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Obesity In America 1850 1939
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Book Synopsis Obesity in America, 1850-1939 by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book Obesity in America, 1850-1939 written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2008-08-29 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a study of obesity in America from 1850 to 1939, concentrating on how the condition was viewed, studied, and treated. It examines the images and stereotypes that were associated with fatness, the various remedies that were proposed for the condition, and the often bizarre theories used to explain it, including the idea that ordinary tap water was fattening. From about 1850 to 1879, obesity existed almost exclusively among the upper class, and it received very little medical attention. From 1880 to 1919, doctors, scientists, and other health professionals began to present a coherent theory of obesity. By 1920, the condition was recognized as a big enough health issue that various groups, ranging from private employers to public health officials, began developing some of the nation's first organized weight reduction programs.
Book Synopsis Chewing Gum in America, 1850-1920 by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book Chewing Gum in America, 1850-1920 written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans began chewing gum long before 1850, scraping resin from spruce trees, removing any bits of bark or insects and chewing the finished product. Commercially-made gum was of limited availability and came in three types--tree resin, pretroleum-based paraffin and chicle-based--the latter, a natural latex, ultimately eclipsing its rivals by 1920. Once considered a women-only bad habit, chewing gum grew in popularity and was soon indulged in by all segments of society. The gum industry tried vigorously to export the habit, but it proved uniquely American and would not stick abroad. This book examines the chewing gum industry in the United States from 1850 to 1920, the rise and spread of gum chewing and the reactions--nearly all negative--to the habit from editorial writers, reformers, religious figures, employers and the courts. The age-old problem of what to do with chewed gum--some saved it in lockets around their neck; some shared it with friends--is also covered.
Book Synopsis Begging in America, 1850-1940 by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book Begging in America, 1850-1940 written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2011-10-14 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The poverty that drives people to begging has been a pressing social issue in the United States since the beginning. This historical work explores begging1and beggars in the period 1850 to 1940, with emphasis on how the police, the courts, the media and private charity organizations dealt with them. Efforts to suppress mendicancy are explored, including legislation, police crackdowns, and public vouchers for meals and shelter. Of particular interest is the way in which media portrayals have guided public perception of mendicants. Despite the massive social upheavals the last two centuries have brought, all efforts to suppress begging have failed. Many of the complaints and arguments made against beggars and begging in 1850 and 1900 and 1940 were also made into the 21st century because, in the end, the public continued to give alms.
Book Synopsis Women and Bicycles in America, 1868-1900 by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book Women and Bicycles in America, 1868-1900 written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2019-11-12 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last third of the 1800s, America was struck by a bicycle craze. This trend massively impacted the lives of women, allowing them greater mobility and changing perceptions of women as weak or in need of chaperons. This book traces the history and development of the American bicycle, observing its critical role in the fight for gender equality. The bicycle radically changed the face of fashion, health and even morality and propriety in America. This thorough history traces the sweeping social advances made by women in relation to the development of the bicycle.
Book Synopsis The Women Who Got America Talking by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book The Women Who Got America Talking written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2017-08-11 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the need for telephone operators arose in the 1870s, the assumption was that they should all be male. Wages for adult men were too high, so boys were hired. They proved quick to argue with the subscribers, so females replaced them. Women were calmer, had reassuring voices and rarely talked back. Within a few years, telephone operators were all female and would remain so. The pay was low and working conditions harsh. The job often impaired their health, as they suffered abuse from subscribers in silence under pain of dismissal. Discipline was stern--dress codes were mandated, although they were never seen by the public. Most were young, domestic and anything but militant. Yet many joined unions and walked picket lines in response to the severely capitalistic, sexist system they worked under.
Book Synopsis The Electric Car in America, 1890-1922 by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book The Electric Car in America, 1890-1922 written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2019-04-11 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electric vehicle seemed poised in 1900 to be a leader in automotive production. Clean, odorless, noiseless and mechanically simple, electrics rarely broke down and were easy to operate. An electric car could be started instantly from the driver's seat; no other machine could claim that advantage. But then it all went wrong. As this history details, the hope and confidence of 1900 collapsed and just two decades later electric cars were effectively dead. They had remained expensive even as gasoline cars saw dramatic price reductions, and the storage battery was an endless source of problems. An increasingly frantic public relations campaign of lies and deceptive advertising could not turn the tide.
Book Synopsis Police Violence in America, 1869-1920 by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book Police Violence in America, 1869-1920 written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2016-08-04 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Police violence is not a new phenomenon. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, police officers in America assaulted or killed many ordinary citizens, often during improper detainments or arrests where no threat existed or no crime had been committed. Based on hundreds of newspaper accounts from 1869 through 1920, this history provides a chronological listing of interactions between police and unarmed citizens in which the citizens--some of them minors--were assaulted or killed. Police who committed such acts often lied to protect themselves, assisted by fellow officers and encouraging the media to demonize the victims. The author provides information on the prosecution and punishment of officers where available.
Download or read book Obesity written by Margaret Haerens and published by Greenhaven Publishing LLC. This book was released on 2011-11-02 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition delivers contemporary perspectives on obesity, with the majority of the material reflecting stances of countries other than the United States. Primary sources and essays from international sources present a truly panoramic view. Across four chapters, readers will learn about the global obesity epidemic, obesity factors, obesity effects, and anti-obesity policies. Countries included are Australia, Mexico, Africa, the Czech Republic, Pakistan, India, Italy, Ireland, Germany, Canada, Indonesia, France, and Japan. Essay sources include the Kuwait Times, International Association for the Study of Obesity, I.R.I.N., and Medical News.
Book Synopsis America Brushes Up by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book America Brushes Up written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2014-11-29 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This excursion into American cultural history looks at the toothpaste and toothbrush industries from 1900 to 2008. During these years, America moved from cleaning their teeth mostly with homemade powders to using an enormous array of brands, often applied with an electric toothbrush. From early 20th century products like Forhan's (which "cured" pyorrhea) to the whiteners of the 1920s (which unfortunately also removed tooth enamel), and from paste that eliminated "that clinging film" and to copywriters who "wondered where the yellow went," the history of toothpaste has long been a testament to the power of misleading advertising. Interrupting a steady flow of hyperbole was the one true wonder ingredient--fluoride, which enabled Crest to be for decades America's top-selling brand.
Book Synopsis The National Security League, 1914-1922 by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book The National Security League, 1914-1922 written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The early 20th century saw the founding of the National Security League, a nationalistic nonprofit organization committed to an expanded military, conscripted service and meritocracy. This book details its history, from its formation in December 1914 through 1922, at which point it was a spent force in decline. Founded by wealthy corporate lawyers based in New York City, it had secret backers in the capitalist class, who had two goals in mind. One was to profit immensely from the newly begun World War I. The other was to control the working classes in times of both war and peace. This agenda was presented to the public under the guise of preparedness, patriotism, and Americanization. Although the league was eventually found by Congress to have violated election spending limits, no sanctions of any kind were ever applied. This history details the secret machinations of an organization dedicated to solidifying the grip of the capitalist class over workers, all under the cover of American pride.
Book Synopsis "Masquerading in Male Attire" by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book "Masquerading in Male Attire" written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, American women have dressed as men for a number of reasons: to enter the military, to travel freely, to commit a criminal act, to marry other women--most often however to secure employment. During the 1800s and early 1900s, most jobs were barred to women, and those that were available to both sexes paid women far less. This book profiles both women who passed as men and were caught--even arrested--and those who successfully masqueraded for years. Whatever the motive, all took part in a common rebellion against an economic and social system that openly discriminated against them.
Book Synopsis The Hatpin Menace by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book The Hatpin Menace written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1887 and 1920, the humble hatpin went from an unremarkable item in every woman's wardrobe, to a fashion necessity, to a dangerous weapon (it was said). Big hair and big hats of the era meant big hatpins, and their weaponized use sparked controversy. There were "good" uses of hatpins, such as fending off an attacker in the street. There were also "bad" uses, such as when a woman being arrested tried to stab a police officer. But seriously: All those protruding pins seemed to threaten people everywhere in the public sphere. It did not sit well with the patriarchy, who responded with hysterical crusades and often ludicrous legislation aimed at curbing the hatpin and disarming American women.
Book Synopsis Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance in America, 1862-1920 by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance in America, 1862-1920 written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2014-09-06 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the 2013 revelations of Edward Snowden, Americans have come to realize that many of us may be under surveillance at any time. It all started 150 years ago on the battlefields of the Civil War, where each side tapped the other's telegraph lines. It continued in 1895, when the New York Police Department began to tap telephone lines. It was 20 years before it was public knowledge, and by then the NYPD was so busy tapping they had a separate room set aside for the purpose. Wiretapping really took off in 1910, when the dictograph--the first ready-to-use bug that anyone could operate--arrived, making it easier still to engage in electronic surveillance. Politicians bugged other politicians, corporations bugged labor unions, stockbrokers bugged other stockbrokers, and the police bugged everybody. And we were well on our way to the future that George Orwell envisioned, the world Edward Snowden revealed: Big Brother had arrived.
Book Synopsis Parking Cars in America, 1910-1945 by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book Parking Cars in America, 1910-1945 written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its decentralized urban areas, pollution, and mostly inadequate public transit systems, America pays a heavy price for its dependency on cars. This volume explores one of the more pressing aspects of the problem--storage--from 1910 to the end of World War II, contrasting the reality and perception of car parking as found in the pages of the popular newspapers and magazines. From early bans on street parking to street widening efforts to the introduction of parking lots, garages, and parking meters, the book chronicles attempts to accommodate the ever-increasing number of cars. By failing to effect any meaningful regulations along the way, this work shows, Americans slowly ceded authority and dominance to the automobile, to the detriment of present-day society.
Download or read book Fighting Fat written by Wendy Mitchinson and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2018-10-11 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the statistics for obesity have been alarming in the twenty-first century, concern about fatness has a history. In Fighting Fat, Wendy Mitchinson discusses the history of obesity and fatness from 1920 to 1980 in Canada. Through the context of body, medicine, weight measurement, food studies, fat studies, and the identity of those who were fat, Mitchinson examines the attitudes and practices of medical practitioners, nutritionists, educators, and those who see themselves as fat. Fighting Fat analyzes a number of sources to expose our culture’s obsession with body image. Mitchinson looks at medical journals, both their articles and the advertisements for drugs for obesity, as well as magazine articles and advertisements, including popular "before and after" weight loss stories. Promotional advertisements reveal how the media encourages negative attitudes towards body fat. The book also includes over 30 interviews with Canadians who defined themselves as fat, highlighting the emotional toll caused by the stigmatizing of fatness.
Book Synopsis Obesity: The Biography by : Sander L. Gilman
Download or read book Obesity: The Biography written by Sander L. Gilman and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-05-13 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the World Health Organization we are in the midst of a global obesity crisis. Is obesity a disease itself or a symptom of underlying physiological or psychological illnesses? Is it a sign of social excess and therefore not a disease in the medical sense at all? Is it really 'new'? Sander L. Gilman, a leading authority in the social and cultural history of the body, presents a fascinating account of the history of obesity, looking at the changing attitudes towards the body, from regarding it as 'God's temple' to more mechanical and practical concerns from the Enlightenment onwards. In the eighteenth century obesity was understood as a problem of the affluent; today the affluent are more likely to have a personal trainer and a healthier diet, and it is the poorer classes who are more likely to be overweight. Gilman considers obesity in many contexts - including a chapter on obesity in China and the impact of modernization and Westernization on this very different culture. Taking the issue up to the present day, Gilman examines the wider political and social implications obesity raises, considering whether obesity should be cured by diet or surgery, by psychotherapy or economic improvement, by healthier food choices or by social relocation.
Book Synopsis Beware the Masher by : Kerry Segrave
Download or read book Beware the Masher written by Kerry Segrave and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2014-02-26 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history of sexual harassment in America's public places, such as on the streets and on public transit vehicles, in the period 1880 to 1930. Such behavior was referred to then as mashing with the harasser most commonly being called a masher. It began around 1880 as a response to the women's movement as females in America increased their efforts to gain more freedom of movement and greater independence. Women going out and about on their own, or only with other women, threatened male dominance and control of society. One response by men was to turn to the sexual harassment of those women when they were alone in public places. This book looks at the extent of the problem, editorial opinions on the subject, the tendency to blame the victim, and the responses of women in the streets to the harassment. As well, the actions and reactions of the courts and the actions and reactions of the police are studied. Much of the sexual harassment of this period took place in the daytime hours, in busy areas of cities.
