Modeling Gateway To The Unknown

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Modeling: Gateway to the Unknown

Author : Rom Harré
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780444514646
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling: Gateway to the Unknown by : Rom Harré

Download or read book Modeling: Gateway to the Unknown written by Rom Harré and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2004-05-14 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by Daniel Rothbart of George Mason University in Virginia, this book is a collection of Rom Harré's work on modeling in science (particularly physics and psychology). In over 28 authored books and 240 articles and book chapters, Rom Harré of Georgetown University in Washington, DC is a towering figure in philosophy, linguistics, and social psychology. He has inspired a generation of scholars, both for the ways in which his research is carried out and his profound insights. For Harré, the stunning discoveries of research demand a kind of thinking that is found in the construction and control of models. Iconic modeling is pivotal for representing real-world structures, explaining phenomena, manipulating instruments, constructing theories, and acquiring data. This volume in the new Elsevier book series Studies in Multidisciplinarity includes major topics on the structure and function of models, the debates over scientific realism, explanation through analogical modeling, a metaphysics for physics, the rationale for experimentation, and modeling in social encounters. * A multidisciplinary work of sweeping scope about the nature of science * Revolutionary interpretation that challenges conventional wisdom about the character of scientific thinking * Profound insights about fundamental challenges to contemporary physics * Brilliant discoveries into the nature of social interaction and human identity * Presents a rational conception of methods for acquiring knowledge of remote regions of the world * Written by one of the great thinkers of our time.

Models and Theories

Author : Roman Frigg
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000609537
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Models and Theories by : Roman Frigg

Download or read book Models and Theories written by Roman Frigg and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-06-28 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Models and theories are of central importance in science, and scientists spend substantial amounts of time building, testing, comparing and revising models and theories. It is therefore not surprising that the nature of scientific models and theories has been a widely debated topic within the philosophy of science for many years. The product of two decades of research, this book provides an accessible yet critical introduction to the debates about models and theories within analytical philosophy of science since the 1920s. Roman Frigg surveys and discusses key topics and questions, including: What are theories? What are models? And how do models and theories relate to each other? The linguistic view of theories (also known as the syntactic view of theories), covering different articulations of the view, its use of models, the theory-observation divide and the theory-ladenness of observation, and the meaning of theoretical terms. The model-theoretical view of theories (also known as the semantic view of theories), covering its analysis of the model-world relationship, the internal structure of a theory, and the ontology of models. Scientific representation, discussing analogy, idealisation and different accounts of representation. Modelling in scientific practice, examining how models relate to theories and what models are, classifying different kinds of models, and investigating how robustness analysis, perspectivism, and approaches committed to uncertainty-management deal with multi-model situations. Models and Theories is the first comprehensive book-length treatment of the topic, making it essential reading for advanced undergraduates, researchers, and professional philosophers working in philosophy of science and philosophy of technology. It will also be of interest to philosophically minded readers working in physics, computer sciences and STEM fields more broadly.

Models and Idealizations in Science

Author : Alejandro Cassini
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030658023
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Models and Idealizations in Science by : Alejandro Cassini

Download or read book Models and Idealizations in Science written by Alejandro Cassini and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-27 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides both an introduction to the philosophy of scientific modeling and a contribution to the discussion and clarification of two recent philosophical conceptions of models: artifactualism and fictionalism. These can be viewed as different stances concerning the standard representationalist account of scientific models. By better understanding these two alternative views, readers will gain a deeper insight into what a model is as well as how models function in different sciences. Fictionalism has been a traditional epistemological stance related to antirealist construals of laws and theories, such as instrumentalism and inferentialism. By contrast, the more recent fictional view of models holds that scientific models must be conceived of as the same kind of entities as literary characters and places. This approach is essentially an answer to the ontological question concerning the nature of models, which in principle is not incompatible with a representationalist account of the function of models. The artifactual view of models is an approach according to which scientific models are epistemic artifacts, whose main function is not to represent the phenomena but rather to provide epistemic access to them. It can be conceived of as a non-representationalist and pragmatic account of modeling, which does not intend to focus on the ontology of models but rather on the ways they are built and used for different purposes. The different essays address questions such as the artifactual view of idealization, the use of information theory to elucidate the concepts of abstraction and idealization, the deidealization of models, the nature of scientific fictions, the structural account of representation and the ontological status of structures, the role of surrogative reasoning with models, and the use of models for explaining and predicting physical phenomena.

Theoretical Models and Processes of Literacy

Author : Donna E. Alvermann
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351616528
Total Pages : 893 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Theoretical Models and Processes of Literacy by : Donna E. Alvermann

Download or read book Theoretical Models and Processes of Literacy written by Donna E. Alvermann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 893 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Seventh Edition of this foundational text represents the most comprehensive source available for connecting multiple and diverse theories to literacy research, broadly defined, and features both cutting-edge and classic contributions from top scholars. Two decades into the 21st century, the Seventh Edition finds itself at a crossroads and differs from its predecessors in three major ways: the more encompassing term literacy replaces reading in the title to reflect sweeping changes in how readers and writers communicate in a digital era; the focus is on conceptual essays rather than a mix of essays and research reports in earlier volumes; and most notably, contemporary literacy models and processes enhance and extend earlier theories of reading and writing. Providing a tapestry of models and theories that have informed literacy research and instruction over the years, this volume’s strong historical grounding serves as a springboard from which new perspectives are presented. The chapters in this volume have been selected to inspire the interrogation of literacy theory and to foster its further evolution. This edition is a landmark volume in which dynamic, dialogic, and generative relations of power speak directly to the present generation of literacy theorists and researchers without losing the historical contexts that preceded them. Some additional archival essays from previous editions are available on the book’s eResource. New to the Seventh Edition: Features chapters on emerging and contemporary theories that connect directly to issues of power and contrasts new models against more established counterparts. New chapters reflect sweeping changes in how readers and writers communicate in a digital era. Slimmer volume is complemented by some chapters from previous editions available online.

Modelling-based Teaching in Science Education

Author : John K. Gilbert
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319290398
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Modelling-based Teaching in Science Education by : John K. Gilbert

Download or read book Modelling-based Teaching in Science Education written by John K. Gilbert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-30 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that modelling should be a component of all school curricula that aspire to provide ‘authentic science education for all’. The literature on modelling is reviewed and a ‘model of modelling’ is proposed. The conditions for the successful implementation of the ‘model of modelling’ in classrooms are explored and illustrated from practical experience. The roles of argumentation, visualisation, and analogical reasoning, in successful modelling-based teaching are reviewed. The contribution of such teaching to both the learning of key scientific concepts and an understanding of the nature of science are established. Approaches to the design of curricula that facilitate the progressive grasp of the knowledge and skills entailed in modelling are outlined. Recognising that the approach will both represent a substantial change from the ‘content-transmission’ approach to science teaching and be in accordance with current best-practice in science education, the design of suitable approaches to teacher education are discussed. Finally, the challenges that modelling-based education pose to science education researchers, advanced students of science education and curriculum design, teacher educators, public examiners, and textbook designers, are all outlined.

Computer Simulations and the Changing Face of Scientific Experimentation

Author : Eckhart Arnold
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443849952
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Computer Simulations and the Changing Face of Scientific Experimentation by : Eckhart Arnold

Download or read book Computer Simulations and the Changing Face of Scientific Experimentation written by Eckhart Arnold and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2013-07-16 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer simulations have become a central tool for scientific practice. Their use has replaced, in many cases, standard experimental procedures. This goes without mentioning cases where the target system is empirical but there are no techniques for direct manipulation of the system, such as astronomical observation. To these cases, computer simulations have proved to be of central importance. The question about their use and implementation, therefore, is not only a technical one but represents a challenge for the humanities as well. In this volume, scientists, historians, and philosophers join to examine computer simulations in scientific practice. One central aim of the volume is to provide a multi-perspective view on the topic. Therefore, the text includes philosophical studies on computer simulations, as well as case studies from simulation practice, and historical studies of the evolution of simulations as a research method. The theoretical studies in this book discuss the epistemological relation between simulations and experiments as well as the empirical or non-empirical status of data resulting from computer simulations. The role of simulations in current scientific practice is examined in the cases of astronomy, system biology, nanoscale research, and in the pharmaceutical industry. The historical perspective is brought in by examining the rise of supercomputing as well as the exploding number of published simulation studies in some scientific fields. The book concludes with critical reflections on the potential, limitations, and failures of computer simulations.

Handbook of Abductive Cognition

Author : Lorenzo Magnani
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031101359
Total Pages : 1921 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Abductive Cognition by : Lorenzo Magnani

Download or read book Handbook of Abductive Cognition written by Lorenzo Magnani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-31 with total page 1921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook offers the first comprehensive reference guide to the interdisciplinary field of abductive cognition, providing readers with extensive information on the process of reasoning to hypotheses in humans, animals, and in computational machines. It highlights the role of abduction in both theory practice: in generating and testing hypotheses and explanatory functions for various purposes and as an educational device. It merges logical, cognitive, epistemological and philosophical perspectives with more practical needs relating to the application of abduction across various disciplines and practices, such as in diagnosis, creative reasoning, scientific discovery, diagrammatic and ignorance-based cognition, and adversarial strategies. It also discusses the inferential role of models in hypothetical reasoning, abduction and creativity, including the process of development, implementation and manipulation for different scientific and technological purposes. Written by a group of internationally renowned experts in philosophy, logic, general epistemology, mathematics, cognitive, and computer science, as well as life sciences, engineering, architecture, and economics, the Handbook of Abductive Cognition offers a unique reference guide for readers approaching the process of reasoning to hypotheses from different perspectives and for various theoretical and practical purposes. Numerous diagrams, schemes and other visual representations are included to promote a better understanding of the relevant concepts and to make concepts highly accessible to an audience of scholars and students with different scientific backgrounds.

Complexity, Institutions and Public Policy

Author : Graham Room
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857932640
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (579 download)

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Book Synopsis Complexity, Institutions and Public Policy by : Graham Room

Download or read book Complexity, Institutions and Public Policy written by Graham Room and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I think this is a very important book. Very few people in the social sciences write books on this topic and really do justice to complexity theory. Professor Room gives a very detailed, accurate and accessible review of complexity theory as it applies to social policy. His link with institutional theory is very appropriate and his discussion on the need for regulation (a link with complexity theory that many people would never reach) is really important and well grounded. It would be of interest to academics who really want to understand the implications of complexity theory for policy making in complex and fast-changing situations and to those undertaking advanced courses in politics, economics and sociology. - Jean Boulton, University of Cranfield, UK Graham Room argues that conventional approaches to the conceptualisation and measurement of social and economic change are unsatisfactory. As a result, researchers are ill-equipped to offer policy advice. This book offers a new analytical approach, combining complexity science and institutionalism. It also provides tools for policy makers in turbulent times. Part 1 is concerned with the conceptualisation of socio-economic change. It integrates complexity science and institutionalism into a coherent ontology of social and policy dynamics. Part 2 is concerned with models and measurement. It combines some of the principal approaches developed in complexity analysis with models and methods drawn from mainstream social and political science. Part 3 offers empirical applications to public policy: the dynamics of social exclusion; the social dimension of knowledge economies; the current financial and economic crisis. These are supplemented by a toolkit for the practice of agile policy making.

Science Education

Author : Keith S. Taber
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9463007490
Total Pages : 585 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Science Education by : Keith S. Taber

Download or read book Science Education written by Keith S. Taber and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book comprises a wide range of scholarly essays introducing readers to key topics and issues in science education. Science education has become a well established field in its own right, with a vast literature, and many active areas of scholarship. Science Education: An International Course Companion offers an entry point for students seeking a sound but introductory understanding of the key perspectives and areas of thinking in science education. Each account is self-contained and offers a scholarly and research-informed introduction to a particular topic, theme, or perspective, with both citations to key literature and recommendations for more advanced reading. Science Education: An International Course Companion allows readers (such as those preparing for school science teaching, or seeking more advanced specialist qualifications) to obtain a broad familiarity with key issues across the field as well as guiding wider reading about particular topics of interest. The book therefore acts as a reader to support learning across courses in science education internationally. The broad coverage of topics is such that that the book will support students following a diverse range of courses and qualifications. The comprehensive nature of the book will allow course leaders and departments to nominate the book as the key reader to support students – their core ‘course companion’ in science education."

Philosophical Instruments

Author : Daniel Rothbart
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
ISBN 13 : 0252056248
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical Instruments by : Daniel Rothbart

Download or read book Philosophical Instruments written by Daniel Rothbart and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 2024-02-12 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surprising roles of instruments and experimentation in acquiring knowledge In Philosophical Instruments Daniel Rothbart argues that our tools are not just neutral intermediaries between humans and the natural world, but are devices that demand new ideas about reality. Just as a hunter's new spear can change their knowledge of the environment, so can the development of modern scientific equipment alter our view of the world. Working at the intersections of science, technology, and philosophy, Rothbart examines the revolution in knowledge brought on by recent advances in scientific instruments. Full of examples from historical and contemporary science, including electron scanning microscopes, sixteenth-century philosophical instruments, and diffraction devices used by biochemical researchers, Rothbart explores the ways in which instrumentation advances a philosophical stance about an instrument's power, an experimenter's skills, and a specimen's properties. Through a close reading of engineering of instruments, he introduces a philosophy from (rather than of) design, contending that philosophical ideas are channeled from design plans to models and from model into the use of the devices.

Economics for Real

Author : Aki Lehtinen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136513264
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Economics for Real by : Aki Lehtinen

Download or read book Economics for Real written by Aki Lehtinen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive and critical examination of Mäki’s realist philosophy of economics.

Beyond Rationality

Author : Rom Harré
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443834246
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Rationality by : Rom Harré

Download or read book Beyond Rationality written by Rom Harré and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Beyond Rationality: Contemporary Issues, scholars from a variety of disciplines explore the concept of “irrationality” in today’s increasingly complex world. Combining both theory and practice, this is essential reading for anyone wishing to understand such diverse puzzles as why citizens often readily support dictatorships, how terrorists “reason,” and why seemingly rational people often make irrational choices.

The Philosophy of Chemistry

Author : Jean-Pierre Llored
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443867942
Total Pages : 780 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Chemistry by : Jean-Pierre Llored

Download or read book The Philosophy of Chemistry written by Jean-Pierre Llored and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-26 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume connects chemistry and philosophy in order to face questions raised by chemistry in our present world. The idea is first to develop a kind of philosophy of chemistry which is deeply rooted in the exploration of chemical activities. We thus work in close contact with chemists (technicians, engineers, researchers, and teachers). Following this line of reasoning, the first part of the book encourages current chemists to describe their workaday practices while insisting on the importance of attending to methodological, metrological, philosophical, and epistemological questions related to their activities. It deals with sustainable chemistry, chemical metrology, nanochemistry, and biochemistry, among other crucial topics. In doing so, those chemists invite historians and philosophers to provide ideas for future developments. In a nutshell, this part is a call for forthcoming collaborations focused on instruments and methods, that is on ways of doing chemistry. The second part of the book illustrates the multifarious ways to study chemistry and even proposes new approaches to doing so. Each approach is interesting and incomplete but the emergent whole is richer than any of its components. Analytical work needs socio-historical expertise as well as many other approaches in order to keep on investigating chemistry to greater and greater depth. This heterogeneity provides a wide set of methodological perspectives not only about current chemical practices but also about the ways to explore them philosophically. Each approach is a resource to study chemistry and to reflect upon what doing philosophy of science can mean. In the last part of the volume, philosophers and chemists propose new concepts or reshape older ones in order to think about chemistry. The act of conceptualization itself is queried as well as the relationships between concepts and chemical activities. Prefaced by Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, Roald Hoffmann, and by the President of the International Society for the Philosophy of Chemistry, Rom Harré, this volume is a plea for the emergence of a collective cleverness and aims to foster inventiveness.

Methods of Psychological Intervention

Author : Gordon Sammut
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 1681237814
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (812 download)

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Book Synopsis Methods of Psychological Intervention by : Gordon Sammut

Download or read book Methods of Psychological Intervention written by Gordon Sammut and published by IAP. This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods of Psychological Intervention provides a rich collection of chapters that provide an invaluable resource to scholars, researchers and practitioners in psychology. Psychological interventions are becoming increasingly popular in contemporary societies. This volume is intended to help psychologists and other professionals understand how general psychological knowledge can serve to guide local and particular interventions. The present volume helps bridge the gap between general knowledge in the psychological sciences and particular instances of human behavior as it takes place in everyday life. The volume forms part of the series ‘Yearbook of Idiographic Science’. Authors draw on principles of idiographic science to formulate interventions applicable to a broad diversity of settings and institutions, such as educational settings, organizations, and medical settings. It similarly deals with various psychological behaviours targeted for intervention, such as gambling, family therapy, and crime. The volume will be of interest to scholars, researchers and practitioners working in the fields of psychology, social work, counseling, family therapy, education, organizational behavior & criminal justice.

A Suspicious Science

Author : Rami Gabriel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197513581
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis A Suspicious Science by : Rami Gabriel

Download or read book A Suspicious Science written by Rami Gabriel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Psychology is the stage for our drama of self-knowledge. A confused field of inquiry in which neuroscientists and computer scientists keep company with chakra healers and hypnotists, psychology is the space in which we understand the mysteries of who we are. It is the science and set of practices to cure what, in a deep sense, ails us - a lack of control"--

The Routledge International Handbook of Positioning Theory

Author : Mary B. McVee
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040047025
Total Pages : 694 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge International Handbook of Positioning Theory by : Mary B. McVee

Download or read book The Routledge International Handbook of Positioning Theory written by Mary B. McVee and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-06-01 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is the first of its kind to explore Positioning Theory. Taking inspiration from the groundwork set by Rom Harré and collaborators such as Bronwyn Davies, Fathali Moghaddam, Luk Van Langenhove, and others the book explores the emergence, historical context, and disciplinary applications of Positioning Theory and its basic precepts as a social psychological theory. This volume encompasses over 20 chapters across four sections, assimilating cross-disciplinary insights that try to understand the theoretical underpinnings, methodological applications, and contemporary relevance of Positioning Theory. Part 1 explores the movement of scholarly figures and their numerous works on the subject. It discusses the foundational origins and the historical contexts of the existing theories on positioning and new directions for scholarship. Part 2 examines the methodological and narrative investigations used for data analysis in positioning research, navigating through the epistemological orientations and theoretical landscapes of Positioning Theory. Part 3 explores numerous applications across disciplines to consider the reach and influence of positioning within and across multiple disciplines. Lastly, the authors contemplate the future directions for Positioning Theory. Featuring researchers from leading research institutions from across the globe, the book is important reading for scholars interested in positioning and Positioning Theory. We recommend this handbook for graduate-level courses in social psychology, communication, discourse studies and related disciplines.

People and Societies

Author : Luk van Langenhove
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135279748
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis People and Societies by : Luk van Langenhove

Download or read book People and Societies written by Luk van Langenhove and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rom Harré has authored an impressive oeuvre that has inspired generations of scholars and practioners. His work has challenged the orthodox philosophy of science and social psychology. The book brings together a careful selection of his key writings that gives readers a systematic introduction in the conceptual universe of this towering figure.