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Nutrient Sources For Algae And Their Control
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Book Synopsis Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control by : George Patrick Fitzgerald
Download or read book Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control written by George Patrick Fitzgerald and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioassays for nutrient availability were evaluated to define conditions and limits under which each method can give meaningful results. The biological availability of algal nutrients in a water sample and the algal response to changes in the growth-limiting nutrient were measured. Factors other than insolubility prevent the nitrogen or phosphorus of certain samples of aerobic lake muds from being readily available for algal growth. The facts, that live algae and aquatic weeds do not share their adequate or surplus nutrients with nutrient-limited algae and that lake muds do not provide readily available nitrogen or phosphorus, indicate that once lake waters are stripped of available nutrients by plant production, further plant production will depend upon nutrients from continuous sources, such as wastewater effluents. Phosphorus-starved cells of Anabaena rapidly increase their capacity to reduce acetylene to ethylene when they receive phosphorus. This response may be used as a bioassay for detecting available phosphorus in aquatic ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control by : George Patrick Fitzgerald
Download or read book Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control written by George Patrick Fitzgerald and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control by : George Patrick Fitzgerald
Download or read book Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control written by George Patrick Fitzgerald and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control by :
Download or read book Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control by : U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control written by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.
Download or read book Algae written by Kristian N. Hagen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algae are photosynthetic organisms that occur in most habitats, ranging from marine and freshwater to desert sands and from hot boiling springs to snow and ice. They vary from small, single-celled forms to complex multicellular forms, such as the giant kelps of the eastern Pacific that grow to over 60 meters in length and form dense marine forests. Algae are found in the fossil record dating back to approximately 3 billion years in the Precambrian. They exhibit a wide range of reproductive strategies, from simple, asexual cell division to complex forms of sexual reproduction. Algae are important as primary producers of organic matter at the base of the food chain. They also provide oxygen for other aquatic life. Algae may contribute to mass mortality of other organisms, in cases of algal blooms, but they also contribute to economic well- being in the form of food, medicine and other products. In tropical regions, coralline algae can be as important as corals in the formation of reefs. Seaweeds are larger algae that live in the marine (salt or brackish water) environment. Kelps are large brown seaweeds in the genera Pelagophycus, Laminaria, Macrocystis, etc. In the Pacific, individual kelp plants may reach 65 meters in length. Marine algae, as primary producers, are ecologically important, and economically have been used as food and medicines for centuries. Today, various species of marine algae provide not only food but also produce extracts such as agar, carrageenans, and alginates. These extracts are used in numerous food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and industrial applications. This book presents the latest research from around the world in this increasingly important field.
Book Synopsis Clean Coastal Waters by : National Research Council
Download or read book Clean Coastal Waters written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-17 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over-enrichment can result in toxic algal blooms, shellfish poisoning, coral reef destruction, and other harmful outcomes. All U.S. coasts show signs of nutrient over-enrichment, and scientists predict worsening problems in the years ahead. Clean Coastal Waters explains technical aspects of nutrient over-enrichment and proposes both immediate local action by coastal managers and a longer-term national strategy incorporating policy design, classification of affected sites, law and regulation, coordination, and communication. Highlighting the Gulf of Mexico's "Dead Zone," the Pfiesteria outbreak in a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, and other cases, the book explains how nutrients work in the environment, why nitrogen is important, how enrichment turns into over-enrichment, and why some environments are especially susceptible. Economic as well as ecological impacts are examined. In addressing abatement strategies, the committee discusses the importance of monitoring sites, developing useful models of over-enrichment, and setting water quality goals. The book also reviews voluntary programs, mandatory controls, tax incentives, and other policy options for reducing the flow of nutrients from agricultural operations and other sources.
Book Synopsis Water Pollution Control Research Series 16010 EHR 08/71. Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control by : United States. Enviornmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Water Pollution Control Research Series 16010 EHR 08/71. Nutrient Sources for Algae and Their Control written by United States. Enviornmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Office of Water Resources Research Staff Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1475704089 Total Pages :590 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (757 download)
Book Synopsis Algae Abstracts by : Office of Water Resources Research Staff
Download or read book Algae Abstracts written by Office of Water Resources Research Staff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algae Abstracts is the first in a series of bibliographies on water re sources and pollution published by IFI/ Plenum Data Corporation in cooperation with the Water Resources Scientific Information Center (WRSIC). It is produced wholly from the information base compris ing material abstracted and indexed for Selected Water Resources Abstracts. The bibliography is divided into volumes according to the publication dates of the source documents. Volume 1 contains 569 abstracts cov ering publication dates up to and including 1969; Volume 2 contains 730 abstracts covering the years 1970 to 1972. The material included in this bibliography represents computer selections based on the presence of a form of the word "alga" somewhere in the referenced citation. Substantively, the material typifies WRSIC's "centers of com petence" approach to information support of the Office of Water Re sources Research (OWRR) of the Department of the Interior. Most of the references in this bibliography are the work of the center of competence on eutrophication at the University of Wisconsin. The indexes refer to the WRSIC accession number, which follows each abstract. The Significant Descriptor Index is made up of a fraction of the total descriptors and identifiers by which each paper has been indexed. It represents weighted terms that best describe the informa tion content; this status is indicated by the asterisks which precede them. The General Index includes all the remaining descriptors and identifiers by which each paper in this bibliography has been indexed.
Book Synopsis Harmful Algal Blooms by : Sandra E. Shumway
Download or read book Harmful Algal Blooms written by Sandra E. Shumway and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harmful Algal Blooms: A Compendium Desk Reference erläutert die Grundlagen der schädlichen Algenblüte (HAB) und bietet die notwendigen technischen Informationen, wenn es um unerwartete oder unbekannte schädliche Ereignisse in Zusammenhang mit Algen geht. Dieses Fachbuch behandelt die Gründe für die schädliche Algenblüte, erfolgreiche Management- und Monitoring-Programme, Kontroll-, Präventions- und Minderungsstrategien, die wirtschaftlichen Folgen, Gesundheitsrisiken sowie die Folgen für die Nahrungskette und Ökosysteme. Darüber hinaus bietet es ausführliche Informationen zu den häufigsten HAB-Arten. Harmful Algal Blooms: A Compendium Desk Reference ist ein unschätzbares Referenzwerk für Manager, Einsteiger in das Fachgebiet, Praktiker mit eingeschränkten Zugang zu wissenschaftlicher Literatur und alle, die schnell Zugriff auf Informationen benötigen, insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund neuartiger oder unerwarteter HAB-Ereignisse. Die drei Herausgeber gehören zu den weltweit führenden Forschern auf dem Fachgebiet. Führende Experten haben ebenfalls zu diesem Fachbuch beigetragen, das sich zu einem wichtigen Referenzwerk des Fachgebiets entwickeln wird, zumal das Thema immer mehr an Bedeutung gewinnt.
Author :Congressional Research Service Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781727035841 Total Pages :30 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (358 download)
Book Synopsis Freshwater Harmful Algal Blooms by : Congressional Research Service
Download or read book Freshwater Harmful Algal Blooms written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-09-04 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific research indicates that in recent years, the frequency and geographic distribution of harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been increasing nationally and globally. Because the impacts of HABs can be severe and widespread-often with interstate implications-these issues have been a perennial interest for Congress. While algal communities are natural components of healthy aquatic ecosystems, under certain conditions algae may grow excessively, or "bloom," and produce toxins that can harm human health, animals, aquatic ecosystems, and the economy. In 2014, a cyanobacterial HAB in Lake Erie affected the drinking water for more than 500,000 people in Toledo, Ohio. In 2016, a massive HAB in Florida's Lake Okeechobee negatively impacted tourism and aquatic life. HABs have been recorded in every state and have become a concern nationwide. Many types of algae can cause HABs in freshwater systems. The most frequent and severe blooms involve the proliferation of cyanobacteria. Some cyanobacteria species can produce cyanotoxins that can cause mild to severe health effects in humans and kill aquatic life and other animals. HABs can also contribute to deteriorating water quality and ecosystem health. As masses of cyanobacteria or other algae die and decompose, they consume oxygen, sometimes forming "dead zones" where life cannot survive. These areas can kill fish, crabs and clams, and have detrimental economic effects. Scientists widely consider nutrient enrichment to be a key cause of HAB formation. While nutrients are essential to plants and natural parts of aquatic ecosystems, excessive amounts can overstimulate algal growth. Sources include point sources (e.g., municipal wastewater discharges) and nonpoint sources (e.g., fertilizer runoff from agricultural and urban areas). Congress, federal agencies, and states have taken steps to address HABs and nutrients that contribute to their occurrence. The Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act of 1998 established an interagency task force, required the task force to prepare reports and plans addressing marine and freshwater HABs, and authorized funding for research, education, monitoring activities, etc. In December 2016, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) used its authority under the Clean Water Act (CWA) to propose water quality criteria for two algal toxins in waters used for recreational purposes. States use such criteria when developing water quality standards-measures that describe the desired condition or level of protection of a water body and what is needed for protection. Further, EPA has emphasized the need to reduce nutrient pollution from all sources to reduce public health and environmental impacts associated with HABs. The CWA does not authorize EPA to regulate all sources. It authorizes EPA to regulate point (direct) sources of nutrients but does not authorize EPA to regulate nonpoint (diffuse) sources of nutrient pollution. Some states have developed guidelines for algal toxins, primarily for use in guiding swimming advisories. Also, states have listed waters as impaired, or not meeting water quality standards, for algal blooms or algal toxins. Some of these states have begun to develop Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)-essentially pollution budgets-to address them. Most states have identified nutrient-related pollution as a priority to be addressed by their TMDLs and/or alternative restoration plans. States rely heavily on financial assistance from EPA in implementing these plans and, more broadly, in addressing nonpoint source pollution that leads to degraded water quality and HAB formation. Congress has long provided financial assistance through EPA for regional, state, and local programs through CWA Sections 106 and 319 planning grants, geographic programs (such as the Chesapeake Bay and Great Lakes), and other sources. The President's FY2019 budget request for most of these programs is either eliminated or significantly reduced.
Book Synopsis Nutrient Control Actions for Improving Water Quality in the Mississippi River Basin and Northern Gulf of Mexico by : National Research Council
Download or read book Nutrient Control Actions for Improving Water Quality in the Mississippi River Basin and Northern Gulf of Mexico written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-08-13 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large area of coastal waters in the northern Gulf of Mexico experiences seasonal conditions of low levels of dissolved oxygen, a condition known as hypoxia. Excess discharge of nutrients into the Gulf of Mexico from the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers causes nutrient overenrichment in the gulf's coastal waters and stimulates the growth of large algae blooms. When these algae die, the process of decomposition depletes dissolved oxygen from the water column and creates hypoxic conditions. In considering how to implement provisions of the Clean Water Act to strengthen nutrient reduction objectives across the Mississippi River basin, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requested advice from the National Research Council. This book represents the results of the committee's investigations and deliberations, and recommends that the EPA and U.S. Department of Agriculture should jointly establish a Nutrient Control Implementation Initiative to learn more about the effectiveness of actions meant to improve water quality throughout the Mississippi River basin and into the northern Gulf of Mexico. Other recommendations include how to move forward on the larger process of allocating nutrient loading caps-which entails delegating responsibilities for reducing nutrient pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus-across the basin.
Book Synopsis Guidelines on recreational water quality. Volume 1 by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Guidelines on recreational water quality. Volume 1 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-07-12 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use of coastal, estuarine and freshwater recreational environments has significant benefits for health and well-being, including rest, relaxation, exercise, cultural and religious practices, and aesthetic pleasure, while also providing substantial local, regional and national economic benefits. These guidelines focus on water quality management for coastal and freshwater environments to protect public health. The guidelines: 1. describe the current state of knowledge about the possible adverse health impacts of various forms of water pollution; and2. set out recommendations for setting national health-based targets, conducting surveillance and risk assessments, putting in place systems to monitor and control risks, and providing timely advice to users on water safety.These guidelines are aimed at national and local authorities, and other entities with an obligation to exercise due diligence relating to the safety of recreational water sites. They may be implemented in conjunction with other measures for water safety (such as drowning prevention and sun exposure) and measures for environmental protection of recreational water use sites.
Book Synopsis Dhasco and Arasco Oils as Sources of Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Infant Formula by :
Download or read book Dhasco and Arasco Oils as Sources of Long-chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Infant Formula written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Algae and Environmental Sustainability by : Bhaskar Singh
Download or read book Algae and Environmental Sustainability written by Bhaskar Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the dynamic role of algae in a sustainable environment. Two major aspects, namely bioenergy and bioremediation, have been elaborated in various chapter contributed by scientists and teachers from different geographical areas throughout the world. Algal biofuels is an emerging area of equal interest to researchers, industries, and policy makers working or focusing on alternative (i.e. renewable) fuels. Algae have been an area of interest due to their wide range of applications. Over the last 5 decades, eukaryotic algae have been used in the aquaculture industry as feed for invertebrates, providing a rich source of antioxidants, dietary fiber, minerals and protein. More recently, there has been a focus on the use of algal biomass in the development of alternative fuels. The extraction of oil from algae has been widely explored as a much more viable feedstock than plant-based oils in large-scale fuel production. using algae as feedstock has the advantages that it doesn’t require arable land and that wastewater can be used as a source of nutrients in their culture. The multifunctional approach of algae includes pollution remediation, carbon sequestration, biofuels production, and delivery of value-added products. However, there are still some obstacles that need to be overcome to make their use as potential feedstock for biofuels techno-economically feasible. In order to maintain the sustainability aspect of algal biofuels, various aspects have to be studied and critically analyzed to assess the long-term sustainability of algal derived biofuels. This book discusses the role of algae as a promising future feedstock for biofuels. They are known to sequester carbon in much larger amounts than plants and as such the book also describes their phycoremediation potential for conventional as well as emerging contaminants. It describes the role of anaerobic digestion in algal biorefineries; bioreactions and process parameters; biogas recovery and reuse. The role of algal biofilm based technology in wastewater treatment and transforming waste into bio-products is discussed, and remediation of sewage water through algae is assessed. The book also describes the production of biohydrogen, bio-oil, biodiesel; and the major bottlenecks in their usage. The emerging characterization techniques of these biofuels (bio-oil and biodiesel) are described, as are the decolorizing potential of algae and the genetic engineering techniques that could enhance the production of lipids in algae. Other aspects of the book include the role of remote sensing technology in the monitoring of algae and a life cycle assessment of algal biofuels.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251305625 Total Pages :227 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018 by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2018 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture emphasizes the sector’s role in achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals, and measurement of progress towards these goals. It notes the particular contributions of inland and small-scale fisheries, and highlights the importance of rights-based governance for equitable and inclusive development. As in past editions, the publication begins with a global analysis of trends in fisheries and aquaculture production, stocks, processing and use, trade and consumption, based on the latest official statistics, along with a review of the status of the world’s fishing fleets and human engagement and governance in the sector. Topics explored in Parts 2 to 4 include aquatic biodiversity; the ecosystem approach to fisheries and to aquaculture; climate change impacts and responses; the sector’s contribution to food security and human nutrition; and issues related to international trade, consumer protection and sustainable value chains. Global developments in combating illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, selected ocean pollution concerns and FAO’s efforts to improve capture fishery data are also discussed. The issue concludes with the outlook for the sector, including projections to 2030. As always, The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture aims to provide objective, reliable and up-to- date information to a wide audience, including policy-makers, managers, scientists, stakeholders and indeed all those interested in the fisheries and aquaculture sector.
Book Synopsis Eutrophication: causes, consequences and control by : Abid A. Ansari
Download or read book Eutrophication: causes, consequences and control written by Abid A. Ansari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-17 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eutrophication continues to be a major global challenge to water quality scientists. The global demand on water resources due to population increases, economic development, and emerging energy development schemes has created new environmental challenges to global sustainability. Eutrophication, causes, consequences, and control provides a current account of many important aspects of the processes of natural and accelerated eutrophication in major aquatic ecosystems around the world. The connections between accelerated eutrophication and climate change, chemical contamination of surface waters, and major environmental and ecological impacts on aquatic ecosystems are discussed. Water quality changes typical of eutrophication events in major climate zones including temperate, tropical, subtropical, and arid regions are included along with current approaches to treat and control increased eutrophication around the world. The book provides many useful new insights to address the challenges of global increases in eutrophication and the increasing threats to biodiversity and water quality.
