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Modification Of The High Energy Proton Spectrometer To Measure Electrons And Low Energy Protons
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Book Synopsis Modification of the High Energy Proton Spectrometer to Measure Electrons and Low Energy Protons by : F. S. MOZER
Download or read book Modification of the High Energy Proton Spectrometer to Measure Electrons and Low Energy Protons written by F. S. MOZER and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The capability of the high energy proton spectrometer system developed to measure the flux and energy spectrum of protons above 1 mev in the Van Allen radiation belts and interplanetary space has been expanded to enable measurements of protons and electrons between about 40 kevAND 4 MEV. Modifications to the system include the addition of two detectors (one for low energy proton detection and one for electron detection), and the addition of a programmer circuit and 7 channels to the 5 channel electronic analyzer package. (Author).
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NSA is a comprehensive collection of international nuclear science and technology literature for the period 1948 through 1976, pre-dating the prestigious INIS database, which began in 1970. NSA existed as a printed product (Volumes 1-33) initially, created by DOE's predecessor, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). NSA includes citations to scientific and technical reports from the AEC, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration and its contractors, plus other agencies and international organizations, universities, and industrial and research organizations. References to books, conference proceedings, papers, patents, dissertations, engineering drawings, and journal articles from worldwide sources are also included. Abstracts and full text are provided if available.
Book Synopsis Cosmic Rays at Earth by : P.K.F. Grieder
Download or read book Cosmic Rays at Earth written by P.K.F. Grieder and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-07-27 with total page 1117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1912 Victor Franz Hess made the revolutionary discovery that ionizing radiation is incident upon the Earth from outer space. He showed with ground-based and balloon-borne detectors that the intensity of the radiation did not change significantly between day and night. Consequently, the sun could not be regarded as the sources of this radiation and the question of its origin remained unanswered. Today, almost one hundred years later the question of the origin of the cosmic radiation still remains a mystery.Hess' discovery has given an enormous impetus to large areas of science, in particular to physics, and has played a major role in the formation of our current understanding of universal evolution. For example, the development of new fields of research such as elementary particle physics, modern astrophysics and cosmology are direct consequences of this discovery. Over the years the field of cosmic ray research has evolved in various directions: Firstly, the field of particle physics that was initiated by the discovery of many so-called elementary particles in the cosmic radiation. There is a strong trend from the accelerator physics community to reenter the field of cosmic ray physics, now under the name of astroparticle physics. Secondly, an important branch of cosmic ray physics that has rapidly evolved in conjunction with space exploration concerns the low energy portion of the cosmic ray spectrum. Thirdly, the branch of research that is concerned with the origin, acceleration and propagation of the cosmic radiation represents a great challenge for astrophysics, astronomy and cosmology. Presently very popular fields of research have rapidly evolved, such as high-energy gamma ray and neutrino astronomy. In addition, high-energy neutrino astronomy may soon initiate as a likely spin-off neutrino tomography of the Earth and thus open a unique new branch of geophysical research of the interior of the Earth. Finally, of considerable interest are the biological and medical aspects of the cosmic radiation because of it ionizing character and the inevitable irradiation to which we are exposed. This book is a reference manual for researchers and students of cosmic ray physics and associated fields and phenomena. It is not intended to be a tutorial. However, the book contains an adequate amount of background materials that its content should be useful to a broad community of scientists and professionals. The present book contains chiefly a data collection in compact form that covers the cosmic radiation in the vicinity of the Earth, in the Earth's atmosphere, at sea level and underground. Included are predominantly experimental but also theoretical data. In addition the book contains related data, definitions and important relations. The aim of this book is to offer the reader in a single volume a readily available comprehensive set of data that will save him the need of frequent time consuming literature searches.
Book Synopsis Development of Omnidirectional High-energy Proton Spectrometers by : NORTHROP CORPORATE LABS HAWTHORNE CA.
Download or read book Development of Omnidirectional High-energy Proton Spectrometers written by NORTHROP CORPORATE LABS HAWTHORNE CA. and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Omnidirectional High-Energy Proton Spectrometer (OHEPS) is designed to measure the high-energy flux and the dose deposited by protons with energies of a few hundred Mev. These measurements are achieved in the OHEPS by placing a small silicon detector at the center of a sphere of dense shielding material. The proton energy losses in the detector are measured above four energy thresholds and the total number of events above each threshold is recorded. These measurements, when integrated over unit time, yield dose rate and count rate of the high energy protons. Two instruments, designated OHEPS-1 and OHEPS-2, were developed under contract F29601-67-C-0005 and are described in Section I. In Section II, the calibration procedure is discussed, and the operation and checkout procedures are described in Section III. (Author).
Book Synopsis U.S. Government Research Reports by :
Download or read book U.S. Government Research Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Dynamic Loss of Earth's Radiation Belts by : Allison Jaynes
Download or read book The Dynamic Loss of Earth's Radiation Belts written by Allison Jaynes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Dynamic Loss of Earth's Radiation Belts: From Loss in the Magnetosphere to Particle Precipitation in the Atmosphere presents a timely review of data from various explorative missions, including the Van Allen Probes, the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission (which aims to determine magnetopause losses), the completion of four BARREL balloon campaigns, and several CubeSat missions focusing on precipitation losses. This is the first book in the area to include a focus on loss, and not just acceleration and radial transport. Bringing together two communities, the book includes contributions from experts with knowledge in both precipitation mechanisms and the effects on the atmosphere. There is a direct link between what gets lost in the magnetospheric radiation environment and the energy deposited in the layers of our atmosphere. Very recently, NASA’s Living With a Star program identified a new, targeted research topic that addresses this question, highlighting the timeliness of this precise science. The Dynamic Loss of Earth's Radiation Belts brings together scientists from the space and atmospheric science communities to examine both the causes and effects of particle loss in the magnetosphere. Examines both the causes and effects of particle loss in the magnetosphere from multiple perspectives Presents interdisciplinary content that bridges the gap, through communication and collaboration, between the magnetospheric and atmospheric communities Fills a gap in the literature by focusing on loss in the radiation belt, which is especially timely based on data from the Van Allen Probes, the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission, and other projects Includes contributions from various experts in the field that is organized and collated by a clear-and-consistent editorial team
Book Synopsis Description and Calibration of the Proton Spectrometer Flown on Satellite 1969-25c (ov-19). by : John R. Stevens
Download or read book Description and Calibration of the Proton Spectrometer Flown on Satellite 1969-25c (ov-19). written by John R. Stevens and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A proton spectrometer measures the directional differential flux of protons with energy from 0.18 to 2.81 MeV. The calibration of the proton energy thresholds and the count-rate meters are described. Background effects are also discussed. Background counting rates in the pulse-height analyzer caused by penetrating protons were negligible only if the energy spectrum of protons fell more rapidly than E to the -2 above E sub p = 10 MeV. The background counting rate due to low-energy electrons can be neglected only if the differential electron flux at 300-keV energy is
Download or read book NASA SP. written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Polar Aurora written by Carl Størmer and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solar Energetic Particles by : Donald V. Reames
Download or read book Solar Energetic Particles written by Donald V. Reames and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise primer introduces the non-specialist reader to the physics of solar energetic particles (SEP) and systematically reviews the evidence for the two main mechanisms which lead to the so-called impulsive and gradual SEP events. More specifically, the timing of the onsets, the longitude distributions, the high-energy spectral shapes, the correlations with other solar phenomena (e.g. coronal mass ejections), as well as the all-important elemental and isotopic abundances of SEPs are investigated. Impulsive SEP events are related to magnetic reconnection in solar flares and jets. The concept of shock acceleration by scattering on self-amplified Alfvén waves is introduced, as is the evidence of reacceleration of impulsive-SEP material in the seed population accessed by the shocks in gradual events. The text then develops processes of transport of ions out to an observer. Finally, a new technique to determine the source plasma temperature in both impulsive and gradual events is demonstrated. Last but not least the role of SEP events as a radiation hazard in space is mentioned and a short discussion of the nature of the main particle telescope designs that have contributed to most of the SEP measurements is given.
Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Summaries of Projects Completed by : National Science Foundation (U.S.)
Download or read book Summaries of Projects Completed written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on with total page 1108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Summaries of Projects Completed in Fiscal Year ... by :
Download or read book Summaries of Projects Completed in Fiscal Year ... written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1090 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Summaries of Projects Completed in Fiscal Year ... by : National Science Foundation (U.S.)
Download or read book Summaries of Projects Completed in Fiscal Year ... written by National Science Foundation (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Particle Physics Reference Library by : Christian W. Fabjan
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Book Synopsis Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering by : Alexander Wu Chao
Download or read book Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering written by Alexander Wu Chao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by internationally recognized authorities in the field, this expanded and updated new edition of the bestselling Handbook, containing more than 100 new articles, is aimed at the design and operation of modern particle accelerators. It is intended as a vade mecum for professional engineers and physicists engaged in these subjects. With a collection of more than 2000 equations, 300 illustrations and 500 graphs and tables, here one will find, in addition to the common formulae of previous compilations, hard-to-find, specialized formulae, recipes and material data pooled from the lifetime experience of many of the world''s most able practitioners of the art and science of accelerators.The eight chapters include both theoretical and practical matters as well as an extensive glossary of accelerator types. Chapters on beam dynamics and electromagnetic and nuclear interactions deal with linear and nonlinear single particle and collective effects including spin motion, beam-environment, beam-beam, beam-electron, beam-ion and intrabeam interactions. The impedance concept and related calculations are dealt with at length as are the instabilities associated with the various interactions mentioned. A chapter on operational considerations includes discussions on the assessment and correction of orbit and optics errors, real-time feedbacks, generation of short photon pulses, bunch compression, tuning of normal and superconducting linacs, energy recovery linacs, free electron lasers, cooling, space-charge compensation, brightness of light sources, collider luminosity optimization and collision schemes. Chapters on mechanical and electrical considerations present material data and important aspects of component design including heat transfer and refrigeration. Hardware systems for particle sources, feedback systems, confinement and acceleration (both normal conducting and superconducting) receive detailed treatment in a subsystems chapter, beam measurement techniques and apparatus being treated therein as well. The closing chapter gives data and methods for radiation protection computations as well as much data on radiation damage to various materials and devices.A detailed name and subject index is provided together with reliable references to the literature where the most detailed information available on all subjects treated can be found.
