Numerical Simulations Of Blood Flow Through The Carotid Artery Bifurcation

Author : Xiaohong Yu
Publisher : Open Dissertation Press
ISBN 13 : 9781361480168
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (81 download)

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Download or read book Hemodynamic Analysis of Blood Flows in Carotid Bifurcations written by Xiaohong Yu and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Hemodynamic Analysis of Blood Flows in Carotid Bifurcations" by Xiaohong, Yu, 于曉紅, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled "Hemodynamic Analysis of Blood Flows in Carotid Bifurcations" Submitted by Yu Xiaohong for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in April 2007 The hemodynamic mechanism for the initiation and development of atherosclerosis in the carotid artery has been investigated in detail by researchers. Regardless of the pathology of atherosclerosis (or, later, stenosis), once the constriction is present in the carotid artery, the flow pattern and other characteristics will be changed significantly near this diseased segment. Given the complex geometry and flow patterns in this artery, it is difficult to explore these changes experimentally. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), developed rapidly in recent years, could be used to study various aspects of cardiovascular diseases and, consequently, help clinicians or physiologists to understand the mechanical environments in normal and diseased arteries or diseased organs. The present study mainly explores the numerical simulation and focuses on the flow property variation caused by different factors in the carotid bifurcation, such as flow division ratio between two exits, the stenosis severity, morphology of the stenosis, flow rate waveform, Womersley number of the inlet flow, and rheologic behavior of the blood. By inspecting these impacts, the present study provides a variety of pictures of blood flows in both normal and diseased carotid arteries, in which the wall shear stress distribution, pressure drop, flow patterns and some other hemodynamic characteristics are analyzed. From this information, the situation of the vessel wall and the blood are evaluated, and the risk of stroke for each situation is given. For the normal carotid artery, if the flow rate divided to the internal carotid artery (ICA) is smaller than the averaged one, the vessel wall near the sinus of the ICA will be in a worse condition. For the stenosed carotid artery, the severer the stenosis the larger the risk of stroke. For the different morphology of the constriction in a diseased carotid artery, the eccentric one seems to have a larger chance of developing stroke. In the realistic range of Womersley numbers for human beings, the larger the Womersley number the worse the condition of the vessel wall. As far as investigating the rheologic behavior of the blood is concerned, the Newtonian assumption for most of the study seems to overestimate the adverse environment of the vessel wall and the blood in a diseased carotid artery. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3864700 Subjects: Hemodynamics - Mathematical models Hemodynamics - Simulation methods Carotid artery - Diseases Cerebrovascular disease