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Neuromodulation Through Spinal Cord Stimulation For Functional Restoration And Rehabilitation After Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
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Book Synopsis Neuromodulation Through Spinal Cord Stimulation for Functional Restoration and Rehabilitation After Cervical Spinal Cord Injury by : Soshi Samejima
Download or read book Neuromodulation Through Spinal Cord Stimulation for Functional Restoration and Rehabilitation After Cervical Spinal Cord Injury written by Soshi Samejima and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in permanent neurological deficits. The limited physical function impacts quality of life and socioeconomic engagement. Up to now, we have no effective interventions to restore impaired function. Activity-dependent plasticity holds great promise to promote recovery of motor and autonomic function. Neuromodulation via electrical stimulation of the spinal cord has shown growing evidence of promoting activity-dependent plasticity and functional gains following SCI. First, we review the background information about the burden and recovery process of SCI. We also summarize current advances of pharmacological, cellular, and neuromodulation approaches. Emerging evidence with stimulation technologies demonstrates potential to facilitate neuroplasticity bridging the lesion. In the second part, we demonstrated a cost- and time-efficient experimental tool to assess forelimb function in a rodent model with severe cervical SCI. This novel strategy for the behavior task may accelerate preclinical trials. By using the behavior tasks, in the third part, we present a clinically viable brain-computer spinal interface to reanimate paralyzed forelimb function in rodents with cervical SCI. We demonstrate a stable and computationally efficient local field potential decoder enabling graded forelimb movements via epidural stimulation. Consequently, the brain-controlled epidural stimulation led to functional improvements in freely moving rats with cervical SCI. The closed-loop algorithm was implemented in an implantable size circuit capable of onboard computing, providing a clinically viable strategy to accelerate the translation of brain-computer interfaces to human use. In the fourth part, we investigate the efficacy of transcutaneous spinal stimulation paired with intensive locomotor training in two individuals with cervical SCI. We present the additive effect of transcutaneous spinal stimulation for locomotor recovery with more coordinated movements. Furthermore, we demonstrate the first evidence of transcutaneous spinal stimulation for restoring bowel function. Lastly, we discuss the potential of these neurotechnology approaches. We address the current limitations of scientific understanding and technology to guide future research to restore sensorimotor and autonomic function following cervical SCI.
Book Synopsis Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation for Restoration of Upper Extremity Function After Spinal Cord Injury by : Fatma Inanici
Download or read book Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation for Restoration of Upper Extremity Function After Spinal Cord Injury written by Fatma Inanici and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spinal cord injury is currently incurable. Standard of care after spinal cord injury focuses on prevention of the secondary complications and maximizing residual function. The most common site of injury is the cervical level that results in tetraplegia. Incomplete cervical injury is the most frequent neurological category. Loss of motor control and sensory function in the upper extremity is a particularly devastating aspect of cervical injuries that impairs the ability to perform activities of daily living. Restoration of hand and arm function is consistently rated as the highest treatment priority among people with tetraplegia due to cervical spinal cord injury, 5-fold higher than any other function included in the surveys. Nevertheless, current approaches to improve hand and arm function are largely ineffective. Electrical spinal cord stimulation, however, is one of the emerging neuromodulation strategies to restore motor function. The aims of this dissertation are to (1) review the applications of therapeutic electrical spinal cord stimulation after spinal cord injury, (2) determine improvements in hand and arm function resulting from non-invasive electrical cervical spinal cord stimulation, and (3) quantify long-term benefits that may persist beyond the stimulation. Therapeutic potential of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation is evaluated in a prospective, open-label, two arm cross-over study. Intervention arms consist of intensive upper limb functional task training alone and transcutaneous electrical cervical spinal cord stimulation combined with training. The Graded Redefined Assessment of Strength, Sensation and Prehension is used as the primary outcome measure. Improvements achieved by training alone are compared to those obtained when transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation is paired with training. The findings demonstrate that transcutaneous cervical spinal cord stimulation has augmentative effect on restoration of hand and arm function. Additionally, gains are maintained up to six months without stimulation or training, suggesting that electrical stimulation can promote neuroplasticity. This dissertation provides evidence that transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation is a highly promising intervention for recovery of upper extremity function after cervical spinal cord injury, with the significant advantage of not requiring surgery.
Book Synopsis Advances in Spinal Cord Epidural Stimulation for Motor and Autonomic Functions Recovery After Severe Spinal Cord Injury by : Enrico Rejc
Download or read book Advances in Spinal Cord Epidural Stimulation for Motor and Autonomic Functions Recovery After Severe Spinal Cord Injury written by Enrico Rejc and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-14 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spinal Cord Injury by : Martha Somers
Download or read book Spinal Cord Injury written by Martha Somers and published by F.A. Davis. This book was released on 2024-03-18 with total page 1067 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive approach to complex challenges Here’s the foundational knowledge, skills, and understanding physical therapists need to develop and implement rehabilitation programs for persons living with spinal cord injuries. From coverage of pathology and the pathological repercussions through medical and rehabilitative management to patient and family education, students will be prepared to be effective members of the rehabilitation team. They’ll also understand the importance of psychosocial adaptation and develop insights into their roles in the process.
Book Synopsis Locomotor Training by : Susan J. Harkema
Download or read book Locomotor Training written by Susan J. Harkema and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical rehabilitation for walking recovery after spinal cord injury is undergoing a paradigm shift. Therapy historically has focused on compensation for sensorimotor deficits after SCI using wheelchairs and bracing to achieve mobility. With locomotor training, the aim is to promote recovery via activation of the neuromuscular system below the level of the lesion. What basic scientists have shown us as the potential of the nervous system for plasticity, to learn, even after injury is being translated into a rehabilitation strategy by taking advantage of the intrinsic biology of the central nervous system. While spinal cord injury from basic and clinical perspectives was the gateway for developing locomotor training, its application has been extended to other populations with neurologic dysfunction resulting in loss of walking or walking disability.
Book Synopsis Spinal Cord Injury by : Martha Freeman Somers
Download or read book Spinal Cord Injury written by Martha Freeman Somers and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique reference is an in-depth examination of the central role of the physical therapist in rehabilitation following spinal cord injury. This book encompasses all of the elements involved in a successful rehabilitation program. It includes a basic understanding of spinal cord injuries and issues relevant to disability, as well as knowledge of the physical skills involved in functional activities and the therapeutic strategies for acquiring these skills. It also presents an approach to the cord-injured person that promotes self-respect and encourages autonomy.Comprehensive information equips readers with a broad foundation of knowledge including topics relevant to spinal cord injury, its pathological repercussions, and medical and rehabilitative management in preparation for program planning, patient and family education, and effective participation as a member of a rehabilitation team. Problem-solving exercises prepare readers for problem-solving in a clinical setting with gray-boxed problems in each chapter that pose clinical questions. Appendix A presents solutions to problems. Abundant illustrations clarify the information presented in the text.An excellent reference for physical therapists.
Download or read book Neuromodulation written by Elliot Krames and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-01-05 with total page 1828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuromodulation: Comprehensive Textbook of Principles, Technologies, and Therapies, Second Edition, serves as a comprehensive and in-depth reference textbook covering all aspects of the rapidly growing field of neuromodulation. Since the publication of the first edition seven years ago, there has been an explosion of knowledge in neuromodulation, optogenetics, bioelectronics medicine and brain computer interfacing. Users will find unique discussions of the fundamental principles of neuromodulation and therapies, and how they are applied to the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, autonomic nerves and various organs. The book focuses on comprehensive coverage of spinal cord stimulation, non-interventional and interventional brain stimulation, peripheral nerve stimulation, and the emerging fields of neuromodulation, including optogenetics and bioelectronics medicine. Provides a comprehensive reference that covers all aspects of the growing field of neuromodulation Written by international, leading authorities in their respective fields of neuromodulation, pain management, functional neurosurgery and biomedical engineering Includes new chapters on optogenetics, bioelectronics medicine and brain computer interfacing
Book Synopsis Functional Electrical Stimulation by : Alojz Kralj
Download or read book Functional Electrical Stimulation written by Alojz Kralj and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference text covers the fundamental knowledge and principles of functional electrical stimulation (FES) as applied to the spinal cord injured (SCI) patient. The principles of FES application and basic biomechanical issues related to FES in SCI are stressed. The fundamentals regarding patient selection criteria, indication, contraindications, and descriptions of procedures are clearly presented. Also included are the fundamentals and rationale of gait restoration with patient selection, control strategies, and the synthesis of gait sequences with trends in the field. Each chapter contains numerous references to the FES literature for the reader to easily evaluate and extend his knowledge in the area of interest. Biomedical and rehabilitation engineering professionals and researchers for medical doctors, physical therapists, and orthotists will find this publication invaluable.
Book Synopsis Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation by : Edelle Field-Fote
Download or read book Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation written by Edelle Field-Fote and published by F.A. Davis. This book was released on 2009-03-26 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the world’s leading authorities in spinal cord injury, and a participant in the Human Brain Project brings you an evidenced-based guide to the state-of-the-art in spinal cord rehabilitation. She has assembled an expert team of clinicians, each with expertise in the content areas they address. Their work encompasses all of the new scientific knowledge and technological advances practitioners need to know to determine the most effective rehabilitation interventions for each patient and to attain maximum restoration of function in individuals with SCI.
Book Synopsis Restoring Function to the Injured Human Spinal Cord by : Richard B. Borgens
Download or read book Restoring Function to the Injured Human Spinal Cord written by Richard B. Borgens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has two major themes: one, to provide a general un derstanding of the biology of spinal cord injury (SCI) in ani mal models and their relationship to naturally occurring inju ry in man, and secondly, to review novel means to induce functional recovery from spinal cord injury based on develop mental biophysics and physiology. These are new innovations in the treatment of SCI, born of disciplines that have not re ceived much attention from investigators interested in the re pair and regeneration of the Central Nervous System (CNS). They include development of 4-Aminopyridine for chronic SCI; oscillating electrical fields and polymer infusion for acute SCI. Biochemistry, neurotransplantation techniques, and phar macological approaches have long dominated this literature. Curiously though, it is these former techniques that are more practical and are rapidly moving into human clinical studies, or have already begun then. All of these clinical therapies have been developed at the Center for Paralysis Research at Purdue University, mirroring the backgrounds and interests of the electrophysiologists and biophysicists of our Research Center's faculty. Two of the three experimental therapies for SCI devel oped at Purdue University are now in human clinical trials, and a third will soon begin. They frame the emphasis of this text.
Book Synopsis Rehabilitation in Spinal Cord Injuries by : Jacqueline E. Reznik
Download or read book Rehabilitation in Spinal Cord Injuries written by Jacqueline E. Reznik and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-02-01 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specialised chapters about biomechanics, paediatric spinal cord injury and high cervical injuries Insight into the lived experience of individuals with a spinal cord injury Documentation of the patient journey from injury to total rehabilitation Practical information on mobility devices and returning to driving Appendix of common assessments for spinal cord injuries Includes an eBook with purchase of the print book
Book Synopsis Neurorehabilitation Technology by : David J. Reinkensmeyer
Download or read book Neurorehabilitation Technology written by David J. Reinkensmeyer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised, updated, and substantially expanded third edition provides an accessible, practical overview of major areas of research, technical development and clinical application in the field of neurorehabilitation movement therapy. The initial section provides the basic framework and a rationale for technology application in movement therapy by summarizing recent findings in neuroplasticity and motor learning. The following section provides a detailed overview of the movement physiology of various neurologic conditions, illustrating how this knowledge has been used to design various neurorehabilitation technologies. The third section then explains the principles of human-machine interaction for movement rehabilitation. The fourth section provides an overview of assessment technology and predictive modeling in neurorehabilitation. The fifth section provides a survey of technological approaches to neurorehabilitation, including spinal cord stimulation, functional electrical stimulation, virtual reality, wearable sensing, brain computer interfaces, mobile technologies, and telerehabilitation. The final two sections examine in greater detail the ongoing revolution in robotic therapy for upper extremity movement and walking, respectively. The promises and limitations of these technologies in neurorehabilitation are discussed, including an Epilogue which debates the impact and utility of robotics for neurorehabilitation. Throughout the book the chapters provide detailed practical information on state-of-the-art clinical applications of these devices following stroke, spinal cord injury, and other neurologic disorders and future developments in the field. The text is illustrated throughout with photographs and schematic diagrams which serve to clarify the information for the reader. Neurorehabilitation Technology, Third Edition is a valuable resource for neurologists, biomedical engineers, roboticists, rehabilitation specialists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists and those training in these fields. Chapter “Spinal Cord Stimulation to Enable Leg Motor Control and Walking in People with Spinal Cord Injury is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Book Synopsis Neuromodulation for Restoration of Spinal Autonomic Functions that Increase Exercise Capacity After Spinal Cord Injury by : Sarah Flett
Download or read book Neuromodulation for Restoration of Spinal Autonomic Functions that Increase Exercise Capacity After Spinal Cord Injury written by Sarah Flett and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spinal cord injury results in varying degrees of motor and autonomic dysfunction. Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are much more prevalent with an earlier onset in persons with spinal cord injury compared to the general population. Physical activity is widely accepted method for maintaining appropriate body weight, composition and overall health. Unfortunately, those living with a cervical or high thoracic spinal cord injury experience mild to severe dysautonomia, limiting their exercise performance and subsequent health benefits. Electrical spinal cord stimulation has been a therapeutic strategy investigated in recent years and has demonstrated beneficial effects on motor function as well as autonomic functions related to bladder, bowel and sexual function. Within the last 15 years, spinal stimulation studies aimed at improving motor function began to include anecdotal reports of improved autonomic functions, such cardiovascular control, metabolism, and exercise performance. This area of research is relatively new, and the neural mechanisms mediating these positive effects and the optimal parameters and stimulus locations have yet to be elucidated. We therefore performed a systematic scoping review to identify what has been reported about the effects of spinal cord stimulation on autonomic functions related to exercise outcomes to help identify knowledge gaps. A total of 1815 unique records were screened for eligibility following an electronic database search of Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL and SportDiscus. Based on our inclusion criteria, 21 studies were included in this review. Of these 21 articles, 9 were transcutaneous stimulation studies and 12 were epidural stimulation studies. Improvements in blood pressure regulation, exercise output, thermoregulation, and body composition were reported in multiple studies. However, stimulation locations and parameters were highly variable and the number of participants relatively small. Therefore, further pre-clinical mechanism-based research and studies systematically testing different stimulus locations and parameters with larger numbers of participants are necessary to establish optimal stimulation interventions to improve exercise related autonomic functions.
Book Synopsis Neuroprotection and Regeneration of the Spinal Cord by : Kenzo Uchida
Download or read book Neuroprotection and Regeneration of the Spinal Cord written by Kenzo Uchida and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroprotection and Regeneration of the Spinal Cord comprehensively covers the most recent research in the field of spinal cord injury. The first part of this book focuses on the latest animal models and clinically oriented work, providing extensive information on morphological factors and, biomechanical analysis, in addition to the mechanism of functional recovery. The book goes on to provide information on clinical relevance introducing analysis of spinal cord injuries using MRI and PET. Edited by renowned experts in the field, this book will provide clinical physicians, basic researchers and postgraduate students with valuable insight into the cutting-edge research and progress in the field of spinal cord injury, treatment and repair.
Book Synopsis Spinal Cord Stimulation by : Paul Kreis
Download or read book Spinal Cord Stimulation written by Paul Kreis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-03 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spinal cord stimulators (SCS) are implantable medical devices used to treat chronic pain of neurologic origin, such as sciatica, intractable back pain, and diabetic. The device generates an electric pulse near the spinal cord's dorsal surface, providing a parasthesia sensation that alters the perception of pain by the patient, and is typically used in conjunction with conventional medical management. Spinal cord stimulators (SCS) are implantable medical devices used to treat chronic pain of neurologic origin, such as sciatica, intractable back pain, and diabetic. The device generates an electric pulse near the spinal cord's dorsal surface, providing a parasthesia sensation that alters the perception of pain by the patient, and is typically used in conjunction with conventional medical management.
Book Synopsis Management and Rehabilitation of Spinal Cord Injuries by : Hyun-Yoon Ko
Download or read book Management and Rehabilitation of Spinal Cord Injuries written by Hyun-Yoon Ko and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive, up-to-date guide to the rehabilitation care of persons with spinal cord injuries and disorders draws on the ever-expanding scientific and clinical evidence base to provide clinicians with all the knowledge needed in order to make optimal management decisions during the acute, subacute, and chronic phases. A wealth of information is presented on the diverse medical consequences and complications encountered in these patients and on the appropriate rehabilitative measures in each circumstance. The coverage encompasses all forms of spinal cord injury and all affected organ systems. Readers will also find chapters on the basics of functional anatomy, neurological classification and evaluation, injuries specifically in children and the elderly, and psychological issues. The book will be an invaluable aid to assessment and medical care for physicians and other professional personnel in multiple specialties, including physiatrists, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons, internists, critical care physicians, urologists, neurologists, psychologists, and social workers.
Book Synopsis Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation by : Karen Whalley Hammell
Download or read book Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation written by Karen Whalley Hammell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
