Membraneless Microfluidic Fuel Cells

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Membraneless Microfluidic Fuel Cells by : Kamil S. Salloum

Download or read book Membraneless Microfluidic Fuel Cells written by Kamil S. Salloum and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Portable devices rely on battery systems that contribute largely to the overall device form factor and delay portability due to recharging. Membraneless microfluidic fuel cells are considered as the next generation of portable power sources for their compatibility with higher energy density reactants. Microfluidic fuel cells are potentially cost effective and robust because they use low Reynolds number flow to maintain fuel and oxidant separation instead of ion exchange membranes. However, membraneless fuel cells suffer from poor efficiency due to poor mass transport and Ohmic losses. Current microfluidic fuel cell designs suffer from reactant cross-diffusion and thick boundary layers at the electrode surfaces, which result in a compromise between the cell's power output and fuel utilization. This dissertation presents novel flow field architectures aimed at alleviating the mass transport limitations. The first architecture provides a reactant interface where the reactant diffusive concentration gradients are aligned with the bulk flow, mitigating reactant mixing through diffusion and thus crossover. This cell also uses porous electro-catalysts to improve electrode mass transport which results in higher extraction of reactant energy. The second architecture uses porous electrodes and an inert conductive electrolyte stream between the reactants to enhance the interfacial electrical conductivity and maintain complete reactant separation. This design is stacked hydrodynamically and electrically, analogous to membrane based systems, providing increased reactant utilization and power. These fuel cell architectures decouple the fuel cell's power output from its fuel utilization. The fuel cells are tested over a wide range of conditions including variation of the loads, reactant concentrations, background electrolytes, flow rates, and fuel cell geometries. These experiments show that increasing the fuel cell power output is accomplished by increasing reactant flow rates, electrolyte conductivity, and ionic exchange areas, and by decreasing the spacing between the electrodes. The experimental and theoretical observations presented in this dissertation will aid in the future design and commercialization of a new portable power source, which has the desired attributes of high power output per weight and volume and instant rechargeability.

Boosting Performance of Membraneless Microfluidic Fuel Cells Via Cell Architecture Optimization and Flow Management

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis Boosting Performance of Membraneless Microfluidic Fuel Cells Via Cell Architecture Optimization and Flow Management by : 羅詩靜

Download or read book Boosting Performance of Membraneless Microfluidic Fuel Cells Via Cell Architecture Optimization and Flow Management written by 羅詩靜 and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Microfluidic Fuel Cells and Batteries

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319063464
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Microfluidic Fuel Cells and Batteries by : Erik Kjeang

Download or read book Microfluidic Fuel Cells and Batteries written by Erik Kjeang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-14 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microfluidic fuel cells and batteries represent a special type of electrochemical power generators that can be miniaturized and integrated in a microfluidic chip. Summarizing the initial ten years of research and development in this emerging field, this SpringerBrief is the first book dedicated to microfluidic fuel cell and battery technology for electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Written at a critical juncture, where strategically applied research is urgently required to seize impending technology opportunities for commercial, analytical, and educational utility, the intention is for this book to be a ‘one-stop shop’ for current and prospective researchers in the general area of membraneless, microfluidic electrochemical energy conversion. As the overall goal of the book is to provide a comprehensive resource for both research and technology development, it features extensive descriptions of the underlying fundamental theory, fabrication methods, and cell design principles, as well as a thorough review of previous contributions in this field and a future outlook with recommendations for further work. It is hoped that the content will entice and enable new research groups and engineers to rapidly gain traction in their own laboratories towards the development of next generation microfluidic electrochemical cells.

Microfluidics in Membraneless Fuel Cells

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Microfluidics in Membraneless Fuel Cells by : Jesus A. Diaz-Real

Download or read book Microfluidics in Membraneless Fuel Cells written by Jesus A. Diaz-Real and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1990s, the idea of developing miniaturized devices that integrate functions other than what normally are carried out at the laboratory level was conceived, and the so-called "lab-on-a-chip" (LOC) devices emerged as one of the most important research areas. LOC devices exhibit advantages related to the use of microfluidic channels such as small sample and reagent consumption, portability, low-power consumption, laminar flow, and higher surface area/volume ratio that enhances both thermal dissipation and electrochemical kinetics. Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy to electrical energy. These are considered as one of the greener ways to generate electricity because typical fuel cells produce water and heat as the main reaction byproducts. The technical challenges to develop systems at the microscale and the advantages of microfluidics exhibited an important impact on fuel cells for several reasons, mainly related to avoid inherent problems of gaseous-based fuel cells. As a result, the birth of a new type of fuel cells as microfluidic fuel cells (MFCs) took place. The first microfluidic fuel cell was reported in 2002. This MFC was operated with liquid fuel/oxidant and had the advantage of the low laminar flow generated using a "Y" microfluidic channel to separate the anodic and cathodic streams, resulting in an energy conversion device that did not require a physical barrier to separate both streams. This electrochemical system originated a specific type of MFCs categorized as membraneless also called colaminar microfluidic fuel cells. Since that year, numerous works focused on the nature of fuels, oxidants and anodic/cathodic electrocatalysts, and cell designs have been reported. The limiting parameters of this kind of devices toward their use in portable applications are related to their low cell performances, small mass activity, and partial selectivity/durability of electrocatalysts. On the other hand, it has been observed that the cell design has a high effect on the cell performance due to internal cell resistances and the crossover effect. Furthermore, current technology is growing faster than last centuries and new microfabrication technologies are always emerging, allowing the development of smaller and more powerful microfluidic energy devices. In this chapter, the application of microfluidics in membraneless fuel cells is addressed in terms of evolution of cell designs of miniaturized microfluidic fuel cells as a result of new discoveries in microfabrication technology and the use of several fuels and electrocatalysts for specific and selective applications.

Micro Fuel Cells

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080878873
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Micro Fuel Cells by : Tim Zhao

Download or read book Micro Fuel Cells written by Tim Zhao and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-07-07 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's consumers of portable electronics consumers are demanding devices not only deliver more power but also work healthy for the environment. This fact alone has lead major corporations like Intel, BIC, Duracell and Microsoft to believe that Microfuel Cells could be the next-generation power source for electronic products. Compact and readable, Microfuels Principles and Applications, offers engineers and product designers a reference unsurpassed by any other in the market. The book starts with a clear and rigorous exposition of the fundamentals engineering principles governing energy conversion for small electronic devices, followed by self-contained chapters concerning applications. The authors provide original points of view on all types of commercially available micro fuel cells types, including micro proton exchange membrane fuel cells, micro direct methanol fuel cells, micro solid oxide fuel cells and micro bio-fuel cells. The book also contains a detailed introduction to the fabrication of the components and the assembly of the system, making it a valuable reference both in terms of its application to product design and understanding micro engineering principles. An overview of the micro fuel cell systems and applications A detailed introduction to the fabrication of the components and the assembly of the system Original points of view on prospects of micro fuel cells

High Performance Fuel-Breathing Microfluidic Fuel Cells

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781361041956
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis High Performance Fuel-Breathing Microfluidic Fuel Cells by : Yifei Wang

Download or read book High Performance Fuel-Breathing Microfluidic Fuel Cells written by Yifei Wang and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "High Performance Fuel-breathing Microfluidic Fuel Cells" by Yifei, Wang, 王夷飞, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of the thesis entitled "HIGH PERFORMANCE FUEL-BREATHING MICROFLUIDIC FUEL CELLS" Submitted by Yifei, Wang for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in September 2016 Fuel cells are broadly regarded as one of the most promising power sources. A fuel cell is generally composed of a thin membrane electrolyte sandwiched by two porous electrodes, which has a similar structure with batteries. Fuel cells are very advantageous considering their high energy density, uninterrupted operation and environmental friendliness. To date, the application of this technology is vigorously promoted by the government and industry especially for large-power applications. As for applications with small rated power, the progress is, however, impeded by their high cost, leading to less competitiveness against the mature battery technology. To lower down the cost, microfluidic fuel cell (MFC), also known as the membraneless fuel cell or laminar flow fuel cell, has been proposed recently. A MFC generally utilizes two laminar flows in parallel as electrolyte instead of any solid membrane, therefore, lowering the fabrication cost. To prevent the flows from violent mixing, micro-channel, normally with characteristic length less than 1mm, is requisite. In this manner, the mixing process is dominated by slow diffusion, forming a flow interface in the middle of the channel as a virtual membrane. Despite of its cost advantage, there are still many unsolved problems in MFCs such as poor energy density, trade-off between cell performance and fuel utilization, complex fluidic management, etc. In this thesis, research works on MFC development have been done to improve their cell performance, energy efficiency, energy density, long-term stability, etc. In addition, a novel MFC stacking strategy has been proposed, which was proved to be competent for practical applications.  First, conventional liquid-feed MFCs with either co-flow or counter-flow configuration were studied. Their cell performance and fuel utilization were optimized, which were used as benchmarks in subsequent studies.  To solve the intractable restrictions in liquid-feed MFCs, vapor-feed MFCs were proposed which breathed fuel vapor from outside the cell instead of acquiring dissolved fuel from the inside electrolyte, therefore, -2 achieving both high power density (55.4mWcm ) and high energy efficiency (9.4%) at the same time.  To better understand the mechanism behind its performance, numerical (R) simulation on vapor-feed MFCs was also conducted using COMSOL 4.2.  To achieve practical power output, a circular stacking strategy was proposed, which was especially suitable for fuel-breathing MFCs. A six- cell stack was designed and tested, proving that such a stacking strategy was not only highly efficient but also potentially robust to external flow disturbance.  The same stacking strategy was also applied to H -fueled MFCs to further improve the power output. By utilizing Al-H O reaction for H generation, 2 2 the proposed Al-feed MFC stack achieved a peak power output of 530mW. Meanwhile, difficulties in hydrogen storage and waste electrolyte management were eliminated.  In MFCs with enlarged electrode areas, cathode flooding was inevitably aggravated and cell performance dropped significantly. By cracking the cathode catalyst layer, this problem was greatly alleviated, leading to a m

Bioelectrochemical Systems

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Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 184339233X
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (433 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioelectrochemical Systems by : Korneel Rabaey

Download or read book Bioelectrochemical Systems written by Korneel Rabaey and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the context of wastewater treatment, Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs) have gained considerable interest in the past few years, and several BES processes are on the brink of application to this area. This book, written by a large number of world experts in the different sub-topics, describes the different aspects and processes relevant to their development. Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs) use micro-organisms to catalyze an oxidation and/or reduction reaction at an anodic and cathodic electrode respectively. Briefly, at an anode oxidation of organic and inorganic electron donors can occur. Prime examples of such electron donors are waste organics and sulfides. At the cathode, an electron acceptor such as oxygen or nitrate can be reduced. The anode and the cathode are connected through an electrical circuit. If electrical power is harvested from this circuit, the system is called a Microbial Fuel Cell; if electrical power is invested, the system is called a Microbial Electrolysis Cell. The overall framework of bio-energy and bio-fuels is discussed. A number of chapters discuss the basics – microbiology, microbial ecology, electrochemistry, technology and materials development. The book continues by highlighting the plurality of processes based on BES technology already in existence, going from wastewater based reactors to sediment based bio-batteries. The integration of BESs into existing water or process lines is discussed. Finally, an outlook is provided of how BES will fit within the emerging biorefinery area.

Microfluidic Platforms for the Investigation of Fuel Cell Catalysts and Electrodes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (776 download)

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Book Synopsis Microfluidic Platforms for the Investigation of Fuel Cell Catalysts and Electrodes by : Fikile R. Brushett

Download or read book Microfluidic Platforms for the Investigation of Fuel Cell Catalysts and Electrodes written by Fikile R. Brushett and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clear need exists for novel approaches to producing and utilizing energy in more efficient ways, in light of society0́9s ever increasing demand as well as growing concerns with respect to climate change related to CO2 emissions. The development of low temperature fuel cell technologies will continue to play an important role in many alternative energy conversion strategies, especially for portable electronics and automotive applications. However, widespread commercialization of fuel cell technologies has yet to be achieved due to a combination of high costs, poor durability and, system performance limitations (Chapter 1). Developing a better understanding of the complex interplay of electrochemical, transport, and degradation processes that govern the performance and durability of novel fuel cell components, particularly catalysts and electrodes, within operating fuel cells is critical to designing robust, inexpensive configurations that are required for commercial introduction. Such detailed in-situ investigations of individual electrode processes are complicated by other factors such as water management, uneven performance across electrodes, and temperature gradients. Indeed, too many processes are interdependent on the same few variable parameters, necessitating the development of novel analytical platforms with more degrees of freedom. Previously, membraneless microfluidic fuel cells have been developed to address some of the aforementioned fuel cell challenges (Chapter 2). At the microscale, the laminar nature of fluid flow eliminates the need for a physical barrier, such as a stationary membrane, while still allowing ionic transport between electrodes. This enables the development of many unique and innovative fuel cell designs. In addition to addressing water management and fuel crossover issues, these laminar flow-based systems allow for the independent specification of individual stream compositions (e.g., pH). Furthermore, the use of a liquid electrolyte enables the simple in-situ analysis of individual electrode performance using an off-the-shelf reference electrode. These advantages can be leveraged to develop microfluidic fuel cells as versatile electro-analytical platforms for the characterization and optimization of catalysts and electrodes for both membrane- and membraneless fuel cells applications. To this end, a microfluidic hydrogen-oxygen (H2/O2) fuel cell has been developed which utilizes a flowing liquid electrolyte instead of a stationary polymeric membrane. For analytical investigations, the flowing stream (i) enables autonomous control over electrolyte parameters (i.e., pH, composition) and consequently the local electrode environments, as well as (ii) allows for the independent in-situ analyses of catalyst and/or electrode performance and degradation characteristics via an external reference electrode (e.g., Ag/AgCl). Thus, this microfluidic analytical platform enables a high number of experimental degrees of freedom, previously limited to a three-electrode electrochemical cell, to be employed in the construct of working fuel cell. Using this microfluidic H2/O2 fuel cell as a versatile analytical platform, the focus of this work is to provide critical insight into the following research areas: 0́Ø Identify the key processes that govern the electrode performance and durability in alkaline fuel cells as a function of preparation methods and operating parameters (Chapter 3). 0́Ø Determine the suitability of a novel Pt-free oxygen reduction reaction catalyst embedded in gas diffusion electrodes for acidic and alkaline fuel cell applications (Chapter 4). 0́Ø Establish electrode structure-activity relationships by aligning in-situ electrochemical analyses with ex-situ microtomographic (MicroCT) structural analyses (Chapter 5). 0́Ø Investigate the feasibility and utility of a microfluidic-based vapor feed direct methanol fuel cell (VF-DMFC) configuration as a power source for portable applications (Chapter 6). In all these areas, the information garnered from these in-situ analytical platforms will advance the development of more robust and cost-effective electrode configurations and thus more durable and commercially-viable fuel cell systems (both membrane-based and membraneless).

Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices with Application to Membraneless Fuel Cells

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (858 download)

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Book Synopsis Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices with Application to Membraneless Fuel Cells by : Jon McKechnie

Download or read book Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices with Application to Membraneless Fuel Cells written by Jon McKechnie and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is part of an ongoing collaborative research project focused on the development of microstructured enzymatic fuel cells. Both enzymatic fuel cells and co-laminar fuel cells are, more generally, varieties of microfluidic membraneless fuel cells. A primary goal of this particular work is the establishment of microfabrication capabilities to develop these technologies. Rapid prototyping soft lithography capabilities are established in-house and protocols specific to the lab equipment are developed. These prototyping methods are then adapted for the fabrication of microfluidic membraneless fuel cells. Fabrication techniques using polymeric stencils and photoresist-based channel structures are developed to enable electrode patterning and current collection in the enzymatic and co-laminar fuel cells of interest. A variety of electrode patterning methods are developed. Gold electrode patterning by etching and lift-off techniques are investigated for the patterning of base electrode layers. An in-situ gold electrode patterning methodology is designed and tested, eliminating the need for precision alignment during device assembly. Carbon electrode patterning methods are developed for use in a vanadium-based colaminar fuel cell. Thin-film carbon electrodes are fabricated using a mixture of carbon microparticles and a polymeric binder. Alternatively, graphite rods are investigated for use as electrodes due to their high conductivity and chemical stability. The integration of channel structure and electrode fabrication methods is investigated to establish compatibilities and facilitate the assembly of functional devices. In addition to the development of these methods, the application of co-laminar streaming to microfabrication is explored through the development of a dynamic microfluidic photomasking device.

Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices with Application to Membraneless Fuel Cells

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (858 download)

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Book Synopsis Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices with Application to Membraneless Fuel Cells by : Jon McKechnie

Download or read book Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices with Application to Membraneless Fuel Cells written by Jon McKechnie and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is part of an ongoing collaborative research project focused on the development of microstructured enzymatic fuel cells. Both enzymatic fuel cells and co-laminar fuel cells are, more generally, varieties of microfluidic membraneless fuel cells. A primary goal of this particular work is the establishment of microfabrication capabilities to develop these technologies. Rapid prototyping soft lithography capabilities are established in-house and protocols specific to the lab equipment are developed. These prototyping methods are then adapted for the fabrication of microfluidic membraneless fuel cells. Fabrication techniques using polymeric stencils and photoresist-based channel structures are developed to enable electrode patterning and current collection in the enzymatic and co-laminar fuel cells of interest. A variety of electrode patterning methods are developed. Gold electrode patterning by etching and lift-off techniques are investigated for the patterning of base electrode layers. An in-situ gold electrode patterning methodology is designed and tested, eliminating the need for precision alignment during device assembly. Carbon electrode patterning methods are developed for use in a vanadium-based colaminar fuel cell. Thin-film carbon electrodes are fabricated using a mixture of carbon microparticles and a polymeric binder. Alternatively, graphite rods are investigated for use as electrodes due to their high conductivity and chemical stability. The integration of channel structure and electrode fabrication methods is investigated to establish compatibilities and facilitate the assembly of functional devices. In addition to the development of these methods, the application of co-laminar streaming to microfabrication is explored through the development of a dynamic microfluidic photomasking device.

Transport Phenomena and Interfacial Kinetics in Planar Microfluidic Membraneless Fuel Cells

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Transport Phenomena and Interfacial Kinetics in Planar Microfluidic Membraneless Fuel Cells by :

Download or read book Transport Phenomena and Interfacial Kinetics in Planar Microfluidic Membraneless Fuel Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our work is focused on membraneless laminar flow fuel cells, an unconventional fuel cell technology, intended to create a system that not only avoids most typical fuel cell drawbacks, but also achieves the highest power density yet recorded for a non-H2 fuel cell. We have employed rigorous electrochemistry to characterize the high-energy- density fuel BH4-, providing important mechanistic insight for anode catalyst choice and avoiding deleterious side reactions. Numerous fuel cell oxidants, used in place of O2, are compared in a detailed, uniform manner, and a powerful new oxidant, cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN), is described. The high-voltage BH4−/CAN fuel/oxidant combination is employed in a membraneless, room temperature, laminar-flow fuel cell, with herringbone micromixers which provide chaotic-convective flow which, in turn, enhances both the power output and efficiency of the device. We have also been involved in the design of a scaled-up version of the membraneless laminar flow fuel cell intended to provide a 10W output.

Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology

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Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9533074809
Total Pages : 746 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology by : Marco Aurelio Dos Santos Bernardes

Download or read book Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology written by Marco Aurelio Dos Santos Bernardes and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aspires to be a comprehensive summary of current biofuels issues and thereby contribute to the understanding of this important topic. Readers will find themes including biofuels development efforts, their implications for the food industry, current and future biofuels crops, the successful Brazilian ethanol program, insights of the first, second, third and fourth biofuel generations, advanced biofuel production techniques, related waste treatment, emissions and environmental impacts, water consumption, produced allergens and toxins. Additionally, the biofuel policy discussion is expected to be continuing in the foreseeable future and the reading of the biofuels features dealt with in this book, are recommended for anyone interested in understanding this diverse and developing theme.

Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices with Application to Membraneless Fuel Cells

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices with Application to Membraneless Fuel Cells by :

Download or read book Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices with Application to Membraneless Fuel Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is part of an ongoing collaborative research project focused on the development of microstructured enzymatic fuel cells. Both enzymatic fuel cells and co-laminar fuel cells are, more generally, varieties of microfluidic membraneless fuel cells. A primary goal of this particular work is the establishment of microfabrication capabilities to develop these technologies. Rapid prototyping soft lithography capabilities are established in-house and protocols specific to the lab equipment are developed. These prototyping methods are then adapted for the fabrication of microfluidic membraneless fuel cells. Fabrication techniques using polymeric stencils and photoresist-based channel structures are developed to enable electrode patterning and current collection in the enzymatic and co-laminar fuel cells of interest. A variety of electrode patterning methods are developed. Gold electrode patterning by etching and lift-off techniques are investigated for the patterning of base electrode layers. An in-situ gold electrode patterning methodology is designed and tested, eliminating the need for precision alignment during device assembly. Carbon electrode patterning methods are developed for use in a vanadium-based colaminar fuel cell. Thin-film carbon electrodes are fabricated using a mixture of carbon microparticles and a polymeric binder. Alternatively, graphite rods are investigated for use as electrodes due to their high conductivity and chemical stability. The integration of channel structure and electrode fabrication methods is investigated to establish compatibilities and facilitate the assembly of functional devices. In addition to the development of these methods, the application of co-laminar streaming to microfabrication is explored through the development of a dynamic microfluidic photomasking device.

Materials for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527330429
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells by : Bradley Ladewig

Download or read book Materials for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells written by Bradley Ladewig and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-09 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are a large number of books available on fuel cells; however, the majority are on specific types of fuel cells such as solid oxide fuel cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells, or on specific technical aspects of fuel cells, e.g., the system or stack engineering. Thus, there is a need for a book focused on materials requirements in fuel cells. Key Materials in Low-Temperature Fuel Cells is a concise source of the most important and key materials and catalysts in low-temperature fuel cells. A related book will cover key materials in high-temperature fuel cells. The two books form part of the "Materials for Sustainable Energy & Development" series. Key Materials in Low-Temperature Fuel Cells brings together world leaders and experts in this field and provides a lucid description of the materials assessment of fuel cell technologies. With an emphasis on the technical development and applications of key materials in low-temperature fuel cells, this text covers fundamental principles, advancement, challenges, and important current research themes. Topics covered include: proton exchange membrane fuel cells, direct methanol and ethanol fuel cells, microfluidic fuel cells, biofuel cells, alkaline membrane fuel cells, functionalized carbon nanotubes as catalyst supports, nanostructured Pt catalysts, non-PGM catalysts, membranes, and materials modeling. This book is an essential reference source for researchers, engineers and technicians in academia, research institutes and industry working in the fields of fuel cells, energy materials, electrochemistry and materials science and engineering.

Microbial Fuel Cell

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319667939
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Fuel Cell by : Debabrata Das

Download or read book Microbial Fuel Cell written by Debabrata Das and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a novel attempt to describe microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a renewable energy source derived from organic wastes. Bioelectricity is usually produced through MFCs in oxygen-deficient environments, where a series of microorganisms convert the complex wastes into electrons via liquefaction through a cascade of enzymes in a bioelectrochemical process. The book provides a detailed description of MFC technologies and their applications, along with the theories underlying the electron transfer mechanisms, the biochemistry and the microbiology involved, and the material characteristics of the anode, cathode and separator. It is intended for a broad audience, mainly undergraduates, postgraduates, energy researchers, scientists working in industry and at research organizations, energy specialists, policymakers, and anyone else interested in the latest developments concerning MFCs.

Fuel Cell Catalysis

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470463740
Total Pages : 722 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Fuel Cell Catalysis by : Andrzej Wieckowski

Download or read book Fuel Cell Catalysis written by Andrzej Wieckowski and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wiley Series on Electrocatalysis and Electrochemistry Fuel Cell Catalysis A Surface Science Approach A Core reference on fuel cell catalysis Fuel cells represent an important alternative energy source and a very active area of research. Fuel Cell Catalysis brings together world leaders in this field, providing a unique combination of state-of-the-art theory and computational and experimental methods. With an emphasis on understanding fuel cell catalysis at the molecular level, this text covers fundamental principles, future challenges, and important current research themes. Fuel Cell Catalysis: Provides a molecular-level description of catalysis for low-temperature polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cells, including both hydrogen-oxygen cells and direct alcohol cells Examines catalysis issues of both anode and cathode such as oxygen reduction, alcohol oxidation, and CO tolerance Features a timely and forward-looking approach through emphasis on novel aspects such as computation and bio-inspiration Reviews the use and potential of surface-sensitive techniques like vibrational spectroscopy (IR, Raman, nonlinear spectroscopy, laser), scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray scattering, NMR, electrochemical techniques, and more Reviews the use and potential of such modern computational techniques as DFT, ab initio MD, kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, and more Surveys important trends in reactivity and structure sensitivity, nanoparticles, "dynamic" catalysis, electrocatalysis vs. gas-phase catalysis, new experimental techniques, and nontraditional catalysts This cutting-edge collection offers a core reference for electrochemists, electrocatalysis researchers, surface and physical chemists, chemical and automotive engineers, and researchers in academia, research institutes, and industry.

Performance Enhancements of Microfluidic Fuel Cells with Flow-through Porous Electrodes

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Performance Enhancements of Microfluidic Fuel Cells with Flow-through Porous Electrodes by : Jin Wook Lee

Download or read book Performance Enhancements of Microfluidic Fuel Cells with Flow-through Porous Electrodes written by Jin Wook Lee and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents performance improvements of microfluidic fuel cells with flow-through porous electrodes. The baseline cell is a laminar flow-based, membraneless, microfluidic fuel cell employing vanadium redox species (as electrolytes). The main objective of the current work is to establish a design guideline for microfluidic fuel cells and to propose new design strategies that lead to better performing cells. The fundamental physics including fluid flow, electrochemical reactions in porous media, and convective/diffusive mass transport is closely investigated. Various loss elements during the baseline cell operation such as activation, ohmic, and mass transport losses are identified and compared. Some feasible and practical remedies to reduce the overall losses are proposed and successfully demonstrated: thin film current collector for the overall ohmic loss; nanofoam material as electrodes to reduce the activation loss; and novel concept to overcome mass transport limited performances. Further improvements would be anticipated if both ohmic and fluidic resistances of the nanofoam material are reduced. Uniform distribution of the pore sizes is also important to maximize the utilization of active electrode areas. When combined, the demonstrated technologies and design improvements are anticipated to bring this unique membraneless and catalyst-free fuel cell closer to commercialization as a low-cost power source.