Modelling And Simulation Of Human Environment Interactions

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Modelling and Simulation of Human-Environment Interactions

Author : Philippe J Giabbanelli
Publisher : Mdpi AG
ISBN 13 : 9783036528083
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Modelling and Simulation of Human-Environment Interactions by : Philippe J Giabbanelli

Download or read book Modelling and Simulation of Human-Environment Interactions written by Philippe J Giabbanelli and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2021-12-31 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational models provide intelligent environmental decision support systems to understand how human decisions are shaped by, and contribute to changes in, the environment. These models provide essential tools to tackle the important issues raised by climate change, including migrations and conflicts due to resource scarcity (e.g., water resources), while accounting for the necessity of co-managing ecosystems across a population of stakeholders with diverse goals. Such socio-environmental systems are characterized by their complexity, which is reflected by an abundance of open questions. This book explores several of these open questions, based on the contributions from over 50 authors. The book starts with a review of quantitative methods to model human responses to changes in water resources availability. Water resources are then examined comprehensively from a data science lens, focusing on the creation of an ambitious interdisciplinary platform to facilitate data collection and analysis across hundreds of variables. The feasibility of using novel data sources to create detailed models of socio-environmental systems is further exemplified via a study integrating real-time sensor data into an agent-based model, thus illustrating the two growing research themes of Internet of Things (IoT) and smart cities. As the development of a smart city represents only one of several possible futures, we complement this study with a scenario focused on urban shrinkage, thus illustrating the flexibility of agent-based models at representing different dynamic phenomena in the context of socio-environmental systems. To stress the importance of engaging local stakeholders in managing these systems, we also show how human factors can be included in modeling studies via mixed methods, by transforming the mental models of individuals into rules for agent-based models. While several books account for methodological developments in modeling socio-environmental systems, our book is unique in combining case studies, methodological innovations, and a holistic approach to training the next generation of modelers. One chapter covers the ontological, epistemological, and ethical issues raised at the intersection of sustainability research and social simulation. In another chapter, we show that the benefits of simulations are not limited to managing complex eco-systems, as they can also serve an educational mission in teaching essential rules and thus improve systems thinking competencies in the broader population.

Modelling and Simulation of Human Behaviour in System Control

Author : Pietro C. Cacciabue
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447115678
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Modelling and Simulation of Human Behaviour in System Control by : Pietro C. Cacciabue

Download or read book Modelling and Simulation of Human Behaviour in System Control written by Pietro C. Cacciabue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Advances in Industrial Control aims to report and encourage technology transfer in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology impacts all areas of the control discipline. New theory, new controllers, actuators, sensors, new industrial processes, computing methods, new applications, new philosophies . . . , new challenges. Much of the development work resides in industrial reports, feasibility study papers and the reports of advanced collaborative projects. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of such new work in all aspects of industrial control for wider and rapid dissemination. The potentially devastating effect of an operator making the wrong decision in the control of a highly automated system or process is well known. However as even more large-scale automated systems become likely, for example automated highways for cars, it is increasingly important to be able to assess the safety of these mixed or joint systems. Carlo Cacciabue's monograph on the modelling and simulation of these mixed processes of technological systems and human operators is extremely timely. The monograph provides an up-to-date and systematic presentation of the basic concepts and tools needed. This comprehensive coverage of the subject also includes a review of the last twenty years of research effort in the field.

An Agent-based Simulation Model of Human-environment Interactions as Applied to Soil Fertility Management Practices in Northwestern Vietnam

Download An Agent-based Simulation Model of Human-environment Interactions as Applied to Soil Fertility Management Practices in Northwestern Vietnam PDF Online Free

Author : Dang Viet Quang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783954041602
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (416 download)

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Book Synopsis An Agent-based Simulation Model of Human-environment Interactions as Applied to Soil Fertility Management Practices in Northwestern Vietnam by : Dang Viet Quang

Download or read book An Agent-based Simulation Model of Human-environment Interactions as Applied to Soil Fertility Management Practices in Northwestern Vietnam written by Dang Viet Quang and published by . This book was released on 2012-07-24 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Simulation of Ecological and Environmental Models

Author : Miguel F. Acevedo
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466553898
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Simulation of Ecological and Environmental Models by : Miguel F. Acevedo

Download or read book Simulation of Ecological and Environmental Models written by Miguel F. Acevedo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the importance of interdisciplinary work in sustainability, Simulation of Ecological and Environmental Models introduces the theory and practice of modeling and simulation as applied in a variety of disciplines that deal with earth systems, the environment, ecology, and human-nature interactions. Based on the author's many years of teaching g

Concepts and Methodologies for Modeling and Simulation

Author : Levent Yilmaz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319150960
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Concepts and Methodologies for Modeling and Simulation by : Levent Yilmaz

Download or read book Concepts and Methodologies for Modeling and Simulation written by Levent Yilmaz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-08 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive text presents cutting-edge advances in the theory and methodology of modeling and simulation (M&S) and reveals how this work has been influenced by the fundamental contributions of Prof. Tuncer Ören to this field. Exploring the synergies among the domains of M&S and systems engineering (SE), the book describes how M&S and SE can help to address the complex problems identified as “Grand Challenges” more effectively under a model-driven and simulation-directed systems engineering framework. Features: examines frameworks for the development of advanced simulation methodologies; presents a focus on advanced modeling methodologies; reviews the reliability and quality assurance of models; discusses the specification and simulation of human and social behavior, including models of personality, emotions, conflict management, perception and anticipation; provides a survey of the body of knowledge in M&S; highlights the foundations established by the pioneering work of Prof. Tuncer Ören.

Behavioral Modeling and Simulation

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030911862X
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioral Modeling and Simulation by : National Research Council

Download or read book Behavioral Modeling and Simulation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-07-04 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's military missions have shifted away from fighting nation states using conventional weapons toward combating insurgents and terrorist networks in a battlespace in which the attitudes and behaviors of civilian noncombatants may be the primary effects of military actions. To support these new missions, the military services are increasingly interested in using models of the behavior of humans, as individuals and in groups of various kinds and sizes. Behavioral Modeling and Simulation reviews relevant individual, organizational, and societal (IOS) modeling research programs, evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the programs and their methodologies, determines which have the greatest potential for military use, and provides guidance for the design of a research program to effectively foster the development of IOS models useful to the military. This book will be of interest to model developers, operational military users of the models and their managers, and government personnel making funding decisions regarding model development.

Agent-based Modeling and Simulation in Archaeology

Author : Gabriel Wurzer
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331900008X
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Agent-based Modeling and Simulation in Archaeology by : Gabriel Wurzer

Download or read book Agent-based Modeling and Simulation in Archaeology written by Gabriel Wurzer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-08 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archaeology has been historically reluctant to embrace the subject of agent-based simulation, since it was seen as being used to "re-enact" and "visualize" possible scenarios for a wider (generally non-scientific) audience, based on scarce and fuzzy data. Furthermore, modeling "in exact terms" and programming as a means for producing agent-based simulations were simply beyond the field of the social sciences. This situation has changed quite drastically with the advent of the internet age: Data, it seems, is now ubiquitous. Researchers have switched from simply collecting data to filtering, selecting and deriving insights in a cybernetic manner. Agent-based simulation is one of the tools used to glean information from highly complex excavation sites according to formalized models, capturing essential properties in a highly abstract and yet spatial manner. As such, the goal of this book is to present an overview of techniques used and work conducted in that field, drawing on the experience of practitioners.

Human Performance Modeling in Aviation

Author : David C. Foyle
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420062984
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (629 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Performance Modeling in Aviation by : David C. Foyle

Download or read book Human Performance Modeling in Aviation written by David C. Foyle and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-12-07 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the six-year NASA Aviation Safety and Security Program Human Performance Modeling project, a collaboration of five teams from industry and academia, Human Performance Modeling in Aviation chronicles the results of modeling NASA-supplied data on two aviation flight deck problems: pilot surface operations taxi errors, and approach and landing with synthetic vision systems. The book provides a deep understanding of the aviation problems and “what-if” system redesigns of flight deck technologies and procedures. Five modeling teams describe how they applied their models to these two problems and discuss the results in terms of the specific problems addressed, the modeling challenges faced, and the modeling solutions developed to address complex, real-world situations. The book then compares the five modeling tools used, shedding light on the unique approach that each brings to bear on two qualitatively different problems. It includes a “virtual roundtable discussion” that poses questions to each of the five teams and offers take-home lessons and insights into the modeling process and its complexities. The modeling teams also explore the issue of model validation and the approach that they adopted. Concluding with a summary of how modeling fits into the system design and evaluation process, the text covers state-of-the-art advances in human performance modeling for complex systems. Critical for modeling aviation-domain tasks, these modeling capabilities can also be applied to other complex-system domains such as process control, medical applications, surface transportation, and military command and control, which share similar human-system interaction issues.

The Profession of Modeling and Simulation

Author : Andreas Tolk
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119288088
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis The Profession of Modeling and Simulation by : Andreas Tolk

Download or read book The Profession of Modeling and Simulation written by Andreas Tolk and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-07-24 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definite guide to the theory, knowledge, technical expertise, and ethical considerations that define the M&S profession From traffic control to disaster management, supply chain analysis to military logistics, healthcare management to new drug discovery, modeling and simulation (M&S) has become an essential tool for solving countless real-world problems. M&S professionals are now indispensable to how things get done across virtually every aspect of modern life. This makes it all the more surprising that, until now, no effort has been made to systematically codify the core theory, knowledge, and technical expertise needed to succeed as an M&S professional. This book brings together contributions from experts at the leading edge of the modeling and simulation profession, worldwide, who share their priceless insights into issues which are fundamental to professional success and career development in this critically important field. Running as a common thread throughout the book is an emphasis on several key aspects of the profession, including the essential body of knowledge underlying the M&S profession; the technical discipline of M&S; the ethical standards that should guide professional conduct; and the economic and commercial challenges today’s M&S professionals face. • Demonstrates applications of M&S tools and techniques in a variety of fields—such as engineering, operations research, and cyber environments—with over 500 types of simulations • Highlights professional and academic aspects of the field, including preferred programming languages, professional academic and certification programs, and key international societies • Shows why M&S professionals must be fully versed in the theory, concepts, and tools needed to address the challenges of cyber environments The Profession of Modeling and Simulation is a valuable resource for M&S practitioners, developers, and researchers working in industry and government. Simulation professionals, including administrators, managers, technologists, faculty members, and scholars within the physical sciences, life sciences, and engineering fields will find it highly useful, as will students planning to pursue a career in the M&S profession. “ …nearly three dozen experts in Modeling and Simulation (M&S) come together to make a compelling case for the recognition of M&S as a profession… Important reading for anyone seeking to elevate the standing of this vital field.” Alfred (Al) Grasso, President & CEO, The MITRE Corporation Andreas Tolk, PhD, is Technology Integrator for the Modeling, Simulation, Experimentation, and Analytics Division of The MITRE Corporation, an adjunct professor in the Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering and the Department for Modeling, Simulation, and Visualization Engineering at Old Dominion University, and an SCS fellow. Tuncer Ören, PhD, is Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at the University of Ottawa. He is an SCS fellow and an inductee to SCS Modeling and Simulation Hall of Fame. His research interests include advancing methodologies, ethics, body of knowledge, and terminology of modeling and simulation.

Modelling Human-Environment Interactions in and beyond Prehistoric Europe

Author : Samuel Seuru
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031343360
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Modelling Human-Environment Interactions in and beyond Prehistoric Europe by : Samuel Seuru

Download or read book Modelling Human-Environment Interactions in and beyond Prehistoric Europe written by Samuel Seuru and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-25 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers insight into the relationship between prehistoric and protohistoric human populations and the world around them. It reconstructs key aspects of the palaeoenvironment – from large-scale drivers of environmental conditions, such as climate, to more regional variables such as vegetation cover and faunal communities. The volume underscores how computational archaeology is leading the way in the study of past human-environment interactions across spatial and chronological scales. With the increased availability of high-resolution climate models, agent-based modelling, palaeoecological proxies and the mature use of Geographic Information System in ecological modelling, archaeologists working in interdisciplinary settings are well-positioned to explore the intersection of human systems and environmental affordances and constraints. These methodological advancements provide a better understanding of the role humans played in past ecosystems – both in terms of their impact upon the environment and, in return, the impact of environmental conditions on human systems. They may also allow us to infer past ecological knowledge and land-use patterns that are historically contingent, rather than environmentally determined. This volume gathers contributions that combine reconstructions of past environments and archeological data with a view to exploring their complex interactions at different scales and invites scholars from varying disciplines and backgrounds to present and compare different modelling approaches.

New Horizons in Modeling and Simulation for Social Epidemiology and Public Health

Author : Daniel Kim
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118589572
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)

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Book Synopsis New Horizons in Modeling and Simulation for Social Epidemiology and Public Health by : Daniel Kim

Download or read book New Horizons in Modeling and Simulation for Social Epidemiology and Public Health written by Daniel Kim and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-01-28 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to state-of-the-art modeling and simulation approaches for social and economic determinants of population health New Horizons in Modeling and Simulation for Social Epidemiology and Public Health offers a comprehensive introduction to modeling and simulation that addresses the many complex research questions in social epidemiology and public health. This book highlights a variety of practical applications and illustrative examples with a focus on modeling and simulation approaches for the social and economic determinants of population health. The book contains classic case examples in agent-based modeling (ABM) as well as essential information on ABM applications to public health including for infectious disease modeling, obesity, and tobacco control. This book also surveys applications of microsimulation (MSM) including of tax-benefit policies to project impacts of the social determinants of health. Specifically, this book: Provides an overview of the social determinants of health and the public health significance of addressing the social determinants of health Gives a conceptual foundation for the application of ABM and MSM to study the social determinants of health Offers methodological introductions to both ABM and MSM approaches with illustrative examples Includes cutting-edge systematic reviews of empirical applications of ABM and MSM in the social sciences, social epidemiology, and public health Discusses future directions for empirical research using ABM and MSM, including integrating aspects of both ABM and MSM and implications for public health policies Written for a broad audience of policy analysts, public planners, and researchers and practitioners in public health and public policy including social epidemiologists, New Horizons in Modeling and Simulation for Social Epidemiology and Public Health offers a fundamental guide to the social determinants of health and state-of-the-art applications of ABM and MSM to studying the social and economic determinants of population health.

Modeling Human–System Interaction

Author : Thomas B. Sheridan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119275261
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Human–System Interaction by : Thomas B. Sheridan

Download or read book Modeling Human–System Interaction written by Thomas B. Sheridan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-04 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents theories and models to examine how humans interact with complex automated systems, including both empirical and theoretical methods. Provides examples of models appropriate to the four stages of human-system interaction Examines in detail the philosophical underpinnings and assumptions of modeling Discusses how a model fits into "doing science" and the considerations in garnering evidence and arriving at beliefs for the modeled phenomena Modeling Human-System Interaction is a reference for professionals in industry, academia and government who are researching, designing and implementing human-technology systems in transportation, communication, manufacturing, energy, and health care sectors.

The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook

Author : Andrew Sears
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781410606723
Total Pages : 1330 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (67 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook by : Andrew Sears

Download or read book The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook written by Andrew Sears and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-09-01 with total page 1330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook: Fundamentals, Evolving Technologies, and Emerging Applications is a comprehensive survey of this fast-paced field that is of interest to all HCI practitioners, educators, consultants, and researchers. This includes computer scientists; industrial, electrical, and computer engineers; cognitive scientists; exp

Human-in-the-Loop Simulations

Author : Ling Rothrock
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0857298836
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (572 download)

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Book Synopsis Human-in-the-Loop Simulations by : Ling Rothrock

Download or read book Human-in-the-Loop Simulations written by Ling Rothrock and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human-in-the-Loop Simulations is a compilation of articles from experts in the design, development, and use of human-in-the-loop simulations. The first section of the handbook consists of papers on fundamental concepts in human-in-the-loop simulations, such as object-oriented simulation development, interface design and development, and performance measurement. The second section includes papers from researchers who utilized HITL simulations to inform models of cognitive processes to include decision making and metacognition. The last section describes human-in-the-loop processes for complex simulation models in trade space exploration and epidemiological analyses. Human-in-the-Loop Simulations is a useful tool for multiple audiences, including graduate students and researchers in engineering and computer science.

Spatial Simulation

Author : David O'Sullivan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119970792
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Spatial Simulation by : David O'Sullivan

Download or read book Spatial Simulation written by David O'Sullivan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-10 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A ground-up approach to explaining dynamic spatial modelling for an interdisciplinary audience. Across broad areas of the environmental and social sciences, simulation models are an important way to study systems inaccessible to scientific experimental and observational methods, and also an essential complement to those more conventional approaches. The contemporary research literature is teeming with abstract simulation models whose presentation is mathematically demanding and requires a high level of knowledge of quantitative and computational methods and approaches. Furthermore, simulation models designed to represent specific systems and phenomena are often complicated, and, as a result, difficult to reconstruct from their descriptions in the literature. This book aims to provide a practical and accessible account of dynamic spatial modelling, while also equipping readers with a sound conceptual foundation in the subject, and a useful introduction to the wide-ranging literature. Spatial Simulation: Exploring Pattern and Process is organised around the idea that a small number of spatial processes underlie the wide variety of dynamic spatial models. Its central focus on three ‘building-blocks’ of dynamic spatial models – forces of attraction and segregation, individual mobile entities, and processes of spread – guides the reader to an understanding of the basis of many of the complicated models found in the research literature. The three building block models are presented in their simplest form and are progressively elaborated and related to real world process that can be represented using them. Introductory chapters cover essential background topics, particularly the relationships between pattern, process and spatiotemporal scale. Additional chapters consider how time and space can be represented in more complicated models, and methods for the analysis and evaluation of models. Finally, the three building block models are woven together in a more elaborate example to show how a complicated model can be assembled from relatively simple components. To aid understanding, more than 50 specific models described in the book are available online at patternandprocess.org for exploration in the freely available Netlogo platform. This book encourages readers to develop intuition for the abstract types of model that are likely to be appropriate for application in any specific context. Spatial Simulation: Exploring Pattern and Process will be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in environmental, social, ecological and geographical disciplines. Researchers and professionals who require a non-specialist introduction will also find this book an invaluable guide to dynamic spatial simulation.

A Companion to Environmental Geography

Author : Noel Castree
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119250625
Total Pages : 610 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis A Companion to Environmental Geography by : Noel Castree

Download or read book A Companion to Environmental Geography written by Noel Castree and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-10-03 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Companion to Environmental Geography is the first book to comprehensively and systematically map the research frontier of 'human-environment geography' in an accessible and comprehensive way. Cross-cuts several areas of a discipline which has traditionally been seen as divided; presenting work by human and physical geographers in the same volume Presents both the current 'state of the art' research and charts future possibilities for the discipline Extends the term 'environmental geography' beyond its 'traditional' meanings to include new work on nature and environment by human and physical geographers - not just hazards, resources, and conservation geographers Contains essays from an outstanding group of international contributors from among established scholars and rising stars in geography

Network-Oriented Modeling

Author : Jan Treur
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319452134
Total Pages : 499 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Network-Oriented Modeling by : Jan Treur

Download or read book Network-Oriented Modeling written by Jan Treur and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-03 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a new approach that can be applied to complex, integrated individual and social human processes. It provides an alternative means of addressing complexity, better suited for its purpose than and effectively complementing traditional strategies involving isolation and separation assumptions. Network-oriented modeling allows high-level cognitive, affective and social models in the form of (cyclic) graphs to be constructed, which can be automatically transformed into executable simulation models. The modeling format used makes it easy to take into account theories and findings about complex cognitive and social processes, which often involve dynamics based on interrelating cycles. Accordingly, it makes it possible to address complex phenomena such as the integration of emotions within cognitive processes of all kinds, of internal simulations of the mental processes of others, and of social phenomena such as shared understandings and collective actions. A variety of sample models – including those for ownership of actions, fear and dreaming, the integration of emotions in joint decision-making based on empathic understanding, and evolving social networks – illustrate the potential of the approach. Dedicated software is available to support building models in a conceptual or graphical manner, transforming them into an executable format and performing simulation experiments. The majority of the material presented has been used and positively evaluated by undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in the cognitive, social and AI domains. Given its detailed coverage, the book is ideally suited as an introduction for graduate and undergraduate students in many different multidisciplinary fields involving cognitive, affective, social, biological, and neuroscience domains.