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Nigerian Pidgin Vs Tok Pisin A Comparison Of The Grammar
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Book Synopsis Nigerian Pidgin Vs. Tok Pisin by : Julia Burg
Download or read book Nigerian Pidgin Vs. Tok Pisin written by Julia Burg and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-07 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Freiburg (Englisches Seminar), course: Pidgins and Creoles, 7 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction Nigeria and Papua New Guinea are two of many countries which have adopted English as their main language. But having so many other, substrate languages influencing the development of a English-speaking country, two major pidgin languages developed: Nigerian Pidgin and Tok Pisin. If one wants to compare these two pidgins with each other, it seems almost inevitable to consider their great geographical distance as well as their historical differences. But my intent in this work is not to elaborate on the status and function and development of the two pidgins but on their differences in grammar. Therefore I'll mainly focus on the noun phrase and the verb phrase. 2. Morphology 2.1 Plural marking on nouns in Tok Pisin The majority of the English based Creole and Pidgin languages both at the Atlantic coast and the South Sea waive marking plurality on nouns or rather use it very optionally. Thus, the same applies to Nigerian Pidgin and Tok Pisin. But if there occurs the need to make a clear distinction between singular and plural both pidgins absolutely dispose of a pluralizer. In Tok Pisin the most common way to express plurality is by the use of the particle ol, which at the same time is identical to the third person plural pronoun. Ol, clearly derived from the English 'all', occurs before the noun as opposed to the post-nominal English plural marking suffix -s. (1) Mi lukim dok. (2) Mi lukim ol dok. I saw the dog. I saw the dogs. (Siegel) But according to Geoff P. Smith (2002), " there is a great deal of variability, and the presence or absence of ol is still somewhat unpredictable" (p 66). This can clearly be seen in the following example, in w
Book Synopsis Word-formation Processes in Pidgins and Creoles. A Comparison of Tok Pisin and Papiamentu by : Sarah Antonia Gallegos García
Download or read book Word-formation Processes in Pidgins and Creoles. A Comparison of Tok Pisin and Papiamentu written by Sarah Antonia Gallegos García and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-09-23 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (Amerikanistik), course: Proseminar English Linguistics - Pidgins and Creoles, language: English, abstract: Pidgins and Creoles are often considered to have a lower status than “real” languages. But they do have grammar, phonetics and also morphology and therefore should not be marked with a bad connotation. In contrast: they are full developed languages. The theory that “morphology [is] essentially alien to creole languages” is not verified anymore and has to be revised (Seuren, Wekker 1986). It is a fact that Pidgins and Creoles have less morphology and lexicon than their lexifiers, but nevertheless a sufficient lexicon does exist and even with interesting differences between the languages. We can see this on Holm’s statement that “Papiamentu’s historical movement toward Spanish has included its early relexification and lexical expansion as well as later structural borrowing.”, which shows clearly that word-formation processes on lexicon in Papiamentu exist. As well for Tok Pisin it is said that “the lexical influence of local languages on the pidgin was considerable.” (Holm 2000). In this term paper, I will explore the interesting topic of word-formation processes in Tok Pisin and in Papiamentu: what do they have in common, are there any differences, and which reasons can be found for that? From all the existing wordformation processes I will examine borrowing and conversion in detail. All this will be mainly investigated on the works of Sebba, Holm, Mühlhäusler, Plag, Bartens and on the basis of Kouwenberg. To understand the differences and similarities in the word-formation processes better, we have to consider briefly the historical background of the two languages: Tok Pisin is spoken in Papua New Guinea and was colonized and as a consequence thereof influenced in the 19th century by the English, the German and the Dutch. Above all the established Samoa plantations in 1860 by the Germans had an enormous influence on the development of this Pidgin, because it was used for communication with the inhabitants. Papiamentu instead is spoken in Netherlands Antilles including Curaçao, Aruba and Bonaire and was colonized by the Spaniards and the Dutch in the 16th and 17th century. Later on came the Sephardic Jews with their trinlingualism as well and influenced this Creole. This caused a lack of a homogenous superstrate in Papiamentu. This inhomogeneity is also underlined by the belonging islands: Papiamentu on Curaçao borrows more from Dutch, whereas Papiamentu on Aruba borrows more from Spanish and English.
Book Synopsis A Grammar of Nigerian Pidgin by : Nicholas Gregory Faraclas
Download or read book A Grammar of Nigerian Pidgin written by Nicholas Gregory Faraclas and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nigerian Pidgin by : Nicholas Faraclas
Download or read book Nigerian Pidgin written by Nicholas Faraclas and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nigerian Pidginis the first comprehensive grammar of what has become one of the most widely spoken languages of Africa and the most widely spoken pidgin language in the world. The work consists of a detailed descriptive and analytic treatment of the syntax, morphology and phonology of Nigerian Pidgin, as well as preliminary studies of the lexicon and semantics of the language. The data and analysis presented in this book are based on samples of spontaneous speech collected in markets, workplaces, private homes and other sites throughout South Eastern Nigeria. This volume is further complemented by a full bibliography.
Book Synopsis Toward a Reference Grammar of Tok Pisin by : John W. M. Verhaar
Download or read book Toward a Reference Grammar of Tok Pisin written by John W. M. Verhaar and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nigerian Pidgin written by Nick Faraclas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive grammar of Nigerian Pidgin. This book provides basic descriptive and analytical treatment of the syntax, morphology and phonology of a language which may soon become the most widely spoken in all of Africa.
Book Synopsis Pidgins and Creoles by : Jacques Arends
Download or read book Pidgins and Creoles written by Jacques Arends and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1994-12-20 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introduction to the linguistic study of pidgin and creole languages is clearly designed as an introductory course book. It does not demand a high level of previous linguistic knowledge. Part I: General Aspects and Part II: Theories of Genesis constitute the core for presentation and discussion in the classroom, while Part III: Sketches of Individual Languages (such as Eskimo Pidgin, Haitian, Saramaccan, Shaba Swahili, Fa d'Ambu, Papiamentu, Sranan, Berbice Dutch) and Part IV: Grammatical Features (such as TMA particles and auxiliaries, noun phrases, reflexives, serial verbs, fronting) can form the basis for further exploration. A concluding chapter draws together the different strands of argumentation, and the annotated list provides the background information on several hundred pidgins, creoles and mixed languages. Diversity rather than unity is taken to be the central theme, and for the first time in an introduction to pidgins and creoles, the Atlantic creoles receive the attention they deserve. Pidgins are not treated as necessarily an intermediate step on the way to creoles, but as linguistic entities in their own right with their own characteristics. In addition to pidgins, mixed languages are treated in a separate chapter. Research on pidgin and creole languages during the past decade has yielded an abundance of uncovered material and new insights. This introduction, written jointly by the creolists of the University of Amsterdam, could not have been written without recourse to this new material.
Book Synopsis Social and Linguistic History of Nigerian Pidgin English by : Anna Barbag-Stoll
Download or read book Social and Linguistic History of Nigerian Pidgin English written by Anna Barbag-Stoll and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Language Contact in the Early Colonial Pacific by : Emanuel J. Drechsel
Download or read book Language Contact in the Early Colonial Pacific written by Emanuel J. Drechsel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-27 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a historical-sociolinguistic description and analysis of Maritime Polynesian Pidgin. It offers linguistic and sociohistorical substantiation for a regional Eastern Polynesian-based pidgin, and challenges conventional Eurocentric assumptions about early colonial contact in the eastern Pacific by arguing that Maritime Polynesian Pidgin preceded the introduction of Pidgin English by as much as a century. Emanuel J. Drechsel not only opens up new methodological avenues for historical-sociolinguistic research in Oceania by a combination of philology and ethnohistory, but also gives greater recognition to Pacific Islanders in early contact between cultures. Students and researchers working on language contact, language typology, historical linguistics and sociolinguistics will want to read this book. It redefines our understanding of how Europeans and Americans interacted with Pacific Islanders in Eastern Polynesia during early encounters and offers an alternative model of language contact.
Book Synopsis Nigerian Pidgin by : Ben Ohiọmamhẹ Elugbe
Download or read book Nigerian Pidgin written by Ben Ohiọmamhẹ Elugbe and published by Hebn Publishers. This book was released on 1991 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive grammar of Nigerian Pidgin. This book provides basic descriptive and analytical treatment of the syntax, morphology and phonology of a language which may soon become the most widely spoken in all of Africa.
Book Synopsis Language and Linguistic Diversity in the US by : Susan Tamasi
Download or read book Language and Linguistic Diversity in the US written by Susan Tamasi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly engaging textbook presents a linguistic view of the history, society, and culture of the United States. It discusses the many languages and forms of language that have been used in the US – including standard and nonstandard forms of English, creoles, Native American languages, and immigrant languages from across the globe – and shows how this distribution and diversity of languages has helped shape and define America as well as an American identity. The volume introduces the basic concepts of sociolinguistics and the politics of language through cohesive, up-to-date and accessible coverage of such key topics as dialectal development and the role of English as the majority language, controversies concerning language use in society, languages other than English used in the US, and the policies that have directly or indirectly influenced language use. These topics are presented in such a way that students can examine the inherent diversity of the communicative systems used in the United States as both a form of cultural enrichment and as the basis for socio-political conflict. The author team outlines the different viewpoints on contemporary issues surrounding language in the US and contextualizes these issues within linguistic facts, to help students think critically and formulate logical discussions. To provide opportunities for further examination and debate, chapters are organized around key misconceptions or questions ("I don't have an accent" or "Immigrants don't want to learn English"), bringing them to the forefront for readers to address directly. Language and Linguistic Diversity in the US is a fresh and unique take on a widely taught topic. It is ideal for students from a variety of disciplines or with no prior knowledge of the field, and a useful text for introductory courses on language in the US, American English, language variation, language ideology, and sociolinguistics.
Book Synopsis The Routledge Companion to English Language Studies by : Janet Maybin
Download or read book The Routledge Companion to English Language Studies written by Janet Maybin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible guide to the major topics, debates and issues in English Language Studies. Established knowledge and more recent developments in the field are clearly examined and explained by well-known language specialists from a range of backgrounds.
Book Synopsis African American, Creole, and Other Vernacular Englishes in Education by : John R. Rickford
Download or read book African American, Creole, and Other Vernacular Englishes in Education written by John R. Rickford and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive bibliography provides more than 1600 references to publications from the past half century on education in relation to African American Vernacular English, English-based pidgins and creoles and other vernacula Englishes, with accompanying abstracts for many.
Book Synopsis Bislama Reference Grammar by : Terry Crowley
Download or read book Bislama Reference Grammar written by Terry Crowley and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2004-05-31 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bislama is the national language of Vanuatu, the world's most linguistically diverse nation with at least 80 actively spoken Oceanic languages used by about 200,000 people. Bislama began as a plantation pidgin based on English in the nineteenth century, but it has since developed into a unique language with a grammar and vocabulary very different from English. It is one of very few national languages for which there is no readily available reference grammar. This book aims to fill this gap by providing an extensive account of the grammar of Bislama as it is used by ordinary Ni-Vanuatu. It does not, therefore, aim to describe any kind of artificial written norm but sets out to capture a range of different kinds of ways that Ni-Vanuatu will say things in various contexts, both written and spoken, formal and informal. The thrust of this volume is to show that Bislama has a grammar—an unfamiliar concept for those educated in Vanuatu. It also shows that Bislama is a language of considerable complexity, which will come as a surprise to many of its users, who have been taught to view their language as somehow "simple" and even "deficient."
Book Synopsis Bislama Reference Grammar by : Terry Crowley
Download or read book Bislama Reference Grammar written by Terry Crowley and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2004-05-31 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bislama is the national language of Vanuatu, the world's most linguistically diverse nation with at least 80 actively spoken Oceanic languages used by about 200,000 people. Bislama began as a plantation pidgin based on English in the nineteenth century, but it has since developed into a unique language with a grammar and vocabulary very different from English. It is one of very few national languages for which there is no readily available reference grammar. This book aims to fill this gap by providing an extensive account of the grammar of Bislama as it is used by ordinary Ni-Vanuatu. It does not, therefore, aim to describe any kind of artificial written norm but sets out to capture a range of different kinds of ways that Ni-Vanuatu will say things in various contexts, both written and spoken, formal and informal. The thrust of this volume is to show that Bislama has a grammar—an unfamiliar concept for those educated in Vanuatu. It also shows that Bislama is a language of considerable complexity, which will come as a surprise to many of its users, who have been taught to view their language as somehow "simple" and even "deficient."
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Pidgins and Creoles by : John Holm
Download or read book An Introduction to Pidgins and Creoles written by John Holm and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clear and concise introduction to the study of how new languages come into being.
Book Synopsis Nigerian Pidgin in Lagos by : Dagmar Deuber
Download or read book Nigerian Pidgin in Lagos written by Dagmar Deuber and published by Battlebridge Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying CD-ROM contains ... "the complete corpus (40 text files) ..., background information on each text in the corpus (40 Word files) ..., samples from the corpus with English translations and clickable audio (6 Word files) ... Appendix C (PDF) ... list of speakers (PDF)." [and 7 tracks playable on a CD player]. -- p. iv.
