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Author : Honggui Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Need, Demand, and Distribution of Rural Primary Health Care Services in China written by Honggui Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Qingwei Wang (Ph.D.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)
Download or read book The Evolution of Primary Care in China written by Qingwei Wang (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Primary care covers a range of preventive services and treatment for common illnesses and is widely perceived as the core of a comprehensive, cost-effective, and integrated system of health services. China's primary care system has undergone many changes since the 1949 revolution. The first phase of primary care development (1949-1976) emphasized introducing community-based primary care workers to strengthen accessibility, affordability, equity, efficiency, and effectiveness of healthcare in rural China. The second phase (1978-2009) enabled market-based reforms in the healthcare sector in the 1980s, which substantially affected and eliminated the primary care system in rural areas of the country and allowed a hospital-centric system to emerge. In the third phase (early 2000s), the Chinese government recognized the need to revive and strengthen the role of primary care in order to transform a fragmented and underperforming system into one that delivers more effective, efficient, and equitable health care to meet growing population needs and demands. However, primary care services in China are facing a workforce crisis. A sufficient, well-functioning healthcare workforce is essential to help China reach the national strategy known as "Healthy China." Many countries around the world have placed great emphasis on primary care and made strong efforts in improving policies in educating, deploying, managing, and regulating the healthcare workforce in support of primary care. The Chinese government can apply basic lessons from these approaches, including the importance of: 1) transforming the healthcare professional pathway to better supports primary care professionals; 2) improving the workforce composition and capability to meet the demand for primary care services; 3) revising the compensation system to increate strong incentives for high-quality primary care performance; 4) changing the headcount quota system to promote a more adaptable labor market for healthcare and effective healthcare worker management.
Author : Ofra Anson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351156624
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)
Download or read book Health Care in Rural China written by Ofra Anson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines health, defined in its broadest meaning, in rural China today. It explores the current social distribution of health status, health behaviour and health care and the processes by which these came about. By exploring universal questions in the social, historical and political context of rural China, the authors advance our understanding of the social processes which shape the social distribution of health and health care, and draw policy implications for both post-industrial and developing societies. Using rural China as a case study, three main issues are addressed: The role of ideology, politics and economic processes in shaping access to health and health care for the rural population; The behaviour patterns of lay persons and health professionals and the degree to which they are influenced by specific social context; Patterns of health inequalities and the distribution of health services. The book will be a useful reference for students, researchers and policy makers with an interest in health care in developing as well as post-industrial societies.
Author : The World Bank;World Health Organization
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 146481323X
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)
Download or read book Healthy China: Deepening Health Reform in China written by The World Bank;World Health Organization and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-04-04 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report recommends that China maintain the goal and direction of its healthcare reform, and continue the shift from its current hospital-centric model that rewards volume and sales, to one that is centered on primary care, focused on improving the quality of basic health services, and delivers high-quality, cost-effective health services. With 20 commissioned background studies, more than 30 case studies, visits to 21 provinces in China, the report proposes practical, concrete steps toward a value-based integrated service model of healthcare financing and delivery, including: 1) Creating a new model of people-centered quality integrated health care that strengthens primary care as the core of the health system. This new care model is organized around the health needs of individuals and families and is integrated with higher level care and social services. 2) Continuously improve health care quality, establish an effective coordination mechanism, and actively engage all stakeholders and professional bodies to oversee improvements in quality and performance. 3) Empowering patients with knowledge and understanding of health services, so that there is more trust in the system and patients are actively engaged in their healthcare decisions. 4) Reforming public hospitals, so that they focus on complicated cases and delegate routine care to primary-care providers. 5) Changing incentives for providers, so they are rewarded for good patient health outcomes instead of the number of medical procedures used or drugs sold. 6) Boosting the status of the health workforce, especially primary-care providers, so they are better paid and supported to ensure a competent health workforce aligned with the new delivery system. 7) Allowing qualified private health providers to deliver cost-effective services and compete on a level playing field with the public sector, with the right regulatory oversight, and 8) Prioritizing public investments according to the burden of disease, where people live, and the kind of care people need on a daily basis.
Author : Guillem López i Casasnovas
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262122764
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Health and Economic Growth written by Guillem López i Casasnovas and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading international researchers offer theoretical and empirical microeconomic and macroeconomic perspectives on the ways a population's health status affects a country's economic growth.
Author : Jiwei Qian
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814425893
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)
Download or read book Health Policy Reform in China written by Jiwei Qian and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the existing literature on health system reform in China deals with only one part of the reform process (for example, financing reform in rural areas, or the new system of purchasing pharmaceuticals), or consists of empirical case studies from particular cities or regions. This book gives a broad overview of the process of health system reform in China. It draws extensively both on the Western literature in health economics and on the experience of health care reform in a number of other countries, including the US, UK, Holland, and Japan, and compares China''s approach to health care reform with other countries. It also places the process of health system reform in the context of re-orienting China''s economic policy to place greater emphasis on equity and income distribution, and analyzes the interaction of the central and local governments in designing and implementing the reforms. This book will be of interest to policymakers, academics, students of health economics, health policy and health administration, and people who are interested in Chinese social policy. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Health Policy in China: Introduction and Background (189 KB). Contents: Introduction: Health Policy in China: Introduction and Background; Health Systems and Health Reform: International Models; Main Components of Health Reform: Strengthening China''s Social Insurance System; Providing Primary Care; The Hospital Sector and Hospital Reform; China''s National Drug Policy: A Work in Progress; Health Care and Harmonious Development in China: Health Policy and Inequality; Decentralized Government, Central-Local Fiscal Relations, and Health Reform; China''s Health System in the Future: Health Services in the Future: Social Insurance and Purchasing; China''s Future Health Care System: A Mixed Public-Private Model?. Readership: Policy makers, academics, students of health economics, health policy, and health administration, and people who are interested in Chinese social policy.
Author : Sai Ma
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833044834
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)
Download or read book A Comparison of the Health Systems in China and India written by Sai Ma and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2008 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's two most populous countries, China and India, are undergoing dramatic demographic, societal, and economic transformations. However, the health status of residents of China and India still lags behind relative to other populations, and the health gains in each country have been uneven across subpopulations. Although they have achieved substantial advances in life expectancy and disease prevention since the middle of the 20th century, the Chinese and Indian health systems provide little protection against financial risk, and patient satisfaction is a lower priority than it should be. This paper compares the health systems of China and India to determine what approaches to improving health in these two countries do and do not work. In particular, the authors compare the health systems in China and India along three dimensions: policy levers, intermediate outcomes, and ultimate ends. The authors conclude that both countries must (1) restructure health care financing to reduce the burden of out-of-pocket medical care costs on individual patients; (2) increase access to care, especially in rural areas; (3) reduce dependence on fee-for-service contracts that promote overutilization of medical care; (4) build capacity for addressing and monitoring emerging diseases; and (5) match hospital capabilities with local needs.
Author : Bin Zhu
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781536175738
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (757 download)
Download or read book Spatial Distribution of Health Manpower in China written by Bin Zhu and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2020 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The misdistribution of health manpower is one of the major challenges faced by the Chinese health sector hindering people's access to healthcare. However, this subject remains underexplored, as spatial distribution characteristics have not been fully mapped out, nor have its causes been determined at the macro regional level. To fill this research void, this study aims to conduct sophisticated spatial analyses to examine the characteristics of health manpower distribution and test various determinants of health manpower densities. By introducing spatial techniques, this study sheds light on the distribution of health manpower in China, thus offering invaluable evidence for making national and regional policies to facilitate a more effective distribution of health manpower in China.On the one hand, this study used spatial statistics (space-time scan statistics and Moran's I statistics) to reveal, visualize, and compare the temporal trends, spatio-temporal dynamics, and spatial clustering patterns of different subtypes of health manpower (clinicians, doctors of traditional Chinese medicine, dentists, public health doctors, general practitioners, registered nurses, pharmacists, technologists, and interns) and their total. The results reveal that regional disparities and huge urban-rural imbalances exist in China's health manpower distribution, indicating that some provincial units have been left behind. In addition, spatial distribution characteristics varied across different subtypes of health manpower, which still held with respect to either the urban or rural health manpower distribution.On the other hand, this study theoretically modeled and empirically measured various determinants of health manpower distribution from both the supply and demand sides while taking the spillover effect between adjacent geographical units into consideration. Based on the results of the estimation, the health service demand was, as expected, found to forcefully drive the health manpower distribution across the nation. In light of this, the increase in health services demands in a province could significantly help one unit attract licensed doctors and registered nurses from adjacent units. Unexpectedly but intriguingly, the power of medical education capacity was relatively limited in increasing the health manpower density in local units compared to its spillover effect on neighboring units. In addition, government and social health expenditure played different roles in the health labor market, the former being more effective in increasing the stock of licensed doctors and registered nurses, the latter doing better in attracting dentists and general practitioners.This study has the potential to make profound contributions to the theory and practice of health manpower distribution in China. First, this study advances our understanding of characteristics of health manpower distribution by introducing spatial statistics. By doing so, this study visualizes the detailed spatial distribution characteristics with maps and identifies the priority areas for health manpower allocation in China. Second, this study provides a comprehensive research framework to understand the potential drivers of health manpower distribution, and more importantly, takes spillover effects into consideration and measures them for the first time. Third, this study systematically explores and compares the distribution characteristics and determinants of different subtypes of health manpower, which differ greatly. By exploring both the characteristics and determinants, this study gives a full picture of the health manpower distribution and provides new evidence for making health manpower allocation policies in China.
Author : Zihua Lin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 203 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (851 download)
Download or read book Demand for Health Insurance and Demand for Health Care in Rural China written by Zihua Lin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lawton Robert Burns
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316738396
Total Pages : 744 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (167 download)
Download or read book China's Healthcare System and Reform written by Lawton Robert Burns and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a comprehensive review of China's healthcare system and policy reforms in the context of the global economy. Following a value-chain framework, the 16 chapters cover the payers, the providers, and the producers (manufacturers) in China's system. It also provides a detailed analysis of the historical development of China's healthcare system, the current state of its broad reforms, and the uneasy balance between China's market-driven approach and governmental regulation. Most importantly, it devotes considerable attention to the major problems confronting China, including chronic illness, public health, and long-term care and economic security for the elderly. Burns and Liu have assembled the latest research from leading health economists and political scientists, as well as senior public health officials and corporate executives, making this book an essential read for industry professionals, policymakers, researchers, and students studying comparative health systems across the world.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Primary Health Care written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recommendations and report outlining operational aspects, suggested national strategies; nonAboriginal material.
Author : World Health Organization
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (45 download)
Download or read book Primary Health Care written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses and team reports from an inter-regional seminar which examined aspects of primary health care in China are presented. Background information about the seminar is given along with an introduction to rural health services in China. The report considers four key issues: China's three-level health care network; involvement of the people; health manpower developments; and financing of rural health care. Among the points stressed were China's tremendous commitment to the task of improving the quality of life for its people, especially those in rural areas. Also emphasized was the close association of the health sector with every aspect of economic and social development, and the contribution of concerted action by all sectors to the raising of health standards. Particular notice was taken of the combination of western medicine with Chinese traditional medicine and the step-by-step development of appropriate technology. The involvement of the people, who not only take part in mass health campaigns and the delivery of health care, but also assume responsbility for the management of health activities at every level, is cited as perhaps the most important factor in the development of China's health care system. Major conclusions and general observations from the seminar are also included. (JD)
Author : Kimberly Singer Babiarz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267023018
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (23 download)
Download or read book Rural Health Policy Reform in China written by Kimberly Singer Babiarz and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) aims to provide health insurance to 800 million rural citizens and correct distortions in rural Chinese health care. However, many questions about its impact on individuals and rural health care providers remain unanswered. The overall goal of this dissertation is to study the implementation of NCMS and its impact on all of the actors in China's rural health sector. To achieve my overall goal, I have four specific objectives, each pursued in the essays herein. The first objective is to determine the extent to which NCMS has been implemented in China's village households, and to examine the some of its strengths and weaknesses. The second is to measure the impact of NCMS and it's policy attributes on the most frequently visited primary health care providers in China: village clinics. My third objective is to examine the unique role of village clinics providing care and welfare benefits to the elderly, benefits that may be at risk under NCMS. Fourth, I measure the impact of NCMS and policy attributes on Township Health Centers (THCs), the main NCMS partner health facilities. Finally, in an appendix chapter, I place the recent health care reforms into a broader context of shifting public policy in China, and speculate on the potential implications of this policy shift. To achieve my objectives, I use a nationally representative set of panel data collected in 100 villages drawn from 5 provinces in China. Detailed modules for each of the major actors - including individuals and their specific illness episodes, the clinics and hospitals they visit, and the county-level public health offices that cover them - allow me to paint a nuanced picture of China's rural health system in transition. I find that NCMS has reduced out of pocket medical spending and yielded meaningful reductions in household risk. However, current versions are not adequately meeting participants' need (and desire) for catastrophic illness coverage. Evidence suggests that better reimbursement rates may increase the important benefits the program has had for THC finances. The program must also be better calibrated to support village clinics through efficient outpatient reimbursement and subsidies to offset additional work requirements. This is particularly important given the unique welfare role played by clinicians in village communities.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030903339X
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Community Oriented Primary Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Peter Zweifel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461556813
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Health, the Medical Profession, and Regulation written by Peter Zweifel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health, The Medical Profession, and Regulation presents new evidence concerning health and the environment, inequality of health in many countries, and the compatibility of different quality of life measurements, along with new solutions to problems of health policy. The book is grouped into three sections. Section I, comprising six papers, looks into the determinants of people's health. Section II consists of three papers and deals with the supply side of the market for health care services. Finally, Section III contains three contributions devoted to health regulation. The intended market for this volume includes, but is not limited to, health economists, policy makers, insurers, and governmental advisors who need to stay abreast of the latest developments in health services research worldwide.
Author : Ji Luo
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811640238
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)
Download or read book Rural Long Tail Public Service and the Correction Mechanism written by Ji Luo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-24 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book firstly analyzes the status and characteristics of rural long tail public service and its unbalance in detail. In all, based on the long tail theory, mechanism design theory and resource dependence theory, this book makes an empirical study and basic judgment on the matching of supply and demand of rural long tail public services in China and explores the mechanism of the efficiency of supply and demand affecting the imbalance. This book presents a correction mechanism of rural long tail public demand based on the division of different response subjects and puts forward corresponding policy suggestions. By putting the rural public demand in the “embedded” economic and social system and the development process, this book analyzes its future trend and response path. Then, based on the difference of governance efficiency, this book analyzes the general causes of the unbalance of supply and demand of rural long tail public service. Especially for the representative field of rural public service (e.g., special education, old-age caring, medical care), this book carries out empirical studies (seemingly unrelated regression) to analyze the factors, internal mechanism and basic path of the imbalance of rural long tail public service. Thirdly, through the construction of the imbalance index of rural long tail public service, this book makes an empirical calculation of the severity of this imbalance. This book further puts forward the design of the correction mechanism for the imbalance of rural long tail public service and carries on the reasonable and orderly division for different supply subjects. In the end, this book puts forward the balanced “Internet + NGO” model for rural long tail public service and takes JD.com as an example to expound the operation of the network platform of the correction mechanism.
Author : Gwilym Pryce
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030745449
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Urban Inequality and Segregation in Europe and China written by Gwilym Pryce and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores new research directions in social inequality and urban segregation. With the goal of fostering an ongoing dialogue between scholars in Europe and China, it brings together an impressive team of international researchers to shed light on the entwined processes of inequality and segregation, and the implications for urban development. Through a rich collection of empirical studies at the city, regional and national levels, the book explores the impact of migration on cities, the related problems of social and spatial segregation, and the ramifications for policy reform. While the literature on both segregation and inequality has traditionally been dominated by European and North American studies, there is growing interest in these issues in the Chinese context. Economic liberalization, rapid industrial restructuring, the enormous growth of cities, and internal migration, have all reshaped the country profoundly. What have we learned from the European and North American experience of segregation and inequality, and what insights can be gleaned to inform the bourgeoning interest in these issues in the Chinese context? How is China different, both in terms of the nature and the consequences of segregation inequality, and what are the implications for future research and policy? Given the continued rise of China’s significance in the world, and its recent declaration of war on poverty, this book offers a timely contribution to scholarship, identifying the core insights to be learned from existing research, and providing important guidance on future directions for policy makers and researchers.
