Molecular Oncology Testing For Solid Tumors

Download Molecular Oncology Testing For Solid Tumors full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Molecular Oncology Testing For Solid Tumors ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Molecular Oncology Testing for Solid Tumors

Author : Michael Ola Idowu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319163043
Total Pages : 742 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Molecular Oncology Testing for Solid Tumors by : Michael Ola Idowu

Download or read book Molecular Oncology Testing for Solid Tumors written by Michael Ola Idowu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-18 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Familiarity with and understanding molecular testing is becoming imperative for practicing physicians, especially pathologists and oncologists given the current explosion of molecular tests for diagnostic, prognostic and predictive indications. Molecular Oncology Testing for Solid Tumors is designed to present an up to date practical approach to molecular testing in a easy to understand format. Emphasis is placed on quality assurance (pre-analytic, analytic and post-analytic) and test interpretation, including but not limited to: the important role of pathologists in ensuring specimen adequacy for molecular testing; factors to consider in choosing platforms for molecular assays; advantages and limitations inherent to common assays/platforms that pathologists need to communicate effectively with clinicians; the importance of required quality assurance measures to ensure accurate / reproducible results; pitfalls in test interpretation (including different types of artifacts that may lead to False Positive or False Negative interpretations); test reporting using standard nomenclature; review of the current and future potential utility of next-generation sequencing in oncology. All chapters are written by pathologists and clinicians experienced in practical applications of molecular tests for solid tumors. The uniqueness of this textbook is the use of a standardized template for each of the molecular tests being discussed followed by a discussion of relevant quality assurance issues to ensure focused and efficient presentation of information. This will enable readers to easily understand the Order, Report and Evaluate (ORE) process of molecular tests. Lastly, summary tables of all the molecular assays and mutations discussed in the text are provided as an appendix for quick reference. For readers interested in more detailed information, a link to websites where additional information can be obtained is provided.

Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors

Author : Parneet Cheema
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3318070750
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (18 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors by : Parneet Cheema

Download or read book Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors written by Parneet Cheema and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2022-11-14 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identifying tumor-specific molecular aberrations via molecular profiling is vital for the use of targeted therapies. Understanding a patient’s unique tumor genetics provides predictive and prognostic information that enables a personalized care plan to be put in place, improving outcomes and minimizing ineffective treatments. 'Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors' provides a firm knowledge foundation of somatic molecular profiling methodologies, key information to help with the use of molecular profiling in daily practice and advice on communicating with patients about molecular testing and results. Table of Contents: • Molecular profiling: the basics • Rationale for testing • Sample collection • Test selection and process • Interpreting the report • Talking to patients • Challenges and opportunities

Diagnostic Pathology: Molecular Oncology E-Book

Author : Mohammad A. Vasef
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0443112800
Total Pages : 1050 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (431 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Diagnostic Pathology: Molecular Oncology E-Book by : Mohammad A. Vasef

Download or read book Diagnostic Pathology: Molecular Oncology E-Book written by Mohammad A. Vasef and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2023-12-04 with total page 1050 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This expert volume in the Diagnostic Pathology series is an excellent point-of-care resource for practitioners at all levels of experience and training. Providing a clear understanding of molecular pathology as it relates to the transformation and pathogenesis of cancer in an era of personalized medicine, it incorporates the most recent scientific and technical knowledge in the field to provide a comprehensive overview of all key issues relevant to today’s practice. Richly illustrated and easy to use, the third edition of Diagnostic Pathology: Molecular Oncology is a visually stunning, one-stop resource for every practicing pathologist, hematopathologist, molecular pathologist, oncologist, or pathologist in training as an ideal day-to-day reference or as a reliable learning resource. Provides up-to-date, comprehensive coverage of relevant molecular tests and their clinical applications, along with organ-based chapters on the molecular genetic data relevant to individual disease entities Contains new chapters and substantial revisions to existing content that include updates from the 2022 International Consensus Classification and the WHO Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours, fifth edition Provides expert guidance on selecting the right test(s) at the right time, as well as comparisons of molecular testing methods (e.g., FISH vs. cytogenetics) Includes current information for new actionable mutations and targeted therapies Covers ultrasensitive molecular techniques for minimal residual disease detection and disease monitoring Discusses circulating cell-free DNA analysis for detection of resistance-associated mutations and disease monitoring, and provides usage details Features an image-rich layout with more than 2,400 print and online-only images, including high-resolution H&E stains, immunostains, FISH images, gross pathology and clinical photographs, detailed full-color medical illustrations, and informative diagrams, charts, and schematics Employs consistently templated chapters, bulleted content, key facts, a variety of tables, annotated images, pertinent references, and an extensive index for quick, expert reference at the point of care Any additional digital ancillary content may publish up to 6 weeks following the publication date Molecular oncology is a rapidly evolving field with tremendous amounts of information that is new since the 2e published in March 2019. There is new molecular genetic data linked to either new targeted therapies or that serves as diagnostic or prognostic indicators. The 3e will include 8-10 new chapters and substantial updates and rewrites to existing contents to make sure ongoing edits and revisions to the upcoming WHO Classification of Hematopoietic Tumors are included in the 3e. The authors provide guidance on selecting the right test(s) at the right time for the right patient and comparisons of molecular testing methods (i.e., FSH testing vs. cytogenetics) are included. The market lacks a definitive source of all the recent changes, and DP3 Molecular Oncology will provide a comprehensive information source.

Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors

Author : P. Cheema
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3318072125
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (18 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors by : P. Cheema

Download or read book Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors written by P. Cheema and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2022-12-06 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identifying tumor-specific molecular aberrations via molecular profiling is vital for the use of targeted therapies. Understanding a patient’s unique tumor genetics provides predictive and prognostic information that enables a personalized care plan to be put in place, improving outcomes and minimizing ineffective treatments. 'Fast Facts: Molecular Profiling in Solid Tumors' provides a firm knowledge foundation of somatic molecular profiling methodologies, key information to help with the use of molecular profiling in daily practice and advice on communicating with patients about molecular testing and results. Table of Contents: • Molecular profiling: the basics • Rationale for testing • Sample collection • Test selection and process • Interpreting the report • Talking to patients • Challenges and opportunities

Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Patients

Author : Kamla Kant Shukla
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 981135877X
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Patients by : Kamla Kant Shukla

Download or read book Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Patients written by Kamla Kant Shukla and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to bring together a broad variety of examples of the role of pharmacogenomics in current drug development, uncovering dynamic concentration-dependent drug responses on biological systems to understand pharmacodynamics responses in human cancer where genetic lesions serve as tumor markers and provide a basis for cancer diagnosis. The book describes methods and protocols applied in molecular diagnostics. It offers pathologists and researchers providing molecular diagnostic services an array of the most recent and readily accessible reference to compare methods and techniques. Highlights include the molecular diagnosis of genetic aberrations by quantitative polymerase reaction (qPCR), sequence-specific oligonucleotide arrays, next-generation sequencing (NGS), CGH arrays-and methodologies directed at the detection of epigenetic events, high-throughput nucleic acid and protein arrays, direct sequencing and FISH-based methodologies, currently used in the diagnosis of solid tumors. The book also includes an innovative line of treatment in relation to the molecular prognosis, diagnosis and pharmacogenomics in the actual practice of clinical findings at molecular levels. The book covers the applications of numerous genetic testing methodologies; in approximately the chronological order of discovery and high-throughput diagnosis using advanced genomic approaches to identify such genes, in the search for novel drug targets and/or key determinants of drug reactions. It also promotes a wider understanding of molecular diagnostics among physicians, medical students, and scientists in academics, industry and corporate world.

Molecular Pathology in Clinical Practice

Author : Debra G. B. Leonard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780387873664
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (736 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Molecular Pathology in Clinical Practice by : Debra G. B. Leonard

Download or read book Molecular Pathology in Clinical Practice written by Debra G. B. Leonard and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Precision Cancer Medicine

Author : Sameek Roychowdhury
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030236374
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Precision Cancer Medicine by : Sameek Roychowdhury

Download or read book Precision Cancer Medicine written by Sameek Roychowdhury and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomic sequencing technologies have augmented the classification of cancer beyond tissue of origin and towards a molecular taxonomy of cancer. This has created opportunities to guide treatment decisions for individual patients with cancer based on their cancer’s unique molecular characteristics, also known as precision cancer medicine. The purpose of this text will be to describe the contribution and need for multiple disciplines working together to deliver precision cancer medicine. This entails a multi-disciplinary approach across fields including molecular pathology, computational biology, clinical oncology, cancer biology, drug development, genetics, immunology, and bioethics. Thus, we have outlined a current text on each of these fields as they work together to overcome various challenges and create opportunities to deliver precision cancer medicine. As trainees and junior faculty enter their respective fields, this text will provide a framework for understanding the role and responsibility for each specialist to contribute to this team science approach.

Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, An Issue of the Clinics in Laboratory Medicine

Author : Fei Dong, MD
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780323849364
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (493 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, An Issue of the Clinics in Laboratory Medicine by : Fei Dong, MD

Download or read book Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, An Issue of the Clinics in Laboratory Medicine written by Fei Dong, MD and published by . This book was released on 2022-09-28 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this issue of Clinics in Laboratory Medicine, guest editor Dr. Fei Dong brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Molecular Oncology Diagnostics. Top experts in the field review current practices in molecular oncology diagnostics, highlighting the rapid clinical adoption of next generation sequencing techniques. The articles address key laboratory considerations in the molecular testing of cancer specimens and the impact of advanced testing strategies on patient care. Contains 15 practice-oriented topics including utility of single gene testing in cancer specimens; analytical principles of cancer next generation sequencing; principles and validation of bioinformatics pipelines for cancer next generation sequencing; panel sequencing for targeted therapy selection in solid tumors; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on molecular oncology diagnostics, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

Cancer diagnostics in solid tumors - from pathology to precision oncology

Author : Pedro Borralho
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832518370
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Cancer diagnostics in solid tumors - from pathology to precision oncology by : Pedro Borralho

Download or read book Cancer diagnostics in solid tumors - from pathology to precision oncology written by Pedro Borralho and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-05 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Patients

Author : Kamla Kant Shukla
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789811358784
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (587 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Patients by : Kamla Kant Shukla

Download or read book Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Patients written by Kamla Kant Shukla and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to bring together a broad variety of examples of the role of pharmacogenomics in current drug development, uncovering dynamic concentration-dependent drug responses on biological systems to understand pharmacodynamics responses in human cancer where genetic lesions serve as tumor markers and provide a basis for cancer diagnosis. The book describes methods and protocols applied in molecular diagnostics. It offers pathologists and researchers providing molecular diagnostic services an array of the most recent and readily accessible reference to compare methods and techniques. Highlights include the molecular diagnosis of genetic aberrations by quantitative polymerase reaction (qPCR), sequence-specific oligonucleotide arrays, next-generation sequencing (NGS), CGH arrays-and methodologies directed at the detection of epigenetic events, high-throughput nucleic acid and protein arrays, direct sequencing and FISH-based methodologies, currently used in the diagnosis of solid tumors. The book also includes an innovative line of treatment in relation to the molecular prognosis, diagnosis and pharmacogenomics in the actual practice of clinical findings at molecular levels. The book covers the applications of numerous genetic testing methodologies; in approximately the chronological order of discovery and high-throughput diagnosis using advanced genomic approaches to identify such genes, in the search for novel drug targets and/or key determinants of drug reactions. It also promotes a wider understanding of molecular diagnostics among physicians, medical students, and scientists in academics, industry and corporate world.

Molecular Cytopathology

Author : Bin Yang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331930741X
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Molecular Cytopathology by : Bin Yang

Download or read book Molecular Cytopathology written by Bin Yang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the current applications of molecular tools in cytopathology and provides a concise handbook for those who provide care in this era of personalized medicine. Specifically, the text provides a comprehensive and concise review of the emerging molecular tests available clinically in different subspecialities of diagnostic pathology. It reviews the current data of molecular testing already applied in cytopathology, discusses some of the biomarkers with potential utility in cytopathology in the near future and reviews the technical challenges in applying and validating molecular tools in liquid-based cytologic materials. Molecular Cytopathology will serve as a valuable resource for cytopathologists, cytotechnologists, pathology trainees, and clinicians with an interest in molecular applications in cytopathology.

Molecular Testing in Cancer

Author : George M. Yousef
Publisher : Springer Science & Business
ISBN 13 : 1489980504
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Molecular Testing in Cancer by : George M. Yousef

Download or read book Molecular Testing in Cancer written by George M. Yousef and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Testing in Cancer provides a state of the art review of clinically relevant molecular pathology in cancer. The book provides a brief, easy to read review of commonly employed diagnostic molecular techniques including recently developed "next generation" analytic tools, and offers a system-based run-through of the utility of molecular testing in individual cancer types, as well as reviewing current markers in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and management. The volume also provides a prospective for the future which includes recently characterized and emerging biomarkers. Written by experts in the field, Molecular Testing in Cancer serves as a useful and comprehensive resource for pathologists, hematologists, laboratory technicians and molecular scientists.

Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer

Author : Joseph E. Roulston
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1592597602
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (925 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer by : Joseph E. Roulston

Download or read book Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer written by Joseph E. Roulston and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are currently experiencing a fundamental shift in the way in which we approach the characterization of cancer. Never before has the make up of cancer tissues and individual cells been so exhaustively researched and char- terized. We are now capable of producing molecular “fingerprints” that ch- acterize the expression of all known and unknown genes within tumors and their surrounding tissues. More than 30,000 different genes may be measured in each patient’s tumor in a single experiment. Simultaneously, novel therapies that exploit the molecular roadmap have been developed and are now being offered to patients. These novel agents, such as Glivec, Herceptin, Iressa, and others, specifically target individual genes within tumors and can produce d- matic responses in some patients. These drugs are only the forerunners of a coming tidal wave of novel therapeutics that individually target specific m- ecules within cancer cells—more than 300 such agents are currently in phase I or II clinical trials. This is an exciting time for cancer specialists and patients alike. However, if we have learned anything from the past 50 or more years of research into cancer, it is that Lord Beaverbrook, in founding the British national health service in the 1950s, was frighteningly prescient when he defined the primary goal of health care to be “Diagnosis, Diagnosis, Diag- sis. ” Now, more than ever, it is essential that appropriate diagnostic methods and approaches are applied to the selection of patients for treatment.

Practical Oncologic Molecular Pathology

Author : Yi Ding
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030732274
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Practical Oncologic Molecular Pathology by : Yi Ding

Download or read book Practical Oncologic Molecular Pathology written by Yi Ding and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-10 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a review and high-yield reference on the clinical molecular diagnostics of malignant neoplasms. It aims to address the practical questions frequently encountered in the molecular oncology practice, as well as key points and pitfalls in the clinical interpretation of molecular tests in guiding precision cancer management. The text uses a Q&A format and case presentations, with emphasis on understanding the molecular test methods, diagnosis, classification, risk assessment and clinical correlation. Starting with an update on the molecular biology of cancer, the book focuses on the topics related to molecular diagnostics and genetics-based precision oncology. Separate chapters are dedicated to discussion of the bioinformatics for the analysis of genetic/genomic data generated from molecular assays, and quality control (QC)/quality assurance (QA) programs in the clinical laboratories; both are critical in producing high quality results for clinical care of cancer patients. These are followed by organ system-based reviews and discussions on the molecular genetic abnormalities and related tests covering diverse types of common to rare malignant neoplasms. This book also provides up-to-date knowledge related to malignant neoplasms, discusses the established as well as evolving requirements for pathologic diagnosis of these malignancies. It also discusses the cost effective utilization of molecular tests in clinical oncology. Written by experts in the field, Practical Oncologic Molecular Pathology serves as a valuable reference for practicing pathologists, fellows, residents and other health care professionals.

Childhood Cancer and Functional Impacts Across the Care Continuum

Author : National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309683494
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (834 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Childhood Cancer and Functional Impacts Across the Care Continuum by : National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine

Download or read book Childhood Cancer and Functional Impacts Across the Care Continuum written by National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the late 1960s, the survival rate in children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer has steadily improved, with a corresponding decline in the cancer-specific death rate. Although the improvements in survival are encouraging, they have come at the cost of acute, chronic, and late adverse effects precipitated by the toxicities associated with the individual or combined use of different types of treatment (e.g., surgery, radiation, chemotherapy). In some cases, the impairments resulting from cancer and its treatment are severe enough to qualify a child for U.S. Social Security Administration disability benefits. At the request of Social Security Administration, Childhood Cancer and Functional Impacts Across the Care Continuum provides current information and findings and conclusions regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of selected childhood cancers, including different types of malignant solid tumors, and the effect of those cancers on childrenâ (TM)s health and functional capacity, including the relative levels of functional limitation typically associated with the cancers and their treatment. This report also provides a summary of selected treatments currently being studied in clinical trials and identifies any limitations on the availability of these treatments, such as whether treatments are available only in certain geographic areas.

Liquid Biopsies in Solid Tumors

Author : Massimo Cristofanilli
Publisher : Humana Press
ISBN 13 : 331950956X
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Liquid Biopsies in Solid Tumors by : Massimo Cristofanilli

Download or read book Liquid Biopsies in Solid Tumors written by Massimo Cristofanilli and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2017-03-25 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, with chapters written by experts in the field of cancerous tumors, details the key factors associated with liquid biopsies in solid tumors: blood-based diagnostics; circulating tumor cells; enumeration and molecular analysis (association with breast cancer); epithelialmesenchymal transition; detection and monitoring; circulating-free tumor DNA; CTCs and ctDNA; and the exosome. The field of blood-based diagnostics is rapidly evolving demonstrating the possibility of real-time molecular analysis of cancer cells and their phenotype and genotype. Circulating Tumor Cell (CTCs) have demonstrated prognostic and predictive value in advanced cancer and represents a source of tumor cells for transcriptome and genomic analysis. Most recently, the detection of genomic abnormalities in the peripheral blood by sensitive and selective PCR methods (liquid biopsy) opened to the option of a comprehensive blood-based tumor analysis. Similar information can be obtained by analysis of exosome, a natural packaging and messaging system being explored in advanced malignancies. The final frontier is the evaluation of immune cells determinant of innate and adaptive immunity.

Molecular Diagnostics

Author : Jan Trost Jorgensen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429533691
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Molecular Diagnostics by : Jan Trost Jorgensen

Download or read book Molecular Diagnostics written by Jan Trost Jorgensen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-08 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides a thorough overview of developing molecular cancer diagnostic assays, which are the prerequisites for optimal solutions within personalized cancer medicine. The book takes the reader through definitions of the pharmacodiagnostic concept, historical perspectives of the early steps into molecular cancer diagnostics linked to therapy, the basis of different diagnostic molecular techniques, ongoing research, drug-diagnostic co-development, assay validation, clinical trial methodology, regulatory issues around pharmacodiagnostics and future aspects within personalized cancer medicine.