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Modernization Through Past Cultural Heritage During The Late Ottoman And The Early Republican Period In Turkey
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Book Synopsis Modernization Through Past: Cultural Heritage During the Late-Ottoman and the Early-Republican Period in Turkey by : Mesut Dinler
Download or read book Modernization Through Past: Cultural Heritage During the Late-Ottoman and the Early-Republican Period in Turkey written by Mesut Dinler and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Late Ottoman Society by : Elisabeth Özdalga
Download or read book Late Ottoman Society written by Elisabeth Özdalga and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Ottomans commenced their modernizing reforms in the 1830s, they still ruled over a vast empire. In addition to today's Turkey, including Anatolia and Thrace, their power reached over Mesopotamia, North Africa, the Levant, the Balkans, and the Caucasus. The Sultanate was at the apex of a truly multi-ethnic society. Modernization not only brought market principles to the economy and more complex administrative controls as part of state power, but also new educational institutions as well as new ideologies. Thus new ideologies developed and nationalism emerged, which became a political reality when the Empire reached its end. This book compares the different intellectual atmospheres between the pre-republican and the republican periods and identifies the roots of republican authoritarianism in the intellectual heritage of the earlier period.
Book Synopsis Modernizing Nature/naturalizing Modernization by : Berin Golonu
Download or read book Modernizing Nature/naturalizing Modernization written by Berin Golonu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Although the concept of landscape is a shifting signifier, landscape imagery carries potency in its ability to stir very specific sentiments about progress, conservation, patriotism, nostalgia, and collective belonging. "Modernizing Nature/Naturalizing Modernization: Late Ottoman and Early Turkish Republican Landscape Imagery, 1876-1939" looks at how landscape is framed through the perspective of changing state ideologies that took hold in the transition from the Ottoman Empire to the Turkish Republic. While successive political regimes crafted differing ideologies over the course of this chronology, several constant themes emerge in the landscape imagery produced over these years. The first is the will to modernize and develop a region that was considered backward and inferior to the more industrialized nations of the world. The second interrelated aim is to harness the region's modernization, technological progress, and economic development to maintain imperial and national sovereignty during a time of political crisis. A third impulse, which can be detected in the years leading up to the Ottoman Empire's dismemberment and immediately thereafter, is the desire to present an image of territorial and social unity. A fourth impulse is to take a more active role in conserving the region's architectural heritage and material culture and, by extension, channeling these conservation efforts into the writing and rewriting of history. While my historical research shows how the lands of this region were drastically altered through their modernization and nationalization, my visual analysis of key landscape images deconstructs how modernist landscape imagery created under state sponsorship naturalized these alterations. In the first portion of my research, I look at photographic rural imagery commissioned during the reign of Sultan Abdülhamid II (r. 1876-1908) to illustrate how photography was used by the Ottoman state to exercise logistical power and engage in territorial governance. In the second portion of my research, I focus on the works of Şeker Ahmed Pasha (1841-1907), one of the first Ottoman landscape painters working in the Western mimetic tradition. I argue that the artist's viewpoints synthesize the imperial panoptic gaze with individualized points of view. In my final chapter, I discuss how images of the Anatolian countryside and the peasantry emerged into metonyms for the new national homeland in the transition from empire to republic. Urban image makers looked to rural lands to locate new imperial and national identities. Their imagery comes together as a modernist visual geography that can be viewed as a response to the Orientalist imagination. The visual geography of Ottoman and Turkish modernity can be considered to be just as imaginary however, in its attempts to transform an ethnically and religiously diverse Ottoman citizenry into the vision of a homogenous Turkish society rooted to a shared soil."--Pages ix-x.
Book Synopsis Architectures of Emergency in Turkey by : Eray Çayli
Download or read book Architectures of Emergency in Turkey written by Eray Çayli and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Challenging existing political analyses of the state of emergency in Turkey, this volume argues that such states are not merely predetermined by policy and legislation but are produced, regulated, distributed and contested through the built environment in both embodied and symbolic ways. Contributors use empirical critical-spatial research carried out in Turkey over the past decade, exploring heritage, displacement and catastrophes. Contributing to the broader literature on the related concepts of exception, risk, crisis and uncertainty, the book discusses the ways in which these phenomena shape and are shaped by the built environment, and provides context-specific empirical substance to it by focusing on contemporary Turkey. In so doing, it offers nuanced insight into the debate around emergency as well as into recent urban-architectural affairs in Turkey.
Book Synopsis Early Steps to the foundation of Modern Turkey: Nineteenth Century Reforms and the Young Turk Revolution by : Can Esen
Download or read book Early Steps to the foundation of Modern Turkey: Nineteenth Century Reforms and the Young Turk Revolution written by Can Esen and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2011 in the subject History of Europe - Modern Times, Absolutism, Industrialization, grade: A, St. Mary's University, course: Politics of the Middle East, language: English, abstract: The modern Republic of Turkey has been hesitant to embrace its Ottoman past for nearly three quarters of a century following the years of its foundation. During the Ottoman period, majority of the people were living an Islamic lifestyle under the guidance of traditional Islamic shari’a law. This situation was challenging to the modern, secular ideas of the young republic. In order to overcome this problem, the new secular state controlled religious affairs and abolished the institution of Caliphate. Morever, founders of the modern Turkey created a National Assembly and which served as the early steps to the representative democracy. There were series of reforms on the education, military system, women’s rights and general dress code for public places. However, although Ataturk and his friends’ contribution to the Turkish modernization is undeniable, it should be made clear that his ideas were inspired both by the realities of his time and more importantly the reforms of the late Ottoman period. Thus, contrary to what primary level education which is taught in state schools in Turkey suggests, it is hard to claim that he singlehandedly invented all the ideas and reforms concerning the Turkish modernization. In fact, the idea of Turkish modernization long predates the foundation of the secular republic. There had been reforms from top to down during the nineteenth century. These were followed by a new group of intellectuals who were influenced by the ideas of Enlightenment and French Revolution who were called ‘Young Turks’. The Young Turk movement, which was emerged among the students of higher learning schools of Istanbul attracted many other members of the society. The members of the movement were united in their opposition to the personal rule of the Sultan and created the backbone of the modern democratic reforms happened during early years of the modern Turkish Republic (Hanioglu, 2011).
Book Synopsis The Preservation of Art and Culture in Times of War by :
Download or read book The Preservation of Art and Culture in Times of War written by and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-06 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conflict over cultural heritage has increasingly become a standard part of war. Today, systematic exploitation, manipulation, attacks, and destruction of cultural heritage by state and non-state actors form part of most violent conflicts across the world. Such acts are often intentional and based on well-planned strategies for inflicting harm on groups of people and communities. With this increasing awareness of the role cultural heritage plays in war, scholars and practitioners have progressed from seeing conflict-related destruction of cultural heritage as a cultural tragedy to understanding it as a vital national security issue. There is also a shift from the desire to protect cultural property for its own sake to viewing its protection as connected to broader agendas of peace and security. Concerns about cultural heritage have thus migrated beyond the cultural sphere to worries about the protection of civilians, the financing of terrorism, societal resilience, post-conflict reconciliation, hybrid warfare, and the geopolitics of territorial conflicts. This volume seeks to deepen public understanding of the evolving nexus between cultural heritage and security in the twenty-first century. Drawing on a variety of disciplines and perspectives, the chapters in this volume examine a complex set of relationships between the deliberate destruction and misuse of cultural heritage in times of conflict, on the one hand, and basic societal values, legal principles, and national security, on the other.
Author :Assoc. Prof. Dr. Serhan ADA Publisher :Hiperlink Eğitim İletişim Yayın Gıda Sanayi ve Pazarlama Tic. Ltd. Şti. ISBN 13 :6258410049 Total Pages :267 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (584 download)
Book Synopsis The Young Researchers Conference on Cultural Policy and Cultural Diplomacy 21-22 August 2020 by : Assoc. Prof. Dr. Serhan ADA
Download or read book The Young Researchers Conference on Cultural Policy and Cultural Diplomacy 21-22 August 2020 written by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Serhan ADA and published by Hiperlink Eğitim İletişim Yayın Gıda Sanayi ve Pazarlama Tic. Ltd. Şti.. This book was released on with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We were in the mids of 2019 when we decided to organize a young researchers conference as the most important transnational event, subsequent to the inauguration of the UNESCO Chair of Culture Policy and Cultural Diplomacy of Istanbul Bilgi University established in 2018, held together with the chairs working in the same field. While deciding on the method, content, and form of participation of the conference we consulted with UNESCO chairs, with which we have been in cooperation for a long time. As a result, we decided to invite “young” researchers who are in the early stages of their academic career, irrespective of their age, and who have had their master’s degree and/or conducting doctoral studies. Our purpose was to ensure that they would start a dialogue with their colleagues in similar statuses and benefit from the comments of reviewers having experience in the profession, through the assessment of their presentations. We wished the conference that we planned to last two days to address the main themes of cultural policy. Hence, we projected holding of five sessions on the themes of “Culture as Agent in International Relations,” “Managing and Sharing Cultural Heritage,” “Cities: New Actors of Cultural Policy,” “Cultural Industries: Film as a Case,” and “Culture and Arts in all Their Forms.” Our call for applications has been welcomed with considerable interest. At that time, another thing happened as well. We wanted those young researchers would meet face-to-face, get to know each other, and exchange their views outside of the conference. However, the pandemic broke out and we were faced with the choices of postponing the conference or acknowledging to hold it online, due to travel prohibitions and lockdowns. As a result, the second alternative prevailed to maintain the excitement of the studies of the researchers. Our conference was held online, while Covid-19 was reigning with all its severity, on 21-22 August 2020. At the conference, papers of a total of eighteen researchers in charge at universities or working professionally in the sector in four continents took place. The fact that almost all of the researchers included the original features of the practice, which emerged from the theoretical literature in different subfields of cultural policy, but which they followed closely or were a part of directly, in their analyzes, was attention inviting. At the same time, it was possible to see in the presentations the traces of the (mostly negative) impacts of the international political environment, which continues with tensions, hot or cold conflicts, and inequalities, in addition to the oppressive political environment prevailing in the countries of today, on cultural policy. On the other hand, the lack of presentation and discussion of enough examples concerning cultural policies at the city scale was noteworthy. However, the quest of the young ones working in these disciplines, for new concepts and different methodological approaches, was extremely clear.
Book Synopsis The Remaking of Republican Turkey by : Nicholas Danforth
Download or read book The Remaking of Republican Turkey written by Nicholas Danforth and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-24 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on a diverse array of published and archival sources, Nicholas L. Danforth synthesizes the political, cultural, diplomatic and intellectual history of mid-century Turkey to explore how Turkey first became a democracy and Western ally in the 1950s and why this is changing today.
Book Synopsis Architecture and the Late Ottoman Historical Imaginary by : AhmetA. Ersoy
Download or read book Architecture and the Late Ottoman Historical Imaginary written by AhmetA. Ersoy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While European eclecticism is examined as a critical and experimental moment in western art history, little research has been conducted to provide an intellectual depth of field to the historicist pursuits of late Ottoman architects as they maneuvered through the nineteenth century?s vast inventory of available styles and embarked on a revivalist/Orientalist program they identified as the ?Ottoman Renaissance.? Ahmet A. Ersoy?s book examines the complex historicist discourse underlying this belated ?renaissance? through a close reading of a text conceived as the movement?s canonizing manifesto: the Usul-i Mi?mari-i ?Osmani [The Fundamentals of Ottoman Architecture] (Istanbul, 1873). In its translocal, cross-disciplinary scope, Ersoy?s work explores the creative ways in which the Ottoman authors straddled the art-historical mainstream and their new, self-orientalizing aesthetics of locality. The study reveals how Orientalism was embraced by its very objects, the self-styled ?Orientals? of the modern world, as a marker of authenticity, and a strategically located aesthetic tool to project universally recognizable images of cultural difference. Rejecting the lesser, subsidiary status ascribed to non-western Orientalisms, Ersoy?s work contributes to recent, post-Saidian directions in the study of cultural representation that resituate the field of Orientalism beyond its polaristic core, recognizing its cross-cultural potential as a polyvalent discourse.
Book Synopsis Sultanahmet, Istanbul’s Historic Peninsula by : Pinar Aykaç
Download or read book Sultanahmet, Istanbul’s Historic Peninsula written by Pinar Aykaç and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-01-05 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how the museum concept has expanded beyond the boundaries of a single building into the historic city itself through musealization. Articulating the musealization of historic cities as a specific urban process, the book here presents a study of the transformation of the Sultanahmet district on Istanbul’s historic peninsula, which has been the major focus of planning, conservation and museological studies in Turkey since the 19th century as the public face of the city. The author aims to offer empirically grounded and context-specific insight into the role of museums in the regeneration of historic cities. Musealization as an urban process varies in different geographical, cultural and ideological contexts, and across different time periods. By discussing the Sultanahmet district as a specific context of yet another city subjected to the musealization process, this book provides further insights into this important global phenomenon.
Download or read book The Imprint of State written by Dan Segal and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines print culture and the involvement of the state in print culture during the early republican period in Turkey in the 1920s and 1930s. Drawing on primary sources including official correspondence, governmental and party reports, memoires, textbooks, maps, national and local newspapers and magazines, the study seeks to analyze the deployment of printing technology and its derivatives in the Turco-Ottoman realm, evaluate the relationship between the modernizing state and the printing and publishing industry and between the former and society and challenge common assumptions regarding a controlled print culture. Chapter one discusses the reasons for the "late" arrival of printing technology in the Ottoman Empire and the emergence of a vital and diverse print culture under the auspices of the modernizing state. Chapter two demonstrates that while one trait of Ottoman print culture, its cultural and linguistic diversity, ceased along with the imperial framework, another characteristic, the substantial role of the state, persisted and even increased in the transition from empire to nation-state. The chapter analyzes the growing involvement of the republican government in printing and publishing through a discussion of prohibitive measures against journalists and publishers and attempts to dominate production for the purpose of promoting national and modern contents. Chapters three and four address common historical assumptions regarding early republican print culture and state-society relations. Chapter three evaluates one of the most famous attempts to control the printed word - the alphabet reform announced in 1928. Contrary to the common image of the reform, formulated in public announcements and perpetuated in the official historical narrative, analyses of the experiences of government officials, teachers and ordinary citizens, reveal that the endeavor to introduce the new alphabet, teach the new letters to bureaucrats and citizens and eliminate use of the old script, was challenging and prompted different reactions from different people as well as various standards of enforcement on the part of state authorities. Chapter four treats the theme of print culture under control from a different aspect - that of ideology. The chapter features an analysis of two intellectual magazines in the first half of the 1930s, which sought to be acknowledged as legitimate interpreters of Kemalism, the official ideology of the republic. The discussion demonstrates that while the government was quick to quiet dissenting voices in print, within the political camp siding with the government there existed a latitude for publishing a variety of approaches towards critical subjects. Studies of the early republican period, whether they subscribed to the traditional Kemalist narrative or rejected it, by and large took for granted as fact the assertion according to which, the period's print culture was controlled by the state. Consequently, historians identified the cultural production of the period with the ideology of the ruling elite and considered it biased as a historical source and limited as a foundation for the emergence of national culture. The current study seeks to challenge these approaches; it attempts to understand and analyze the mechanisms by which the government sought to control printing and publishing and to interpret the relationship between state and society that these mechanisms created. While the study concurs with previous studies about how the central government limited free speech and proliferation of print culture beyond the metropolitan centers, it challenges common assumptions regarding an absolute and consistent control on the part of all state mechanisms over a compliant society and a docile printing and publishing industry, and maintains that there existed opportunities for expression of various opinions. In addition, the study argues that while the regime during the early republican period was authoritarian, the period's print culture remains valuable for Turkish culture until these days. . -- abstract.
Book Synopsis Architectural Documentation: Built Environment, Modernization, and Turkish Nationalism by : Serra Akboy-Ilk
Download or read book Architectural Documentation: Built Environment, Modernization, and Turkish Nationalism written by Serra Akboy-Ilk and published by Vernon Press. This book was released on 2022-09-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Against the backdrop of building a new country, this study explores and evaluates the documentation culture in early republican Turkey. Having fought the Turkish War of Independence (1919–22) against the Allied Powers, the revolutionaries led by legendary leader Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881-1938) came to engage with the idea of the West and its cultural origin. With the proclamation of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the constitution abolished the 600-year-old Ottoman Empire including the dynastic cultural, economic, educational, and governmental institutions. In the redemption of the nation within the modern history of civilizations, cultural Westernization and technical modernization became the model for the newly found nation-state. While the new country became the subject of reformation, historic architecture was called upon to grant the aura of a glorious past to the Turks. Through the materialization of ‘Türk Tarih Tezi’ (the Turkish History Thesis), the founding leaders focused on the origin of Turks and the everlasting spirit of the Turkish state. In this pursuit, architectural heritage signified the formative power to represent the past. Supported by state-agencies, scholars, with supreme patriotic zeal and diligence, travelled across the remotest corners of the country to document and study the historic architecture of the nation. To date, the complicated question of a national identity embodied in the built environment has dominated the contemporary scholarship on early republican historiography. Akboy-İlk’s study, however, distinguishes itself with its focus on architectural documentation, which became an agent of history-writing in the early years of the nation state. Curated by the ideologies of the state, the formal documentation findings extensively informed the republican plot of the modern progress of Turks. For scholars interested in a closer reading of the crossing boundaries between architectural heritage and nation-building in the case of the modernization of Turkey, this book is revealing and provocative in bringing forward architectural documentation, a remarkably overlooked subject in studies of the area.
Book Synopsis Ataturk And The Modernization Of Turkey by : Jacob M Landau
Download or read book Ataturk And The Modernization Of Turkey written by Jacob M Landau and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who founded the Republic of Turkey sixty years ago, dedicated himself to westernizing the Turkish state and its society and culture. In this first attempt to evaluate Ataturk's overall contribution to the modernization of Turkey, an international group of scholars examine a broad range of subjects, including the Kemalist
Book Synopsis Rethinking Modernity and National Identity in Turkey by : Sibel Bozdogan
Download or read book Rethinking Modernity and National Identity in Turkey written by Sibel Bozdogan and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2011-11-15 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first two decades after W.W.II, social scientist heralded Turkey as an exemplar of a 'modernizing' nation in the Western mold. Images of unveiled women working next to clean-shaven men, healthy children in school uniforms, and downtown Ankara's modern architecture all proclaimed the country's success. Although Turkey's modernization began in the late Ottoman era, the establishment of the secular nation-state by Kemal Ataturk in 1923 marked the crystallization of an explicit, elite-driven 'project of modernity' that took its inspiration exclusively from the West. The essays in this book are the first attempt to examine the Turkish experiment with modernity from a broad, interdisciplinary perspective, encompassing the fields of history, the social sciences, the humanities, architecture, and urban planning. As they examine both the Turkish project of modernity and its critics, the contributors offer a fresh, balanced understanding of dilemmas now facing not only Turkey but also many other parts of the Middle East and the world at large.
Book Synopsis The Turkish Connection by : Deniz Kuru
Download or read book The Turkish Connection written by Deniz Kuru and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-03-21 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume provides the first (internationally and even in Turkey’s own case) elaboration of Global Intellectual History debates with regard to late Ottoman and Turkish Republican periods. It covers both individuals and groups as carriers of ideas (what we call in the volume ideational entrepreneurs) and simultaneously concepts and ideologies that emerge(d) in the interaction of Turkey’s intellectuals and scholars with their, mostly Western, counterparts. Additionally, it includes examples of its non-Western engagements, broadening the usual focus on Turkish-Western relationships. The contributions are of relevance both for specific studies on Turkish intellectual history and for broader audiences looking for new material in the novel Global Intellectual History framework. Also, the readings serve as helpful sources for courses on Intellectual History, European and Middle Eastern Studies, Turkish History, Global History, and related Area Studies courses. Specific chapters pertain further to broader study areas.
Book Synopsis Forming the Modern Turkish Village by : Özge Sezer
Download or read book Forming the Modern Turkish Village written by Özge Sezer and published by transcript Verlag. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the early republican period, architectural interventions in rural Turkey took the form of social engineering as part of the state's modernization and nationalization policies. Özge Sezer demonstrates how the state's particular programs had a powerful effect on rural life in the countryside. She examines the regime's goals and strategies for controlling the rural people through development projects and demographic shaping to create a strong Turkish identity and a loyal citizenry. The book outlines the implementation of new rural settlements, particularly following the 1934 Settlement Law, with a geographic focus on two cities - Izmir and Elazig - with varied socio-economic and ethnic standing in the state program.
Download or read book Becoming Turkish written by Hale Yilmaz and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-30 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Becoming Turkish deepens our understanding of the modernist nation-building processes in post—Ottoman Turkey through a rare perspective that stresses social and cultural dimensions and everyday negotiations of the Kemalist reforms. Yilmaz asks how the reforms were mediated on the ground and how ordinary citizens received, reacted to, and experienced them. She traces the experiences of the subaltern as well as the experiences of the elites and the mediators in the overall narrative—highlighting the relevance of class, gender, location, and urban and rural differences while also revealing the importance of nonideological, social, and psychological factors such as childhood and generations.
