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Modelling Coastal Vulnerability
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Book Synopsis Modelling Coastal Vulnerability by : Marcel Marchand
Download or read book Modelling Coastal Vulnerability written by Marcel Marchand and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Models that explore vulnerability under various planned and unplanned conditions hardly exist. This title focuses on the vulnerability of societies in low lying coastal and deltaic environments to tropical cyclonic storms and floods.
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Ocean and Coastal Environments by : Meenu Rani
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Ocean and Coastal Environments written by Meenu Rani and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-09-27 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing of Ocean and Coastal Environments advances the scientific understanding and application of technologies to address a variety of areas relating to sustainable development, including environmental systems analysis, environmental management, clean processes, green chemistry and green engineering. Through each contributed chapter, the book covers ocean remote sensing, ocean color monitoring, modeling biomass and the carbon of oceanic ecosystems, sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface salinity, ocean monitoring for oil spills and pollutions, coastal erosion and accretion measurement. This book is aimed at those with a common interest in oceanography techniques, sustainable development and other diverse backgrounds within earth and ocean science fields. This book is ideal for academicians, scientists, environmentalists, meteorologists, environmental consultants and computing experts working in the areas of earth and ocean sciences. Provides a comprehensive assessment of various ocean processes and their relative phenomena Includes graphical abstract and photosets in each chapter Presents literature reviews, case studies and applications
Book Synopsis Modeling Coastal Vulnerability of the St. Johns River and Northeastern Florida Shorelines by : Madison Elise Heppe
Download or read book Modeling Coastal Vulnerability of the St. Johns River and Northeastern Florida Shorelines written by Madison Elise Heppe and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coastal and riverine communities, with anthropogenic congestion and natural and economic resources, are vulnerable to climate change impacts including rising sea levels and increasing severity and frequency of storms. Coastal habitats are being increasingly recognized as natural infrastructure that provides resiliency against these stressors. However, few studies have analyzed coastal vulnerability at landscape scale with finely resolved spatial data that account for habitats and demographics. The purpose of this study is to map the coastal vulnerability of the St. Johns River and adjacent Northeastern Florida Atlantic shoreline within the St. Johns River Water Management District. Unique to this study is that natural habitats, different sea level rise scenarios, and human demographics are considered. Specifically, the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) 3.9.0 coastal vulnerability model with seven metrics (geomorphology, relief, natural habitats, sea level change, wave exposure, wind exposure, and surge potential) was used to create a coastal exposure index for shore points. Results showed vulnerability to erosion and flooding. Using three sea level rise scenarios (current, 2050 Intermediate-High, and 2100 Intermediate-High), it was found that (1) the coastal exposure indexes and habitat role values were spatially correlated; (2) rising sea levels increased the coastal exposure index and the role of habitats in providing protection; (3) vulnerability of population density and population below poverty density increased with higher sea levels and without habitats present; and (4) low vulnerability areas had high concentrations of mangroves. These results could be used to help prioritize which habitat types and where habitat protection and/or restoration is most needed for protecting shorelines and disadvantaged people. This type of coastal vulnerability study could aid resiliency planning efforts in Northeastern Florida and could be expanded upon for other socioeconomic, infrastructure, or ecosystem queries.
Author :Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :9781009157971 Total Pages :755 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (579 download)
Book Synopsis The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate by : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Book Synopsis Modeling Present and Future Physical Coastal Vulnerability to Climate Change by : Katelyn MacDonald
Download or read book Modeling Present and Future Physical Coastal Vulnerability to Climate Change written by Katelyn MacDonald and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IPCC has identified small islands and coastal zones among regions most vulnerable to climate change. The geomorphological characteristics of Prince Edward Island (PEI), such as highly erodible sandstone bedrock and low elevation, contribute to a high degree of physical vulnerability to climate change. The province is highly susceptible to physical impacts of climate change including relative sea-level rise and increased rates of coastline retreat. In order to assess the physical coastal vulnerability of the ParCA study area of the North Shore, PEI, a model employing Geographic Information Systems (GIS), multi-criteria evaluation (MCE), and time step analysis is formulated. The physical vulnerability of the North Shore for the year 2010 was quantified in terms of wind-wave exposure condition, morphological resiliency, and permanent and episodic flood risk. These results are employed as model inputs to predict the shoreline for the subsequent time steps (2050, 2100), which are again analyzed to estimate future physical coastal vulnerability. Such an approach allows for updated predictions in intent to improve accuracy when compared to linear extrapolation. Finally, areas of highest priority for adaptation measures are quantified for each time step. This physical vulnerability analysis together with community-based and socioeconomic coastal vulnerability analyses will portray the comprehensive vulnerability of the North Shore to current and future effects of climate change.
Book Synopsis Assessing Coastal Vulnerability by :
Download or read book Assessing Coastal Vulnerability written by and published by UNEP/Earthprint. This book was released on 2005 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Coasts, Oceans, Ports and Rivers Institute (American Society of Civil Engineers) Publisher :Amer Society of Civil Engineers ISBN 13 :9780784411858 Total Pages :954 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (118 download)
Book Synopsis Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2011 by : Coasts, Oceans, Ports and Rivers Institute (American Society of Civil Engineers)
Download or read book Solutions to Coastal Disasters 2011 written by Coasts, Oceans, Ports and Rivers Institute (American Society of Civil Engineers) and published by Amer Society of Civil Engineers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection contains 79 papers addressing the challenges and lessons learned along the coastlines of the world, presented at the 2011 Solutions to Coastal Disasters Conference, held in Anchorage, Alaska, June 25-29, 2011.
Book Synopsis Sea-Level Rise for the Coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington by : National Research Council
Download or read book Sea-Level Rise for the Coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tide gauges show that global sea level has risen about 7 inches during the 20th century, and recent satellite data show that the rate of sea-level rise is accelerating. As Earth warms, sea levels are rising mainly because ocean water expands as it warms; and water from melting glaciers and ice sheets is flowing into the ocean. Sea-level rise poses enormous risks to the valuable infrastructure, development, and wetlands that line much of the 1,600 mile shoreline of California, Oregon, and Washington. As those states seek to incorporate projections of sea-level rise into coastal planning, they asked the National Research Council to make independent projections of sea-level rise along their coasts for the years 2030, 2050, and 2100, taking into account regional factors that affect sea level. Sea-Level Rise for the Coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington: Past, Present, and Future explains that sea level along the U.S. west coast is affected by a number of factors. These include: climate patterns such as the El Niño, effects from the melting of modern and ancient ice sheets, and geologic processes, such as plate tectonics. Regional projections for California, Oregon, and Washington show a sharp distinction at Cape Mendocino in northern California. South of that point, sea-level rise is expected to be very close to global projections. However, projections are lower north of Cape Mendocino because the land is being pushed upward as the ocean plate moves under the continental plate along the Cascadia Subduction Zone. However, an earthquake magnitude 8 or larger, which occurs in the region every few hundred to 1,000 years, would cause the land to drop and sea level to suddenly rise.
Book Synopsis Risk Assessment of Storms in Coastal Zones: Case Studies from Cartagena (Colombia) and Cadiz (Spain) by : Nelson Rangel-Buitrago
Download or read book Risk Assessment of Storms in Coastal Zones: Case Studies from Cartagena (Colombia) and Cadiz (Spain) written by Nelson Rangel-Buitrago and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-16 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assists the reader in determining storm risks, focussing on sandy coasts and cliff coasts in the context of expected sea level rise from littoral transformation and climate change. It examines storm impacts through matrixes concerning physical parameters, socio-economic activities, ecological and historic resources, and it presents the Coastline Risk to Storms Index as a single numerical measure of the risk for a given area. The methodology is described and tested against two coastal areas: one in the Caribbean Sea (Cartagena, Colombia) and the other on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean (Cadiz, Spain). Both areas record an important flow of tourists associated with the “sun, sea and sand market” which represents an economic recourse for the hinterland too. Chapters describe this approach and explore three particular types of variables: i) the forcing variables contributing to storm-induced erosion, ii) dynamic variables that determine the resilience to erosion (Susceptibility) and iii) the vulnerable targets grouped in three different contexts (socio-economic, ecological and heritage). These are combined into two separate indices, the Hazard Index (combining forcing and susceptibility) and the Vulnerability Index, which together constitute the Coastline Risk to Storms Index. Maps created using this semi-quantitative approximation method can help to determine the causes, processes and consequences of storm-related processes. This book is therefore important to anyone considering coastal development programs, especially decision-makers: the work presented here can assist in the development of preventative management strategies for the most vulnerable areas.
Book Synopsis Assessing Coastal Vulnerability to Storm Surge and Wave Impacts with Projected Sea Level Rise Within the Salish Sea by : Nathan R. VanArendonk
Download or read book Assessing Coastal Vulnerability to Storm Surge and Wave Impacts with Projected Sea Level Rise Within the Salish Sea written by Nathan R. VanArendonk and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sea level rise (SLR) in the Salish Sea, a large inland waterway shared between Canada and the United States, is expected to be 0.3 to 1.8 m by the year 2100. Uncertainty in greenhouse gas emissions, global ice sheet loss, and other controls such as vertical land movement all contribute to this range. Valuable property, infrastructure, and critical habitats for shellfish and threatened salmon populations are at risk to coastal changes associated with SLR. Additionally, development in Washington State is expected to accelerate through the end of the 21st century adding extra pressure on protecting ecosystems and people from natural hazards along the coast. Global climate models (GCMs) predict increases in temperature and changes in precipitation, yet little is known about the impacts of climate change on the local wave climate. Understanding the dynamic interactions that SLR and climate change will have on the wave climate and coastal systems within the Salish Sea is vital for protecting these resources and planning for the future. In support of the Washington Coastal Resilience Project and the United States Geological Survey Coastal Change Impacts Project, I modeled historic and potential future waves in the Salish Sea to evaluate the extent that wave energy reaching the shore may change with 0.3, 0.6, and 0.91 m of SLR. I also assessed potential changes in future wind conditions that drive wave generation projected by the publicly available MACA (Multivariate Adaptive Constructed Analogs) downscaled NOAA GFDL-ESM2M (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Earth Systems Model) GCM. Lastly, I modeled wave runup to assess potential flood and wave impacts along the shore to the year 2100 as part of a case study in support of the City of Tacoma's climate adaptation planning for parks, sensitive habitats and significant commercial development along Ruston Way. his project generated the first regional wave model and historical hindcast within the Salish Sea to define the recurrence frequency of a range of extreme events and resolve their variability alongshore at spatial scales relevant for planning. Existing models of future climate indicate little change in extreme wind speeds, but potential changes in wind direction that could affect waves. Model results indicate that annual extreme deep water waves ( -10 m NAVD88 depth) may increase up to 30 cm under 0.91 m of SLR with the greatest change occurring in shallow embayments and large river deltas where higher water levels will reduce depth limitation and influence fetch. Wave runup modeling along the demonstration site of Ruston Way in Tacoma, showed that extreme coastal water levels reaching and exceeding the Federal Emergency Management Agency 100-yr Base Flood Elevation (BFE) will significantly increase under 0.85 m of SLR, the 50% probabilistic estimate by 2100 for the city of Tacoma. While the dominant exposure of shorelines to flooding is along south-facing coasts, wave runup modeling elucidated that extreme water levels causing flooding are sensitive to waves and wind stress, especially important along north facing shorelines. Equally important is the finding that intermediate disturbances driving flooding will significantly increase in frequency with sea level rise; today's 10-yr recurrence storm event under 0.85 m of SLR was projected to exceed FEMA's 100-yr BFE across more than 50% of locations modeled along Ruston Way, suggesting that FEMA's BFE may be biased low for projected future sea level change. In the Salish Sea, SLR is expected to drive an increase in coastal flooding extent and frequency where waves amplify the impacts of higher static water levels and further elevate the water surface.
Book Synopsis Resilient Urban Futures by : Zoé A. Hamstead
Download or read book Resilient Urban Futures written by Zoé A. Hamstead and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book addresses the way in which urban and urbanizing regions profoundly impact and are impacted by climate change. The editors and authors show why cities must wage simultaneous battles to curb global climate change trends while adapting and transforming to address local climate impacts. This book addresses how cities develop anticipatory and long-range planning capacities for more resilient futures, earnest collaboration across disciplines, and radical reconfigurations of the power regimes that have institutionalized the disenfranchisement of minority groups. Although planning processes consider visions for the future, the editors highlight a more ambitious long-term positive visioning approach that accounts for unpredictability, system dynamics and equity in decision-making. This volume brings the science of urban transformation together with practices of professionals who govern and manage our social, ecological and technological systems to design processes by which cities may achieve resilient urban futures in the face of climate change.
Book Synopsis Understanding Coastal Land Use Change (CLUC) and Modeling on Resilience Planning Process by : Tao Wu
Download or read book Understanding Coastal Land Use Change (CLUC) and Modeling on Resilience Planning Process written by Tao Wu and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With increasing population growth and urban sprawl, many coastal lowlands are unprecedentedly vulnerable to climate change impacts such as sea level rise (SLR), increasing extreme storm events, coastal flooding, and shoreline erosion. Coastal resilience & sustainable development is an antidote to the vulnerability that aims to enhance the capability of absorbing disturbances and resisting uncertainty. Chapter 2 in this dissertation focuses on the importance of incorporating an understanding of the changing coastal land-ocean interaction into urban planning and adaptive management strategies. Typical sites in Connecticut were selected to demonstrate four coastal land use change (CLUC) models and the correlation with human activities and natural forces in the social-ecological interaction. The results reveal that conventional management responding to risks emphasizes holding back disturbance and short-term solutions, while resilient management focuses on building the capacity to absorb and recover from the disturbances in conjunction with comprehensive and sustainable goals. Adaptive management strategies embrace the changing environment and are proactive to reduce coastal vulnerability and increase resilience. Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 explore to build a quantitative assessment framework to measure vulnerability and resilience, aiming to provide an objective and comparable method to understand the strength and weakness of a system in a given region. The results reveal that coastal vulnerability is positively related to hazard exposure, land use intensity, and social-economic susceptibility. Coastal resilience looks to the aspects of essential livelihood protection, infrastructure maintenance and improvement, emergency facilities and institutions, as well as the floodplain management regulations, adaptive and inclusive planning process to reduce vulnerability. Chapter 5 proposes a model of a resilience planning process based on the research of coastal vulnerability and resilience. The key points of coastal resilience planning are considering the long-term climate change trends and urban development needs and embracing the uncertainty. The planning goals focus not only on hazard mitigation but also on capacity building, sustainable development, and smart growth. Resilience planning is not a static and one-time process. Instead, it is a dynamic and iterative process to reflect the adaptive loop of understanding, experimenting, and innovating, and requires multi-stakeholder engagement and public participation.
Book Synopsis Coastal Risk Assessment by : Ansar Khan
Download or read book Coastal Risk Assessment written by Ansar Khan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-22 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses how to collect data and analyze databases in order to map risk zones, and contributes to developing a conceptual framework for coastal risk assessment. Further, the book primarily focuses on a specific case study: the Bay of Bengal along the southeastern coast of India. The dramatic rise in losses and casualties due to natural disasters like wind, storm-surge-induced flooding, seismic hazards and tsunami incidence along this coast over the past few decades has prompted a major national scientific initiative investigating the probable causes and possible mitigation strategies. As such, geoscientists are called upon to analyze the coastal hazards by anticipating the changes in and impacts of extreme weather hazards on the Bay of Bengal coasts as a result of global climate change and local sea-level change.
Book Synopsis Sea Level Rise and the Vulnerability of Coastal Peoples by : Anthony Oliver-Smith
Download or read book Sea Level Rise and the Vulnerability of Coastal Peoples written by Anthony Oliver-Smith and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Climate Change and Island and Coastal Vulnerability by : J. Sundaresan
Download or read book Climate Change and Island and Coastal Vulnerability written by J. Sundaresan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Climate Change and Island and Coastal Vulnerability” is the outcome of a selection of peer reviewed edited papers presented at the International Workshop on Climate Change and Island Vulnerability (IWCCI) held at Kadmat Island, Lakshadweep, India in October 2010. Marine and coastal biodiversity, sea level rise vulnerability, fisheries, climate change impact on livelihood options, water and sanitation in island ecosystem and mitigation, adaptation and governance are the focal themes. The basic concept conveyed in the book is that biodiversity of islands is to be protected as a natural mechanism to mitigate climate change. Probability recurrence of mass coral bleaching and the management of coral reefs and their future protection are discussed in this book. Marine productivity and climate change for the last ten thousand years in the Arabian Sea have been examined with core records. Green technology is suggested as an important tool for mitigation and adaptation programmes in climate change. Measures taken to project biomass utilisation of islands as an energy source is delineated. Climate change may pose a potential threat on human health. Improved sanitation packages and models that are cost effective and environment-friendly for islands are uniquely presented in this book.
Download or read book Coastal Storms written by Paolo Ciavola and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive introduction to coastal storms and their associated impacts Coastal Storms offers students and professionals in the field a comprehensive overview and groundbreaking text that is specifically devoted to the analysis of coastal storms. Based on the most recent knowledge and contributions from leading researchers, the text examines coastal storms’ processes and characteristics, the main hazards (such as overwash, inundation and flooding, erosion, structures overtopping), and how to monitor and model storms. The authors include information on the most advanced innovations in forecasting, prediction, and early warning, which serves as a foundation for accurate risk evaluation and developing adequate coastal indicators and management options. In addition, structural overtopping and damage are explained, taking into account the involved hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes. The monitoring methods of coastal storms are analyzed based on recent results from research projects in Europe and the United States. Methods for vulnerability and risk evaluation are detailed, storm impact indicators are suggested for different hazards and coastal management procedures analyzed. This important resource includes: Comprehensive coverage of storms and associated impacts, including meteorological coastal storm definitions and related potential consequences A state-of-the-art reference for advanced students, professionals and researchers in the field Chapters on monitoring methods of coastal storms, their prediction, early warning systems, and modeling of consequences Explorations of methods for vulnerability and risk evaluation and suggestions for storm impact indicators for different hazards and coastal management procedures Coastal Storms is a compilation of scientific and policy-related knowledge related to climate-related extreme events. The authors are internationally recognized experts and their work reflects the most recent science and policy advances in the field.
Book Synopsis A Guide to Modeling Coastal Morphology by : Dano Roelvink
Download or read book A Guide to Modeling Coastal Morphology written by Dano Roelvink and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process-based morphodynamic modelling is one of the relatively new tools at the disposal of coastal scientists, engineers and managers. On paper, it offers the possibility to analyse morphological processes and to investigate the effects of various measures one might consider to alleviate some problems. For these to be applied in practice, a model should be relatively straightforward to set up. It should be accurate enough to represent the details of interest, it should run long enough and robustly to see the real effects happen, and the physical processes represented in such a way that the sediment generally goes in the right direction at the right rate. Next, practitioners must be able to judge if the patterns and outcomes of the model are realistic and finally, translate these colour pictures and vector plots to integrated parameters that are relevant to the client or end user. In a nutshell, this book provides an in-depth review of ways to model coastal processes, including many hands-on exercises.
