Nathaniel Southgate Shaler And The Culture Of American Science

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Nathaniel Southgate Shaler and the Culture of American Science

Author : David N. Livingstone
Publisher : University Alabama Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Nathaniel Southgate Shaler and the Culture of American Science by : David N. Livingstone

Download or read book Nathaniel Southgate Shaler and the Culture of American Science written by David N. Livingstone and published by University Alabama Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nathaniel Southgate Shaler and the Culture of American Science is the first book-length study of the man who served as Harvard's Professor of Geology and Paleontology during the Darwinian era. Shaler was a student of Louis Agassiz and went on to a successful, multifaceted career as a geologist, geographer, educator, humanist, and poet. Livingstone employs a thematic approach to chart Shaler's career against the broader intellectual currents of America's Gilded Age. After tracing Shaler's life story from his boyhood in Kentucky through his student years at Harvard, his service with the Geological Survey, and eventually his years as Dean of Harvard's Lawrence Scientific School, the author examines Shaler's evolutionary vision and portrays his strategic efforts to reconcile the nineteenth century's scientific and religious world views. Livingstone assesses Shaler's prolific writings, including those on race, which demonstrate a typical concern to provide a "scientific" perspective on the political questions of immigration restriction and eugenic control. IN addition, the book explores his efforts to interweave geography and history, particularly in relation to the American frontier; and his contributions to geology and geomorphology. The portrait of Shaler is completed with a review of his educational thinking and his role in establishing the American Summer School and in furthering scientific and technological education. Nathaniel Southgate Shaler emerges from Livingstone's work as a distinctive figure in the development of the new scientific culture, a figure who provides a focal point for assessing the impact of evolutionary naturalism on late-nineteenth-century American thought.

Science at Harvard University

Author : Clark A. Elliott
Publisher : Lehigh University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780934223126
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis Science at Harvard University by : Clark A. Elliott

Download or read book Science at Harvard University written by Clark A. Elliott and published by Lehigh University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This collection of original historical essays examines aspects of the relationship between science and the nation's oldest academic institution. This is history as viewed from the varying perspectives of a group of scholars for whom science at Harvard University is a significant component of their ongoing research. Thus, the essays are of specialist interest, while collectively the volume is a case study of science in an institutional setting. In conducting their research, the authors have used a wealth of primary sources from the Harvard Archives and other repositories." "The volume opens with a thematic introduction by Margaret Rossiter reflecting the picture of Harvard science drawn in the several papers in the volume, while suggesting ways in which a study of Harvard relates to and illuminates the history of science in America." "The subsequent papers follow a generally chronological sequence, beginning with Sara Schechner Genuth's study of attitudes toward comets in relation to early Harvard University programs and functions. Mary Ann James examines the beginnings of applied science at Harvard, and Bruce Sinclair continues that theme with a comparative study of MIT and Harvard." "Toby Appel's paper on zoologist Jeffries Wyman identifies the special part that personal character plays in institutional history. Curtis Hinsley concentrates on facilities and shows how the Peabody Museum gave rise to teaching in anthropology. David Livingstone's biographical treatment of Nathaniel S. Shaler reveals a number of intellectual strands running through the University in the late nineteenth century, and John Parascandola's paper on L. J. Henderson likewise deals with a figure of wide influence and many interests, ranging from biochemistry to sociology. The latter topic leads to Lawrence Nichols's account of the rise of sociology at Harvard. A view of the internal tensions within psychology are seen in Rodney Triplet's study of Henry A. Murray." "I. Bernard Cohen examines the relations among Howard Aiken, IBM, and Harvard in the development of the Mark I computer, while Peggy Kidwell studies the Observatory community during World War II and its response to national defense and a developing federal support system." "Finally, Clark Elliott considers the history of Harvard science as a field for study through a review of published literature and archival sources and makes suggestions for further investigation."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved

William Stimpson and the Golden Age of American Natural History

Author : Ronald Scott Vasile
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1609092406
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis William Stimpson and the Golden Age of American Natural History by : Ronald Scott Vasile

Download or read book William Stimpson and the Golden Age of American Natural History written by Ronald Scott Vasile and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-19 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: William Stimpson was at the forefront of the American natural history community in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Stimpson displayed an early affinity for the sea and natural history, and after completing an apprenticeship with famed naturalist Louis Agassiz, he became one of the first professionally trained naturalists in the United States. In 1852, twenty-year-old Stimpson was appointed naturalist of the United States North Pacific Exploring Expedition, where he collected and classified hundreds of marine animals. Upon his return, he joined renowned naturalist Spencer F. Baird at the Smithsonian Institution to create its department of invertebrate zoology. He also founded and led the irreverent and fun-loving Megatherium Club, which included many notable naturalists. In 1865, Stimpson focused on turning the Chicago Academy of Sciences into one of the largest and most important museums in the country. Tragically, the museum was destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, and Stimpson died of tuberculosis soon after, before he could restore his scientific legacy. This first-ever biography of William Stimpson situates his work in the context of his time. As one of few to collaborate with both Agassiz and Baird, Stimpson's life provides insight into the men who shaped a generation of naturalists—the last before intense specialization caused naturalists to give way to biologists. Historians of science and general readers interested in biographies, science, and history will enjoy this compelling biography.

The Culture Concept

Author : Michael A. Elliott
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 9780816639724
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (397 download)

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Book Synopsis The Culture Concept by : Michael A. Elliott

Download or read book The Culture Concept written by Michael A. Elliott and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Culture" is a term we commonly use to explain the differences in our ways of living. In this book Michael A. Elliott returns to the moment this usage was first articulated, tracing the concept of culture to the writings -- folktales, dialect literature, local color sketches, and ethnographies -- that provided its intellectual underpinnings in turn-of-the-century America. The Culture Concept explains how this now-familiar definition of "culture" emerged during the late nineteenth century through the intersection of two separate endeavors that shared a commitment to recording group-based difference -- American literary realism and scientific ethnography. Elliott looks at early works of cultural studies as diverse as the conjure tales of Charles Chesnutt, the Ghost-Dance ethnography of James Mooney, and the prose narrative of the Omaha anthropologist-turned-author Francis La Flesche. His reading of these works -- which struggle to find appropriate theoretical and textual tools for articulating a less chauvinistic understanding of human difference -- is at once a recovery of a lost connection between American literary realism and ethnography and a productive inquiry into the usefulness of the culture concept as a critical tool in our time and times to come.

Biologists and the Promise of American Life

Author : Philip J. Pauly
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691186332
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Biologists and the Promise of American Life by : Philip J. Pauly

Download or read book Biologists and the Promise of American Life written by Philip J. Pauly and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explorers, evolutionists, eugenicists, sexologists, and high school biology teachers--all have contributed to the prominence of the biological sciences in American life. In this book, Philip Pauly weaves their stories together into a fascinating history of biology in America over the last two hundred years. Beginning with the return of the Lewis and Clark expedition in 1806, botanists and zoologists identified science with national culture, linking their work to continental imperialism and the creation of an industrial republic. Pauly examines this nineteenth-century movement in local scientific communities with national reach: the partnership of Asa Gray and Louis Agassiz at Harvard University, the excitement of work at the Smithsonian Institution and the Geological Survey, and disputes at the Agriculture Department over the continent's future. He then describes the establishment of biology as an academic discipline in the late nineteenth century, and the retreat of life scientists from the problems of American nature. The early twentieth century, however, witnessed a new burst of public-oriented activity among biologists. Here Pauly chronicles such topics as the introduction of biology into high school curricula, the efforts of eugenicists to alter the "breeding" of Americans, and the influence of sexual biology on Americans' most private lives. Throughout much of American history, Pauly argues, life scientists linked their study of nature with a desire to culture--to use intelligence and craft to improve American plants, animals, and humans. They often disagreed and frequently overreached, but they sought to build a nation whose people would be prosperous, humane, secular, and liberal. Life scientists were significant participants in efforts to realize what Progressive Era oracle Herbert Croly called "the promise of American life." Pauly tells their story in its entirety and explains why now, in a society that is rapidly returning to a complex ethnic mix similar to the one that existed for a hundred years prior to the Cold War, it is important to reconnect with the progressive creators of American secular culture.

The Poetics of National and Racial Identity in Nineteenth-Century American Literature

Author : John D. Kerkering
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139440985
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Poetics of National and Racial Identity in Nineteenth-Century American Literature by : John D. Kerkering

Download or read book The Poetics of National and Racial Identity in Nineteenth-Century American Literature written by John D. Kerkering and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-12-11 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John D. Kerkering's study examines the literary history of racial and national identity in nineteenth-century America. Kerkering argues that writers such as DuBois, Lanier, Simms, and Scott used poetic effects to assert the distinctiveness of certain groups in a diffuse social landscape. Kerkering explores poetry's formal properties, its sound effects, as they intersect with the issues of race and nation. He shows how formal effects, ranging from meter and rhythm to alliteration and melody, provide these writers with evidence of a collective identity, whether national or racial. Through this shared reliance on formal literary effects, national and racial identities, Kerkering shows, are related elements of a single literary history. This is the story of how poetic effects helped to define national identities in Anglo-America as a step toward helping to define racial identities within the United States. This highly original study will command a wide audience of Americanists.

Companion to the History of Modern Science

Author : G N Cantor
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134977514
Total Pages : 1095 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (349 download)

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Book Synopsis Companion to the History of Modern Science by : G N Cantor

Download or read book Companion to the History of Modern Science written by G N Cantor and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-09-07 with total page 1095 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: * A descriptive and analytical guide to the development of Western science from AD 1500, and to the diversity and course of that development first in Europe and later across the world * Presented in clear, non-technical language * Extensive indexes of Subjects and Names `Indeed a companion volume whose 67 essays give pleasure and instruction ... an ambitious and successful work.' - Times Literary Supplement `This work is an essential resource for libraries everywhere. For specialist science libraries willing to keep just one encyclopaedic guide to history, for undergraduate libraries seeking to provide easily accessible information, for the devisers of university curricula, for the modern social historian or even the eclectic scientist taking a break from simply making history, this is the book for you.' - Times Higher Education Supplement `A pleasure to read with a carefully chosen typeface, well organized pages and ample margins ... it is very easy to find one's way around. This is a book which will be consulted widely.' - Technovation `This is a commendably easy book to use.' - British Journal of the History of Science `Scholars from other areas entering this field, students taking the vertical approach and teachers coming from any direction cannot fail to find this an invaluable text.' - History of Science Journal

The Evolution of American Ecology, 1890-2000

Author : Sharon E. Kingsland
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801881718
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of American Ecology, 1890-2000 by : Sharon E. Kingsland

Download or read book The Evolution of American Ecology, 1890-2000 written by Sharon E. Kingsland and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1890s, several initiatives in American botany converged. The creation of new institutions, such as the New York Botanical Garden, coincided with radical reforms in taxonomic practice and the emergence of an experimental program of research on evolutionary problems. Sharon Kingsland explores how these changes gave impetus to the new field of ecology that was defined at exactly this time. She argues that the creation of institutions and research laboratories, coupled with new intellectual directions in science, were crucial to the development of ecology as a discipline in the United States. The main concern of ecology - the relationship between organisms and environment - was central to scientific studies aimed at understanding and controlling the evolutionary process. Kingsland considers the evolutionary context in which ecology arose, especially neo-Lamarckian ideas and the new mutation theory, and explores the relationship between scientific research and broader theories about social progress and the evolution of human civilization. By midcentury, American ecologists were leading the rapid development of ecosystem ecology. and society in the postwar context, foreshadowing the environmental critiques of the 1960s. As the ecosystem concept evolved, so too did debates about how human ecology should be incorporated into the biological sciences. Kingsland concludes with an examination of ecology in the modern urban environment, reflecting on how scientists are now being challenged to produce innovative responses to pressing problems. The Evolution of American Ecology, 1890-2000 offers an innovative study not only of the scientific landscape in turn-of-the-century America, but of current questions in ecological science.

Homicidal Insanity, 1800-1985

Author : Janet Colaizzi
Publisher : University of Alabama Press
ISBN 13 : 0817311858
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Homicidal Insanity, 1800-1985 by : Janet Colaizzi

Download or read book Homicidal Insanity, 1800-1985 written by Janet Colaizzi and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 2002-06-20 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How physicians, and later psychiatrists, have diagnosed, explained, and restrained the dangerously insane. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Scriptural Geography

Author : Edwin James Aiken
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857716697
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis Scriptural Geography by : Edwin James Aiken

Download or read book Scriptural Geography written by Edwin James Aiken and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2009-11-30 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For nineteenth century scholars the Holy Land was not just a region of the globe - it was an idea, an intellectual and moral space charged with the heat of debate between those trying to understand the religious, social and scientific upheavals of the time. Edwin Aiken explores the various ways in which geographical knowledge was used in these debates. In particular he shows how religious writers called upon geographical knowledge to the benefit of their readers. The result is an original and stimulating work of scholarship that demonstrates the significance of the geography of the Holy Land in Western thought and argument, and makes important contributions to the history of geography, the nature of Orientalism, and to the evolving relationship between religion and science.

A River Running West

Author : Donald Worster
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780195156355
Total Pages : 692 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (563 download)

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Book Synopsis A River Running West by : Donald Worster

Download or read book A River Running West written by Donald Worster and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2001 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is a magisterial account of John Wesley Powell, the great American explorer and environmental pioneer. It tells the true story of undaunted courage in the American West.

Darwin's Forgotten Defenders

Author : David N. Livingstone
Publisher : Regent College Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781573830935
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Darwin's Forgotten Defenders by : David N. Livingstone

Download or read book Darwin's Forgotten Defenders written by David N. Livingstone and published by Regent College Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first systematic investigation of the response of evangelical intellectuals in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries to Darwin's evolutionary theories. Despite evidence to the contrary, many people continue to believe that warfare between science and religion over the issue of evolution broke out as soon as Darwin published The Origin of the Species in 1859. In fact, as David Livingstone points out, a substantial number of that era's leaders in science and technology had little trouble reconciling their conservative theological views to Darwin's new theories. The author contends that the sort of pitched battle being waged by the "creationist" movement today has its roots not in the evangelical heritage of the nineteenth century but in the fundamentalism that emerged during the early decades of the twentieth century. This study, which sheds new light on previously neglected aspects of the Darwinian controversies, should have appeal for all who are interested in the relationship between science and religion. -- from back cover

Geography and Vision

Author : Denis Cosgrove
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857732005
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis Geography and Vision by : Denis Cosgrove

Download or read book Geography and Vision written by Denis Cosgrove and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-11-25 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading geographer Denis Cosgrove provides a series of personal reflections on the complex connections between seeing, imagining and representing the world geographically. In a series of eloquent essays he draws upon pictorial images - including maps, sketches, cartoons, paintings, and photographs - to explore and elaborate upon the many and varied ways in which the vast and varied earth, and at times the heavens beyond, have been both imagined and represented as a place of human habitation. The essays include reflections upon geographical discovery; urban cartography and utopian visions; ideas of landscape and the shaping of America; wilderness and masculinity; conceptions of the Pacific; and the imaginative grip of the Equator. Extensively illustrated, this engaging work reveals the richness of the geographical imagination as expressed over the past five centuries.

Benton MacKaye

Author : Larry Anderson
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801869020
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (69 download)

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Book Synopsis Benton MacKaye by : Larry Anderson

Download or read book Benton MacKaye written by Larry Anderson and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2002-12-30 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MacKaye's seminal ideas on outdoor recreation, wilderness protection, land-use planning, community development, and transportation have inspired generations of activists, professionals, and adventurers seeking to strike a harmonious balance between human need and the natural environment.".

White Women's Rights

Author : Louise Michele Newman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198028865
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis White Women's Rights by : Louise Michele Newman

Download or read book White Women's Rights written by Louise Michele Newman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999-02-04 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study reinterprets a crucial period (1870s-1920s) in the history of women's rights, focusing attention on a core contradiction at the heart of early feminist theory. At a time when white elites were concerned with imperialist projects and civilizing missions, progressive white women developed an explicit racial ideology to promote their cause, defending patriarchy for "primitives" while calling for its elimination among the "civilized." By exploring how progressive white women at the turn of the century laid the intellectual groundwork for the feminist social movements that followed, Louise Michele Newman speaks directly to contemporary debates about the effect of race on current feminist scholarship. "White Women's Rights is an important book. It is a fascinating and informative account of the numerous and complex ties which bound feminist thought to the practices and ideas which shaped and gave meaning to America as a racialized society. A compelling read, it moves very gracefully between the general history of the feminist movement and the particular histories of individual women."--Hazel Carby, Yale University

Geography and Enlightenment

Author : David N. Livingstone
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226487212
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Geography and Enlightenment by : David N. Livingstone

Download or read book Geography and Enlightenment written by David N. Livingstone and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1999-12-15 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring both the Enlightenment as a geographical phenomenon and the place of geography in the Enlightenment, 14 papers from a July 1996 conference in Edinburgh survey the many ways in which the world of the long 18th century was shaped through map, text, exploration, and argument and within and across spatial and intellectual borders. Copyright © Libri GmbH. All rights reserved.

Bully for Brontosaurus: Reflections in Natural History

Author : Stephen Jay Gould
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393340821
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (933 download)

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Book Synopsis Bully for Brontosaurus: Reflections in Natural History by : Stephen Jay Gould

Download or read book Bully for Brontosaurus: Reflections in Natural History written by Stephen Jay Gould and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2010-11-29 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Provocative and delightfully discursive essays on natural history. . . . Gould is the Stan Musial of essay writing. He can work himself into a corkscrew of ideas and improbable allusions paragraph after paragraph and then, uncoiling, hit it with such power that his fans know they are experiencing the game of essay writing at its best."--John Noble Wilford, New York Times Book Review