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Modelling The Impact Of Ocean Warming On Melting And Water Masses Of Ice Shelves In The Eastern Weddell Sea
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Book Synopsis Modelling the impact of ocean warming on melting and water masses of ice shelves in the Eastern Weddell Sea by : M. THOMA
Download or read book Modelling the impact of ocean warming on melting and water masses of ice shelves in the Eastern Weddell Sea written by M. THOMA and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ocean, Ice, and Atmosphere by : Stanley S. Jacobs
Download or read book Ocean, Ice, and Atmosphere written by Stanley S. Jacobs and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1998-02-04 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this latest oceanology volume of the Antarctic Research Series, polar scientists describe and model air-sea and ice-ocean interactions, the formation and chemistry of deep and bottom waters, regional circulations, tidal heights and currents, ocean bathymetry, interannual variability and the Antarctic Slope Front.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Thermodynamic Parameterizations, Ice Shelf Geometry, and Tides on Modeled Basal Melting of Weddell Sea Ice Shelves by : Rachael D. Mueller
Download or read book The Effects of Thermodynamic Parameterizations, Ice Shelf Geometry, and Tides on Modeled Basal Melting of Weddell Sea Ice Shelves written by Rachael D. Mueller and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antarctic Ice Sheet mass balance and, hence, sea level change is affected by the floating extensions of outlet glaciers and ice streams that take up about 44% of the coastline (Drewry et al., 1982) and are referred to as "ice shelves". Ice sheet mass loss accelerates when these ice shelves lose mass through basal melting at the ice-ocean interface or calving along the ice shelf front. The focus of this dissertation is to explore the uncertainties in basal melt predictions, as affected by ocean temperatures, ocean currents, and model geometries. Uncertainties in tidal currents and the corresponding affect on sub ice shelf basal melt was explored using the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS 3.2), adapted to represent the thermodynamics of ice shelf basal melt at the ice/ocean interface. Plausible representations of present and future sub ice shelf topographies were used to explore potential errors in tidal forcing and ocean circulation beneath the Larsen-C and Filchner-Ronne ice shelves of the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. The influence of thermal forcing and thermodynamic parameterizations was also explored. The results presented here demonstrate that two plausible Larsen-C Ice Shelf (LCIS) topographies could yield shelf-averaged basal melt rates that differ by nearly a factor of two. The difference in these two cases is due to regional variations in tidal currents. The standard grid topography, based on realistic modern bathymetry and ice draft, supported topographic vorticity waves at diurnal frequencies in the northeast LCIS while an alternate model geometry did not. As such, these two grid topographies not only affected the shelf-averaged value of basal melting but also the regional variation in basal melting. Regional variation is important because it determines whether basal melting will have a greater impact on the rate at which ice moves off-shore, as in grounding line melt, or the rate of calving, as in melting along the ice shelf front. Out of all parameterizations, grounding line melt is shown to be largest in a commonly used parameterization that applies a uniform "friction velocity" to estimate basal melting. These model results confirm that both topographic errors and choice of thermodynamic parameterization have a significant influence on the spatial characteristic of basal melt. In a separate study of basal melting of the much larger Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf (FRIS), simulations shows that a future scenario of warmer ocean conditions may lead to a change in the FRIS cavity shape that strongly affects the map of tidal currents and, hence, regional characteristics of basal melting. In general, the change in FRIS cavity shape due to a warming ocean introduces a negative feedback where increased melting reduces the overall magnitude of tidal currents (by increasing the thickness of the water column) which then results in less basal melting; however, there are large regional variations in these results. In one region, south of Henry Ice Rise, the change in cavity shape reduces basal melting from 5 m a−1 to 1.5 m a−1 due to the corresponding change in tidal forcing. In contrast, basal melting increases from 1 m a−1 to 1.5 m a−1 in the nearby region of the Institute Ice Stream outlet owing to a reduction in the upstream basal melting and, hence, cooling of inflowing water. In summary, uncertainties in cavity geometry have a large impact on the regional characteristics of tidal current predictions and, hence, ice shelf basal melting. These uncertainties introduce significant, regional errors to ice shelf mass balance. Critical processes that influence the evolution of the Antarctic Ice Sheet cannot be accurately represented without the inclusion of small grid spacing (~1 km), accurate topography, and tidal forcing in the predictions of ice shelf basal melt.
Book Synopsis Modelling the mass balance and salinity of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice by : Martin Vancoppenolle
Download or read book Modelling the mass balance and salinity of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice written by Martin Vancoppenolle and published by Presses univ. de Louvain. This book was released on 2008 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ice formed from seawater, called sea ice, is both an important actor in and a sensitive indicator of climate change. Covering 7% of the World Ocean, sea ice damps the atmosphere-ocean exchanges of heat, radiation and momentum in polar regions. It also affects the oceanic circulation at a global scale. Recent satellite and submarine observations systems indicate a sharp decrease in the extent and volume of Arctic sea ice over the last 30 years. In addition, climate models project drastic sea ice reductions for the next century, in both hemispheres, with potentially large consequences on climate and ecosystems. Contrary to what is commonly believed, sea ice retains about 25% of the oceanic salt when it forms. As salt cannot lock in the ice crystalline lattice, it accumulates in liquid inclusions of salty water (brine). Under a temperature change, the inclusions freeze or melt and release or absorb huge amounts of latent heat. This affects heat transfer through and storage in sea ice, which may affect the mass balance of sea ice at a global scale. This is the central hypothesis of this work. In order to address this problem, the author develops two sea ice models and assesses their ability to simulate the recent evolution of the sea ice mass balance. Then, the physics of brine uptake and drainage are included in the models and sea ice desalination is investigated. Finally, the impact of sea ice salinity variations on the global sea ice mass balance is studied. The roles of sea ice thermal properties, of ice-ocean salt / fresh water fluxes and of oceanic feedbacks are evaluated. The new salinity module improves the simulation of ice and ocean characteristics compared to observations. Including salinity variations increases ice growth, reduces vertical mixing in the ocean and the ocean-to-ice heat flux. In conclusion, salinity variations should be included in future sea ice models used for climate projections.
Download or read book Ice in the Ocean written by Peter Wadhams and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ICe in the Ocean examines sea ice and icebergs and their role in the global climate system. It is comprehensive textbook suitablefor students, pure and applied researchers, and anyone interested in the polar oceans; the distribution of sea ice; the mechanisms of growth, development and decay; the thermodynamics and dynamics of sea ice; sea ice defo
Book Synopsis Journal of Physical Oceanography by :
Download or read book Journal of Physical Oceanography written by and published by . This book was released on 1999-05 with total page 1316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :9781009157971 Total Pages :755 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (579 download)
Book Synopsis The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate by : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :172 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Oversight Hearing by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works
Download or read book Oversight Hearing written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polar Environments and Global Change by : Roger G. Barry
Download or read book Polar Environments and Global Change written by Roger G. Barry and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surveys atmospheric, oceanic and cryospheric processes, present and past conditions, and changes in polar environments.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309456002 Total Pages :83 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Antarctic Sea Ice Variability in the Southern Ocean-Climate System by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Antarctic Sea Ice Variability in the Southern Ocean-Climate System written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-24 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sea ice surrounding Antarctica has increased in extent and concentration from the late 1970s, when satellite-based measurements began, until 2015. Although this increasing trend is modest, it is surprising given the overall warming of the global climate and the region. Indeed, climate models, which incorporate our best understanding of the processes affecting the region, generally simulate a decrease in sea ice. Moreover, sea ice in the Arctic has exhibited pronounced declines over the same period, consistent with global climate model simulations. For these reasons, the behavior of Antarctic sea ice has presented a conundrum for global climate change science. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in January 2016, to bring together scientists with different sets of expertise and perspectives to further explore potential mechanisms driving the evolution of recent Antarctic sea ice variability and to discuss ways to advance understanding of Antarctic sea ice and its relationship to the broader ocean-climate system. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Book Synopsis Middle Atmosphere Dynamics by : David G. Andrews
Download or read book Middle Atmosphere Dynamics written by David G. Andrews and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-21 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography. * Written at a mathematical level that is appealing for undergraduates and beginning graduate students * Provides a useful educational tool through a combination of observations and laboratory demonstrations which can be viewed over the web * Contains instructions on how to reproduce the simple but informative laboratory experiments * Includes copious problems (with sample answers) to help students learn the material.
Download or read book Ocean Currents written by John H. Steele and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-10-08 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean Currents is a derivative of the Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, 2nd Edition and serves as an important reference on current ocean current knowledge and expertise in one convenient and accessible source. Its selection of articles—all written by experts in their field—focuses on key ocean current concepts. Its topics include ocean currents, the circulation of deep water, the contrasting circulations of the seas, the circulation in fjords, estuaries and the effects of rivers, and the intermittency and variability of the oceans. Ocean Currents serves as an ideal reference for topical research. References related articles on ocean currents to facilitate further research Richly illustrated with figures and tables that aid in understanding key concepts Includes an introductory overview of ocean currents and then explores each topic in detail, making it useful to experts and graduate-level researchers Topical arrangement makes it the perfect desk reference
Book Synopsis The Anthropocene as a Geological Time Unit by : Jan Zalasiewicz
Download or read book The Anthropocene as a Geological Time Unit written by Jan Zalasiewicz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-07 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the evidence underpinning the Anthropocene as a geological epoch written by the Anthropocene Working Group investigating it. The book discusses ongoing changes to the Earth system within the context of deep geological time, allowing a comparison between the global transition taking place today with major transitions in Earth history.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-04-12 with total page 4318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oceans cover 70% of the Earth’s surface, and are critical components of Earth’s climate system. This new edition of Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, Six Volume Set summarizes the breadth of knowledge about them, providing revised, up to date entries as well coverage of new topics in the field. New and expanded sections include microbial ecology, high latitude systems and the cryosphere, climate and climate change, hydrothermal and cold seep systems. The structure of the work provides a modern presentation of the field, reflecting the input and different perspective of chemical, physical and biological oceanography, the specialized area of expertise of each of the three Editors-in-Chief. In this framework maximum attention has been devoted to making this an organic and unified reference. Represents a one-stop. organic information resource on the breadth of ocean science research Reflects the input and different perspective of chemical, physical and biological oceanography, the specialized area of expertise of each of the three Editors-in-Chief New and expanded sections include microbial ecology, high latitude systems and climate change Provides scientifically reliable information at a foundational level, making this work a resource for students as well as active researches
Book Synopsis The Physics of Glaciers by : Kurt M. Cuffey
Download or read book The Physics of Glaciers written by Kurt M. Cuffey and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-06-18 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Physics of Glaciers, Fourth Edition, discusses the physical principles that underlie the behavior and characteristics of glaciers. The term glacier refers to all bodies of ice created by the accumulation of snowfall, e.g., mountain glaciers, ice caps, continental ice sheets, and ice shelves. Glaciology—the study of all forms of ice—is an interdisciplinary field encompassing physics, geology, atmospheric science, mathematics, and others. This book covers various aspects of glacier studies, including the transformation of snow to ice, grain-scale structures and ice deformation, mass exchange processes, glacial hydrology, glacier flow, and the impact of climate change. The present edition features two new chapters: "Ice Sheets and the Earth System and "Ice, Sea Level, and Contemporary Climate Change. The chapter on ice core studies has been updated from the previous version with new material. The materials on the flow of mountain glaciers, ice sheets, ice streams, and ice shelves have been combined into a single chapter entitled "The Flow of Ice Masses. - Completely updated and revised, with 30% new material including climate change - Accessible to students, and an essential guide for researchers - Authored by preeminent glaciologists
Book Synopsis The Global Coastal Ocean - Regional Studies and Syntheses by : Kenneth H. Brink
Download or read book The Global Coastal Ocean - Regional Studies and Syntheses written by Kenneth H. Brink and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 1096 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Principles of Glacier Mechanics by : Roger LeB. Hooke
Download or read book Principles of Glacier Mechanics written by Roger LeB. Hooke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-05 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principles of glacier physics are developed from basic laws in this up-to-date third edition for advanced students and researchers.
