Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Molecular Composition And Chemical Transformation Of Secondary Organic Aerosols From Biogenic Precursors
Download Molecular Composition And Chemical Transformation Of Secondary Organic Aerosols From Biogenic Precursors full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Molecular Composition And Chemical Transformation Of Secondary Organic Aerosols From Biogenic Precursors ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Molecular Composition and Chemical Transformation of Secondary Organic Aerosols from Biogenic Precursors by : Tran Bao Nguyen
Download or read book Molecular Composition and Chemical Transformation of Secondary Organic Aerosols from Biogenic Precursors written by Tran Bao Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are large gaps surrounding our understanding of secondary organic aerosols (SOA), which represent a significant fraction of fine particulate matter globally. One of the most difficult aspects of SOA to characterize is the molecular composition, because it is both complex and dynamic. However, the composition of SOA determines to a large extent the impact SOA has on climate, atmospheric chemistry, and human health. The main focus of this dissertation is the detailed composition analysis of SOA generated from important biogenic precursors and the characterization of chemistry induced by their simulated interaction with clouds, anthropogenic pollutants, and solar radiation. In particular, the gas- and aerosol-phase compounds associated with SOA from isoprene, the most abundant volatile organic compound emitted from the biosphere, are studied with the advanced technique of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR MS). Many SOA compounds, particularly nitrogen-containing organics, are reported for the first time. Spectroscopy tools like UV-Vis, FT-IR and NMR are also used to characterize optical properties and molecular structures of SOA compounds. A secondary focus of this dissertation is to describe brown carbon formation from the ammonium- and amino acid-mediated aging of limonene SOA. Brown carbon changes the optical properties of SOA, but the sources are poorly understood. The experiments presented in this dissertation aim to elucidate the previously unknown precursors, kinetics and products of the reaction. The molecular detail gained from the HR-MS and spectroscopic analyses provides tremendous insight into the formation mechanism and further atmospheric reactions of SOA.
Book Synopsis Composition and Photochemistry of Anthropogenic and Biogenic Organic Aerosols by : Sandra Louise Blair
Download or read book Composition and Photochemistry of Anthropogenic and Biogenic Organic Aerosols written by Sandra Louise Blair and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosols can substantially impact human health, atmospheric chemistry, and climate. The composition and photochemistry of a variety of anthropogenic and biogenic primary and secondary organic aerosols (POA and SOA) have yet to be fully characterized. The composition of organic aerosols is extremely complex - they contain a variety of highly oxidized, multifunctional, low vapor pressure organic compounds. The primary focus of this thesis is on the molecular characterization of organic aerosols that are not well understood or have not been studied before, such as primary emissions from electronic cigarettes, iron (III) mediated SOA, and photooxidized biodiesel and diesel fuel SOA. Another focus of this dissertation is the effect of direct photochemical aging on the composition of organic aerosol. Direct photolysis experiments were first applied to a system that is known to have a photolabile composition, alpha-pinene ozonolysis SOA, such that characterization of a photochemical effect would be possible to quantify. Photolysis of more complex SOA that have not been studied before, photooxidized biodiesel and diesel fuel SOA, were also investigated in this thesis. Advanced high resolution mass spectrometry techniques were used in the molecular characterization of organic aerosols, including nano-Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (nano-DESI) and Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FTICR). An additional suite of online instrumentation was used to measure gas-phase composition, particle-phase composition, particle size and concentration, and absorption properties: Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS), Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (ToF-AMS), Scanning Mobility Particle Sizing (SMPS), and UV-vis spectroscopy. The molecular analysis of these aerosols provides valuable insight to the formation and photochemical behavior of unexpected, polymeric, light absorbing, and unique organosulfur species.
Book Synopsis Molecular Composition, Volatility, and Formation Mechanisms of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol by : Emma Louise D'Ambro
Download or read book Molecular Composition, Volatility, and Formation Mechanisms of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol written by Emma Louise D'Ambro and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aerosols in Atmospheric Chemistry by : Yue Zhang
Download or read book Aerosols in Atmospheric Chemistry written by Yue Zhang and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2022-04-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The uncertainties in the aerosol effects on radiative forcing limit our knowledge of climate change, presenting us with an important research challenge. Aerosols in Atmospheric Chemistry introduces basic concepts about the characterization, formation, and impacts of ambient aerosol particles as an introduction to graduate students new to the field. Each chapter also provides an up-to-date synopsis of the latest knowledge of aerosol particles in atmospheric chemistry.
Book Synopsis Chemistry of Secondary Organic Aerosol by : Lindsay Diana Yee
Download or read book Chemistry of Secondary Organic Aerosol written by Lindsay Diana Yee and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The photooxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere can lead to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a major component of fine particulate matter. Improvements to air quality require insight into the many reactive intermediates that lead to SOA formation, of which only a small fraction have been measured at the molecular level. This thesis describes the chemistry of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from several atmospherically relevant hydrocarbon precursors. Photooxidation experiments of methoxyphenol and phenolic compounds and C12 alkanes were conducted in the Caltech Environmental Chamber. These experiments include the first photooxidation studies of these precursors run under sufficiently low NOx levels, such that RO2 + HO2 chemistry dominates, an important chemical regime in the atmosphere. Using online Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometery (CIMS), key gas-phase intermediates that lead to SOA formation in these systems were identified. With complementary particle-phase analyses, chemical mechanisms elucidating the SOA formation from these compounds are proposed. Three methoxyphenol species (phenol, guaiacol, and syringol) were studied to model potential photooxidation schemes of biomass burning intermediates. SOA yields (ratio of mass of SOA formed to mass of primary organic reacted) exceeding 25% are observed. Aerosol growth is rapid and linear with the organic conversion, consistent with the formation of essentially non-volatile products. Gas and aerosol-phase oxidation products from the guaiacol system show that the chemical mechanism consists of highly oxidized aromatic species in the particle phase. Syringol SOA yields are lower than that of phenol and guaiacol, likely due to unique chemistry dependent on methoxy group position. The photooxidation of several C12 alkanes of varying structure n-dodecane, 2-methylundecane, cyclododecane, and hexylcyclohexane) were run under extended OH exposure to investigate the effect of molecular structure on SOA yields and photochemical aging. Peroxyhemiacetal formation from the reactions of several multifunctional hydroperoxides and aldehyde intermediates was found to be central to organic growth in all systems, and SOA yields increased with cyclic character of the starting hydrocarbon. All of these studies provide direction for future experiments and modeling in order to lessen outstanding discrepancies between predicted and measured SOA.
Book Synopsis Chemical Characterization of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from the Oxidation of Plant and Leaf Litter Emissions by : Celia L. Faiola
Download or read book Chemical Characterization of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from the Oxidation of Plant and Leaf Litter Emissions written by Celia L. Faiola and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric aerosol impact climate by scattering and absorbing radiation and contributing to cloud formation processes. One of the largest uncertainties in climate change predictions is due to limitations in our understanding of the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). This dissertation investigated SOA formation from the oxidation of plant and leaf litter emissions in a laboratory chamber. To accurately measure the biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions, a dynamic dilution system was developed and is described in the first study. This system was used to calibrate the GC-MS-FID and improve quantitation with a maximum instrumental error of +/-10%. In the second study, two separate sets of soil and leaf litter samples were transported from the University of Idaho experimental forest and brought back to the lab. The BVOC emissions from these samples were pumped to an aerosol growth chamber where they were oxidized to generate SOA. The resulting SOA composition was similar to SOA formed from the oxidation of other biogenic SOA precursors. Soil/leaf litter BVOC missions were compared to a canopy emission model and contributed from 12-136% of canopy emissions during spring and fall. Results suggest this could be a significiant emission source during those times of the year. In the third and fourth study, coniferous plants were treated with a plant hormone, methyl jasmonate, to simulate herbivory stress. The third study focused on the plant responses to the stress treatment by investigating changes to the BVOC emission profile. There was a high degree of inter- and intra-plant species variability. Some of the compounds most affected by the stress treatment were alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, limonene, 1,8-cineol, beta-myrcene, terpinolene, and the aromatic cymene isomers. The fourth study investigated changes to SOA composition due to changes in the BVOC emission profiles. Most pre-treatment SOA was very similar in composition with Pearson correlation coefficients between the AMS spectra greater than 0.88. The SOA generated after MeJA treatment produced aerosol mass spectra with similar m/z enhancements. This could indicate an herbivory stress mass spectral fingerprint that could be used to identify plant stress at an ecosystem scale.
Book Synopsis A Molecular Characterization of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol by High-resolution Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry by : Felipe Daniel Lopez-Hilfiker
Download or read book A Molecular Characterization of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol by High-resolution Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry written by Felipe Daniel Lopez-Hilfiker and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The guiding question to this research is: To what extent and by what mechanisms do biogenic volatile organic compounds contribute to atmospheric aerosol mass? To address this question we need to understand the chemistry that produces condensable vapors which when in the presence of particles may partition onto the aerosol surface depending on their chemical and physical properties. I developed an insitu gas and aerosol sampling system, the FIGAERO (Filter Inlet for Gases and AEROsol) to speciate gas and particle phase organics derived from photochemical reactions with biogenic volatile organic compounds under both field and laboratory conditions. By coupling the FIGAERO to a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (HR-TOF-CIMS) I am able to elucidate chemical pathways by identifying elemental compositions and in some cases functional groups present in the detected molecular ions. The coupling of the FIGAERO to the HR-TOF-CIMS also allows the estimation of effective vapor pressures of the aerosol components and this information can be used to improve vapor pressure models and test associated partitioning theories and parameterizations. The approach also provides hundreds of speciated chemical tracers that can be correlated with traditional environmental and chemical measurements (e.g AMS, NOx, SO2, SMPS, VOC) to help derive sources and sinks and to constrain the mechanisms responsible for the formation and growth of organic aerosol. Measurements obtained across a wide range of conditions and locations allowing connections and contrasts between different chemical systems, providing insights into generally controlling factors of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and its properties.
Book Synopsis Multiphase Environmental Chemistry in the Atmosphere by : Sherri W. Hunt
Download or read book Multiphase Environmental Chemistry in the Atmosphere written by Sherri W. Hunt and published by ACS Symposium. This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights new cross-disciplinary advances in aerosol chemistry that involve more than one phase, for example, unique chemical processes occurring on gas-solid and liquid-solid interfaces.
Book Synopsis Enabling the Identification, Quantification, and Characterization of Organics in Complex Mixtures to Understand Atmospheric Aerosols by : Gabriel Avram Isaacman
Download or read book Enabling the Identification, Quantification, and Characterization of Organics in Complex Mixtures to Understand Atmospheric Aerosols written by Gabriel Avram Isaacman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Particles in the atmosphere are known to have negative health effects and important but highly uncertain impacts on global and regional climate. A majority of this particulate matter is formed through atmospheric oxidation of naturally and anthropogenically emitted gases to yield highly oxygenated secondary organic aerosol (SOA), an amalgamation of thousands of individual chemical compounds. However, comprehensive analysis of SOA composition has been stymied by its complexity and lack of available measurement techniques. In this work, novel instrumentation, analysis methods, and conceptual frameworks are introduced for chemically characterizing atmospherically relevant mixtures and ambient aerosols, providing a fundamentally new level of detailed knowledge on their structures, chemical properties, and identification of their components. This chemical information is used to gain insights into the formation, transformation and oxidation of organic aerosols. Biogenic and anthropogenic mixtures are observed in this work to yield incredible complexity upon oxidation, producing over 100 separable compounds from a single precursor. As a first step toward unraveling this complexity, a method was developed for measuring the polarity and volatility of individual compounds in a complex mixture using two-dimensional gas chromatography, which is demonstrated in Chapter 2 for describing the oxidation of SOA formed from a biogenic compound (longifolene: C15H24). Several major products and tens of substantial minor products were produced, but none could be identified by traditional methods or have ever been isolated and studied in the laboratory. A major realization of this work was that soft ionization mass spectrometry could be used to identify the molecular mass and formula of these unidentified compounds, a major step toward a comprehensive description of complex mixtures. This was achieved by coupling gas chromatography to high resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry with vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photo-ionization. Chapters 3 and 4 describe this new analytical technique and its initial application to determine the structures of unknown compounds and formerly unresolvable mixtures, including a complete description of the chemical composition of two common petroleum products related to anthropogenic emissions: diesel fuel and motor oil. The distribution of hydrocarbon isomers in these mixtures - found to be mostly of branched, cyclic, and saturated - is described with unprecedented detail. Instead of measuring average bulk aerosol properties, the methods developed and applied in this work directly measure the polarity, volatility, and structure of individual components to allow a mechanistic understanding of oxidation processes. Novel characterizations of these complex mixtures are used to elucidate the role of structure and functionality in particle-phase oxidation, including in Chapter 4 the first measurements of relative reaction rates in a complex hydrocarbon particle. Molecular structure is observed to influence particle-phase oxidation in unexpected and important ways, with cyclization decreasing reaction rates by ~30% and branching increasing reaction rates by ~20-50%. The observed structural dependence is proposed to result in compositional changes in anthropogenic organic aerosol downwind of urban areas, which has been confirmed in subsequent work by applying the techniques described here. Measurement of organic aerosol components is extended to ambient environments through the development of instrumentation with the unprecedented capability to measure hourly concentrations and gas/particle partitioning of individual highly oxygenated organic compounds in the atmosphere. Chapters 5 and 6 describe development of new procedures and hardware for the calibration and analysis of oxygenates using the Semi-Volatile Thermal desorption Aerosol Gas chromatograph (SV-TAG), a custom instrument for in situ quantification of gas- and particle-phase organic compounds in the atmosphere. High time resolution measurement of oxygenated compounds is achieved through a reproducible and quantitative methodology for in situ "derivatization"--Replacing highly polar functional groups that cannot be analyzed by traditional gas chromatography with less polar groups. Implementation of a two-channel sampling system for the simultaneous collection of particle-phase and total gas-plus-particle phase samples allows for the first direct measurements of gas/particle partitioning in the atmosphere, significantly advancing the study of atmospheric composition and variability, as well as the processes governing condensation and re-volatilization. This work presents the first in situ measurements of a large suite of highly oxygenated biogenic oxidation products in both the gas- and particle-phase. Isoprene, the most ubiquitous biogenic emission, oxidizes to form 2-methyltetrols and C5 alkene triols, while [alpha]-pinene, the most common monoterpene, forms pinic, pinonic, hydroxyglutaric, and other acids. These compounds are reported in Chapter 7 with unprecedented time resolution and are shown for the first time to have a large gas-phase component, contrary to typical assumptions. Hourly comparisons of these products with anthropogenic aerosol components elucidate the interaction of human and natural emissions at two rural sites: the southeastern, U.S. and Amazonia, Brazil. Anthropogenic influence on SOA formation is proposed to occur through the increase in liquid water caused by anthropogenic sulfate. Furthermore, these unparalleled observations of gas/particle partitioning of biogenic oxidation products demonstrate that partitioning of oxygenates is unexpectedly independent of volatility: many volatile, highly oxygenated compounds have a large particle-phase component that is poorly described by traditional models. These novel conclusions are reached in part by applying the new frameworks developed in previous chapters to understand the properties of unidentified compounds, demonstrating the importance of detailed characterization of atmospheric organic mixtures. Comprehensive analysis of anthropogenic and biogenic emissions and oxidation product mixtures is coupled in this work with high time-resolution measurement of individual organic components to yield significant insights into the transformations of organic aerosols. Oxidation chemistry is observed in both laboratory and field settings to depend on molecular properties, volatility, and atmospheric composition. However, this work demonstrates that these complex processes can be understood through the quantification of individual known and unidentified compounds, combined with their classification into descriptive frameworks.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Atmospheric Science by : C. Nick Hewitt
Download or read book Handbook of Atmospheric Science written by C. Nick Hewitt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The alarming consequences of global climate change have highlighted the need to take urgent steps to combat the causes of air pollution. Hence, understanding the Earth's atmosphere is a vital component in Man's emerging quest for developing sustainable modes of behaviour in the 21st century. Written by a team of expert scientists, the Handbook of Atmospheric Science provides a broad and up-to-date account of our understanding of the natural processes that occur within the atmosphere. It examines how Man’s activities have had a detrimental effect on the climate, and how measures may be implemented in order to modify these activities. The book progresses through chapters covering the principles of atmospheric science and the current problems of air pollution at the urban, regional and global scales, to the tools and applications used to understand air pollution. The Handbook of Atmospheric Science offers an excellent overview of this multi-disciplinary subject and will prove invaluable to both students and researchers of atmospheric science, air pollution and global change.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Secondary Organic Aerosol Precursors Using Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC×GC/TOFMS) by :
Download or read book Characterization of Secondary Organic Aerosol Precursors Using Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC×GC/TOFMS) written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) plays a role in both regional and global air quality through the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA). More than 1000TgC/yr of non-methane VOCs are emitted from biogenic sources (significantly greater than from anthropogenic sources). Despite this magnitude and potential importance for air quality, the body of knowledge around the identities, quantities and oxidation processes of these compounds is still incomplete (e.g., Goldstein & Galbally, 2007; Robinson et al., 2009). Two-dimensional gas chromatography paired with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC/TOFMS) is a powerful analytical technique which is explored here for its role in better characterizing biogenic VOCs (BVOCs) and thus SOA precursors.
Book Synopsis An Investigation of the Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation and Volatility in Mixtures of Anthropogenic and Biogenic Precursors Using Smog Chamber Experiments by : Aristeidis Voliotis
Download or read book An Investigation of the Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation and Volatility in Mixtures of Anthropogenic and Biogenic Precursors Using Smog Chamber Experiments written by Aristeidis Voliotis and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Composition and Sources of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols in the Southeastern U.S. and Antarctica by : Jun Liu
Download or read book Composition and Sources of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols in the Southeastern U.S. and Antarctica written by Jun Liu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols (bSOA) account for a large fraction of the global aerosols budget, and thus have a significant impact on climate and public health. Observations of bSOA in the southeastern U.S. included Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) measurements of submicron mass at Look Rock (LRK), Tennessee, and Centreville (CTR), Alabama. At LRK, Organic mass (OM) sources were apportioned to three factors, including "sulfate-related bSOA" that correlated to sulfate (r=0.72). Single-particle mass spectra also showed three composition types that corresponded to the mass-based factors with spectra cosine similarity of 0.93 and time series correlations of r>0.4. The similarity of the m/z spectra (cosine similarity=0.97) and the time series correlation (r=0.80) of the "sulfate-related bSOA" to the sulfate-containing single-particle type provide evidence for particle composition contributing to selective uptake of isoprene oxidation products onto sulfate particles. NOx had nighttime-to-early-morning peaks 3~10 times higher at CTR than at LRK, but OM sources identified by FTIR had three very similar factors at both sites including Biogenic Organic Aerosols (BOA). The BOA spectrum from FTIR is similar (cosine similarity > 0.6) to that of lab-generated particle mass from isoprene and monoterpene with NOx. NOx was correlated with FTIR-BOA and AMS related biogenic factors for NOx concentrations higher than 1 ppb at both sites, producing 0.5 to 1 [mu]g m-3 additional biogenic OM for each 1 ppb increase of NOx. Submicron organic mass (OM), particle number, and cloud condensation nuclei concentrations were measured at a costal Antarctica site and were found to be highest in summer. Natural sources that included marine sea spray and seabird emissions contributed 56% of OM in austral summer but only 3% in austral winter. Fourier transform infrared spectra showed the natural sources of organic aerosol were characterized by amide group absorption, which may be from seabird populations. Carboxylic acid group contributions from natural sources were correlated to incoming solar radiation, indicating both seasonal sources and likely secondary reactions.
Book Synopsis Aerosol Chamber Study of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Mixtures of Anthropogenic and Biogenic Precursors by : Yunqi Shao
Download or read book Aerosol Chamber Study of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Mixtures of Anthropogenic and Biogenic Precursors written by Yunqi Shao and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Insights Into Predicting Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Anthropogenic Volatile Organic Compounds by : Lijie Li
Download or read book Insights Into Predicting Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Anthropogenic Volatile Organic Compounds written by Lijie Li and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation is of critical importance to public health and global climate. SOA formation from anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is influenced by NO, precursor molecular structure, oxidation conditions and other factors. This dissertation explores the impact of NO effect and molecular structure for two categories of VOCs at urban atmosphere relevant conditions by utilizing the state of art 90 m3 UCR/CE-CERT chamber facilities.
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Multiphase Chemistry by : Hajime Akimoto
Download or read book Atmospheric Multiphase Chemistry written by Hajime Akimoto and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important guide that highlights the multiphase chemical processes for students and professionals who want to learn more about aerosol chemistry Atmospheric Multiphase Reaction Chemistry provides the information and knowledge of multiphase chemical processes and offers a review of the fundamentals on gas-liquid equilibrium, gas phase reactions, bulk aqueous phase reactions, and gas-particle interface reactions related to formation of secondary aerosols. The authors—noted experts on the topic—also describe new particle formation, and cloud condensation nuclei activity. In addition, the text includes descriptions of field observations on secondary aerosols and PM2.5. Atmospheric aerosols play a critical role in air quality and climate change. There is growing evidence that the multiphase reactions involving heterogeneous reactions on the air-particle interface and the reactions in the bulk liquid phase of wet aerosol and cloud/fog droplets are important processes forming secondary aerosols in addition to gas-phase oxidation reactions to form low-volatile compounds. Comprehensive in scope, the book offers an understanding of the topic by providing a historical overview of secondary aerosols, the fundamentals of multiphase reactions, gas-phase reactions of volatile organic compounds, aqueous phase and air-particle interface reactions of organic compound. This important text: Provides knowledge on multiphase chemical processes for graduate students and research scientists Includes fundamentals on gas-liquid equilibrium, gas phase reactions, bulk aqueous phase reactions, and gas-particle interface reactions related to formation of secondary aerosols Covers in detail reaction chemistry of secondary organic aerosols Written for students and research scientists in atmospheric chemistry and aerosol science of environmental engineering, Atmospheric Multiphase Reaction Chemistry offers an essential guide to the fundamentals of multiphase chemical processes.
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Aerosol Properties by : Kirill Ya. Kondratyev
Download or read book Atmospheric Aerosol Properties written by Kirill Ya. Kondratyev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-08-29 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive analysis of how aerosols form in the atmosphere through in situ processes as well as via transport from the surface (dust storms, seas spray, biogenic emissions, forest fires etc.). Such an analysis has been followed by the consideration of both observation data (various field observational experiments) and numerical modeling results to assess climate impacts of aerosols bearing in mind that these impacts are the most significant uncertainty in studying natural and anthropogenic causes of climate change.
