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Author : Peter J. Riggs
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789401586085
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Natural Kinds, Laws of Nature and Scientific Methodology written by Peter J. Riggs and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Peter J. Riggs
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401586071
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Natural Kinds, Laws of Nature and Scientific Methodology written by Peter J. Riggs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Australia and New Zealand boast an active community of scholars working in the field of history, philosophy and social studies of science. 'Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science' aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for their work. Each volume comprises a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. In each volume, a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand. CQntributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out, however, and are indeed actively encouraged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question. Earlier volumes in the series have been welcomed for significantly advancing the discussion of the topics they have dealt with. The present volume will I believe be greeted equally enthusiastically by readers in many parts of the world. R. W. Home General Editor Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Vll ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The stimulus to assemble this collection of essays grew from a number of interesting seminars conducted during the academic years 1991-92, under the auspices of the Victorian Centre for the History and Philosophy of Science (which is centred at the Bundoora campus of La Trobe University in the outer suburbs of Melbourne). Some of the seminar presentations to the Victorian Centre for HPS and other articles awaiting pUblication have been made available as part of the Pre-print Series of the Victorian Centre.
Author : Joseph Keim Campbell
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262297906
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)
Download or read book Carving Nature at Its Joints written by Joseph Keim Campbell and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011-10-28 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflections on the metaphysics and epistemology of classification from a distinguished group of philosophers. Contemporary discussions of the success of science often invoke an ancient metaphor from Plato's Phaedrus: successful theories should "carve nature at its joints." But is nature really "jointed"? Are there natural kinds of things around which our theories cut? The essays in this volume offer reflections by a distinguished group of philosophers on a series of intertwined issues in the metaphysics and epistemology of classification. The contributors consider such topics as the relevance of natural kinds in inductive inference; the role of natural kinds in natural laws; the nature of fundamental properties; the naturalness of boundaries; the metaphysics and epistemology of biological kinds; and the relevance of biological kinds to certain questions in ethics. Carving Nature at Its Joints offers both breadth and thematic unity, providing a sampling of state-of-the-art work in contemporary analytic philosophy that will be of interest to a wide audience of scholars and students concerned with classification.
Author : Arthur David Ritchie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Scientific Method written by Arthur David Ritchie and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : H. Sankey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401592292
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Causation and Laws of Nature written by H. Sankey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Causation and Laws of Nature is a collection of articles which represents current research on the metaphysics of causation and laws of nature, mostly by authors working in or active in the Australasian region. The book provides an overview of current work on the theory of causation, including counterfactual, singularist, nomological and causal process approaches. It also covers work on the nature of laws of nature, with special emphasis on the scientific essentialist theory that laws of nature are, at base, the fundamental dispositions or capacities of natural kinds of things. Because the book represents a good cross-section of authors currently working on these themes in the Australasian region, it conveys something of the interest and excitement of an active philosophical debate between advocates of several different research programmes in the area.
Author : Yemima Ben-Menahem
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030967751
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)
Download or read book Rethinking the Concept of Law of Nature written by Yemima Ben-Menahem and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-13 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book subjects the traditional concept of law of nature to critical examination. There are two kinds of reasons that invite this reexamination, one deriving from philosophical concerns over the traditional concept, the other motivated by theoretical and practical changes in science. One of the philosophical worries is that the idiom of law of nature, especially when combined with the notion of laws 'governing' individual events and processes, is no longer as intelligible as it used to be in the theistic context in which the formulation of laws became central to science. The traditional concept is also challenged in various ways by contemporary scientific theories such as quantum mechanics, chaos theory and the general theory of relativity. It is no longer clear that there are any universal laws, laws do not always guarantee predictability, and the border between physical and mathematical considerations is constantly shifting. The most difficult challenge, perhaps, is to come up with a scientific explanation of the origin of laws. Wrestling with these intriguing problems, the papers in this volume broaden both our understanding of the natural order and our desiderata of scientific explanation.
Author : Bruno Gnassounou
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317149505
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)
Download or read book Dispositions and Causal Powers written by Bruno Gnassounou and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dispositions are everywhere. We say that a wall is hard, that water quenches thirst and is transparent, that dogs can swim and oak trees can let their leaves fall, and that acid has the power to corrode metals. All these statements express attributions of dispositions, be they physical, physiological or psychological, yet there is much philosophical debate about how far, if at all, dispositional predicates can have complete meaning or figure in causal explanations. This collection of essays, by leading international researchers, examine the case for realism with respect to dispositions and causal powers in both metaphysics and science. Among the issues debated in this book is whether dispositions can be analyzed in terms of conditionals, whether all dispositions have a so-called categorical basis and, if they do, what is the relation between the disposition and its basis.
Author : Joseph Keim Campbell
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262015935
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Carving Nature at Its Joints written by Joseph Keim Campbell and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflections on the metaphysics and epistemology of classification from a distinguished group of philosophers. Contemporary discussions of the success of science often invoke an ancient metaphor from Plato's Phaedrus: successful theories should "carve nature at its joints." But is nature really "jointed"? Are there natural kinds of things around which our theories cut? The essays in this volume offer reflections by a distinguished group of philosophers on a series of intertwined issues in the metaphysics and epistemology of classification. The contributors consider such topics as the relevance of natural kinds in inductive inference; the role of natural kinds in natural laws; the nature of fundamental properties; the naturalness of boundaries; the metaphysics and epistemology of biological kinds; and the relevance of biological kinds to certain questions in ethics. Carving Nature at Its Joints offers both breadth and thematic unity, providing a sampling of state-of-the-art work in contemporary analytic philosophy that will be of interest to a wide audience of scholars and students concerned with classification.
Author : Brian Ellis
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521800945
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Scientific Essentialism written by Brian Ellis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-04-09 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the laws of nature.
Author : Brian Ellis
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317489500
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)
Download or read book The Philosophy of Nature written by Brian Ellis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In "The Philosophy of Nature," Brian Ellis provides a clear and forthright general summation of, and introduction to, the new essentialist position. Although the theory that the laws of nature are immanent in things, rather than imposed on them from without, is an ancient one, much recent work has been done to revive interest in essentialism and "The Philosophy of Nature" is a distinctive contribution to this lively current debate. Brian Ellis exposes the philosophical and scientific credentials of the prevailing Humean metaphysic as less than compelling and makes the case for new essentialism as an alternative metaphysical perspective in lucid and unambiguous terms. This book develops this alternative metaphysic and considers the consequences for philosophy, and for some other areas of investigation, of working with such a metaphysic. Ellis argues that these consequences are profound and that a new essentialism provides a comprehensive new philosophy of nature for a modern scientific understanding of the world.
Author : A. Pablo Iannone
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134680449
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)
Download or read book Dictionary of World Philosophy written by A. Pablo Iannone and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dictionary of World Philosophy covers the diverse and challenging terminology, concepts, schools and traditions of the vast field of world philosophy. Providing an extremely comprehensive resource and an essential point of reference in a complex and expanding field of study the Dictionary covers all major subfields of the discipline. Key features: * Cross-references are used to highlight interconnections and the cross-cultural diffusion and adaptation of terms which has taken place over time * The user is led from specific terms to master entries which provide valuable historical and cultural context * Each master entry is followed by at least two suggestions for further reading on the subject, creating a substantial bibliography of world philosophy * References extend beyond philosophy to related areas such as cognitive science, computer science, language and physics Subdisciplines covered include:* aesthetics * ethics * sociopolitical philosophy * the philosophy of law * epistemology * logic * the philosophy of science * the philosophy of mind * the philosophy of culture and history * metaphysics * the philosophy of religion Entries are drawn from West Africa, Arabic, Chinese, Indian, Japanese, Jewish, Korean, Latin American, Maori and Native American philosophy including the important and so far largely neglected instance of Pre-Hispanic thought: Nahua philosophy.
Author : N. Rescher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401714665
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Essays in Honor of Carl G. Hempel written by N. Rescher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eminent philosopher of science Carl G. Hempel, Stuart Professor of Philosophy at Princeton University and a Past President of the American Philosophical Association, has had a long and distinguished academic career in the course of which he has been professorial mentor to some of America's most distinguished philosophers. This volume gathers together twelve original papers by Hempel's students and associates into a volume intended to do homage to Hempel on the occasion of his 65th year in 1970. The papers are grouped around the unifying topic of Hempel's own interests in logic and philosophy of science, the great majority dealing with issues on inductive logic and the theory of scientific explanatio- problems to which Hempel has devoted the bulk of his outstandingly fruitful efforts. With the approach of 'Peter' Hempel's 65th birthday, an editorial committee sprang into being by an uncannily spontaneous process to prepare to commemorate this event with an appropriate Festschrift. The editors were pleased to receive unfailingly prompt and efficient coopera tion on the part of all contributors. The responsibility of seeing the work through the press was assumed by Nicholas Rescher. The editors are grateful to all concerned for their collaboration. ALAN ROSS ANDERSON PAUL BENACERRAF ADOLF GRUNBAUM GERALD J. MASSEY NICHOLAS RESCHER RICHARD S. RUDNER TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE V PAUL OPPENHEIM: Reminiscences of Peter 1 w. v. QUINE: Natural Kinds 5 JAAKKO HINTIKKA: Inductive Independence and the Paradoxes of Confirmation 24 WESLEY c.
Author : Brian Ellis
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317489497
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)
Download or read book The Philosophy of Nature written by Brian Ellis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In "The Philosophy of Nature," Brian Ellis provides a clear and forthright general summation of, and introduction to, the new essentialist position. Although the theory that the laws of nature are immanent in things, rather than imposed on them from without, is an ancient one, much recent work has been done to revive interest in essentialism and "The Philosophy of Nature" is a distinctive contribution to this lively current debate. Brian Ellis exposes the philosophical and scientific credentials of the prevailing Humean metaphysic as less than compelling and makes the case for new essentialism as an alternative metaphysical perspective in lucid and unambiguous terms. This book develops this alternative metaphysic and considers the consequences for philosophy, and for some other areas of investigation, of working with such a metaphysic. Ellis argues that these consequences are profound and that a new essentialism provides a comprehensive new philosophy of nature for a modern scientific understanding of the world.
Author : Peter R. Anstey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402037031
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book The Science of Nature in the Seventeenth Century written by Peter R. Anstey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-28 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the hallmarks of the modern world has been the stunning rise of the natural sciences. The exponential expansion of scientific knowledge and the accompanying technology that so impact on our daily lives are truly remarkable. But what is often taken for granted is the enviable epistemic-credit rating of scientific knowledge: science is authoritative, science inspires confidence, science is right. Yet it has not always been so. In the seventeenth century the situation was markedly different: competing sources of authority, shifting disciplinary boundaries, emerging modes of experimental practice and methodological reflection were some of the constituents in a quite different mélange in which knowledge of nature was by no means p- eminent. It was the desire to probe the underlying causes of the shift from the early modern ‘nature-knowledge’ to modern science that was one of the stimuli for the ‘Origins of Modernity: Early Modern Thought 1543–1789’ conference held in Sydney in July 2002. How and why did modern science emerge from its early modern roots to the dominant position which it enjoys in today’s post-modern world? Under the auspices of the International Society for Intellectual History, The University of New South Wales and The University of Sydney, a group of historians and philosophers of science gathered to discuss this issue. However, it soon became clear that a prior question needed to be settled first: the question as to the precise nature of the quest for knowledge of the natural realm in the seventeenth century.
Author : S. Clarke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401728623
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Recent Themes in the Philosophy of Science written by S. Clarke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Australia and New Zealand boast an active community of scholars working in the field of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for their work. Each volume comprises a group of thematically-connected essays edited by scholars based in Australia or New Zealand with special expertise in that particular area. In each volume, a majority ofthe contributors are from Australia or New Zealand. Contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out, however, and are actively encouraged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question. Earlier volumes in the series have been welcomed for significantly advancing the discussion of the topics they have dealt with. I believe that the present volume will be greeted equally enthusiastically by readers in many parts of the world. R. W. Home General Editor Australasian Studies in History And Philosophy of Science viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The majority of the papers in this collection had their origin in the 2001 Australasian Association for History, Philosophy, and Social Studies of Science annual conference, held at the University of Melbourne, where streams of papers on the themes of scientific realism and commonsense were organised.
Author : James Mahoney
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069121705X
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)
Download or read book The Logic of Social Science written by James Mahoney and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-17 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mahoney's starting point is the problem of essentialism in social science. Essentialism--the belief that the members of a category possess hidden properties ("essences") that make them members of the category and that endow them with a certain nature--is appropriate for scientific categories ("atoms", for instance) but not for human ones ("revolutions," for instance). Despite this, much social science research takes place from within an essentialist orientation; those who reject this assumption goes so far in the other direction as to reject the idea of an external reality, independent of human beings, altogether. Mahoney proposes an alternative approach that aspires to bridge this enduring rift in the social sciences between those who take a scientific approach and assume that social science categories correspond to external reality (and thus believe that the methods used in the natural sciences are generally appropriate for the social sciences) and those who take a constructivist approach and believe that because the categories used to understand the social world are humanly-constructed, they cannot possibly follow the science of the natural world. As the name suggests, scientific constructivism brings in aspects of both views and attempts to unite them. Drawing from cognitive science, it focuses on using the rational parts of our brain machinery to overcome the limitations and deeply seated biases (such as essentialism) of our evolved minds. Specifically, Mahoney puts forth a "set-theoretic analysis" that focuses on "sets" of categories as they exist in the mind that are also subject to the mathematical logic of set-theory. He spends the first four chapters of the book establishing the foundations and methods for set-theoretic analysis, the next four chapters looking and how this analysis fits with the existing tools of social science, and the final four chapters focusing on how this approach can be used to study and understand cases"--
Author : Toby Handfield
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN 13 : 0199558930
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)
Download or read book Dispositions and Causes written by Toby Handfield and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2009-02-05 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title contains ten essays by scholars working in both metaphysics and in philosophy of science, examining the relation between dispositional and causal concepts.
