ophthalmic drugs. The book reviews the general pharmacological principles including drug nomenclature, pharmacological classification, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and the use of these drugs. Ophthalmic drugs (cycloplegics, mydriatics, miotics) directly or indirectly, stimulate or inhibit a part of the autonomic nervous system connected to the intra-ocular muscles. The text investigates in detail the structure and function of this involuntary nervous system in the orbital region as it is affected by these drugs. The book explains the different drug classifications, their therapeutic and diagnostic purposes, including the ideal properties, indications, contra-indications, mode of action, or adverse effects of cycloplegics, of mydriatics, and of miotics. The book also describes the uses and characteristics of local anesthetics, stains, anti-infective agents, and miscellaneous agents (antihistamines, vasoconstrictors). The text explains the different types of contact lens solutions, application of ocular first aid, as well as, the possible adverse ocular reactions that can occur during ophthalmic drug therapy. This book is suitable for optometrists, pharmacists, pharmacologists, students and professors related to the discipline of optometry and general medicine.
Book Synopsis Vaughan & Asbury's General Ophthalmology by : Paul Riordan-Eva
Download or read book Vaughan & Asbury's General Ophthalmology written by Paul Riordan-Eva and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2007-11-08 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classic reference covering the diagnosis and treatment of all major ophthalmic diseases, as well as neurological and systemic diseases causing visual disturbance-extensively revised and updated Features State-of-the-art coverage of diagnostic techniques and therapeutic interventions for the full range of ophthalmic disorders Chapters dedicated to ophthalmic therapeutics, neuro-ophthalmology, ocular disorders associated with systemic diseases, immunologic diseases of the eye, pediatrics, genetics, preventive ophthalmology and lasers The latest clinical perspectives on such topics as: Treatments for age-related macular degeneration, including anti-VEGF therapies Intraocular steroid injections for retinal diseases Immunomodulatory drugs Treatment of corneal infections Medical and surgical treatments for glaucoma Detailed appendices on visual standards, practical factors in illumination, rehabilitation of the visually handicapped, and special services available to the blind Latest references
Book Synopsis Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Methods in Clinical Pharmacology by : H.Gerhard Vogel
Download or read book Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Methods in Clinical Pharmacology written by H.Gerhard Vogel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-15 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug Discovery and Evaluation has become a more and more difficult, expensive and time-consuming process. The effect of a new compound has to be detected by in vitro and in vivo methods of pharmacology. The activity spectrum and the potency compared to existing drugs have to be determined. As these processes can be divided up stepwise we have designed a book series "Drug Discovery and Evaluation" in the form of a recommendation document. The methods to detect drug targets are described in the first volume of this series "Pharmacological Assays" comprising classical methods as well as new technologies. Before going to man, the most suitable compound has to be selected by pharmacokinetic studies and experiments in toxicology. These preclinical methods are described in the second volume „Safety and Pharmacokinetic Assays". Only then are first studies in human beings allowed. Special rules are established for Phase I studies. Clinical pharmacokinetics are performed in parallel with human studies on tolerability and therapeutic effects. Special studies according to various populations and different therapeutic indications are necessary. These items are covered in the third volume: „Methods in Clinical Pharmacology".
Book Synopsis Pharmacology of the Eye by : M.L. Sears
Download or read book Pharmacology of the Eye written by M.L. Sears and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Roots of the theory and practice of ocular pharmacology may be traced to the ancient Mesopotamian code of Hammurabi and then to several papyri reflecting the clinical interests of the Egyptians. The evolution of its art and science was irregularly paced until the nineteenth century when Kohler, in 1884, proved the anesthetic effect of cocaine on the cornea, and when Fraser, Laquer, Schmiedeberg, Meyer, and others studied the pharmacology of the autonomic nervous system by way of observations of the pupil. Advances in the past few decades have been nothing short of explosive. How can the student, physician, or basic research scientist stay in touch with these electrifying studies? To help with the answer to this question, the authors set as their goal the development of increased understanding so that the student, research scientist, and ophthalmologist can cope with the latest discoveries. The authors want to narrow what appears to be an ever-increasing gap between basic science and ophthalmology. The basic aspects of pharmacology have been presented in light of the natural physiology. In this regard, while distinctions among endogenous mechanisms, drug effects, and the pathogenesis of disease are to be separately recognized, appreciation must be given to the concept that both the desirable and unwanted manifestations or functions caused by either disease or drugs must very often represent a quantitative change in normal metabolic pathways.
Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Guide to Toxicology in Preclinical Drug Development by : Ali S. Faqi
Download or read book A Comprehensive Guide to Toxicology in Preclinical Drug Development written by Ali S. Faqi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 903 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Comprehensive Guide to Toxicology in Preclinical Drug Development is a resource for toxicologists in industry and regulatory settings, as well as directors working in contract resource organizations, who need a thorough understanding of the drug development process. Incorporating real-life case studies and examples, the book is a practical guide that outlines day-to-day activities and experiences in preclinical toxicology. This multi-contributed reference provides a detailed picture of the complex and highly interrelated activities of preclinical toxicology in both small molecules and biologics. The book discusses discovery toxicology and the international guidelines for safety evaluation, and presents traditional and nontraditional toxicology models. Chapters cover development of vaccines, oncology drugs, botanic drugs, monoclonal antibodies, and more, as well as study development and personnel, the role of imaging in preclinical evaluation, and supporting materials for IND applications. By incorporating the latest research in this area and featuring practical scenarios, this reference is a complete and actionable guide to all aspects of preclinical drug testing. - Chapters written by world-renowned contributors who are experts in their fields - Includes the latest research in preclinical drug testing and international guidelines - Covers preclinical toxicology in small molecules and biologics in one single source
Book Synopsis Ocular Therapeutics Handbook by : Bruce E. Onofrey
Download or read book Ocular Therapeutics Handbook written by Bruce E. Onofrey and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2012-03-28 with total page 1057 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocular Therapeutics Handbook: A Clinical Manual is directed at the needs of optometrists, nurses and primary care physicians and provides succinct, rapid access information for most common ocular problems encountered in a primary care setting. It is divided into three sections: Quick Reference, Ocular Therapeutics and Appendices. The Quick Reference section covers such topics as ocular microbiology, lab tests and procedures, pharmaceutical agents, and side effects of medications. The Ocular Therapeutics section discusses diseases, traumatic injuries, and ocular urgencies and emergencies. The appendices provide a summary of abbreviations, conversion charts, case report sheets and important phone numbers. The chapters have been developed to serve as a snapshot, presenting the clinician with the most relevant information regarding the pathophysiology and etiology of diseases, patient demographics, signs and symptoms, lab tests, and recommended approaches to treatment.
Book Synopsis Clinical Ocular Toxicology by : Frederick T. Fraunfelder
Download or read book Clinical Ocular Toxicology written by Frederick T. Fraunfelder and published by Saunders. This book was released on 2008 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by international authorities in ocular toxicology, including the Founder of The National Registry of Drug-Induced Side Effects and its current Director, this essential resource provides the clinically relevant information you need to effectively diagnose and manage herbal, chemical, and drug-related ocular problems. Comprehensive coverage of all drugs' generic and trade drug names, primary uses, ocular and systemic side effects, and clinical significance make this book - like its best-selling predecessor, Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects - the ideal reference for quick, on-the-spot consultation. Leaders in the field provide need-to-know information on all aspects of ocular toxicology-all in one concise reference. Data from the National Registry of Drug Induced Ocular Side-Effects (Casey Eye Institute, Portland, OR) and the World Health Organization (Uppsala, Sweden) help you recognize and avoid drug-induced ocular side effects. A highly templated format makes retrieval of essential knowledge quick and easy. A wealth of full-color photographs provide vivid, visual diagnostic guidance. The latest information on approved medications helps you stay up to date and provide state-of-the-art care. Extensive coverage of principles of therapy, ocular drug delivery, methods to evaluate drug-induced visual side effects, and the role of electrophysiology and psychophysics gives you the knowledge you need to manage any challenge in ocular toxicology Authoritative guidance on ocular drugs and their use in pregnancy helps you safely manage the unique needs of these patients. The inclusion of the WHO classification system helps you determine whether a particular side effect is certain, probable, or likely to occur.
Book Synopsis Oxford Handbook of Ophthalmology by : Alastair K. O. Denniston
Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Ophthalmology written by Alastair K. O. Denniston and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-24 with total page 1249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully revised and updated throughout, the fourth edition of the Oxford Handbook of Ophthalmology now includes free access to the ophthalmic online media bank, a selection of high-quality clinical images and videos for a wide breadth of key ophthalmic diseases. Clear, concise, and practical, this handbook provides immediate access to the detailed clinical information you need, in casualty, clinic, theatre, and on the wards. The core of the book comprises a systematic synopsis of ophthalmic disease directed towards diagnosis, interim assessment, and ongoing management. Assessment boxes for common clinical conditions and algorithms for important clinical presentations illustrate this practical approach. The information is easily accessible, presented in a clear format with areas of importance highlighted. Key sections for the trainee include: Clinical Skills, Aids to Diagnosis, Investigations and their Interpretation, Perioperative Care, Theatre Notes and Therapeutics. The wider practise of eye-care is supported by expanded chapters on Refractive Ophthalmology, Vision in Context, Evidence Based Ophthalmology and Resources for Ophthalmologists. Now including newer treatments across a range of specialities such as SMILE, gene-therapy and retinal prostheses, as well as greater emphasis on the evidence underlying current clinical practice and guidelines, this handbook has never been more essential for all those working in eye-care. Whether you want to learn about patient-reported outcomes, identify a surgical instrument, interpret a statistical test, or diagnose and treat ophthalmic emergencies, you will find it here. Whatever your role in caring for patients with eye disease: ophthalmologist, optometrist, orthoptist, ophthalmic nurse, or other health profession - discover for yourself why this handbook has become the 'go-to' resource for tens of thousands of eye-care professionals around the world.
Book Synopsis Principles of Toxicology Testing, Second Edition by : Frank A Barile
Download or read book Principles of Toxicology Testing, Second Edition written by Frank A Barile and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-04-02 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nationally, toxicology programs have evolved from a traditional exploration of the chemistry and applied toxicity of chemicals and drugs to a more comprehensive study of toxicology and toxicology testing as independent entities. Consequently, the second edition of Principles of Toxicology Testing starts with basic toxicological principles, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of toxins, including chemicals and drugs. The book then continues with animal (in vivo) and in vitro toxicology testing methods associated with toxicological analysis and preclinical drug development. As in the first edition, the book begins with an introduction into the fundamentals of toxicology (Section I) to prepare readers for the subsequent topics and continues through with a discussion of toxicokinetics and human risk assessment. This introductory material is useful in understanding the applications of toxicology testing. Section II describes the fundamental principles of toxicology testing in animals in greater detail. This section describes acute toxicity studies as well as subchronic and chronic studies performed on animals. Special emphasis is placed on study design and determination of classical indicators for acute and chronic testing, such as the LD50. The book examines other short- and long-term animal toxicity testing methodologies, including dermal, ocular, and reproductive toxicity testing. In addition, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies are also discussed in separate chapters. Section III introduces and discusses in vitro alternatives to animal toxicology tests. This section emphasizes cell culture methodology and cellular methods for acute systemic toxicity, target organ toxicity, and local toxicity. The contributors present the advantages and disadvantages of alternative methods. They also describe the use of high-throughput screening and its applications, the concepts of standardization and validation of in vitro techniques (especially large, organized validation efforts currently supported by US and EU regulatory agencies), and the theories supporting the development of in vitro methodologies. This second edition is a must-read for undergraduate and graduate toxicology students. Industrial and academic research centers will also find the text useful for establishing a toxicology testing laboratory.
Book Synopsis Equine Ophthalmology by : Brian C. Gilger
Download or read book Equine Ophthalmology written by Brian C. Gilger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now available in a fully updated third edition, Equine Ophthalmology is the most comprehensive and current clinical resource for the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmic disease in horses. Provides complete, authoritative information on the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmic disease in horses Fully updated with improved figures, the latest research, and new chapters on advanced diagnostics, foal ophthalmology, neuro-ophthalmology, national and international regulations, and an expanded chapter on inherited ocular disease Features contributions from an international group of equine experts, under the editorship of a leading equine veterinary specialist Offers comprehensive coverage of clinical and reference information ideal for specialists, general equine practitioners, and veterinary students alike Includes access to a companion website with expanded content and figures
Book Synopsis Ocular Drug Delivery: Advances, Challenges and Applications by : Richard T. Addo
Download or read book Ocular Drug Delivery: Advances, Challenges and Applications written by Richard T. Addo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-16 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eye is a computerized system that has been designed for self-defense, and these defense mechanisms create challenges in administration of medications to the eye. Therefore, ocular drug delivery has been a major challenge to drug delivery researchers. There are on-going studies, in search of treatment especially for the diseases affecting the posterior segment of the eye. This book gives and overview of the background of ocular drug delivery and is unique for pharmacists, medical practitioners, students and drug delivery researchers.
