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Molecular Mobility In Deforming Polymer Glasses
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Book Synopsis Molecular Mobility in Deforming Polymer Glasses by : Nikhil Padhye
Download or read book Molecular Mobility in Deforming Polymer Glasses written by Nikhil Padhye and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book bridges disparate fields in an exploration of the phenomena and applications surrounding molecular mobility in glassy materials experiencing inelastic deformation. The subjects of plastic deformation and polymer motion/interdiffusion currently belong to the two different fields of continuum mechanics and polymer physics, respectively. However, molecular motion associated with plastic deformation is a key ingredient to gain fundamental understanding, both at the macroscopic and microscopic level. This short monograph provides necessary background in the aforementioned fields before addressing the topic of molecular mobility accompanied by macroscopic inelastic deformation in an accessible and easy-to-understand manner. A new phenomenon of solid-state deformation-induced bonding in polymers is discussed in detail, along with some broad implications in several manufacturing sectors. Open questions pertaining to mechanisms, mechanics, and modeling of deformation-induced bonding in polymers are presented. The book’s clear language and careful explanations will speak to readers of diverse backgrounds.
Download or read book Polymer Glasses written by Connie B. Roth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "the present book will be of great value for both newcomers to the field and mature active researchers by serving as a coherent and timely introduction to some of the modern approaches, ideas, results, emerging understanding, and many open questions in this fascinating field of polymer glasses, supercooled liquids, and thin films" –Kenneth S. Schweizer, Morris Professor of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (from the Foreword) This book provides a timely and comprehensive overview of molecular level insights into polymer glasses in confined geometries and under deformation. Polymer glasses have become ubiquitous to our daily life, from the polycarbonate eyeglass lenses on the end of our nose to large acrylic glass panes holding water in aquarium tanks, with advantages over glass in that they are lightweight and easy to manufacture, while remaining transparent and rigid. The contents include an introduction to the field, as well as state of the art investigations. Chapters delve into studies of commonalities across different types of glass formers (polymers, small molecules, colloids, and granular materials), which have enabled microscopic and molecular level frameworks to be developed. The authors show how glass formers are modeled across different systems, thereby leading to treatments for polymer glasses with first-principle based approaches and molecular level detail. Readers across disciplines will benefit from this topical overview summarizing the key areas of polymer glasses, alongside an introduction to the main principles and approaches.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Segmental Dynamics in Polymer Glasses During Constant Strain Rate Deformation by :
Download or read book Investigation of Segmental Dynamics in Polymer Glasses During Constant Strain Rate Deformation written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have used optical measurements of dye reorientation to investigate the molecular dynamics of polymer glasses during deformation. In our work we have developed new instrumentation to perform constant strain rate deformations of polymer glasses while simultaneously measuring segmental mobility. By expanding our deformation protocols from creep and recovery to constant strain rate we have found that our molecular mobility measurement is more closely relevant to the theories, models, and simulations that the polymer glass deformation community is developing. We found that mobility was enhanced during deformation up to the yield point by a factor of 40 to 160 compared to the undeformed glass. In the postyield regime, this enhancement of mobility remained constant during the deformation. Finally, we found that high strain rates lead to higher postyield mobility, and that the mobility was correlated with the local strain rate as we have found previously with creep deformation experiments. The experimental features of the mobility enhancement, and its correlation with strain rate, are compared to computer simulations and theoretical models. This work significantly increases our understanding of molecular mobility during different types of deformations and shows the generalities of the measurement across many different systems. We have now found that the correlation of mobility and local strain rate is extremely robust across temperatures, types of deformations (postyield), and polymer glasses. We have also determined that a decrease in dynamic heterogeneity is a result of the deformation being applied to the polymer glass. By finding these generalities across different polymer glasses under different deformations, we can help provide the tools to create more accurate predictive models and simulations of polymer glass deformation.
Download or read book Polymer Glasses written by Connie B. Roth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "the present book will be of great value for both newcomers to the field and mature active researchers by serving as a coherent and timely introduction to some of the modern approaches, ideas, results, emerging understanding, and many open questions in this fascinating field of polymer glasses, supercooled liquids, and thin films" –Kenneth S. Schweizer, Morris Professor of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (from the Foreword) This book provides a timely and comprehensive overview of molecular level insights into polymer glasses in confined geometries and under deformation. Polymer glasses have become ubiquitous to our daily life, from the polycarbonate eyeglass lenses on the end of our nose to large acrylic glass panes holding water in aquarium tanks, with advantages over glass in that they are lightweight and easy to manufacture, while remaining transparent and rigid. The contents include an introduction to the field, as well as state of the art investigations. Chapters delve into studies of commonalities across different types of glass formers (polymers, small molecules, colloids, and granular materials), which have enabled microscopic and molecular level frameworks to be developed. The authors show how glass formers are modeled across different systems, thereby leading to treatments for polymer glasses with first-principle based approaches and molecular level detail. Readers across disciplines will benefit from this topical overview summarizing the key areas of polymer glasses, alongside an introduction to the main principles and approaches.
Author :Hans-Henning Kausch Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9783540261629 Total Pages :288 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (616 download)
Book Synopsis Intrinsic Molecular Mobility and Toughness of Polymers II by : Hans-Henning Kausch
Download or read book Intrinsic Molecular Mobility and Toughness of Polymers II written by Hans-Henning Kausch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-11-18 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spectroscopic Techniques for Polymer Characterization by : Yukihiro Ozaki
Download or read book Spectroscopic Techniques for Polymer Characterization written by Yukihiro Ozaki and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-03-14 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An insightful exploration of cutting-edge spectroscopic techniques in polymer characterization In Spectroscopic Techniques for Polymer Characterization: Methods, Instrumentation, Applications, a team of distinguished chemists delivers a comprehensive exploration of the vast potential of spectroscopic characterization techniques in polymer research. The book offers a concise outline of the principles, advantages, instrumentation, experimental techniques, and noteworthy applications of cutting-edge spectroscopy. Covering a wide range of polymers, from nylon to complex polymeric nanocomposites, the author presents recent developments in polymer science to polymer, analytical, and material chemists, assisting them in keeping track of the progress in modern spectroscopy. Spectroscopic Techniques for Polymer Characterization contains contributions from pioneers in modern spectroscopic techniques from around the world. The included materials bridge the gap between spectroscopists, polymer scientists, and engineers in academia and industry. The book also offers: A thorough introduction to the progress in spectroscopic techniques, including polymer spectroscopy and near-infrared spectroscopy Comprehensive explorations of topical polymers studied by spectroscopy, including polymer thin films, fluoropolymers, polymer solutions, conductive polymers Practical discussions of infrared imaging, near-infrared imaging, two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy, and far-ultraviolet spectroscopy In-depth examinations of spectroscopic studies of weak hydrogen bonding in polymers Spectroscopic Techniques for Polymer Characterization: Methods, Instrumentation, Applications is a must-read reference for polymer, analytical, and physical chemists, as well as materials scientists and spectroscopists seeking a one-stop resource for polymer characterization using spectroscopic analyses.
Book Synopsis Acrylates: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition by :
Download or read book Acrylates: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acrylates: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Acrylates. The editors have built Acrylates: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Acrylates in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Acrylates: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Book Synopsis Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers by : L. Volynskii
Download or read book Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers written by L. Volynskii and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers explores the role of various surface phenomena in the structural and mechanical behaviour of amorphous and semicrystalline polymers. This book: Discusses the development of the interfacial surface in the deformation of polymers Examines the healing of interfacial surfaces in polymers Inspects the structure and properties of polymers in thin films and surface layers Evaluates the mechanism of inelastic deformation in glassy amorphous polymers Investigates strain softening and the phenomena taking place upon deformation of polymers in active liquid media Covers the Rehbinder effect, or the adsorption reduction of the strength of solids Describes the properties of polymers in environmental or solvent crazing Analyses the interaction of the highly developed surface of crazed polymers with diverse low- and high-molecular mass components Addresses the instability and self-organisation of surface layers in polymers and diverse polymer systems Presents theoretical speculations concerning the structurally mechanical behaviour of ‘a rigid coating on a soft substratum’ (RCSS) systems Assesses the stress–strain properties of the thin surface layers of polymers and the nanometric coatings deposited on their surfaces Highlights the efficacy of the approaches developed for RCSS systems for the analysis and description of natural phenomena Details the applied aspects of surface phenomena in the structurally mechanical behaviour of polymers Thus, Surface Phenomena in the Structural and Mechanical Behaviour of Solid Polymers provides a useful framework for the development of new and innovative polymer-based materials.
Book Synopsis Molecular Mechanics of Glassy and Semicrystalline Polymers by : Masoud Razavi
Download or read book Molecular Mechanics of Glassy and Semicrystalline Polymers written by Masoud Razavi and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers are a unique class of modern materials. Despite their light mass density, their mechanical properties are strong enough for a variety of applications either through crystallization or vitrification to achieve sufficient rigidity. However, high Young's modulus is not the only necessary characteristic. Desirably, polymeric materials should be ductile, for example, tolerating considerable bending. In this regard polymers (at room temperature) can be classified as brittle or ductile polymers. A ductile or brittle polymer structurally, can be either amorphous or semicrystalline. Moreover, a polymeric material (either glassy or semicrystalline) could remain ductile at temperatures much lower than its glass transition temperature (Tg). Ductile polymers include semicrystalline polymers such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) with low Tg, and polyamide with high Tg, as well as some amorphous glassy polymers such as bisphenol A polycarbonate (bpA-PC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Examples of the brittle polymers under ambient conditions, are semicrystalline polymers with high Tg such as semicrystalline PET or Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), or glassy amorphous polymers such as polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). For decades mechanical behavior of polymers is an important research topic in polymer science and despite the tremendous researches in this filed, there is no comprehensive molecular picture that can universally describe the mechanical behavior of polymeric materials at the molecular level. Consequently, previous studies are not able to propose a method to efficiently improve the mechanical properties of polymers without additives, e.g. turning a brittle polymer to a ductile one.This dissertation consists of two parts: PART A is about the molecular mechanics of glassy amorphous polymers, and PART B focuses on the molecular mechanics of semicrystalline polymers. In each part, we carried out three independent projects to address several important questions in the mechanics of polymer glasses and semicrystalline polymers. Influenced by our recent phenomenological molecular model, this work comprehensively emphasizes on the important role of the chain networking, arising from intra-chain connectivity and chain uncrossability, on affording ductility into the polymeric materials.Chapter I is a general introduction into the PART A. In Chapter II we study several different polymer glasses in tensile, creep and stress relaxation mechanical experiments in order to understand the crazing behavior of polymer glasses. Based on our inclusive experiments and counterintuitive results, an alternative molecular mechanism and model is proposed to explain craze initiation in polymer glasses. This chapter also includes a refrainment to our recent phenomenological molecular model. Chapter III studies the two-phase rubber-toughened polymer glasses. It is indicated that the commercial rubber-toughened polymer glasses do not undergo molecular level yielding characterized by the increased segmental mobility, thus we title the strain softening point of these materials as apparent yield point. Methods to switch the mechanism of yielding from apparent to the real one is also proposed. A novel rubber-toughening mechanism that is operative in the recently synthesized nano-rubber-toughened PMMA by Dow chemicals, is suggested. In Chapter IV, real-time birefringence measurements during different mechanical experiments of PMMA and PS is performed in order to achieve molecular level insights into the deformation of polymer glasses. For the first time, birefringence changes at the post-yield deformation of PS and PMMA are measured. Attempts are made to explain the molecular reasons of the birefringence changes and its correlation/decorrelation with stress, during different mechanical experiments including uniaxial tensile, creep and stress relaxation experiments.By an analogy with PART A, PART B of dissertation, starts with a general introduction into the molecular mechanics of semicrystalline polymers in Chapter V. In Chapter VI, our general framework and universal molecular picture of the deformation of semicrystalline polymers are introduced. Chapter VII investigates the molecular mechanics of semicrystalline PLA which is an ideal model semicrystalline polymer, through a comparative study with the mechanics of its amorphous state. Reasons behind mechanical weakness of this polymer and in general any other semicrystalline polymer below Tg, and lower drawability above Tg, are explained in light of the results from time-resolved polarized optical microscope (POM) observations during large deformation of semicrystalline PLA. After identifying the origins of the brittle response of semicrystalline polymers, a universal strategy is proposed in Chapter VIII to turn brittle semicrystalline polymers to ductile. Finally, Chapter IX summarizes the overall body of the dissertation and offers main conclusions.
Book Synopsis Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference by :
Download or read book Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-05 with total page 7752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progress in polymer science is revealed in the chapters of Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference, Ten Volume Set. In Volume 1, this is reflected in the improved understanding of the properties of polymers in solution, in bulk and in confined situations such as in thin films. Volume 2 addresses new characterization techniques, such as high resolution optical microscopy, scanning probe microscopy and other procedures for surface and interface characterization. Volume 3 presents the great progress achieved in precise synthetic polymerization techniques for vinyl monomers to control macromolecular architecture: the development of metallocene and post-metallocene catalysis for olefin polymerization, new ionic polymerization procedures, and atom transfer radical polymerization, nitroxide mediated polymerization, and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer systems as the most often used controlled/living radical polymerization methods. Volume 4 is devoted to kinetics, mechanisms and applications of ring opening polymerization of heterocyclic monomers and cycloolefins (ROMP), as well as to various less common polymerization techniques. Polycondensation and non-chain polymerizations, including dendrimer synthesis and various "click" procedures, are covered in Volume 5. Volume 6 focuses on several aspects of controlled macromolecular architectures and soft nano-objects including hybrids and bioconjugates. Many of the achievements would have not been possible without new characterization techniques like AFM that allowed direct imaging of single molecules and nano-objects with a precision available only recently. An entirely new aspect in polymer science is based on the combination of bottom-up methods such as polymer synthesis and molecularly programmed self-assembly with top-down structuring such as lithography and surface templating, as presented in Volume 7. It encompasses polymer and nanoparticle assembly in bulk and under confined conditions or influenced by an external field, including thin films, inorganic-organic hybrids, or nanofibers. Volume 8 expands these concepts focusing on applications in advanced technologies, e.g. in electronic industry and centers on combination with top down approach and functional properties like conductivity. Another type of functionality that is of rapidly increasing importance in polymer science is introduced in volume 9. It deals with various aspects of polymers in biology and medicine, including the response of living cells and tissue to the contact with biofunctional particles and surfaces. The last volume is devoted to the scope and potential provided by environmentally benign and green polymers, as well as energy-related polymers. They discuss new technologies needed for a sustainable economy in our world of limited resources. Provides broad and in-depth coverage of all aspects of polymer science from synthesis/polymerization, properties, and characterization methods and techniques to nanostructures, sustainability and energy, and biomedical uses of polymers Provides a definitive source for those entering or researching in this area by integrating the multidisciplinary aspects of the science into one unique, up-to-date reference work Electronic version has complete cross-referencing and multi-media components Volume editors are world experts in their field (including a Nobel Prize winner)
Download or read book Water in Foods written by Fito and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water in Foods: Fundamental Aspects and their Significance in Relation to Processing of Foods contains the proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on the Properties of Water in Foods (ISOPOW-V), held in Peniscola, Valencia, Spain, on November 8-14,1992. Organized into 31 chapters, each chapter representing the papers presented in the meeting, this book begins with a review of the theoretical aspects of hydration. Some chapters follow discussing the basic physical chemistry and links between hydration and solute interactions; computer modeling studies of the interaction of water with carbohydrates; and theories of liquid-glass transition. This book also describes the NMR imaging in the study of diffusion of water in foods, mechanical properties of frozen model solutions, and the role of water in biomembrane structures. Other chapters relate water to the methods of food preservation.
Book Synopsis Relaxation in Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Polymers by : Maxim Arzhakov
Download or read book Relaxation in Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Polymers written by Maxim Arzhakov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the nature of relaxation phenomena in polymers on the basis of time-temperature equivalence. Its role in the physical and mechanical behavior of polymers materials and fundamentals of thermoplastics processing are discussed. Four appendixes detail thermo-mechanical methods to study relaxation in polymers, structure of both amorphous and semi-crystalline polymers, and unified approach to describe deformation of polymeric materials.
Book Synopsis Relaxation in Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Polymers by : Maxim Arzhakov
Download or read book Relaxation in Physical and Mechanical Behavior of Polymers written by Maxim Arzhakov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-30 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the nature of relaxation phenomena in polymers on the basis of time-temperature equivalence. Its role in the physical and mechanical behavior of polymers materials and fundamentals of thermoplastics processing are discussed. Four appendixes detail thermo-mechanical methods to study relaxation in polymers, structure of both amorphous and semi-crystalline polymers, and unified approach to describe deformation of polymeric materials.
Book Synopsis Polymer Yearbook 15 by : Richard A. Pethrick
Download or read book Polymer Yearbook 15 written by Richard A. Pethrick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-11-26 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains reviews on state-of-the-art Japanese research presented in the annual Spring and Autumn meetings of the Japanese Polymer Science Society. The aim of this section is to make information on the progress of Japanese Polymer Science, and on topics of current interest to polymer scientists in Japan, more easily available worldwide.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Granular Materials by : Scott V. Franklin
Download or read book Handbook of Granular Materials written by Scott V. Franklin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Granular systems arise in a variety of geological and industrial settings, from landslides, avalanches, and erosion to agricultural grains and pharmaceutical powders. Understanding the underlying physics that governs their behavior is the key to developing effective handling and transport mechanisms as well as appropriate environmental policies.Han
Book Synopsis Problems of Nonlinear Mechanics and Physics of Materials by : Igor V. Andrianov
Download or read book Problems of Nonlinear Mechanics and Physics of Materials written by Igor V. Andrianov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-31 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents contributions on the current problems in a number of topical areas of nonlinear dynamics and physics, written by experts from Russia, Ukraine, Israel, Germany, Poland, Italy, the Netherlands, the USA, and France. The book is dedicated to Professor Leonid I. Manevitch, an outstanding scholar in the fields of Mechanics of Solids, Nonlinear Dynamics, and Polymer Physics, on the occasion of his 80th birthday.
Download or read book Science written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 966 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
