Occult Spinal Dysraphism

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030109941
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Occult Spinal Dysraphism by : R. Shane Tubbs

Download or read book Occult Spinal Dysraphism written by R. Shane Tubbs and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-14 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers the known details of all subtypes of occult spinal dysraphism in unprecedented detail. This 21 chapter invaluable resource begins with a deep dive into the history and embryology of occult spinal dysraphisms. Following this, subtypes of occult spinal dysraphism are thoroughly explored — of which include split cord malformations, tethered cord syndromes, adult presentations/outcomes of occult spinal dysraphism, cutaneous stigmata. Chapters will cover the clinical presentation, radiological features, and surgical nuances of each of the occult spinal dysraphisms. Throughout the book, expertly written text is supplemented by a number of high quality figures and tables, as well as a video documenting surgical treatment of type 1 split cord malformation. By focusing on each entity currently grouped within this topic as a separate chapter, the most up-to-date information will be provided to the reader, making Occult Spinal Dysraphism a must-have resource for students, practitioners and medical professionals involved in treating spinal dsyraphism.

Spina Bifida

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 8847006511
Total Pages : 523 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Spina Bifida by : M. Memet Özek

Download or read book Spina Bifida written by M. Memet Özek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-29 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book to promote a multidisciplinary approach to Spina Bifida, providing the three main specialists categories involved – neurosurgeon, orthopedic surgeons, and urologists – with a concise reference that explains the main clinical problems to be faced in everyday clinical practice. The book also provides the busy specialist with an updated overview of surgical approaches.

Neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunction

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Author :
Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9179297889
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (792 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunction by : Peter Wide

Download or read book Neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunction written by Peter Wide and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-11 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spinal dysraphism (SD) is a congenital malformation that to a varying extent, often severely, affects the life of the child and the family. Most individuals with SD suffer from neurogenic bladder and bowel dysfunction—with the risk of urinary tract infections, renal deterioration, urinary and fecal incontinence—that affects social participation and quality of life negatively. In newborns with SD, early detection of neurogenic bladder dysfunction and determination of post-void residual urine are required to determine the need of clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) and follow-up. The non-invasive method of four-hour voiding observation with provocation test (VOP) was used to evaluate bladder function in 50 newborn children with SD. Voiding patterns for the children were described and compared with those of 50 healthy newborns evaluated with VOP in an earlier study. Comparison revealed significant differences among several variables. In particular, leakage at provocation test and not voiding with a stream were common in newborns with SD but did not occur in healthy newborns. VOP is a non-invasive standardized method to determine residual urine in newborns with SD. It also adds information on voiding pattern, frequency, voiding with a stream and leakage at provocation. Findings in neonatal VOP of the same cohort of newborns with SD were then related to radiology, presence of urinary tract infections during the first year, and urodynamic findings and use of CIC at the age of one year. It was found that, in children with SD, not voiding with a stream may have a predictive value for the need of CIC at the age of one year, followed probably by lifelong CIC. Despite this, the presence of an open SD per se has stronger predictive value, and each child needs to be evaluated individually while considering a number of factors. The main value of VOP may be as a structured non-invasive screening method to uncover neurogenic bladder-sphincter dysfunction in the newborn. Studies with a larger number of subjects than the present are needed to evaluate the potential of VOP in newborns with closed spinal dysraphism in whom the neurological consequences vary. A retrospective analysis detected renal damage on DMSA scintigraphy in 5 of 41 children with SD who were followed according to a proactive national program with minimal use of surgery. Median follow-up time was 10 years. High baseline pressure was confirmed as a risk factor for renal damage. Compliance with treatment and follow-up is likely to be an important factor for renal health. Therefore, efforts to support children and their families are crucial. A questionnaire-based study of 107 children with SD (age 6–16y) in Sweden and Norway examined aspects of treatment for neurogenic bowel dysfunction focusing on incontinence, independence, general satisfaction and quality of life. It was found that transanal irrigation (TAI) and antegrade colonic enemas (ACE) are effective treatments, but are time-consuming and difficult to perform independently. The majority of children using TAI (72%) and ACE (63%) never went to the toilet alone to empty their bowels. As children achieving independence on the toilet reported higher quality of life, efforts to support independence are beneficial. Continent, self-managing children with healthy kidneys enjoy high quality of life and contribute more fully to society. Therefore, further research is required to investigate and develop existing and new technologies and methods that mitigate the problems related to SD, and to make them accessible to all children with spinal dysraphism. Under de senaste 50 åren har det skett en enastående utveckling av möjligheterna för barn som föds med ryggmärgsbråck. Tidigare har majoriteten av barn med ryggmärgsbråck avlidit redan som spädbarn men idag överlever de flesta till vuxen ålder. Utan aktiva insatser och uppföljning är dock risken för medicinska problem och allvarlig påverkan på livet mycket stor. Nu när nästan alla barn överlever ligger fokus på att också nå okad livskvalitet och självständighet för personer med ryggmärgsbråck. Nästan alla med ryggmärgsbråck måste hantera en allvarlig påverkan på blåsan och tarmen med risk för njurskador, inkontinens och förstoppning. I avhandlingens två första studier värderade vi en metod att, med minimalt obehag för barnet, bedöma blåsfunktionen. Detta för att kunna skilja ut de barn som behöver genomgå mer avancerade undersökningar och få hjälp med blåstömningen genom täta tappningar med kateter, sa kallad ren intermittent kateterisering, RIK. När vi jämförde resultatet av testet för 50 nyfödda med ryggmärgsbråck med samma undersökning av 50 friska nyfödda fann vi stora skillnader. Mest tydligt var att de flesta nyfödda med ryggmärgsbråck (69%) men inga friska nyfödda läckte urin när man tryckte över blåsan. Av nyfödda med ryggmärgsbråck kissade de flesta (74%) inte med stråle vilket alla friska nyfödda gjorde. Att inte kissa med stråle talade också starkt för att barnet skulle komma att behöva hjälp med RIK för att tomma blåsan vid ett ars ålder, och då sannolikt livet ut. Sammantaget visade avhandlingens två första arbeten att den metod för bedömning av blåsfunktion vi undersökt kan användas för att styra uppföljning och behandling av nyfödda med ryggmärgsbråck. Avhandlingens tredje studie visade att aktiv uppföljning av barnen enligt ett nationellt vårdprogram lyckades förhindra njurskador hos de flesta, men att höga tryck i urinblåsan och återkommande urinvägsinfektioner ökade risken för skador. Även familjernas förmåga att i en pressad vardag klara av att genomföra de ofta krävande behandlingar och undersökningar som rekommenderas verkade vara viktig för att förhindra njurskador. Stöttning av familjerna är därför viktig. Avhandlingens fjärde arbete berörde tarmen som nästan alltid är påverkad vid ryggmärgsbråck, med risk för svår förstoppning och avföringsläckage. Detta har påtaglig påverkan på barnen och deras familjer. En tredjedel av de 107 familjerna i vår enkätundersökning i Sverige och Norge (barn 6-16 år) beskrev att man fått avstå från aktiviteter såsom resor på grund av barnets tarmproblem och de barn som hade avföringsläckage rapporterade tydligt lägre livskvalitet än andra. Trots denna allvarliga påverkan finns det hittills inga studier som jämför de olika behandlingar som barnet kan använda. I vår enkät kartlade vi därför vilka metoder som användes och hur bra de fungerade. Vi ställde frågor till både barn och föräldrar, särskilt om avföringsläckage, hur nöjd man var med metoden, barnens livskvalitet och självständighet på toaletten. Det var utifrån svaren tydligt att båda de vanligaste typerna av tarmsköljning var effektiva men tidskrävande och svara för barn och ungdomar att klara att utföra på egen hand. Ingen metod visade sig överlägsen den andra men de barn som klarade att skota tarmtomningen själva skattade sin livskvalitet klart högre än övriga. Vi drar därför slutsatsen att det är viktigt att vårdpersonal diskuterar de olika behandlingsalternativen med barn och föräldrar, och tillsammans med dem väljer den metod som passar det enskilda barnet bäst. Då skapas bästa förutsättningar för att gemensamt arbeta vidare för att uppnå största möjliga självständighet. Självständiga individer, med friska njurar och utan urin- och avföringsinkontinens upplever högre livskvalitet och behöver mindre sjukvård och andra samhällsinsatser. Det behövs mer forskning för att utveckla existerande och nya metoder att hantera de allvarliga komplikationer som riskerar att drabba barn och vuxna med ryggmärgsbråck.

Spina Bifida and Craniosynostosis

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Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1839629509
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (396 download)

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Book Synopsis Spina Bifida and Craniosynostosis by : Branislav Kolarovszki

Download or read book Spina Bifida and Craniosynostosis written by Branislav Kolarovszki and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive overview of spina bifida and craniosynostosis with emphasis on new trends in the management of these diseases. Chapters on spina bifida cover such topics as the etiology and pathophysiology of caudal neural tube defects, the overall management of pediatric patients with spina bifida, surgical treatment, and urological and orthopedic care. The chapters on craniosynostosis present new technologies of surgical treatment, craniomaxillofacial corrective surgery, and telescoping techniques with multiple cranial osteotomies.

Anesthesia for Spine Surgery

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107005310
Total Pages : 477 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Anesthesia for Spine Surgery by : Ehab Farag

Download or read book Anesthesia for Spine Surgery written by Ehab Farag and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-17 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to anesthesia specifically for spine surgery, explaining procedures from the point of view of both anesthesiologists and surgeons.

Oxford Textbook of Neurological Surgery

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198746709
Total Pages : 1177 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxford Textbook of Neurological Surgery by : Ramez Kirollos

Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Neurological Surgery written by Ramez Kirollos and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 1177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurosurgery is a rapidly developing and technically demanding branch of surgery that requires a detailed knowledge of the basic neuro-sciences and a thorough clinical approach. The Oxford Textbook of Neurological Surgery is an up-to-date, objective and readable text that covers the full scope of neurosurgical practice. It is part of the Oxford Textbooks in Surgery series, edited by Professor Sir Peter Morris. The book is split into 20 overarching sections (Principles of Neurosurgery, Neuro-oncology of Intrinsic Tumours; Extra-axial Tumours and Skull Lesions; Cerebro-Pontine Angle Tumours; Sellar and Supra-Sellar Tumours; Posterior Fossa Tumours; Pineal tumours; Uncommon Tumours and Tumour Syndromes; Neurotrauma and Intensive Care; Vascular Neurosurgery; Principles of Spinal Surgery; Spinal Pathology; Spinal Trauma; Peripheral Nerve Surgery; Functional Neurosurgery; Epilepsy; Paediatric Neurosurgery; Neurosurgery for Cerebrospinal Fluid Disorders and Neurosurgical Infection). Each section takes a dual approach with, 'Generic Surgical Management' chapters that focus on specific clinical problems facing the neurosurgeon (e.g. sellar/supra-sellar tumour, Intradural Spina Tumours etc.) and 'Pathology-Specific' chapters (e.g. Glioma, Meningeal Tumours, Scoliosis and Spinal Deformity, Aneurysm etc.). Where appropriate, this division provides the reader with easily accessible information for both clinical problems which present in a regional fashion and specific pathologies. The generic chapters cover aspects such as operative approaches, neuroanatomy and nuances. Specifically each chapter in the book incorporates several strands. Firstly the fundamental neuroscience (anatomy, pathology, genetics etc.) that underlies the clinical practice. Secondly, a review of the requisite clinical investigations (e.g. angiography, electrodiagnostics, radiology). Thirdly, a thorough evidence based review of clinical practice. Following this a consideration of the key debates and controversies in the field with 'pro-' and 'con-' sections (e.g. minimally invasive spine surgery, microsurgical treatment of aneurysms) is provided. A summary of the key papers and clinical scales relevant to neurosurgery form the concluding part. The book is a 'one-stop' text for trainees and consultants in neurosurgery, residents, those preparing for sub-specialty exams and other professionals allied to surgery who need to gain an understanding of the field. It acts as both a point of reference to provide a focussed refresher for the experienced neurosurgeon as well as a trusted training resource.

The Growing Spine

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540852077
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis The Growing Spine by : Behrooz A. Akbarnia

Download or read book The Growing Spine written by Behrooz A. Akbarnia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-31 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spinal disorders in very young children may be caused by a variety of conditions. The treatment of such conditions is often challenging due to the age of the patient and the progressive nature of the deformity. There also may be associated problems such as congenital anomalies, respiratory insufficiency, and neurological problems. Depending on the etiology of the deformity, these children are often cared for by multiple specialists including pediatricians, pediatric orthopaedists or orthopaedic spine surgeons, neurologists, pediatric surgeons, pediatric neurosurgeons, oncologists, and/or pulmonologists. Health professionals in all of the mentioned disciplines are involved in the management of these patients, which is why compiling a comprehensive textbook that is not limited to orthopedic specialists is essential. This textbook will effectively help to standardize the care of these patients. Furthermore, other professionals such as nurses, physical therapists and healthcare professionals in training are usually not familiar with these conditions and are in need of a reference book to consult when caring for children with spinal deformities.

Syringomyelia

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 443167893X
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis Syringomyelia by : N. Tamaki

Download or read book Syringomyelia written by N. Tamaki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surgical skill and imaging technology in the field of neurosurgery have developed remarkably during the past decade. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with high contrast resolution and multiplanar capabilities, allows for accurate preoperative localization and postoperative assessment of syringomyelia. Recent advances in dynamic MRI techniques have made it possible to evaluate normal and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow at the foramen magnum, within the syrinx, and in the spinal subarachnoid space, without invasion of the closed CSF system. These developments have yielded substantial information concerning various aspects of syringomyelia. However, many issues related to the pathophysiology and treatment of syringomyelia remain controversial. This book contains the scientific contributions presented at the international sym posium "Syringomyelia 2000:' held in Kobe, Japan, June 16-17,2000. The purpose of the symposium was to bring together experts in the fields of neurosurgery, neurol ogy, and neuropathology, in order to enhance the level and scope of their knowledge by making them more aware of work done in complementary fields. The contribu tions also report on clinical and basic studies pertinent to the topic of the sympo sium. This volume thus represents a comprehensive description of the state of the art regarding this disease in the hope that it may help to define comprehensively what is already known and to find new ways toward a better understanding of the patho physiology, diagnosis, and treatment of syringomyelia.

Neonatal Neurology

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Neonatal Neurology by : Gerald M. Fenichel

Download or read book Neonatal Neurology written by Gerald M. Fenichel and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Pediatric Spine II

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461388319
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (883 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pediatric Spine II by : Anthony J. Raimondi

Download or read book The Pediatric Spine II written by Anthony J. Raimondi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-09-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that the functionally significant body of knowledge for a given medical specialty changes radically every 8 years. New specialties and "sub specialization" are occurring at approximately an equal rate. Historically, estab lished journals have not been able either to absorb this increase in publishable material or to extend their readership to the new specialists. International and national meetings, symposia and seminars, workshops, and newsletters success fully bring to the attention of physicians within developing specialties what is occurring, but generally only in demonstration form without providing historical perspective, pathoanatomical correlates, or extensive discussion. Page and time limitations oblige the authors to present only the essence of their material. Pediatric neurosurgery is an example of a specialty that has developed during the past 15 years. Over this period, neurosurgeons have obtained special train ing in pediatric neurosurgery, and then dedicated themselves primarily to its practice. Centers, Chairs, and educational programs have been established as groups of neurosurgeons in different countries throughout the world organized themselves respectively into national and international societies for pediatric neurosurgery. These events were both preceded and followed by specialized courses, national and international journals, and ever-increasing clinical and investigative studies into all aspects of surgically treatable diseases of the child's nervous system.

Essentials of Pediatric Neuroanesthesia

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316608875
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (166 download)

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Book Synopsis Essentials of Pediatric Neuroanesthesia by : Sulpicio G. Soriano

Download or read book Essentials of Pediatric Neuroanesthesia written by Sulpicio G. Soriano and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-22 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to best practice in managing the perioperative care of pediatric neurosurgical patients.

Pediatric Neurology

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323033652
Total Pages : 2535 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Pediatric Neurology by : Kenneth F. Swaiman

Download or read book Pediatric Neurology written by Kenneth F. Swaiman and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 2535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Gold Standard in clinical child neurology presents the entire specialty in the most comprehensive, authoritative, and clearly written fashion. Its clinical focus, along with relevant science, throughout is directed at both the experienced clinician and the physician in training. New editor, Dr. Ferriero brings expertise in neonatal neurology to the Fourth Edition. New chapters: Pathophysiology of Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation, Pediatric Neurotransmitter Diseases, Neurophysiology of Epilepsy, Genetics of Epilepsy, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Medicine, Neuropsychopharmacology, Pain and Palliative Care Management, Ethical Issues in Child Neurology

Abrams' Urodynamics

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118844734
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis Abrams' Urodynamics by : Marcus Drake

Download or read book Abrams' Urodynamics written by Marcus Drake and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-31 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abrams’ Urodynamics A complete guide to urodynamic investigation in modern health care Urodynamic testing is an ever-advancing field with applications in the management of patients from across a wide range of clinical areas. Bringing together fundamental principles and cutting-edge innovations, Abrams’ Urodynamics has been designed as an all-in-one guide to Functional Urology and Urogynecology, offering direct, up-to-date instruction on how to best perform and understand urodynamic tests within the overall treatment pathway. Its chapters cover everything from everyday basic practice to advanced complex cases, and are enhanced with more than 450 helpful illustrations. Including numerous revisions and new features, this fourth edition of the book boasts: Coverage of all investigative approaches, including uroflowmetry, cystometry, video-urodynamics, and non-invasive techniques Details on the successful running of a urodynamic unit, with information on organizational issues, equipment set-up, and common problems and pitfalls Sections addressing children, women, men, the elderly, and neuropaths Extensive description of International Continence Society (ICS) Standards throughout Appendices that include ICS Standards and Fundamentals documents, ICIQ modules, and Patient Information Leaflets With its wealth of clinical tips, illustrations, new innovations, and hands-on advice, Abrams’ Urodynamics is essential reading for all those wishing to better integrate urodynamic testing into their daily practice.

The Newborn Book

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781938512278
Total Pages : 872 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis The Newborn Book by : Janelle L. Aby

Download or read book The Newborn Book written by Janelle L. Aby and published by . This book was released on 2014-10-30 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Newborn book is the essential reference for pediatric medical professionals that shows the significance of physical findings In the neonate.

Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia in Children

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107098777
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia in Children by : Stephen Mannion

Download or read book Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia in Children written by Stephen Mannion and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive resource available on pediatric ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia, covering core principles and practical guidance for all major blocks.

Hip Sonography

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540309586
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Hip Sonography by : R. Graf

Download or read book Hip Sonography written by R. Graf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-06 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a practice-oriented manual teaching the successful examination technique developed and taught by the author known as "Graf's technique". The book is based on the author's experience of more than 20 years. It is easy to read and provides a real "hands-on" manual giving numerous practical tips. The book includes the fundamentals of hip sonography, static as well as dynamic techniques, anatomical identification of the echograms, typing, a measurement technique and usability check. The book also contains an atlas including a summary of the essential data and demonstrating correct and incorrect sonograms in different variations.

Split Cord Malformations

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Author :
Publisher : Thieme
ISBN 13 : 9392819803
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Split Cord Malformations by : Ashok K. Mahapatra

Download or read book Split Cord Malformations written by Ashok K. Mahapatra and published by Thieme. This book was released on 2022-08-31 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Split Cord Malformations is written with the purpose of providing a complete overview of the management of this rare condition. The book benefits from the rich experience and expertise of its contributing authors in the management of spinal dysraphism in general and split cord malformation in particular. The book highlights the way a SCM patient must be treated to get excellent results. This book has 14 chapters dealing with all aspects of SCM ranging from embryology, diagnosis, and management. Key Features Clear depiction of the types of Split cord malformations. Various classification systems of SCM are covered along with their surgical implications. Dorsoventral spur, its pathogenesis, and treatment nuances are discussed in detail as it is a special condition needing special care to prevent spinal cord damage. Management of SCM type I and type II needs specific attention as they are of different nature. The explanations offered in the book cover both adequately. Protocol for SCM management is discussed along with long-term outcome. It also showcases a separate chapter on complex SCMs. The associated pathology like meningomyelocele, lipoma, thick filum, and congenital tumors must be managed on their own merit. Hence, proper diagnosis of the complex SCM helps in planning surgical strategy. Anesthesia consideration for planning surgery in small babies is essential which is thoroughly catered in this book.