Niche Separation Along Environmental Gradients as a Mechanism to Promote the Coexistence of Native and Invasive Species

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Niche Separation Along Environmental Gradients as a Mechanism to Promote the Coexistence of Native and Invasive Species by : Edmund R. Priddis

Download or read book Niche Separation Along Environmental Gradients as a Mechanism to Promote the Coexistence of Native and Invasive Species written by Edmund R. Priddis and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Niche separation may be the key to promoting the long-term coexistence of introduced and native species. Physical alterations to the environment (habitat manipulation) or re-introducing native species to former habitats can exploit the maladapted traits of introduced species to create a refuge for native species. No two species have identical niches because evolutionary constraints differ between species with different evolutionary histories. Our objectives were to determine if cold temperatures could promote coexistence between native least chub and introduced western mosquitofish. We used individual scale and population scale experiments to test four hypotheses: 1) colder temperatures would reduce the aggressive behavior and predatory effects of western mosquitofish on least chub, 2) colder temperatures would reduce the effect of western mosquitofish on the habitat use, activity, and feeding of least chub, 3) western mosquitofish would not be able to overwinter without warm refuges, and 4) western mosquitofish reproduction would be delayed or absent at colder temperatures, whereas colder temperatures would not inhibit least chub recruitment. At the individual scale cold temperatures reduced the aggression and predation of western mosquitofish on least chub. However at the population scale there was little recruitment in the cold treatment and juvenile least chub did not survive the winter in the cold treatment. Adult least chub successfully overwintered at freezing temperatures whereas western mosquitofish had no recruitment in the cold treatment during the summer and no western mosquitofish survived the winter. There is adequate niche separation among the adults to promote coexistence but the juveniles of both species require warm habitat in the spring and summer to survive freezing winter temperatures. Habitat manipulation may reduce the availability of warm winter refuges for western mosquitofish while leaving warm habitats during the spring for least chub spawning and recruitment. Transplanting least chub to former cold habitats could eliminate western mosquitofish because of niche separation between the species along a temperature gradient. We suggest that the niche separation hypothesis has general application for the restoration of a variety of threatened native species.

Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030453677
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States by : Therese M. Poland

Download or read book Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States written by Therese M. Poland and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.

Food webs and stable isotopes, volume II

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832533922
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Food webs and stable isotopes, volume II by : Jason Newton

Download or read book Food webs and stable isotopes, volume II written by Jason Newton and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-29 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Notes on Species Coexistence, Invasion and Ecosystem Function

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Notes on Species Coexistence, Invasion and Ecosystem Function by :

Download or read book Notes on Species Coexistence, Invasion and Ecosystem Function written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Species coexistence theory attempts to explain and predict the mechanisms that promote species diversity and the ecological consequences of this diversity. In this thesis I used observational and experimental field studies to test the predictions of several coexistence theories, and developed specific predictions in a theoretical study. The observational study was used to test general predictions made by two mechanisms, neutral interactions and spatial niche partitioning, using bromeliad-dwelling mosquito larvae in Costa Rica. Results from this study were only consistent with spatial niche partitioning, and showed how local, within-bromeliad interactions could scale up to meso-scale (among-bromeliad) distributions. The experimental study, based in the boreal forest understory, used the standard rank-abundance relationships of plant species to test both competitive and facilitative coexistence mechanisms that differentiate between the effects of dominant species and species diversity. In particular, removals of a consistent biomass that targeted one dominant or many low-abundance species were used in conjunction with seedling additions to test the roles of different species, and species diversity, in limiting the establishment of new species. High mortality of new seedlings in completely cleared areas indicated that facilitation was important. However, small-scale disturbances (7% of community biomass removed) either had no effect on seedling survival, or increased survival, indicating competitive effects. These competitive effects were limited to a single dominant species, and were inconsistent with current models of resource niche partitioning. The theoretical study used computer simulations to investigate the effects of regional habitat heterogeneity on local diversity in communities that differed in their connectivity (dispersal among patches) and neutrality (niche overlap among species). The model suggested that dispersal and niche overlap have synergistic effec.

The Relationship Between Native Richness and Exotic Success Depends on the Index of Exotic Success and Environmental Gradients

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (693 download)

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Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Native Richness and Exotic Success Depends on the Index of Exotic Success and Environmental Gradients by : Daniel Slakey

Download or read book The Relationship Between Native Richness and Exotic Success Depends on the Index of Exotic Success and Environmental Gradients written by Daniel Slakey and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of resource use pre-emption suggests that diverse communities may be more resistant to invasion than simple communities due to lack of niche space for invaders. Studies examining the relationship of native species richness to exotic success have provided mixed support for this idea. To test this theory, I measured plant diversity and cover across topographic gradients differing in resource availability in a California serpentine grassland, and measured exotic success as either species richness, absolute cover, or dominance of exotic species. I then evaluated models predicting these different measures of exotic success, using either native richness alone or in conjunction with environmental variables as predictors. Species richness was a poor index of exotic success, as it was relatively weakly related to more direct measures of exotic success, exotic cover and dominance, and varied differently along environmental gradients from those two variables. Native richness was a significant negative predictor of exotic success whether environmental variables were included or excluded, although the relationship was stronger when using exotic cover or dominance than exotic richness. My results contrast with observational studies that have found positive relationships between native and exotic richness, in part because environmental conditions favoring native richness at the site (low Ca:Mg) were opposite to those favoring exotics, and in part because exotics likely out-competed natives in more fertile habitats. Using cover or dominance as an index of exotic success and incorporating underlying environmental gradients provided a more realistic assessment of the factors controlling native and exotic success than simple models correlating native and exotic richness.

Aquatic Plants of the Upper Midwest

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ISBN 13 : 9780692280959
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Aquatic Plants of the Upper Midwest by : Paul M. Skawinski

Download or read book Aquatic Plants of the Upper Midwest written by Paul M. Skawinski and published by . This book was released on 2014-08-30 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A full-color, photographic field guide to all of the submergent and floating-leaf aquatic plants of the Upper Midwest region of the United States. Covers 150 species, including the difficult and often-ignored macro-algae of the Characeae family. Every species is shown in high-resolution photographs, and many species are shown both underwater and above-water. Inset photographs highlight important identifying characteristics such as flowers, fruits, stipules, leaf veins, etc.

Plants in Changing Environments

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521391900
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (919 download)

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Book Synopsis Plants in Changing Environments by : F. A. Bazzaz

Download or read book Plants in Changing Environments written by F. A. Bazzaz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-10-13 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the effects of disturbance, species competition and coexistence, and the processes of plant succession.

Ant Ecology

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199544638
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Ant Ecology by : Lori Lach

Download or read book Ant Ecology written by Lori Lach and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incredible global diversity of ants, and their important ecological roles, mean that we cannot ignore the significance of ants in ecological systems. Ant Ecology takes the reader on a journey of discovery from the beginnings of ants many hundreds of thousands of years ago, through to the makings of present day distributions.

Conservation Biology

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030395340
Total Pages : 635 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Conservation Biology by : Fred Van Dyke

Download or read book Conservation Biology written by Fred Van Dyke and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-07 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a thorough, up-to-date examination of conservation biology and the many supporting disciplines that comprise conservation science. In this, the Third Edition of the highly successful Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications, the authors address their interdisciplinary topic as it must now be practiced and perceived in the modern world. Beginning with a concise review of the history of conservation, the authors go on to explore the interplay of conservation with genetics, demography, habitat and landscape, aquatic environments, and ecosystem management, and the relationship of all these disciplines to ethics, economics, law, and policy. An entirely new chapter, The Anthropocene: Conservation in a Human-Dominated Nature, breaks new ground in its exploration of how conservation can be practiced in anthropogenic biomes, novel ecosystems, and urban habitats. The Third Edition includes the popular Points of Engagement discussion questions used in earlier editions, and adds a new feature: Information Boxes, which briefly recap specific case histories described in the text. A concluding chapter offers insight into how to become a conservation professional, in both traditional and non-traditional roles. The authors, Fred Van Dyke and Rachel Lamb, draw on their expertise as field biologists, wildlife managers, consultants to government and industry, and scholars of environmental law, policy, and advocacy, as well as their many years of effective teaching experience. Informed by practical knowledge and acquired skills, the authors have created a work of exceptional clarity and readability which encompasses both systemic foundations as well as contemporary developments in the field. Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications will be of invaluable benefit to undergraduate and graduate students, as well as to working conservation scientists and managers. This is an amazing resource for students, faculty, and practitioners both new and experienced to the field. Diane Debinski, PhD Unexcelled wisdom for living at home on Wonderland Earth, the planet with promise, destined for abundant life. Holmes Rolston, PhD Van Dyke and Lamb have maintained the original text’s emphasis on connecting classical ecological and environmental work with updated modern applications and lucid examples. But more importantly, the third edition contains much new material on the human side of conservation, including expanded treatments of policy, economics, and climate change. Tim Van Deelen, PhD Fred Van Dyke and Rachel Lamb break new ground in both the breadth and depth of their review and analysis of this crucially important and rapidly changing field. Any student or other reader wishing to have a comprehensive overview and understanding of the complexities of conservation biology need look no further – this book is your starting point! Simon N. Stuart, PhD Anyone who teaches, talks or writes and works on Conservation Biology, needs this latest edition of Conservation Biology (Foundations, Concepts, Applications, 3rd edition) by Fred Van Dyke and Rachel L. Lamb. This will be useful to both beginners and experts as well. The authors included almost all important issues in relation to conservation biology. This is really an outstanding book. Bidhan Chandra Das, Professor, Ecology Branch, Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Handbook of Trait-Based Ecology

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108472915
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Trait-Based Ecology by : Francesco de Bello

Download or read book Handbook of Trait-Based Ecology written by Francesco de Bello and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-11 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trait-based ecology is rapidly expanding. This comprehensive and accessible guide covers the main concepts and tools in functional ecology.

Invasion Ecology

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118570820
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)

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Book Synopsis Invasion Ecology by : Julie L. Lockwood

Download or read book Invasion Ecology written by Julie L. Lockwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-05 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Invasion Ecology provides a comprehensive and updated introduction to all aspects of biological invasion by non-native species. Highlighting important research findings associated with each stage of invasion, the book provides an overview of the invasion process from transportation patterns and causes of establishment success to ecological impacts, invader management, and post-invasion evolution. The authors have produced new chapters on predicting and preventing invasion, managing and eradicating invasive species, and invasion dynamics in a changing climate. Modern global trade and travel have led to unprecedented movement of non-native species by humans with unforeseen, interesting, and occasionally devastating consequences. Increasing recognition of the problems associated with invasion has led to a rapid growth in research into the dynamics of non-native species and their adverse effects on native biota and human economies. This book provides a synthesis of this fast growing field of research and is an essential text for undergraduate and graduate students in ecology and conservation management. Additional resources are available at www.wiley.com/go/invasionecology

The Nature of Plant Communities

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110848221X
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis The Nature of Plant Communities by : J. Bastow Wilson

Download or read book The Nature of Plant Communities written by J. Bastow Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-21 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive review of the role of species interactions in the process of plant community assembly.

Plant Invasions

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ISBN 13 : 9783823615286
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Invasions by : Barbara Tokarska-Guzik

Download or read book Plant Invasions written by Barbara Tokarska-Guzik and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed volume of key presentations from a series of biennial International Conferences on the Ecology and Management of Alien Plant Invasions (EMAPi). This volume aims to contribute to this growing field, exploring human perceptions of plant invasions and the role of humans in the invasion process from different perspectives and geographical areas. It also covers case studies of the biology and ecology of invasive species, mechanisms of invasion and ecological impacts, while offering solutions through a variety of control and management techniques.

Competition and Coexistence

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642561667
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Competition and Coexistence by : Ulrich Sommer

Download or read book Competition and Coexistence written by Ulrich Sommer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question "Why are there so many species?" has puzzled ecologist for a long time. Initially, an academic question, it has gained practical interest by the recent awareness of global biodiversity loss. Species diversity in local ecosystems has always been discussed in relation to the problem of competi tive exclusion and the apparent contradiction between the competitive exclu sion principle and the overwhelming richness of species found in nature. Competition as a mechanism structuring ecological communities has never been uncontroversial. Not only its importance but even its existence have been debated. On the one extreme, some ecologists have taken competi tion for granted and have used it as an explanation by default if the distribu tion of a species was more restricted than could be explained by physiology and dispersal history. For decades, competition has been a core mechanism behind popular concepts like ecological niche, succession, limiting similarity, and character displacement, among others. For some, competition has almost become synonymous with the Darwinian "struggle for existence", although simple plausibility should tell us that organisms have to struggle against much more than competitors, e.g. predators, parasites, pathogens, and envi ronmental harshness.

Resource Strategies of Wild Plants

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400830648
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Resource Strategies of Wild Plants by : Joseph M. Craine

Download or read book Resource Strategies of Wild Plants written by Joseph M. Craine and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-27 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over millions of years, terrestrial plants have competed for limited resources, defended themselves against herbivores, and resisted a myriad of environmental stresses. These struggles have helped generate more than a quarter million terrestrial plant species, each possessing a unique strategy for success. Yet, as Resource Strategies of Wild Plants demonstrates, the constraints on plant growth are universal enough that a few survival strategies hold true for all seed-producing plants. This book describes the five major strategies of growth for terrestrial plants, details how plants succeed when resources are scarce, delves into the history of research into plant strategies, and resets the foundational understanding of ecological processes. Drawing from recent findings in plant-herbivore interactions, ecosystem ecology, and evolutionary ecology, Joseph Craine explains how plants attain available nutrients, withstand the immense stresses of drying soils, and flourish in the race for light. He shows that the competition for resources has shaped plant evolution in newly discovered ways, while the scarcity of such resources has affected how plants interact with herbivores, wind, fire, and frost. An understanding of the major resource strategies of wild plants remains central to learning about the ecology of plant communities, global changes in the biosphere, methods for species conservation, and the evolution of life on earth.

Anolis Lizards of the Caribbean

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195361911
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Anolis Lizards of the Caribbean by : Jonathan Roughgarden

Download or read book Anolis Lizards of the Caribbean written by Jonathan Roughgarden and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1995-05-18 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Anolis lizards of the Caribbean are ideally suited for the study of evolutionary ecology. Offering fascinating insights into the more than 150 species dispersed throughout the Caribbean islands, Jonathan Roughgarden details the differences between species in a wide range of behavioral and physical characteristics, including foraging behaviors, body size, and habitat use, resulting from evolutionary divergences concurrent with the plate-tectonic origins of the region. This book will be of interest to students and researchers--ecology and theoretical, tropical, and population biology.

The Ecology of Animals

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ecology of Animals by : Charles Sutherland Elton

Download or read book The Ecology of Animals written by Charles Sutherland Elton and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: