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Author : Dave Fifield
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (993 download)
Download or read book Modelling Seabird Oil Spill Mortality Using Flight and Swim Behaviour written by Dave Fifield and published by . This book was released on 1900 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Modelling Seabird Oil Spill Mortality Using Flight and Swim Behaviour written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the current implementation, the oil slick remains stationary during the simulation and the oil is assumed to be uniformly dispersed on the surface within the circle. [...] The number of birds initially placed depends on the density of birds requested and the size of the area. [...] Yet, in the real world, birds at the periphery likely fly out of the area and other birds fly into the area from the outside. [...] Daylight period is calculated based on the time of sunrise and sunset at the centre of the simulation area on the simulation date. [...] The increased oiling rate at dawn is due to the bird's beginning to fly after having been stationary on the water overnight, while the increase at the end of the day is due to birds in flight over the oil landing in the slick at sunset.
Author : Nero and Associates
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Final Report, Seabird-oil Spill Behavior Study written by Nero and Associates and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nero and Associates
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Final Report, Seabird-oil Spill Behavior Study: Technical report written by Nero and Associates and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (933 download)
Download or read book Interpreting the Mortality of Seabirds Following the Nestucca Oil Spill of 1988-89 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 23 December 1988, the barge Nestucca was damaged off Gray's Harbour, Washington and 875,000 litres of Bunker C oil was spilled. The spill drifted northward, passing through concentrations of seabirds off Washington and Vancouver Island, resulting in a direct mortality of an estimated 56,000 birds. Many more were debilitated and perhaps died from side effects. This report attempts to explain the very high mortality rate of the seabirds, much higher relative to other spills of similar size. It reviews pertinent information on seabird distribution and behaviour and physical and biological oceanography from published and unpublished sources. The review identifies oceanic processes that might affect the distribution and abundance of seabirds in the region and focuses on ocean processes affecting overwintering seabirds, especially the two most affected species, the Common Mure and Cassin's Auklet.
Author : Michael Potthoff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)
Download or read book Combining Predicted Seabird Movements and Oil Drift Using Lagrangian Agent-Based Model Solutions written by Michael Potthoff and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In traditional oil spill risk assessments, the mortality of seabirds is typically assessed based on a simulated amount of oil combined with a statistical and static (seasonal mean) number of birds within a given grid cell. The size of the cell is typically in the order of 10 by 10 km. Cell averaging in a coarse Eulerian grid will inevitably introduce a high degree of uncertainty with respect to real impact, and due to the patchiness in seabird distribution may result in over-estimation of impacts outside high-density areas and underestimation within high-density patches. Lagrangian agent-based modelling of species movements and oil drift directly would provide consistent results independent of the grid resolution and, at the same time, provide a fine-scale resolution of potential impacts. The robustness of this approach is demonstrated for a potential oil spill in the Barents Sea in an area with a high density of Common Guillemot, followed by a discussion on how this approach can improve future risk assessments during oil spills.
Author : Eva Pongrácz
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030284042
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)
Download or read book Arctic Marine Sustainability written by Eva Pongrácz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest scientific views on resource use conflicts in the Arctic seas. The main areas of focus are the biological resources of Arctic seas vs. exploitation of oil and gas resources, and the conflicts in between. In addition, climate change is presented as a stressor, which both limits and facilitates the economic availability of resources in the Arctic. The book is divided into five parts. Part 1 examines Arctic ecosystems, resilience of the marine environment and possible conflicts between industrial sector and biological world. The focus of Part 2 is on transport infrastructure along the northern routes. Issues such as Arctic maritime operations, black carbon and unmanned aerial vehicles are considered. Part 3 focuses on resource use conflicts in Arctic seas and on the most recent threats in terms of Arctic oil and gas exploration, offshore logistics operations as well as transportation of oil and oil products. Discussions in Part 4 of the book are concentrated around social aspects and involvement of local communities. Tourism development, preservation of indigenous culture, engagement of communities on relevant Arctic issues, search and rescue in the cold marine environment are examples of questions raised. The book reviews Arctic-specific petroleum regulations, the state of preparedness to oil spill accidents in the region as well as the latest developments in oil spill response technologies and their limitations. Search and rescue operations are reviewed and how working in this harsh Arctic environment affects the ability of rescue technicians to perform the required technical skills. Part 5 considers the sustainability challenges arising from the marine resource exploitation. The focus is on the vulnerability of Arctic ecosystems to disturbance – both natural and anthropogenic.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 754 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book 5-year Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Leasing Program for January 1987 - December 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1126 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Yonggang Liu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118671821
Total Pages : 634 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)
Download or read book Monitoring and Modeling the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill written by Yonggang Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 195. Monitoring and Modeling the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: A Record-Breaking Enterprise presents an overview of some of the significant work that was conducted in immediate response to the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010. It includes studies of in situ and remotely sensed observations and laboratory and numerical model studies on the four-dimensional oceanographic conditions in the gulf and their influence on the distribution and fate of the discharged oil. Highlights of the book include discussions of the following: immediate responses to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill using Integrated Ocean Observing System resources; monitoring the surface and subsurface oil using satellites, aircraft, vessels, and AUVs; mapping the oceanographic conditions using satellites, aircraft, vessels, drifters, and moorings; modeling the spreading of surface oil trajectories and the three-dimensional dispersal of subsurface hydrocarbon plumes; oil spill risk analyses and statistical studies on the fate of the oil; and laboratory investigation of ocean stratification related to subsurface plumes. This book will be of value to scientists interested in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the Gulf of Mexico, and the potential for conveyance of oil spilled in the Gulf of Mexico to the North Atlantic. A more technical audience may include those interested in oil spill detection, trajectory model forecasting, and risk analyses and those with an interest in applied oceanography, including scientists, engineers, environmentalists, natural and living marine resource managers and students within academic institutions, agencies, and industries who are involved with the Gulf of Mexico and other regions with offshore oil and gas exploration and production.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Navarin basin lease offering written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 636 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Proposed Navarin Basin Lease Offering, (March 1984) written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 626 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Navarin Basin OCS (Outer Continental Shelf) Oil and Gas Lease Sale No.83, 1984 written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Understanding Oil Spills and Oil Spill Response written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309084385
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Oil in the Sea III written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-14 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030929889X
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. Arctic waters north of the Bering Strait and west of the Canadian border encompass a vast area that is usually ice covered for much of the year, but is increasingly experiencing longer periods and larger areas of open water due to climate change. Sparsely inhabited with a wide variety of ecosystems found nowhere else, this region is vulnerable to damage from human activities. As oil and gas, shipping, and tourism activities increase, the possibilities of an oil spill also increase. How can we best prepare to respond to such an event in this challenging environment? Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment reviews the current state of the science regarding oil spill response and environmental assessment in the Arctic region north of the Bering Strait, with emphasis on the potential impacts in U.S. waters. This report describes the unique ecosystems and environment of the Arctic and makes recommendations to provide an effective response effort in these challenging conditions. According to Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment, a full range of proven oil spill response technologies is needed in order to minimize the impacts on people and sensitive ecosystems. This report identifies key oil spill research priorities, critical data and monitoring needs, mitigation strategies, and important operational and logistical issues. The Arctic acts as an integrating, regulating, and mediating component of the physical, atmospheric and cryospheric systems that govern life on Earth. Not only does the Arctic serve as regulator of many of the Earth's large-scale systems and processes, but it is also an area where choices made have substantial impact on life and choices everywhere on planet Earth. This report's recommendations will assist environmentalists, industry, state and local policymakers, and anyone interested in the future of this special region to preserve and protect it from damaging oil spills.
Author : Melanie Bergmann
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319165100
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Marine Anthropogenic Litter written by Melanie Bergmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how man-made litter, primarily plastic, has spread into the remotest parts of the oceans and covers all aspects of this pollution problem from the impacts on wildlife and human health to socio-economic and political issues. Marine litter is a prime threat to marine wildlife, habitats and food webs worldwide. The book illustrates how advanced technologies from deep-sea research, microbiology and mathematic modelling as well as classic beach litter counts by volunteers contributed to the broad awareness of marine litter as a problem of global significance. The authors summarise more than five decades of marine litter research, which receives growing attention after the recent discovery of great oceanic garbage patches and the ubiquity of microscopic plastic particles in marine organisms and habitats. In 16 chapters, authors from all over the world have created a universal view on the diverse field of marine litter pollution, the biological impacts, dedicated research activities, and the various national and international legislative efforts to combat this environmental problem. They recommend future research directions necessary for a comprehensive understanding of this environmental issue and the development of efficient management strategies. This book addresses scientists, and it provides a solid knowledge base for policy makers, NGOs, and the broader public.
