Networks and Mobilization Processes: The Case of the Japanese Anti-Nuclear Movement after Fukushima

Download Networks and Mobilization Processes: The Case of the Japanese Anti-Nuclear Movement after Fukushima PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IUDICIUM Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3862050491
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Networks and Mobilization Processes: The Case of the Japanese Anti-Nuclear Movement after Fukushima by : Anna Wiemann

Download or read book Networks and Mobilization Processes: The Case of the Japanese Anti-Nuclear Movement after Fukushima written by Anna Wiemann and published by IUDICIUM Verlag. This book was released on 2018-05-14 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental disasters or other large-scale disruptive events often trigger the emergence of social movements demanding social and/or political change. This study investigates mobilization processes at the meso level of the Japanese anti-nuclear movement after the nuclear disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent tsunami waves on March 11, 2011. To capture such meso level movement dynamics – which so far have played only a minor role in research on social movement mobilization – the study presents an analytical model based on premises from political process theory, network theory, and relational sociology. This model is then applied to the case of the Japanese anti-nuclear movement after Fukushima by looking at the relational dynamics of two coalitional movement networks engaged in advocacy-related activities in Tōkyō. The first case study is e-shift, a network-coalition working for nuclear phase-out and the promotion of renewable energy; the other is SHSK (Shienhō Shimin Kaigi), a coalition pushing for the rights of people affected by radioactive contamination and/or evacuation from contaminated areas. The study traces the mobilization processes of these two networks by analyzing data gathered in 2013 and 2014 in the form of participant observation of movement events, semi-structured interviews with movement organization representatives, and documentary data.

Networks and Mobilization Processes

Download Networks and Mobilization Processes PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Networks and Mobilization Processes by : Anna Wiemann

Download or read book Networks and Mobilization Processes written by Anna Wiemann and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fukushima and Civil Society

Download Fukushima and Civil Society PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000632717
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fukushima and Civil Society by : Beata Bochorodycz

Download or read book Fukushima and Civil Society written by Beata Bochorodycz and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-08-18 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the impact of the Fukushima disaster on civil society in Japan with particular attention to the anti-nuclear movement, focusing on its development, repertoire of action, mobilization strategies, modes of operation, and impact on the state’s energy policy. Combining social movement theory and civil society theory, the author draws on extensive fieldwork in Japan to explore the context of the sociopolitical situation in Japan up to the Fukushima accident and to offer a typological description and analysis of the anti-nuclear movement that emerged after the disaster. Through an analysis of the relationship between the power elite and the anti-nuclear movement organizations, this volume considers the influences exercised by the ruling elites on civil society and vice versa, thus assessing the effects of the anti-nuclear movement on the state policy and the society. A comprehensive account of the anti-nuclear movement in post-Fukushima Japan, embedded within a broader perspective of the movement’s historical development, contemporary political structures, and opportunities, Fukushima and Civil Society will appeal to scholars of sociology and politics with an interest in social movements. Chapter 4 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

Japan's Delayed Antinuclear Power Mobilization After 3.11

Download Japan's Delayed Antinuclear Power Mobilization After 3.11 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (868 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Japan's Delayed Antinuclear Power Mobilization After 3.11 by : Lin Ern Charis Teo

Download or read book Japan's Delayed Antinuclear Power Mobilization After 3.11 written by Lin Ern Charis Teo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The meltdown of Fukushima Daiichi's nuclear plant was one of three disasters that rocked Japan on 11 March 2011, a day often referred to as "3.11." This nuclear accident led to increased attention to and disapproval of nuclear power among the Japanese public. However, despite widespread antinuclear sentiment, the public did not mobilize into sustained mass protests until June 2012. Using historical and contemporary comparisons, this thesis shows that Japan's 15- month delay in antinuclear mobilization was unusual. Both the 1979 Three Mile Island and the 1986 Chernobyl accidents had been quickly followed by mobilized protests. Moreover, the 3.11 Fukushima meltdown prompted mass protests in Germany almost immediately. Given these patterns, one would expect to have seen the Japanese mobilize earlier. The question that drives this thesis is: What led to Japan's 15-month delay in antinuclear power mobilization? Using social movement theory, I test to see whether low levels of grievance, limited availability of resources, or the lack of effective mobilizing structure and strategy help to explain this delay. Of the three explanations, I find the mobilization structure and strategy explanation to be best supported. Due to a history of overlooking antinuclear power issues in Japanese civil society, the early post-3.11 movement lacked longstanding true believers and activists, the two types of participants most effective at mobilizing. Furthermore, the use of social media platforms to organize the early protests may have contributed to why sustained protests were delayed. The empirical findings from this thesis allow us to examine more closely the devastation resulting from 3.11's nuclear meltdown and assess the strengths and weaknesses in Japanese civil society after the disaster. On a theoretical level, these findings may encourage us to question the relevance of grievance to mobilization, refine how resource availability is measured, and ask if the growing use of social media and other online tools should change the way we study social movement mobilization.

Legacies of Fukushima

Download Legacies of Fukushima PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812252985
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Legacies of Fukushima by : Kyle Cleveland

Download or read book Legacies of Fukushima written by Kyle Cleveland and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2021-04-02 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is about the 2011 Fukushima disaster in Japan. The disaster comprised a triple punch that began with an earthquake, which caused a tsunami, which triggered a meltdown at a nuclear plant"--

Policy Shock

Download Policy Shock PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107140218
Total Pages : 593 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Policy Shock by : Edward J. Balleisen

Download or read book Policy Shock written by Edward J. Balleisen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-02 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, compelling case studies show how past crises have reshaped regulation, and how policy-makers can learn from crises in the future.

Antinuclear Citizens

Download Antinuclear Citizens PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 1503635902
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (36 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Antinuclear Citizens by : Akihiro Ogawa

Download or read book Antinuclear Citizens written by Akihiro Ogawa and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2023-06-27 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011, tsunamis engulfed the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant located on Japan's Pacific Coast, leading to the worst nuclear disaster the world has seen since the Chernobyl crisis of 1986. Prior to this disaster, Japan had the third largest commercial nuclear program in the world, surpassed only by those in the United States and France—nuclear power significantly contributed to Japan's economic prosperity, and nearly 30% of Japan's electricity was generated by reactors dotted across the archipelago, from northern Hokkaido to southern Kyushu. This long period of institutional stasis was, however, punctuated by the crisis of March 11, which became a critical juncture for Japanese nuclear policymaking. As Akihiro Ogawa argues, the primary agent for this change is what he calls "antinuclear citizens"— a conscientious Japanese public who envision a sustainable life in a nuclear-free society. Drawing on over a decade of ethnographic research conducted across Japan—including antinuclear rallies, meetings with bureaucrats, and at renewable energy production sites—Ogawa presents an historical record of ordinary people's actions as they sought to survive and navigate a new reality post-Fukushima. Ultimately, Ogawa argues that effective sustainability efforts require collaborations that are grounded in civil society and challenge hegemonic ideology, efforts that reimagine societies and landscapes—especially those dominated by industrial capitalism—to help build a productive symbiosis between industry and sustainability.

Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident (III)

Download Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident (III) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811332185
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident (III) by : Tomoko M. Nakanishi

Download or read book Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident (III) written by Tomoko M. Nakanishi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents the findings from on-site research into radioactive cesium contamination in various agricultural systems affected by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in March 2011. This third volume in the series reports on studies undertaken at contaminated sites such as farmland, forests, and marine and freshwater environments, with a particular focus on livestock, wild plants and mushrooms, crops, and marine products in those environments. It also provides additional data collected in the subsequent years to show how the radioactivity levels in agricultural products and their growing environments have changed with time and the route by which radioactive materials entered agricultural products as well as their movement between different components (e.g., soil, water, and trees) within an environmental system (e.g., forests). The book covers various topics, including radioactivity testing of food products; decontamination trials for rice and livestock production; the state of contamination in, trees, mushrooms, and timber; the dynamics of radioactivity distribution in paddy fields and upland forests; damage incurred by the forestry and fishery industries; and the change in consumers’ attitudes. Chapter 19 introduces a real-time radioisotope imaging system, a pioneering technique to visualize the movement of cesium in soil and in plants. This is the only book to provide systematic data on the actual change of radioactivity, and as such is of great value to all researchers who wish to understand the effect of radioactive fallout on agriculture. In addition, it helps the general public to better understand the issues of radio-contamination in the environment. The project is ongoing; the research groups from the Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences of The University of Tokyo continue their work in the field to further evaluate the long-term effects of the Fukushima accident.

Food Safety after Fukushima

Download Food Safety after Fukushima PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824884329
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Food Safety after Fukushima by : Nicolas Sternsdorff-Cisterna

Download or read book Food Safety after Fukushima written by Nicolas Sternsdorff-Cisterna and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The triple disaster that struck Japan in March 2011 forced people living there to confront new risks in their lives. Despite the Japanese government’s reassurance that radiation exposure would be small and unlikely to affect the health of the general population, many questioned the government’s commitment to protecting their health. The disaster prompted them to become vigilant about limiting their risk exposure, and food emerged as a key area where citizens could determine their own levels of acceptable risk. Food Safety after Fukushima examines the process by which notions about what is safe to eat were formulated after the nuclear meltdown. Its central argument is that as citizens informed themselves about potential risks, they also became savvier in their assessment of the government’s handling of the crisis. The author terms this “Scientific Citizenship,” and he shows that the acquisition of scientific knowledge on the part of citizens resulted in a transformed relationship between individuals and the state. Groups of citizens turned to existing and newly formed organizations where food was sourced from areas far away from the nuclear accident or screened to stricter standards than those required by the state. These organizations enabled citizens to exchange information about the disaster, meet food producers, and work to establish networks of trust where food they considered safe could circulate. Based on extensive fieldwork and interviews with citizens groups, mothers’ associations, farmers, government officials, and retailers, Food Safety after Fukushima reflects on how social relations were affected by the accident. The author vividly depicts an environment where trust between food producers and consumers had been shaken, where people felt uneasy about their food choices and the consequences they might have for their children, and where farmers were forced to deal with the consequences of pollution that was not of their making. Most poignantly, the book conveys the heavy burden now attached to the name “Fukushima” in the popular imagination and explores efforts to resurrect it.

Social Movements and Political Activism in Contemporary Japan

Download Social Movements and Political Activism in Contemporary Japan PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351608134
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Social Movements and Political Activism in Contemporary Japan by : David Chiavacci

Download or read book Social Movements and Political Activism in Contemporary Japan written by David Chiavacci and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores social movements and political activism in contemporary Japan, arguing that the 2011 Fukushima nuclear accident marks a decisive moment, which has led to an unprecedented resurgence in social and protest movements and inaugurated a new era of civic engagement. Offering fresh perspectives on both older and more current forms of activism in Japan, together with studies of specific movements that developed after Fukushima, this volume tackles questions of emerging and persistent structural challenges that activists face in contemporary Japan. With attention to the question of where the new sense of contention in Japan has emerged from and how the newly developing movements have been shaped by the neo-conservative policies of the Japanese government, the authors ask how the Japanese experience adds to our understanding of how social movements work, and whether it might challenge prevailing theoretical frameworks.

Japan's Nuclear Disaster and the Politics of Safety Governance

Download Japan's Nuclear Disaster and the Politics of Safety Governance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501770063
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Japan's Nuclear Disaster and the Politics of Safety Governance by : Florentine Koppenborg

Download or read book Japan's Nuclear Disaster and the Politics of Safety Governance written by Florentine Koppenborg and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2023-06-15 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Japan's Nuclear Disaster and the Politics of Safety Governance, Florentine Koppenborg argues that the regulatory reforms taken up in the wake of the Fukushima disaster on March 11, 2011, directly and indirectly raised the costs of nuclear power in Japan. The Nuclear Regulation Authority resisted capture by the nuclear industry and fundamentally altered the environment for nuclear policy implementation. Independent safety regulation changed state-business relations in the nuclear power domain from regulatory capture to top-down safety regulation, which raised technical safety costs for electric utilities. Furthermore, the safety agency's extended emergency preparedness regulations expanded the allegorical backyard of NIMBY demonstrations. Antinuclear protests, mainly lawsuits challenging restarts, incurred additional social acceptance costs. Increasing costs undermined pronuclear actors' ability to implement nuclear power policy and caused a rift inside the "nuclear village." Small nuclear safety administration reforms were, in fact, game changers for nuclear power politics in Japan. Koppenborg's findings contribute to the vibrant conversations about the rise of independent regulatory agencies, crisis as a mechanism for change, and the role of nuclear power amid global interest in decarbonizing our energy supply.

Learning from Megadisasters

Download Learning from Megadisasters PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464801541
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Learning from Megadisasters by : Federica Ranghieri

Download or read book Learning from Megadisasters written by Federica Ranghieri and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While not all natural disasters can be avoided, their impact on a population can be mitigated through effective planning and preparedness. These are the lessons to be learned from Japan's own megadisaster: the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011, the fi rst disaster ever recorded that included an earthquake, a tsunami, a nuclear power plant accident, a power supply failure, and a large-scale disruption of supply chains. It is a sad fact that poor communities are often hardest hit and take the longest to recover from disaster. Disaster risk management (DRM) should therefore be taken into account as a major development challenge, and countries must shift from a tradition of response to a culture of prevention and resilience. Learning from Megadisasters: Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake consolidates a set of 36 Knowledge Notes, research results of a joint study undertaken by the Government of Japan and the World Bank. These notes highlight key lessons learned in seven DRM thematic clusters—structural measures; nonstructural measures; emergency response; reconstruction planning; hazard and risk information and decision making; the economics of disaster risk, risk management, and risk fi nancing; and recovery and relocation. Aimed at sharing Japanese cutting-edge knowledge with practitioners and decision makers, this book provides valuable guidance to other disaster-prone countries for mainstreaming DRM in their development policies and weathering their own natural disasters.

Radiation Brain Moms and Citizen Scientists

Download Radiation Brain Moms and Citizen Scientists PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822373963
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Radiation Brain Moms and Citizen Scientists by : Aya Hirata Kimura

Download or read book Radiation Brain Moms and Citizen Scientists written by Aya Hirata Kimura and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-04 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant disaster in 2011 many concerned citizens—particularly mothers—were unconvinced by the Japanese government’s assurances that the country’s food supply was safe. They took matters into their own hands, collecting their own scientific data that revealed radiation-contaminated food. In Radiation Brain Moms and Citizen Scientists Aya Hirata Kimura shows how, instead of being praised for their concern about their communities’ health and safety, they faced stiff social sanctions, which dismissed their results by attributing them to the work of irrational and rumor-spreading women who lacked scientific knowledge. These citizen scientists were unsuccessful at gaining political traction, as they were constrained by neoliberal and traditional gender ideologies that dictated how private citizens—especially women—should act. By highlighting the challenges these citizen scientists faced, Kimura provides insights into the complicated relationship between science, foodways, gender, and politics in post-Fukushima Japan and beyond.

Nuclear Disaster at Fukushima Daiichi

Download Nuclear Disaster at Fukushima Daiichi PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135910898
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nuclear Disaster at Fukushima Daiichi by : Richard Hindmarsh

Download or read book Nuclear Disaster at Fukushima Daiichi written by Richard Hindmarsh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-08-21 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Disaster at Fukushima Daiichi is a timely and groundbreaking account of the disturbing landscape of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear meltdown amidst an earthquake and tsunami on Japan’s northeast coastline on March 11, 2011. It provides riveting insights into the social and political landscape of nuclear power development in Japan, which significantly contributed to the disaster; the flawed disaster management options taken; and the political, technical, and social reactions as the accident unfolded. In doing so, it critically reflects on the implications for managing future nuclear disasters, for effective and responsible regulation and good governance of controversial science and technology, or technoscience, and for the future of nuclear power itself, both in Japan and internationally. Informed by a leading cast of international scholars in science, technology and society studies, the book is at the forefront of discussing the Fukushima Daiichi disaster at the intersection of social, environmental and energy security and good governance when such issues dominate global agendas for sustainable futures. Its powerful critique of the risks and hazards of nuclear energy alongside poor disaster management is an important counterbalance to the plans for nuclear build as central to sustainable energy in the face of climate change, increasing extreme weather events and environmental problems, and diminishing fossil fuel, peak oil, and rising electricity costs. Adding significantly to the consideration and debate of these critical issues, the book will interest academics, policy-makers, energy pundits, public interest organizations, citizens and students engaged variously with Fukushima itself, disaster management, political science, environmental/energy policy and risk, public health, sociology, public participation, civil society activism, new media, sustainability, and technology governance.

Parental well-being

Download Parental well-being PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IUDICIUM Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3862050505
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Parental well-being by : Barbara Holthus

Download or read book Parental well-being written by Barbara Holthus and published by IUDICIUM Verlag. This book was released on 2018-10-17 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Pursuing happiness is not only idealistic, it is the world's best and perhaps only hope to avoid global catastrophe" (Global Happiness Policy Report 2018). With that, the report argues for happiness as overarching policy goal. This volume argues that parental well-being is well qualified to assume a central role for governments of industrially advanced nations that are in need of coping with the challenges of low fertility and societal aging. More than 4000 mothers and fathers of young children in Germany and Japan have been surveyed in regard to their well-being and satisfaction with many aspects related to their work and family lives. The volume brings together 13 scholars to analyze this unique dataset. The chapters fall into three main parts: (1) parenting and childcare, (2) self, social relatedness, and social structures, and (3) family policy well-being. A particular focus lies on the well-being of mothers in contrast to fathers. The volume uses a multidimensional concept of parental well-being, with each chapter highlighting one dimension, ranging from health, education, employment, and family policy satisfaction to partnership, social network, and childcare satisfaction. National differences are in several aspects superseded by gender, class, and personality types.

Nuclear Ghost

Download Nuclear Ghost PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520394127
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nuclear Ghost by : Ryo Morimoto

Download or read book Nuclear Ghost written by Ryo Morimoto and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-04-25 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "There is a nuclear ghost in Minamisōma." This is how one resident describes a mysterious experience following the 2011 nuclear fallout in coastal Fukushima. Investigating the nuclear ghost among the graying population, Ryo Morimoto encounters radiation’s shapeshifting effects. What happens if state authorities, scientific experts, and the public disagree about the extent and nature of the harm caused by the accident? In one of the first in-depth ethnographic accounts of coastal Fukushima written in English, Nuclear Ghost tells the stories of a diverse group of residents who aspire to live and die well in their now irradiated homes. Their determination to recover their land, cultures, and histories for future generations provides a compelling case study for reimagining relationality and accountability in the ever-atomizing world.

Egocentric Network Analysis

Download Egocentric Network Analysis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Structural Analysis in the Soc
ISBN 13 : 110713143X
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Egocentric Network Analysis by : Brea L. Perry

Download or read book Egocentric Network Analysis written by Brea L. Perry and published by Structural Analysis in the Soc. This book was released on 2018-03-22 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An in-depth, comprehensive and practical guide to egocentric network analysis, focusing on fundamental theoretical, research design, and analytic issues.