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Modelling The Hydrodynamic Characteristics Of Gas Liquid Solid Fluidized Bed Using Artificial Neural Networks
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Book Synopsis Modelling the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Gas-Liquid-Solid Fluidized Bed Using Artificial Neural Networks by :
Download or read book Modelling the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Gas-Liquid-Solid Fluidized Bed Using Artificial Neural Networks written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas- iquid- olid fluidized beds are used extensively in the refining, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, food and environmental industries. The fundamental characteristics of a three-phase fluidized bed have been recently studied extensively. The reviews indicate the importance of the information of phase holdup and bed voidage characteristics, in the optimal design of a three-phase fluidized bed reactor. The various hydrodynamic parameters of three phase fluidized bed have been modeled using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). ANNs are good at modeling of non linear parameters, with the ability to generalize the relationships among the data. The data for developing the models has been generated using various correlations available from literature. These correlations are valid for different ranges of the variables. So, artificial neural networks are trained using this vast data range and a generalized model for the hydrodynamic parameters is developed. This project report can be divided mainly into three parts. The first part discusses about importance of gas-liquid-solid fluidized bed, their modes of operation, important hydrodynamic properties those have been studied either related to modeling and applications of gas-liquid-solid fluidized bed. The second part gives an overview of the basics of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and the various architectures of neural networks that are commonly used for modeling. The third part consists of the details of the problem description and the approach used by ANN to model the hydrodynamic characteristics. The results show that the model has been effective in generalizing the relationship of various hydrodynamic characteristics with their respective independent variables.
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Liquid-solid and Gas-liquid-solid Fluidized Beds by : Song-Hsing Chern
Download or read book Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Liquid-solid and Gas-liquid-solid Fluidized Beds written by Song-Hsing Chern and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamic Simulation of a Gas-liquid-solid Fluidized Bed by : Diana T. Matonis
Download or read book Hydrodynamic Simulation of a Gas-liquid-solid Fluidized Bed written by Diana T. Matonis and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamic Characteristic of Liquid-solid and Gas-liquid-solid Fluidized Beds by : Song-Hsing Chern
Download or read book Hydrodynamic Characteristic of Liquid-solid and Gas-liquid-solid Fluidized Beds written by Song-Hsing Chern and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamic Study of Three Phase Semi Fluidized Bed with Irregular and Homogeneous Binary Mixtures by :
Download or read book Hydrodynamic Study of Three Phase Semi Fluidized Bed with Irregular and Homogeneous Binary Mixtures written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluidization refers to a process by which a fluid like state is imparted to granular solid particles by the passing of a fluid upwards through the bed of particles. A semi fluidized bed is characterized by a fluidized bed and a packed bed in a series within a single contacting vessel. Gas-liquid-solid semi fluidization is defined as an operation in which a bed of solid particles is suspended in gas and/or liquid upward flowing media due to the net gravitational force on the particles and the motion of the particles is restricted by a top restraint. Such an operation generates intimate contact between the gas, liquid and solid particles in these systems and provides substantial advantages for applications in physical, Chemical and biochemical processing involving gas, liquid and solid phases. The experiments were conducted using liquid as the continuous phase and gas as the discontinuous phase. In this work air, water and dolomite (2.31mm, and 1.7mm) are used as the gas, liquid and solid phases respectively. The experiments were carried out in a 100 mm ID of 2m height vertical Plexiglas column. Knowledge of minimum liquid semi fluidization velocity is essential for the successful operation of gas-liquid-solid semi fluidized beds. Bed pressure measurements have been made to predict the values of the minimum liquid semi fluidization velocity. In the present work, hydrodynamic characteristics viz., the pressure drop, bed expansion of a co-current gas-liquid-solid semi fluidized bed has been studied. These have done in order to develop a good understanding of each of the flow regime in gas-liquid and liquid-solid semi fluidization. The effect of static bed height, particle size, liquid velocity and gas velocity on hydrodynamics parameters like minimum semi fluidization velocity, pressure drop, expansion ratio have been investigated. Experimental study based on statistical design has been made to investigate the expansion ratio of semi fluidized bed. The experimental val.
Book Synopsis The Hydrodynamic Behavior of an Inverse Liquid-solid Circulating Fluidized Bed by : Amin Jaberi
Download or read book The Hydrodynamic Behavior of an Inverse Liquid-solid Circulating Fluidized Bed written by Amin Jaberi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work the hydrodynamic behavior of an inverse liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed (ILSCFB) system was studied. In addition, the hydrodynamic characteristic of the inverse liquid-solid fluidization under the conventional fluidization regime was also studied. The system consists of a downer with an inner column diameter of 7.6 cm and a height of 5.4 meters, an upcomer (riser) with an inner column diameter of 20 cm, a separator, and feeding and returning pipes which connect the downer and the upcomer. Based on the axial hydrodynamic behavior of the ILSCFB, it was found that the axial solids holdup in the downer is uniform. Similar to the heavy-particle LSCFB, the circulating fluidization regime in the downer was separated into the two zones including the initial circulating fluidization zone and the fully developed circulating fluidized zone as a function of the total liquid velocity in the downer. The effects of the solids inventory and the counter current flow in the upcomer on the hydrodynamics of the downer were also studied. Afterwards, the radial distribution of particles was studied in the downer of the ILSCFB. Interestingly, the radial structure of the two-phase flow was completely different from the case of the heavy-particle LSCFB. It was found that the solids holdup was greater in the center than near the wall of the downer. Finally, the conventional (non-circulating) inverse liquid-solid fluidization was studied in a column with a large diameter for the first time. The minimum fluidization velocity was obtained experimentally and compared with the Richardson and Zaki model. It was concluded that the Richardson and Zaki model can predict the bed expansion in the case of the inverse liquid-solid fluidization when the terminal velocity was calculated by the model of free rising light particles.
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Gas/liquid/fiber Three-phase Flows Based on Objective and Minimally-intrusive Pressure Fluctuation Measurements by : Tao Xie
Download or read book Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Gas/liquid/fiber Three-phase Flows Based on Objective and Minimally-intrusive Pressure Fluctuation Measurements written by Tao Xie and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flow regime identification in industrial systems that rely on complex multi-phase flows is crucial for their safety, control, diagnostics, and operation. The objective of this investigation was to develop and demonstrate objective and minimally-intrusive flow regime classification methods for gas/water/paper pulp three-phase slurries, based on artificial neural network-assisted recognition of patterns in the statistical characteristics of pressure fluctuations. Experiments were performed in an instrumented three-phase bubble column featuring vertical, upward flow. The hydrodynamics of low consistency (LC) gas-liquid-fiber mixtures, over a wide range of superficial phase velocities, were investigated. Flow regimes were identified, gas holdup (void fraction) was measured, and near-wall pressure fluctuations were recorded using high-sensitivity pressure sensors. Artificial neural networks of various configurations were designed, trained and tested for the classification of flow regimes based on the recorded pressure fluctuation statistics. The feasibility of flow regime identification based on statistical properties of signals recorded by a single sensor was thereby demonstrated. The transportability of the developed method, whereby an artificial neural network trained and tested with a set of data is manipulated and used for the characterization of an unseen and different but plausibly similar data set, was also examined. An artificial neural network-based method was developed that used the power spectral characteristics of the normal pressure fluctuations as input, and its transportability between separate but in principle similar sensors was successfully demonstrated. An artificial neural network-based method was furthermore developed that enhances the transportability of the aforementioned artificial neural networks that were trained for flow pattern recognition. While a redundant system with multiple sensors is an obvious target application, such robustness of algorithms that provides transportability will also contribute to performance with a single sensor, shielding effects of calibration changes or sensor replacements.
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamic Study of Three Phase Fluidized Beds by : Ravindra Gaikwad
Download or read book Hydrodynamic Study of Three Phase Fluidized Beds written by Ravindra Gaikwad and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-01-01 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The general purpose of the experimental investigations described here has to study the hydrodynamic properties of gas-liquid fluidized beds. Gas -liquid fluidization of or three-phase fluidization is a chemical engineering operation where all the three phases are brought into contact with each other. This contact is brought about by passing the gas and liquid trough the bed of solids. The solids are said to be in a fluidized state when they are suspended in the continuous phase.Hydrodynamic properties such as gas hold-up, liquid hold-up and bed porosity have been studied. These properties depend upon certain independent variables such as gas flow rates, liquid flow rate, particle size, static bed heights, gas density, liquid density, solid density, liquid surface tension, liquid viscosity, gas viscosity and particle shape. During the course of this experimental investigation only four of these parameters have been varied, viz, gas flow rates, liquid flow rates, static bed height and particle size.The result of these experimental investigations is discussed and correlations have also been developed for the hydrodynamics properties studied.
Book Synopsis Numerical Simulation of the Hydrodynamic Behavior of a Gas-solid Fluidized Bed with and Without an Electric Field by : Forhad Md Hossain
Download or read book Numerical Simulation of the Hydrodynamic Behavior of a Gas-solid Fluidized Bed with and Without an Electric Field written by Forhad Md Hossain and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this investigation is to numerically predict the effect of an electric field on a two-dimensional gas-solid fluidized bed. The particles in the bed are taken to be of a uniform size and density forming the particulate phase with a gas (air) taken as the continuum phase. A hydrodynamic model of fluidization utilizes the principles of conservation of mass and momentum describing the multiphase flow equations along with the constitutive equations of gas-solid drag and solids stress. A two-dimensional unsteady-state computer code (K-Fix) was used to observe the effect of an electric field on the gas and solid velocities and the void fraction and pressure in the bed. Special case studies included that of a jet, a bubble, and two bubbles, with and without an electric field.
Book Synopsis Similitude of a High Pressure Three-phase Fluidized Bed Sbject to Foaming by : Dan Rudkevitch
Download or read book Similitude of a High Pressure Three-phase Fluidized Bed Sbject to Foaming written by Dan Rudkevitch and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamics of Gas-liquid-solid Fluidized and Semi-fluidized Beds by : Hara Mohan Jena
Download or read book Hydrodynamics of Gas-liquid-solid Fluidized and Semi-fluidized Beds written by Hara Mohan Jena and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Liquid Injection on Hydrodynamic Behavior in Gas-Solid Fluidized Bed Under Elevated Pressure by : Raymond Lau
Download or read book Effects of Liquid Injection on Hydrodynamic Behavior in Gas-Solid Fluidized Bed Under Elevated Pressure written by Raymond Lau and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamics and Solids Mixing in Liquid-solid and Gas-liquid-solid Fluidized Beds by : Rong-Her Jean
Download or read book Hydrodynamics and Solids Mixing in Liquid-solid and Gas-liquid-solid Fluidized Beds written by Rong-Her Jean and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrodynamics of Gas-Liquid-Solid Fluidized and Semi-Fluidized Beds by :
Download or read book Hydrodynamics of Gas-Liquid-Solid Fluidized and Semi-Fluidized Beds written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two-phase and three-phase fluidized beds have been applied successfully to many industrial processes such as in the H-oil process for hydrogenation and hydrodesulfurization of residual oil, the H-coal process for coal liquefaction, Fischer-Tropsch process, and the bio-oxidation process for wastewater treatment. A semi-fluidized bed has the advantages of both the packed and the fluidized beds as it can partly over come the disadvantages of a fluidized bed, namely back-mixing of solids, attrition of particles and erosion of surfaces, and those of a packed bed, such as non-uniformity in bed temperatures, segregation of solids and channeling. Semi-fluidized beds have been applied successfully to many industrial processes (physical, chemical and biochemical)such as in the filtration, adsorption, catalytic reactions, heavy metal removal and recovery, coal pyrolysis, bio-oxidation, ethanol fermentation, granule tablet manufacturing etc.
Book Synopsis Numerical Simulation of Liquid-Solid Circulating Fluidized Beds by : Abbas Dadashi
Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Liquid-Solid Circulating Fluidized Beds written by Abbas Dadashi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed (LSCFB) reactors are obtaining extensive attraction in the extraction process of functional proteins from industrial broth. A typical LSCFB is comprised of a riser, a downcomer, a liquid-solid separator, a top solids-return pipe and a bottom solids-return pipe. In light of the literature review conducted in this research, a detailed modeling of the protein extraction using an LSCFB ion-exchange system requires a microscopic study including hydrodynamic field, mass transfer and kinetics reactions. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to simulate the hydrodynamics of the two phase flow in an LSCFB riser. The model is based on Eulerian-Eulerian (E-E) approach incorporating the kinetic theory of granular flow. The predicted flow characteristics agree well with our earlier experimental data. Furthermore, the model can predict the residence time of both liquid and solid phases in the riser using a pulse technique. A numerical model was developed to predict the protein extraction process using an LSCFB ion exchange system. The model for the riser is an extension of the previous CFD hydrodynamic model for the riser incorporating the kinetics reaction. The model for the downcomer includes a one-dimensional mathematical model using the adsorption kinetics correlations. The numerical predictions were compared favorably with the experimental data from a lab-scale system. The model was used to investigate the effects of operating condition on the protein production rate and the system efficiency. For further study on the hydrodynamics in the downcomer of an LSCFB, the CFD technique was used to simulate the counter-current two phase flow in the downcomer. The model is based on E-E approach incorporating the kinetic theory of granular flow. The predicted results agree well with our earlier experimental data. Furthermore, it is shown that the bed expansion of the particles in the downcomer is directly affected by the superficial liquid velocity in downcomer and solids circulation rate. As results, it is demonstrated that the developed CFD model can be adapted to simulate and control the other applications of the LSCFB, such as wastewater treatment, petroleum and metallurgical industries.
Book Synopsis Study on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Swirling Fluidized Bed Using MATLAB Simulator by :
Download or read book Study on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Swirling Fluidized Bed Using MATLAB Simulator written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modelling on Gas-solid Fluidization in Bubbling Fluidized Beds and Circulating Fluidized Beds by : Md. Mizanur Rahman
Download or read book Modelling on Gas-solid Fluidization in Bubbling Fluidized Beds and Circulating Fluidized Beds written by Md. Mizanur Rahman and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fluidization model was developed by adopting the transport equations of the gas and solid phases and the constitutive relations for the solid phase derived by Ding [1]. Finite difference method was used for the numerical solution of the set of partial differential equations governing the gas solid two-phase flow. The develop model has the capability of treating a variety of boundary and initial conditions. The model was applied for the simulation of bubbling fluidization with a rectangular obstacle over a central jet and uniform gas distribution system a in a two-dimensional bed. The model was also applied for the computation of circulating fluidized (CFB) and to observe the effect of particle inelasticity on the hydrodynamics of CFB.
