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Nebraska Symposium On Motivation Papers V 1
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Book Synopsis Motivation and Delinquency by : D. Wayne Osgood
Download or read book Motivation and Delinquency written by D. Wayne Osgood and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivational concepts pervade the classic theories of delinquency. And yet, there has been little detailed analysis of the relationship between motivation and delinquency. In this 44th volume of the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, a group of leading scholars in a broad range of fields make up for that scholarly negligence, giving explicit and systematic attention to the subject.øJoan McCord opens the volume by considering fundamental questions about relationships between motivation, explanation, blame, and free will, thereby developing a base from which she poses a theory of motivation for crime. Michael Rutter and colleagues review findings concerning factors ranging from social organization to behavioral genetics; throughout, they grapple with various forms of delinquency, from common misbehavior to persistent personality disorder. Gerald Patterson and Karen Yoeger?s chapter on late-onset delinquency extends their influential work and illustrates the application of behaviorist psychology that Patterson has been developing for over twenty years. James Tedeschi examines juvenile delinquency from the perspective of his social interactionist theory of violence; this theory, based on the social psychology of interdependence, construes violence as a coercive attempt at social influence. Finally, Karen Heimer and Ross Matsueda compare the study of delinquency by social psychologists in the fields of psychology and sociology and present their own symbolic interactionist theory of delinquency.
Book Synopsis Perspectives on Motivation by : Richard Dienstbier
Download or read book Perspectives on Motivation written by Richard Dienstbier and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Appearing on the hundredth anniversary of the teaching of psychology at the University of Nebraska, this volume represents a return to an earlier preoccupation with motivation and reflects a resurgence of interest in it.øEight professionals in psychology discuss the many sides of motivation. Mortimer Appley, president emeritus of Clark University, sees equilibrium, or homeostasis, as the fundamental motivational process. Douglas Derryberry and Don M. Tucker of the University of Oregon present a broad and basic model of motivation, viewing it as a product of the evolution and neural architecture of the human brain. Carole S. Dweck of Columbia University approaches personality development through motivational concepts, in particular goals related to self-image. Bernard Weiner of the University of California, Los Angeles, discusses the importance of one?s perception of control over the causes of a situation or problem and over its management or solution. Albert Bandura of Stanford University is concerned with short- and long-term goals as they are affected by emotional states and a sense of self-efficacy. Similarly, Edward L. Deci and Richard M. Ryan of the University of Rochester consider the bearing of self-determination on motivation and achievement.
Book Synopsis Socioemotional Development by : Ross A. Thompson
Download or read book Socioemotional Development written by Ross A. Thompson and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1990-01-01 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Variations in childhood development are nowhere more conspicuous or important than in the development and expression of emotions. A child's capacity to understand another's feelings, to experience guilt or shame, to manipulate others emotionally, to anticipate the response of parents to displays of anger of distress, to exercise emotional control?all of these are aspects of socioemotional development. A concern with it is reflected in the efforts of researchers to understand the long-term consequences of the parent-infant attachment, the effects of maltreatment on young children, the influence of congenital disorders on their social and emotional functioning, and the origins of depression. Thus the topic of socioemotionalødevelopment has far-reaching and fascinating applications to everyday life, as the essays in this volume reveal. In Socioemotional Development leading scholars approach the topic from diverse perspectives, summarizing findings and discussing original research. They also address a number of broad developmental concerns: What are the lasting effects of early influence? What can account for the long-term consistency of individual characteristics? What are the origins of psychological disorders? To what extent is emotional experience socially constructed? How does biology affect emotion? The contributors and their works are Carol Z. Malatesta, ?The Role of Emotions in the Development and Organization of Personality?; Inge Bretherton, ?Open Communication and Internal Working Models: Their Role in the Development of Attachment Relationships?; Carolyn Saarni, ?Emotional Competence: How Emotions and Relationships Become Integrated?: Carolyn Zahn-Waxler and Grazyna Kochanska, ?The Origins of Guilt?; Dante Cicchetti, ?The Organization and Coherence of Socioemotional, Cognitive, and Representational Development: Illustrations through a Developmental Psychopathology Perspective on Down's Syndrome and Child Maltreatment.?
Book Synopsis Gender and Motivation by : Dan Bernstein
Download or read book Gender and Motivation written by Dan Bernstein and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does knowing a person?s gender give us a reliable sense of how aggressive, competitive, or emotional he or she is? In this volume leading scholars examine different aspects of this issue. Carol Tavris discusses the state of gender research and the reasons for the continuing popularity of essentialist theories of gender opposition. Nicki Crick and a team of researchers reassess stereotyped assumptions about gender and aggression, employing a more comprehensive definition of aggression as damaging relations rather than only bodies. Diane Gill looks at the relationship between gender and sports competition, explicating how the unique social context of sports affects gender perceptions and performances. Reed Larson and Joseph Pleck question the popular conception of men as less emotional than women, studying gender differences in ?felt? rather than ?expressed? emotions in daily life. Leonore Tiefer considers the ways in which gender roles in sexuality are socially rather than biologically constructed.
Book Synopsis Developmental Perspectives on Motivation by : Janis E. Jacobs
Download or read book Developmental Perspectives on Motivation written by Janis E. Jacobs and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some of the best current work on the development of motivation is presented in this fortieth volume of the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. The diverse approaches for conceptualizing and studying motivational development psychology that extends the traditional area of achievement motivation. Some major themes emerge: the conceptualization of the self, the internal and external factors that affect development of motivations, and the choices that result from one's motivations.øRichard Ryan's opening chapter places the entire work in context by describing historical and theoretical perspectives on developmental and psychosocial models used to understand motivation. Mihaly Csikszentmihaly and Kevin Rathunde also focus on intrinsic motivation, but with a greater focus on "flow," the experience of full involvement with an activity. Susan Harter discusses the roles of the I-self and the me-self research models.øJacquelynne S. Eccles stresses the link between the social contexts of family and school and the motivational constructs related to achievement and choice of activity. Laura L. Carstensen maintains Eccles's focus on the importance of choice of activity, but concentrates on the later stages in life when social contact declines as a result of changing social and emotional motivations.øThe volume concludes with a summary analyzing the contributors' descriptions of the diverse but complementary aspects of developmental processes and theory.
Book Synopsis Psychology and Aging by : Theo B. Sonderegger
Download or read book Psychology and Aging written by Theo B. Sonderegger and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prestigious group of scholars assembled for this thirty-ninth volume of the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation address important issues in "Psychology and Aging." In the first chapter, James E. Birren and Laurel M. Fisher consider slowness of behavior as a general condition often associated with advancing age and explore its implications of a wide range of hierarchical functions. In succeeding chapters Martha Storandt assesses memory-skills training for older adults, and Irene Mackintosh Hulicka offers, in a previously unpublished G. Stanley Hall lecture, cogent reasons for teaching about aging in psychology classes and procedures for doing so. Challenging the view that cognitive aging is identical with decline, Paul B. Baltes, Jacqui Smith, and Ursula Staudinger adopt the hypothesis of simultaneous growth and decline and relate it to wisdom. Trait psychology is discussed by Paul T. Costa, Jr., and Robert R. McCrae, who review the most recent advances and present new data from longitudinal studies. K. Warner Schaie and his colleagues describe problems and methods of studying natural cohorts within a longitudinal study and report the first data on adult parent-offspring similarity determined as a function of the age of the pair when studied. A commentary chapter by Ross A. Thompson concludes the volume.
Book Synopsis Alcohol and Addictive Behavior by : P. Clayton Rivers
Download or read book Alcohol and Addictive Behavior written by P. Clayton Rivers and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol and drug abuse are among the gravest and most widespread problems clinical psychologists must treat. Though the problems seem perennial, diagnosis and treatment have been steadily refined, allowing professional psychologists to assess more variables and to offer more effective help. This volume surveys theølatest advances in research and therapy and reconsiders standard treatment practices. The contributors to Alcohol and Addictive Behavior, all of them established professionals, focus on such key issues as the effect of addiction on the family, the influence of genetics, and the source of alcohol and drug craving. Much of what they report is based on new and ongoing research that should have considerable influence in the future treatment of alcohol and substance abusers. The contents include: ?What Do Behavioral Scientists Know?and What Can They Do?about Alcoholism? by Peter E. Nathan, Rutgers University; ?The Four Alcoholisms: A Developmental Account of the Etiological Process? by Robert A. Zucker, Michigan State University; ?Antecedents and Consequences of Drinking and Drinking Patterns in Women: Patterns from a U.S. National Survey? by Richard W. Wilsnack, University of North Dakota School of Medicine; ?Alcoholism: A Family Interaction Perspective? by Theodore Jacob, University of Pittsburgh, Biological Markers for Alcoholism: A Vulnerability Model Conceptualization? by Shirley Y. Hill, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; and ?The Motivation to Use Drugs: A Psychobiological Analysis of Urges? by Timothy B. Baker, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Book Synopsis Motivation and Child Maltreatment by : David J. Hansen
Download or read book Motivation and Child Maltreatment written by David J. Hansen and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, the concept of motivation is used to shed light on a range of complex issues surrounding the maltreatment of children. Cathy Spatz Widom investigates the role of motivation in the intergenerational transmission of violence, where victimized children themselves become perpetrators of violence as adults. Joel S. Milner looks at the way abusive parents process social information related to children. The biological, psychological, and social-contextual regulatory processes in maltreated children are considered by Dante Cicchetti and Sheree L. Toth. Deborah Daro discusses the current status of efforts to eliminate maltreatment of children and offers an alternative model for approaching the concept and practice of prevention. John R. Lutzker addresses the challenges of and procedures for applied research on the treatment of abusive parents. In his concluding essay Ross A. Thompson highlights the important themes focusing on child maltreatment that underlie this volume.
Book Synopsis Current Catalog by : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Download or read book Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
Book Synopsis Integrative Views of Motivation, Cognition, and Emotion by : William D. Spaulding
Download or read book Integrative Views of Motivation, Cognition, and Emotion written by William D. Spaulding and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychological theory has traditionally attempted to explain events in terms of motivation, emotion, or cognition. Over the past decade, psychology has come to be viewed as a paradigmatic science; the new paradigm being the understanding of behavior in terms of cognitive representations. This cognitive revolution has fostered a view of the passing of information back and forth between perceptual, memory, and motor components of an integrated system, known as the ?computational metaphor.? With cognition as the new paradigm, can we expect that the explanatory scope of psychology will be clarified? Will a cognitive perspective be extended to phenomena that have traditionally fallen under the rubric of motivation and emotion? The psychologists involved in this volume of the Nebraska Symposium address these questions specifically. Their contributions stimulate a hypothesis that the cognitive paradigm has begun to move psychology toward a ?unified field theory? of behavior and experience. Herbert A. Simon tests the limits of a pure information processing paradigm. A basic tenet of this theoretical approach is that information exists independent of the medium by which it is represented. By analyzing the information processing capabilities of nonbiological systems, or ?artificial intelligence,? we may determine which aspects of motivation and emotion require the biological substrate of cognition. Muriel D. Lezak raises a similar question by focusing on the biological substrate itself and by analyzing the constraints and determinations that it imposes. Howard Gardner considers the medium and the information it processes; thus he lays a conceptual foundation for making the facts of biological brain science congruent with the richness of human behavior and experience.
Book Synopsis Psychology and Gender by : Theo B. Sonderegger
Download or read book Psychology and Gender written by Theo B. Sonderegger and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender, an important concept in psychology, is brought into sharp focus in the 1984 Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, which presents important new findings in eight papers, four dealing with sex differences and four with gender as a variable.ø The papers on sex differences with Ann Anastasi's "Reciprocal Relations between Cognitive and Affective Development?with Implications for Sex Differences," in which the author relates aptitudes aboutøthe sex appropriateness of behaviors to attitudes and task performance. The effects of prenatal sex hormones on gender identity and gender-roleøbehavior are the subject of the next paper, "Gender Differences: A Biosocial Perspective" by Anke A. Ehrhardt. In "Gender Identity and Its Implications for the Concepts of Masculinity and Femininity,"øJanet T. Spence proposes a new theoretical approach to the meanings of "femininity" and "masculinity."ø"Sex Differences in Achievement Patterns" are Jacquelynne Eccles's concern in her paper. Gender is now studied as a variable in all areas of psychology, several of which are represented in the next four papers. The concept is viewed in the light of attribution theory by Virginia E. O'Leary and Ranald D. Hansen inø"Sex as an Attributional Fact."øSandra Lipsitz Bem, in "Androgeny and Gender Schema Theory: A Conceptual and Empirical Integration," reviews her studies of gender-schematic processing and offers strategies for parents who wish to raise gender-schematic children in a gender-schematic society. Joan C. Martin'sø"Perinatal Psychoactive Drug Use: Effects on Gender, Development, and Function in Offspring"øfocuses on the sex-ratio effects of nicotine, alcohol, and barbiturates on the offspring of rats to whom those drugs were administered during their pregnancy. Differential effects on women and men of cultural attitudes about obesity are the subject ofø"Women and Weight: A Normative Discontent" by Judith Rodin, Lisa Silberstein, and Ruth Striegel-Moore. An introduction by Theo B. Sonderegger, professor of psychology at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, places the papers in the context of research on sex differences and gender as a variable.
Book Synopsis Agency, Motivation, and the Life Course by : Lisa J. Crockett
Download or read book Agency, Motivation, and the Life Course written by Lisa J. Crockett and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In what ways do individuals influence the course of their lives? How do people construct a unique life path within the opportunities and constraints afforded by their world? This volume examines how agency in the life course can be conceptualized and investigates the specific ways in which personal characteristics and contextual variables play a role in shaping individual lives. The contributors offer differing perspectives on agency, how its expression changes over a lifetime, and how it is constrained, channeled, or altered by cultural and social institutions. Each chapter focuses on one aspect of individual agency that can have a cumulative influence on an individual's life. Following an overview of the subject by Lisa J. Crockett, Jochen BrandtstÜdter and Klaus Rothermund provide a life-span model of agency focused on "intentional self-development" and goal accommodation. Ellen Skinner and Kathleen Edge discuss the development of coping, a potential underpinning of agency. In a concluding essay, Michael J. Shanahan and Glen H. Elder Jr. examine agency within a life-course framework, showing that the impact of individual agency on people's lives depends on the opportunities and constraints present during a particular historical era.
Book Synopsis The Law as a Behavioral Instrument by : Gary B. Melton
Download or read book The Law as a Behavioral Instrument written by Gary B. Melton and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1986-01-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of the law on human behavior is contemporary society?nothing less is the concern of this important book. It is curious that scholars in psychology and law have largely neglected this topic because studies of the effects of law on behavior may have much to teach about the role of social regulation in human motivation more generally. Similarly, such studies may offer jurisprudential scholars new ways of thinking about the role of law in human experience.øHere seven leading experts on law and the social sciences discuss the contributions their research c an make to the legal system. Concerned with the relationship between the law and both individual and group behavior, they examine the law as an instrument of social stasis and social change and as an element of personal motivation. The result is a major step toward the development of a psychology of jurisprudence. The scope of this book is in the best tradition of the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation and a fitting celebration of the tenth anniversary of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln's Law/Psychology Program, the first integrated graduate training program in psycho-legal studies. Drawing from law, anthropology, sociology, psychology, and philosophy, the contributors take a truly interdisciplinary approach to understanding the instrumentality of law.
Book Synopsis The Individual, the Family, and Social Good by : Gary B. Melton
Download or read book The Individual, the Family, and Social Good written by Gary B. Melton and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question of whether personal gratification is compatible with social good is one of the fundamental problems of motivation. The family, an institution that has undergone extraordinary change in the last generation, is perhaps the most profound context in which to consider this issue. This volume is tinged with prophetic concern about the state of contemporary family life and about the (un)likelihood of reconciling individual family members' interests with those of the family as a whole. The nine contributors' backgrounds are diverse-anthropology, economics, law, and clinical, community, developmental, and social psychology-and their positions on the nature of motivation in families vary widely. Their views are often disquieting and sometimes conflicting as they offer provocative analyses of divorce, family violence, political transitions, and concerns of both Western and non-Western cultures. Gary B. Melton is director of the Institute for Families in Society at the University of South Carolina and professor of law, neuropsychiatry, and psychology. His books include Adolescent Abortion: Psychological and Legal Issues (Nebraska 1986).
Book Synopsis Comparative Perspectives in Modern Psychology by : Daniel W. Leger
Download or read book Comparative Perspectives in Modern Psychology written by Daniel W. Leger and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of animal behavior throws light on everything said to be ?natural?: social and family relations, mating, communication, and learning. Comparative Perspectives in Modern Psychology illustrates that human behavior is best understood through a method of comparative psychology, based on evolutionary theory that views behavior as the result of the complex interplay of genetics and environment. Contents include: ?The Comparative Psychology of Monogamy? by Donald A. Dewsbury; ?Coming to Terms with the Everyday Language of Comparative Psychology? by Meredith J. West and Andrew P. King; ?The Darwinian Psychology of Discriminative Parental Solicitude? by Martin Daly and Margo Wilson; ?A Comparative Approach to Vocal Communication? by Charles T. Snowdon; ?A New Look at Ape Language: Comprehension of Vocal Speech and Syntax? by Sue Savage-Rumbaugh; ?A Synthetic Approach to the Study of Animal Intelligence? by Alan C. Kamil.
Book Synopsis Moral Motivation Through the Life Span by : Gustavo Carlo
Download or read book Moral Motivation Through the Life Span written by Gustavo Carlo and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moral Motivation through the Life Span is the fifty-first volume in the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation series, the longest continuously running symposium in the field of psychology. This work focuses on moral development theory and research, an area of academic study that began early in the twentieth century but has never before been addressed by the Symposium. What is morality, such theorists ask, and what exactly makes a "moral person"? ø The contributors to this volume are of diverse theoretical orientations and take different stances on a number of major themes: What motivates moral behavior? Are there certain universal moral values, or are such values always subjective? Does an individual's will or an individual's environment play a greater role in determining moral conduct? What influence can we attribute to spirituality? Finally, the contributors explore the practical applications of their research on moral motivation: What implications do such theories have for child-rearing or our educational system? How do we raise the next generation to be empathetic toward their fellow human beings?
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Psychology and Motivation by : Jeffrey A. French
Download or read book Evolutionary Psychology and Motivation written by Jeffrey A. French and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent media coverage of the controversial theory of sexual violence as a product of biological evolution has once again brought the question of the origins of human motivation into the public eye. In this volume, leading scholars in behavioral studies examine the value of evolutionary perspectives in understanding psychological motivations. Beginning with the fundamental fact that humans are part of the biological world, evolutionary psychologists contend that human motivations and mental processes should be understood as by-products of natural selection. By viewing human psychology?both normal and abnormal?within this framework, evolutionary psychologists intend to bridge the disciplinary divide between traditional psychology and fields such as biology.
