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Modeling Of Fundamentals In Insect Flight
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Book Synopsis Modeling of Fundamentals in Insect Flight by :
Download or read book Modeling of Fundamentals in Insect Flight written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study is to represent large data fields with a reduced set of data using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD). The original effort focused on reduced order modeling for a set of aerodynamics data for an experimental flapping wing. Due to delays in obtaining an adequate data set with which to demonstrate the POD methodology, the project was refocused on a similar modeling problem involving reconstruction of human nasal airway passages, since that data set was readily available. This report describes the POD approach utilized in the study.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Modeling of Insect Flight Mechanisms by : Mark Jankauski
Download or read book Dynamic Modeling of Insect Flight Mechanisms written by Mark Jankauski and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dynamic model of an insect wing is developed treating the wing as a deformable body subject to three-dimensional finite rotation about a fixed point at the base of the wing. Discretization of a stationary wing is conducted via finite element analysis to determine the natural frequencies and mode shapes. By formulating and discretizing the kinetic and potential energy, the equation of motion governing the modal response of a flapping wing is derived using Lagrange's equation. The equation of motion indicates Coriolis, Euler, and centrifugal forces resulting from the finite rotation are responsible for the wing's elastic deformation. Numerical integration reveals a beat phenomenon that arises from the Coriolis excitation in the first vibration mode. The beat phenomenon is insensitive to yaw amplitudes and non-zero initial conditions but diminishes in the presence of damping. The beat phenomenon can potentially be used to estimate gyroscopic forces. Then, a two-axis rotation stage was constructed to replicate the large amplitude rotations of an insect wing and verify the inertial-elastic wing model. A wing was constructed with a strain gage mounted near the root to measure temporal strain. Single-axis rotations were considered, and multi-axis rotations were investigated to exploit phenomena related to geometric coupling. Experiments were conducted in air and vacuum to decouple aerodynamic and inertial-elastic forces. Aerodynamic forces constituted maximally 15% of the strain, suggesting the inertial-elastic model is appropriate in certain contexts. Inertial forces were dominant in the pitch-roll and roll-yaw configuration, whereas gyroscopic forces were dominant in the pitch-yaw configuration. Theoretic predictions match experimental results fairly well. The inertial-elastic rotating model may be used to inform flapping wing micro aerial vehicle designers moving forward, particularly in the design of strain-based control systems. Next, the relative role of aerodynamic and inertial moments on insect steering is investigated. Maneuvering in both natural and artificial miniature flying systems is assumed to be dominated by aerodynamic phenomena. To explore this, I develop a flapping wing model integrating aero and inertial dynamics. The model is applied to a semi-elliptical wing modeled after the forewing of the Hawkmoth and realistic kinematics are prescribed. Stroke deviation phase is critically explored, as it relates to firing latency in insect steering muscles which has been correlated to various aerial maneuvers. Average resultant force production acting on the body predominately arises from wing pitch and roll and is insensitive to the phase and amplitude of stroke deviation. Inclusion of stroke deviation can generate significant averaged aerodynamic torques at steady-state and adjustment of its phase facilitates body attitude control. These claims are supported by biological evidence, where unilateral or symmetric actuation of steering muscles caused body pitching or banked turns in flying insects. Moreover, wing angular momentum varies with stroke deviation phase, implying a non-zero impulse during a time-dependent phase shift. Simulations show wing inertial and aerodynamic impulses are of similar magnitude during short transients whereas aerodynamic impulses dominate during longer transients. Additionally, inertial effects become less significant for smaller flying insects. Body yaw rates arising from these impulses are consistent with biologically measured values. Thus, I conclude (1) modest changes in stroke deviation can significantly affect steering and (2) both aerodynamic and inertial torques are critical to maneuverability, the latter of which has not widely been considered. Therefore, the addition of a control actuator modulating stroke deviation may decouple lift/thrust production from steering mechanisms and provide inertial shaping benefits in flapping wing micro aerial vehicles. Lastly, the effect of wing structural compliance on power expenditures in insect flight is characterized. I use the previously derived elastic structural wing model and rigid blade-element aerodynamic model. Inertial instantaneous power is derived by differentiating the sum of the kinetic and potential energy with respect to time. Aerodynamic instantaneous power is calculated by the dot product of the prescribed angular velocity vector with the determined aerodynamic moments. A simple case of a wing undergoing a single, small-amplitude rotation in vacuum is first considered. For this case, a large portion of the rigid power is abated by elastic power, thereby significantly reducing overall energetic requirements. The model is subsequently applied to a more realistic case of a wing undergoing three-dimensional rotation in air. An optimization routine determines optimal wing kinematics and fundamental frequency such that root-mean-square power is minimized and sufficient lift for hover is produced. The optimizer accurately predicts roll and stroke deviation amplitude compared to biologically measured values of the Hawkmoth. The optimized pitch amplitude was approximately 20 degrees different from measured values; this discrepancy was attributed to the torsional flexibility of the wing, unaccounted for in the rigid aerodynamic model. Using the optimized parameters, our simulation suggests an elastic wing requires approximately 25% less power compared with a completely rigid wing. This suggests micro aerial vehicle wings have an power-minimizing optimal natural frequency, which can be readily tuned through conciseness wing design.
Book Synopsis Aerodynamic Models for Insect Flight by : Mohd Faisal Abdul Hamid
Download or read book Aerodynamic Models for Insect Flight written by Mohd Faisal Abdul Hamid and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Computation and Modeling of Insect Flight by :
Download or read book Computation and Modeling of Insect Flight written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here are some of the highlights in our three year's work supported by this grant: 1) New lessons from a dragonfly flight, namely, designing flapping flight at low Reynolds number need not follow the traditional rule, but instead, could make use of drag as well as lift. 2) Two new Navier-Stokes codes for efficiently simulating multiple wings and ground effects. 3) Experiments of dragonfly flight provided data to our computational models and study the dragonfly's fore-hind wing interactions. 4) Experiments, computation, and theoretical analysis of passive flight of falling paper and plates taught us about models of fluid forces. 5) Comparison of 2D computations against 3D robotic fruit fly experiments allow us to assess the relevance of 2D computations as well as the role of 3D effects in insect hovering. 6) Theoretical analysis of fluid forces including the effect of both the leading and trailing edge vortex sheets, a much needed improvement over the classical theory. 7) Simulations of three-dimensional elastic flapping wings that are actuated by muscle forces, which now finally takes off.
Author :John L. Goodenough Publisher :American Society of Agricultural & Biological Engineers ISBN 13 : Total Pages :244 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Basics of Insect Modeling by : John L. Goodenough
Download or read book Basics of Insect Modeling written by John L. Goodenough and published by American Society of Agricultural & Biological Engineers. This book was released on 1992 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategies and methods: Basics of modeling strategies, The role and relationship of the database with insect population models, Nonlinear dynamics and chaos, Artificial intelligence approaches, Computer development, Synthesis and measurement of temperature, Near-surface soil temperature model for biophysical development models; Insect population dynamics: Representation of development, Modeling insect mortality, Modeling insect recruitment, A model for long-distance moth dispersal, Integrated decision model for velvetbean caterpillar control, Application of cim for control decision on heliothis.
Book Synopsis EBOOK: Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals and Applications (SI units) by : Yunus Cengel
Download or read book EBOOK: Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals and Applications (SI units) written by Yunus Cengel and published by McGraw Hill. This book was released on 2013-10-16 with total page 1033 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications is written for the first fluid mechanics course for undergraduate engineering students, with sufficient material for a two-course sequence. This Third Edition in SI Units has the same objectives and goals as previous editions: Communicates directly with tomorrow’s engineers in a simple yet precise manner Covers the basic principles and equations of fluid mechanics in the context of numerous and diverse real-world engineering examples and applications Helps students develop an intuitive understanding of fluid mechanics by emphasizing the physical underpinning of processes and by utilizing numerous informative figures, photographs, and other visual aids to reinforce the basic concepts Encourages creative thinking, interest and enthusiasm for fluid mechanics New to this edition All figures and photographs are enhanced by a full color treatment. New photographs for conveying practical real-life applications of materials have been added throughout the book. New Application Spotlights have been added to the end of selected chapters to introduce industrial applications and exciting research projects being conducted by leaders in the field about material presented in the chapter. New sections on Biofluids have been added to Chapters 8 and 9. Addition of Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam-type problems to help students prepare for Professional Engineering exams.
Book Synopsis Bioinspired Structures and Design by : Wole Soboyejo
Download or read book Bioinspired Structures and Design written by Wole Soboyejo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-17 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master simple to advanced biomaterials and structures with this essential text. Featuring topics ranging from bionanoengineered materials to bio-inspired structures for spacecraft and bio-inspired robots, and covering issues such as motility, sensing, control and morphology, this highly illustrated text walks the reader through key scientific and practical engineering principles, discussing properties, applications and design. Presenting case studies for the design of materials and structures at the nano, micro, meso and macro-scales, and written by some of the leading experts on the subject, this is the ideal introduction to this emerging field for students in engineering and science as well as researchers.
Book Synopsis Flight Physics by : Konstantin Volkov
Download or read book Flight Physics written by Konstantin Volkov and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-02-14 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the synthesis of the fundamental disciplines and practical applications involved in the investigation, description, and analysis of aircraft flight including applied aerodynamics, aircraft propulsion, flight performance, stability, and control. The book covers the aerodynamic models that describe the forces and moments on maneuvering aircraft and provides an overview of the concepts and methods used in flight dynamics. Computational methods are widely used by the practicing aerodynamicist, and the book covers computational fluid dynamics techniques used to improve understanding of the physical models that underlie computational methods.
Download or read book Insect Flight written by J. W. S. Pringle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-03 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biophysics of Insect Flight by : N. Chari
Download or read book Biophysics of Insect Flight written by N. Chari and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book basically involves the study of flight parameters, wing beat frequency, moment of inertia, and wing movements for developing various aerodynamic forces which have been calculated. The book is intended for biologists, physicists, nanotechnologists, and aerospace engineers. Resilin, an elastic polymer (4 λ) which is present at the base of insect, plays a major role in Neurogenic and Myogenic insect flyers and influences the physiology of flight muscles. Leading edge vortex (LEV) is a special feature of insect flight. Insect wings have stalling angle above 60 degrees as compared to a man-made aeroplane stalling angle which is 16 degree. Reynolds number, the knowledge of LEV, and detailed study of moment of inertia help in developing flapping flexible wings for micro-aerial-vehicles. This book serves as an interface between biologists and engineers interested to develop biomimicking micro-aerial-vehicles. The contents of this book is useful to researchers and professionals alike.
Book Synopsis A Quantitative Analysis of Wing Pitching in Insect Flight by : Attila Bergou
Download or read book A Quantitative Analysis of Wing Pitching in Insect Flight written by Attila Bergou and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The flying ability of insects is spellbinding: dragonflies can catch their prey in midair, mosquitoes have an intricate in-flight mating ritual, honey-bees are able to land precisely on a small flower. Even the minute fruit fly can accurately induce sudden flight maneuvers in milliseconds. To gain an understanding of how insects are able to perform these feats, scientists and engineers have, for more than a century and a half, pursued the principles behind how insects fly. This research has lead to many breakthroughs in our understanding of the behavior and force production of flapping wings. Despite such successes, many aspects of how insects are able to maneuver and precisely control their flight with such apparent ease, remain poorly understood. Insects control their flight by altering the motion of their rapidly beating wings. Therefore, in this thesis, we ask how insects actuate their wings. We focus mainly on a single degree of freedom of the wings: their orientation as they slice through the air, termed the wing pitch. This particular motion is chosen because of the sensitivity of the aerodynamic forces on both fixed wing and flapping flight to changes in wing pitch. The major results of this thesis are contained in chapter 2-5. In these chapters, we build a quantitative understanding of how insects pitch their wings. This part of the thesis culminates in chapter 5 where we show how insects modulate wing pitching to induce flight maneuvers. We briefly summarize each chapter below. In chapter 2, we analyze the hovering wing kinematics of insects and find that they do not do any positive work to pitch their wings. The wing inertia and aerodynamic forces both tend to rotate the wing, suggesting that wing pitching is largely passive. In chapter 3, we describe the methods we developed to measure and visualize the kinematics of freely-flying fruit flies. In chapter 4, we analyze the kinematics of freely-flying fruit flies and find that the pitching motion of insect wings can be understood by modeling the viscoelastic properties of the wing joints. In chapter 5, we analyze the motion of maneuvering fruit flies and find that these insects turn by modulating their wing pitch, in effect rowing through the air. We show that their flight dynamics ultimately derive from fine-tuned biomechanical properties of the wing hinge with only subtle actuation by the musculature. The second part of the thesis focuses on the numerical methods used throughout this work. In chapter 6, we describe the aerodynamic models used to compute the forces on insect wings. Finally, we end in chapter 7 with a discussion of a topic somewhat separate from the rest of the thesis: we introduce a genetic programming method that determines symbolic relationships between variables from time-series measurements. We apply this method to finding an improved quasi-steady model for the aerodynamic torque that rotates a two-dimensional falling plate.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Enzyme Kinetics by : Athel Cornish-Bowden
Download or read book Fundamentals of Enzyme Kinetics written by Athel Cornish-Bowden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-22 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its fourth edition, this textbook is one of the few titles worldwide to cover enzyme kinetics in its entire scope and the only one to include its implications for bioinformatics and systems biology. Multi-enzyme complexes and cooperativity are therefore treated in more detail than in any other textbook on the market. The respected and well known author is one of the most experienced researchers into the topic and writes with outstanding style and didactic clarity. As with the previous editions, he presents here steady-state kinetics and fast reactions, supplementing each chapter with problems and solutions. For the first time, this edition features a companion website providing all figures in colour www.wiley-vch.de/home/fundenzykinet
Book Synopsis Optimization, Control, and Flies by : Gordon Joseph Berman
Download or read book Optimization, Control, and Flies written by Gordon Joseph Berman and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insects are graceful and varied locomotors - flying, darting, and hovering with apparent ease and sophistication. Accordingly, their abilities have long engendered the curiosity of scientists and the envy of aerospace engineers. This thesis aims to shed light on some basic questions regarding the aerodynamics and control of insects, primarily through the guise of studying the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Via these investigations, I attempt to elucidate some of the overarching problems in biolocomotion regarding optimization of movements, control of maneuvers, and the interaction between animals and their surrounding fluid. Chapter 2 uses a quasi-steady model of intermediate Reynolds number aerodynamics to estimate the forces and torques experienced by an insect during hovering flight and asks whether the observed kinematics are energyminimizing. Since insect flight is such a costly endeavor, it makes for an interesting test case of the hypothesis that animals move in a manner which minimizes metabolic cost. The quantitative study of insect flight is currently a data-limited field, hence, it is imperative to realize new methods for obtaining and digitizing flight sequences. Chapter 3 describes the Hull Reconstruction Motion Tracking (HRMT) method, which takes three camera views of a freely flying fruit fly, and by using visual hull reconstruction and principal components analysis, automatically tracks the insect body and wings both quickly and accurately. Using the data generated from applying HRMT to experimentally recorded movies, Chapter 4 analyzes the flight of ascending fruit flies. Having obtained several flight sequences of flight in which the filmed insect is moving almost straight upwards, we analyze the dynamics of how a steady-state ascending velocity is achieved, and what control knobs a fly can use to adjust this state. Additionally, we look at how fruit flies can quickly transition from one ascent speed to another. The optimization line of thought highlighted in Chapter 2 is extended in Chapter 5, but is combined with some of the obtained experimental data from our collaboration with Leif Ristroph and Itai Cohen. Here, we relate the concept of optimization in locomotion to variations apparent within a population. Through utilizing some of the methods from sloppy modeling, we explore the idea of a fitness landscape for wing kinematics, and how that might effect the spread of data observed in experiments. Finally, chapters 6 and 7 investigate aspects of a model of falling plates at intermediate Reynolds numbers which is used as an underpinning for much of the work done here. Chapter 6 studies how the model transitions to chaos through a period-doubling bifurcation, and Chapter 7 asks what type of flight trajectories are possible if the system is driven by a rotational actuator.
Author :Wijesiri Danthanarayana Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3642711553 Total Pages :297 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (427 download)
Book Synopsis Insect Flight by : Wijesiri Danthanarayana
Download or read book Insect Flight written by Wijesiri Danthanarayana and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Multiscale Modeling of Structural Materials by : Wenjie Xia
Download or read book Fundamentals of Multiscale Modeling of Structural Materials written by Wenjie Xia and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-11-26 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Multiscale Modeling of Structural Materials provides a robust introduction to the computational tools, underlying theory, practical applications, and governing physical phenomena necessary to simulate and understand a wide-range of structural materials at multiple time and length scales. The book offers practical guidelines for modeling common structural materials with well-established techniques, outlining detailed modeling approaches for calculating and analyzing mechanical, thermal and transport properties of various structural materials such as metals, cement/concrete, polymers, composites, wood, thin films, and more.Computational approaches based on artificial intelligence and machine learning methods as complementary tools to the physics-based multiscale techniques are discussed as are modeling techniques for additively manufactured structural materials. Special attention is paid to how these methods can be used to develop the next generation of sustainable, resilient and environmentally-friendly structural materials, with a specific emphasis on bridging the atomistic and continuum modeling scales for these materials. - Synthesizes the latest cutting-edge computational multiscale modeling techniques for an array of structural materials - Emphasizes the foundations of the field and offers practical guidelines for modeling material systems with well-established techniques - Covers methods for calculating and analyzing mechanical, thermal and transport properties of various structural materials such as metals, cement/concrete, polymers, composites, wood, and more - Highlights underlying theory, emerging areas, future directions and various applications of the modeling methods covered - Discusses the integration of multiscale modeling and artificial intelligence
Book Synopsis The Biomechanics of Insect Flight by : Robert Dudley
Download or read book The Biomechanics of Insect Flight written by Robert Dudley and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the rain forests of Borneo to the tenements of Manhattan, winged insects are a conspicuous and abundant feature of life on earth. Here, Robert Dudley presents the first comprehensive explanation of how insects fly. The author relates the biomechanics of flight to insect ecology and evolution in a major new work of synthesis. The book begins with an overview of insect flight biomechanics. Dudley explains insect morphology, wing motions, aerodynamics, flight energetics, and flight metabolism within a modern phylogenetic setting. Drawing on biomechanical principles, he describes and evaluates flight behavior and the limits to flight performance. The author then takes the next step by developing evolutionary explanations of insect flight. He analyzes the origins of flight in insects, the roles of natural and sexual selection in determining how insects fly, and the relationship between flight and insect size, pollination, predation, dispersal, and migration. Dudley ranges widely--from basic aerodynamics to muscle physiology and swarming behavior--but his focus is the explanation of functional design from evolutionary and ecological perspectives. The importance of flight in the lives of insects has long been recognized but never systematically evaluated. This book addresses that shortcoming. Robert Dudley provides an introduction to insect flight that will be welcomed by students and researchers in biomechanics, entomology, evolution, ecology, and behavior.
Book Synopsis Insects in Flight by : Werner Nachtigall
Download or read book Insects in Flight written by Werner Nachtigall and published by Allen & Unwin Australia. This book was released on 1974 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
