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Occupational Wage Differentials
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Book Synopsis The Race between Education and Technology by : Claudia Goldin
Download or read book The Race between Education and Technology written by Claudia Goldin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a careful historical analysis of the co-evolution of educational attainment and the wage structure in the United States through the twentieth century. The authors propose that the twentieth century was not only the American Century but also the Human Capital Century. That is, the American educational system is what made America the richest nation in the world. Its educational system had always been less elite than that of most European nations. By 1900 the U.S. had begun to educate its masses at the secondary level, not just in the primary schools that had remarkable success in the nineteenth century. The book argues that technological change, education, and inequality have been involved in a kind of race. During the first eight decades of the twentieth century, the increase of educated workers was higher than the demand for them. This had the effect of boosting income for most people and lowering inequality. However, the reverse has been true since about 1980. This educational slowdown was accompanied by rising inequality. The authors discuss the complex reasons for this, and what might be done to ameliorate it.
Book Synopsis Occupational Wage Differentials by : Daphne Nicolitas
Download or read book Occupational Wage Differentials written by Daphne Nicolitas and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wage Differentials: An International Comparison by : Toshiaki Tachibanaki
Download or read book Wage Differentials: An International Comparison written by Toshiaki Tachibanaki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wages are a vital economic variable in their influence on employment and unemployment and as the main source of personal income, affecting both living standards and labour incentives. Wage determination is studied here in an international perspective, using a common theoretical framework and statistical method through the individual country chapters to reveal similarities and differences between Japan, South Korea, the United States, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, Germany and France.
Book Synopsis Toward a Theory of Occupational Wage Differentials by : Louis Romov Salkever
Download or read book Toward a Theory of Occupational Wage Differentials written by Louis Romov Salkever and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fairness and Occupational Wage Differentials by : Siobhan Austen
Download or read book Fairness and Occupational Wage Differentials written by Siobhan Austen and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Women, Work, and Wages by : National Research Council
Download or read book Women, Work, and Wages written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-02-01 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to determine whether methods of job analysis and classification currently used are biased by traditional sex stereotypes or other factors, a committee assessed formal systems of job evaluation and other methods currently employed in the private and public sectors for establishing the comparability of jobs and their levels of compensation. A review of sociological and economic literature shows that some differences in the characteristics of workers and in jobs do form a legitimate basis for wage differentials. Nevertheless, there exists a pervasiveness of occupational and job segregation by sex. Given the current operation of the labor market and the existence of a variety of factors that permit the persistence of earning differentials between men and women (e.g., labor market segmentation, job segregation, and employment practices), it would seem that intentional and unintentional discriminatory elements enter into the determination of wages and are not likely to disappear. Use of a job evaluation system is one possible remedy to this situation. While the subjectivity of job evaluation makes job evaluations less than perfect vehicles for resolving pay disputes, they can serve to identify potential wage discrimination. (MN)
Book Synopsis Inequality Around the World by : R. Freeman
Download or read book Inequality Around the World written by R. Freeman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most troubling developments of the past two decades has been the dramatic rise in inequality among nations and within nations. This book examines the nature of this development in a variety of countries and contexts - China, Russia, Australia, Latin America, Italy - where the rise of inequality has not been studied as intensively as the US or UK. It also presents analyses of some potential causes and consequences of the rise in inequality.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy by : Susan L. Averett
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy written by Susan L. Averett and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 889 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of women's lives over the past century is among the most significant and far-reaching of social and economic phenomena, affecting not only women but also their partners, children, and indeed nearly every person on the planet. In developed and developing countries alike, women are acquiring more education, marrying later, having fewer children, and spending a far greater amount of their adult lives in the labor force. Yet, because women remain the primary caregivers of children, issues such as work-life balance and the glass ceiling have given rise to critical policy discussions in the developed world. In developing countries, many women lack access to reproductive technology and are often relegated to jobs in the informal sector, where pay is variable and job security is weak. Considerable occupational segregation and stubborn gender pay gaps persist around the world. The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy is the first comprehensive collection of scholarly essays to address these issues using the powerful framework of economics. Each chapter, written by an acknowledged expert or team of experts, reviews the key trends, surveys the relevant economic theory, and summarizes and critiques the empirical research literature. By providing a clear-eyed view of what we know, what we do not know, and what the critical unanswered questions are, this Handbook provides an invaluable and wide-ranging examination of the many changes that have occurred in women's economic lives.
Book Synopsis Comparative Wages, Occupational Wage Differences, and Wage Determination by : Robert Leonard Raimon
Download or read book Comparative Wages, Occupational Wage Differences, and Wage Determination written by Robert Leonard Raimon and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Economic Emergence of Women by : B. Bergmann
Download or read book The Economic Emergence of Women written by B. Bergmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-09-16 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of a classic feminist book explains how one of the great historical revolutions - the ongoing movement toward equality between the sexes - has come about. Its origins are to be found, not in changing ideas, but in the economic developments that have made women's labour too valuable to be spent exclusively in domestic pursuits. The revolution is unfinished; new arrangements are needed to fight still-prevalent discrimination in the workplace, to achieve a more just sharing of housework and childcare between women and men, and, with the weakening of the institution of marriage, to re-erect a firm economic basis for the raising of children.
Book Synopsis Ebb and Flow in Trade Unionism by : Leo 1890- Wolman
Download or read book Ebb and Flow in Trade Unionism written by Leo 1890- Wolman and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Book Synopsis Occupational Wage Differences by : Robert Estey Strain
Download or read book Occupational Wage Differences written by Robert Estey Strain and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gender, Work and Wages in Industrial Revolution Britain by : Joyce Burnette
Download or read book Gender, Work and Wages in Industrial Revolution Britain written by Joyce Burnette and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-04-17 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major study of the role of women in the labour market of Industrial Revolution Britain. It is well known that men and women usually worked in different occupations, and that women earned lower wages than men. These differences are usually attributed to custom but Joyce Burnette here demonstrates instead that gender differences in occupations and wages were instead largely driven by market forces. Her findings reveal that rather than harming women competition actually helped them by eroding the power that male workers needed to restrict female employment and minimising the gender wage gap by sorting women into the least strength-intensive occupations. Where the strength requirements of an occupation made women less productive than men, occupational segregation maximised both economic efficiency and female incomes. She shows that women's wages were then market wages rather than customary and the gender wage gap resulted from actual differences in productivity.
Book Synopsis Wage differentials between the public and private sectors in India by : Elena E. Glinskaya
Download or read book Wage differentials between the public and private sectors in India written by Elena E. Glinskaya and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors use 1993-94 and 1999-2000 India Employment and Unemployment surveys to investigate wage differentials between the public and private sectors as well as workers' decisions to join a particular sector. To obtain robust estimates of the wage differential, they apply three econometric techniques each relying on a different set of assumptions about the process of job selection. All three methods show that differences in wages between public sector workers and workers in the formal-private and informal-casual sectors are positive and high. Estimates show that, on average, the public sector premium ranges between 62 percent and 102 percent over the private-formal sector, and between 164 percent and 259 percent over the informal-casual sector, depending on the choice of methodology.
Book Synopsis Intra-occupational Wage Differentials in Australia by : Patricia Apps
Download or read book Intra-occupational Wage Differentials in Australia written by Patricia Apps and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wage Inequality in Latin America by : Julián Messina
Download or read book Wage Inequality in Latin America written by Julián Messina and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-12-28 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What caused the decline in wage inequality of the 2000s in Latin America? Looking to the future, will the current economic slowdown be regressive? Wage Inequality in Latin America: Understanding the Past to Prepare for the Future addresses these two questions by reviewing relevant literature and providing new evidence on what we know from the conceptual, empirical, and policy perspectives. The answer to the fi rst question can be broken down into several parts, although the bottom line is that the changes in wage inequality resulted from a combination of three forces: (a) education expansion and its eff ect on falling returns to skill (the supply-side story); (b) shifts in aggregate domestic demand; and (c) exchange rate appreciation from the commodity boom and the associated shift to the nontradable sector that changed interfi rm wage diff erences. Other forces had a non-negligible but secondary role in some countries, while they were not present in others. These include the rapid increase of the minimum wage and a rapid trend toward formalization of employment, which played a supporting role but only during the boom. Understanding the forces behind recent trends also helps to shed light on the second question. The analysis in this volume suggests that the economic slowdown is putting the brakes on the reduction of inequality in Latin America and will likely continue to do so—but it might not actually reverse the region’s movement toward less wage inequality.
Book Synopsis Markets and Mortality by : Peter Dorman
Download or read book Markets and Mortality written by Peter Dorman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-02-23 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the author examines and ultimately rejects the conventional economic view that workers who have more dangerous jobs accept their risks voluntarily and are compensated through higher wages. In doing so, he attacks widely used techniques for assigning a monetary value to human life for cost-benefit analysis and other purposes. Arguments are drawn from the history of occupational safety and health, econometric analysis of wage and risk data, and formal models of the labour market. In place of the conventional view, Peter Dorman proposes a view based on new work in decision theory (thick rationality) and the theory of repeated games. These insights are combined with comparative policy analysis to support an approach to risk that promotes both regulatory effectiveness and democratic values. Despite its technical content, the book is written in highly accessible style, and is concerned with matters of general interest in the development of critical social science.
