Mechanisms Of Speech Recognition

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Mechanisms of Speech Recognition

Author : W. A. Ainsworth
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483137929
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Speech Recognition by : W. A. Ainsworth

Download or read book Mechanisms of Speech Recognition written by W. A. Ainsworth and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-18 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanisms of Speech Recognition explores the mechanisms underlying speech recognition. Topics covered include the auditory system, speech production, auditory psychophysics, speech synthesis and analysis, vowel and consonant recognition, and perception of prosodic features and of distorted speech. Automatic speech recognition and models of speech recognition are also given consideration. This volume consists of 11 chapters and begins with an overview of speech recognition, communication, and production. More specifically, it examines the way in which the organs of the vocal apparatus are employed to transform a message consisting of a string of linguistic units, such as words or phonemes, into a wave of continuous sounds which are recognized as speech. The auditory system and its parts are then described, from the ears to the organ of Corti and nerve cells. The chapters that follow focus on the behavior of the hearing system, the various techniques of analyzing speech sounds, and speech synthesizers such as vocoders. The mechanisms underlying the recognition of vowels and consonants are also described, along with the physical parameters of the speech wave which signal the prosody of an utterance, the effects of distortions in the speech wave on speech perception, and tools used in automatic speech recognition. The book concludes with an evaluation of models of speech recognition. This book will be of interest to phoneticians, linguists, physiologists, psychologists, and physicists.

Mechanisms of Speech Recognition

Author : William Anthony Ainsworth
Publisher : Pergamon
ISBN 13 : 9780080203942
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Speech Recognition by : William Anthony Ainsworth

Download or read book Mechanisms of Speech Recognition written by William Anthony Ainsworth and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1976-01-01 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the acoustics of speech production & the mechanisms of the ear. Introduces psychological techniques to show the sensitivity & limits of hearing. Describes methods of analysing & synthesizing speech sounds. Gives an introduction to the machine recognition of speech.

Speech Processing in the Auditory System

Author : Steven Greenberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387215751
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Speech Processing in the Auditory System by : Steven Greenberg

Download or read book Speech Processing in the Auditory System written by Steven Greenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-09 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although speech is the primary behavioral medium by which humans communicate, its auditory basis is poorly understood, having profound implications on efforts to ameliorate the behavioral consequences of hearing impairment and on the development of robust algorithms for computer speech recognition. In this volume, the authors provide an up-to-date synthesis of recent research in the area of speech processing in the auditory system, bringing together a diverse range of scientists to present the subject from an interdisciplinary perspective. Of particular concern is the ability to understand speech in uncertain, potentially adverse acoustic environments, currently the bane of both hearing aid and speech recognition technology. There is increasing evidence that the perceptual stability characteristic of speech understanding is due, at least in part, to elegant transformations of the acoustic signal performed by auditory mechanisms. As a comprehensive review of speech's auditory basis, this book will interest physiologists, anatomists, psychologists, phoneticians, computer scientists, biomedical and electrical engineers, and clinicians.

The Speech Chain

Author : Peter B. Denes
Publisher : Waveland Press
ISBN 13 : 1478631074
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (786 download)

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Book Synopsis The Speech Chain by : Peter B. Denes

Download or read book The Speech Chain written by Peter B. Denes and published by Waveland Press. This book was released on 2015-07-10 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech is usually taken for granted, and its fundamental importance is often overlooked. Communication by speech sets humans apart from other animals: it facilitates our ability to think abstractly, it allows us to coordinate our efforts with one another, and it contributes significantly to the development of human societies. Spoken communication is an extremely intricate process. A complex chain of events links speaker to listener, a chain that involves not only physics and acoustics, but also anatomy, physiology, linguistics, and psychology. The Speech Chain explains simply and clearly the basic mechanisms involved in spoken communication, from the speaker’s production of words, to the transmission of sound, to the listener’s perception of what has been said. The Speech Chain has been well-known as an easy-to-read introduction to the fundamentals of spoken communication. The book has now been thoroughly revised and updated to give a state-of-the art description of each link in the speech chain. Included are new chapters on the digital processing of speech and on the use of computers for the generation of synthetic speech and for automatic speech recognition. Professionals, teachers, students, and others interested in how we communicate with one another will find The Speech Chain a useful introduction to this uniquely human capability. This interdisciplinary account is also accessible to persons with no previous knowledge of the fields involved.

Neural Mechanisms of Perceptual Categorization as Precursors to Speech Perception

Author : Einat Liebenthal
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889451585
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Mechanisms of Perceptual Categorization as Precursors to Speech Perception by : Einat Liebenthal

Download or read book Neural Mechanisms of Perceptual Categorization as Precursors to Speech Perception written by Einat Liebenthal and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-05-03 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perceptual categorization is fundamental to the brain’s remarkable ability to process large amounts of sensory information and efficiently recognize objects including speech. Perceptual categorization is the neural bridge between lower-level sensory and higher-level language processing. A long line of research on the physical properties of the speech signal as determined by the anatomy and physiology of the speech production apparatus has led to descriptions of the acoustic information that is used in speech recognition (e.g., stop consonants place and manner of articulation, voice onset time, aspiration). Recent research has also considered what visual cues are relevant to visual speech recognition (i.e., the visual counter-parts used in lipreading or audiovisual speech perception). Much of the theoretical work on speech perception was done in the twentieth century without the benefit of neuroimaging technologies and models of neural representation. Recent progress in understanding the functional organization of sensory and association cortices based on advances in neuroimaging presents the possibility of achieving a comprehensive and far reaching account of perception in the service of language. At the level of cell assemblies, research in animals and humans suggests that neurons in the temporal cortex are important for encoding biological categories. On the cellular level, different classes of neurons (interneurons and pyramidal neurons) have been suggested to play differential roles in the neural computations underlying auditory and visual categorization. The moment is ripe for a research topic focused on neural mechanisms mediating the emergence of speech representations (including auditory, visual and even somatosensory based forms). Important progress can be achieved by juxtaposing within the same research topic the knowledge that currently exists, the identified lacunae, and the theories that can support future investigations. This research topic provides a snapshot and platform for discussion of current understanding of neural mechanisms underlying the formation of perceptual categories and their relationship to language from a multidisciplinary and multisensory perspective. It includes contributions (reviews, original research, methodological developments) pertaining to the neural substrates, dynamics, and mechanisms underlying perceptual categorization and their interaction with neural processes governing speech perception.

Audiovisual Speech Recognition: Correspondence between Brain and Behavior

Author : Nicholas Altieri
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889192512
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Audiovisual Speech Recognition: Correspondence between Brain and Behavior by : Nicholas Altieri

Download or read book Audiovisual Speech Recognition: Correspondence between Brain and Behavior written by Nicholas Altieri and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-07-09 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perceptual processes mediating recognition, including the recognition of objects and spoken words, is inherently multisensory. This is true in spite of the fact that sensory inputs are segregated in early stages of neuro-sensory encoding. In face-to-face communication, for example, auditory information is processed in the cochlea, encoded in auditory sensory nerve, and processed in lower cortical areas. Eventually, these “sounds” are processed in higher cortical pathways such as the auditory cortex where it is perceived as speech. Likewise, visual information obtained from observing a talker’s articulators is encoded in lower visual pathways. Subsequently, this information undergoes processing in the visual cortex prior to the extraction of articulatory gestures in higher cortical areas associated with speech and language. As language perception unfolds, information garnered from visual articulators interacts with language processing in multiple brain regions. This occurs via visual projections to auditory, language, and multisensory brain regions. The association of auditory and visual speech signals makes the speech signal a highly “configural” percept. An important direction for the field is thus to provide ways to measure the extent to which visual speech information influences auditory processing, and likewise, assess how the unisensory components of the signal combine to form a configural/integrated percept. Numerous behavioral measures such as accuracy (e.g., percent correct, susceptibility to the “McGurk Effect”) and reaction time (RT) have been employed to assess multisensory integration ability in speech perception. On the other hand, neural based measures such as fMRI, EEG and MEG have been employed to examine the locus and or time-course of integration. The purpose of this Research Topic is to find converging behavioral and neural based assessments of audiovisual integration in speech perception. A further aim is to investigate speech recognition ability in normal hearing, hearing-impaired, and aging populations. As such, the purpose is to obtain neural measures from EEG as well as fMRI that shed light on the neural bases of multisensory processes, while connecting them to model based measures of reaction time and accuracy in the behavioral domain. In doing so, we endeavor to gain a more thorough description of the neural bases and mechanisms underlying integration in higher order processes such as speech and language recognition.

Rethinking Reduction

Author : Francesco Cangemi
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110524171
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Reduction by : Francesco Cangemi

Download or read book Rethinking Reduction written by Francesco Cangemi and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-06-25 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phonetically reduced forms are plentiful, theoretically interesting, and a key challenge for automatic speech recognition systems. Yet canonical forms are still central to models of production and perception. Drawing from different fields and diverse languages, this volume brings new insights to the debate on abstractions and canonical forms in linguistics: their psychological reality, descriptive adequacy, and technical implementability.

Cognitive Hearing Mechanisms of Language Understanding: Short- and Long-Term Perspectives

Author : Rachel J. Ellis
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889453030
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Hearing Mechanisms of Language Understanding: Short- and Long-Term Perspectives by : Rachel J. Ellis

Download or read book Cognitive Hearing Mechanisms of Language Understanding: Short- and Long-Term Perspectives written by Rachel J. Ellis and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-10-18 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mechanisms of Speech Recognition

Author : William Anthony Ainsworth
Publisher : Pergamon
ISBN 13 : 9780080203959
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Speech Recognition by : William Anthony Ainsworth

Download or read book Mechanisms of Speech Recognition written by William Anthony Ainsworth and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1976 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the acoustics of speech production & the mechanisms of the ear. Introduces psychological techniques to show the sensitivity & limits of hearing. Describes methods of analysing & synthesizing speech sounds. Gives an introduction to the machine recognition of speech.

Speaker Perception and Recognition. An Integrative Framework for Computational Speech Processing

Author : Oxana Lapteva
Publisher : kassel university press GmbH
ISBN 13 : 3862191753
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (621 download)

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Book Synopsis Speaker Perception and Recognition. An Integrative Framework for Computational Speech Processing by : Oxana Lapteva

Download or read book Speaker Perception and Recognition. An Integrative Framework for Computational Speech Processing written by Oxana Lapteva and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2011 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Perception and Production of Fluent Speech

Author : Ronald A. Cole
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131727251X
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Perception and Production of Fluent Speech by : Ronald A. Cole

Download or read book Perception and Production of Fluent Speech written by Ronald A. Cole and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1980, this title looks at the mental processes involved in producing and understanding spoken language. Although there had been several edited volumes on speech in the previous ten years, this volume was unique in that it deals exclusively with perception and production of fluent speech. The chapters in this volume, contributed to by distinguished scientists from psychology, linguistics and computer science, deal with such questions as: How are ideas encoded into sound? How does a speaker plan an utterance? How are words recognized? What is the role of knowledge in speech perception? In short, how do people communicate with each other using speech?

The Cognitive Representation of Speech

Author : T. Myers
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780080866611
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (666 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cognitive Representation of Speech by : T. Myers

Download or read book The Cognitive Representation of Speech written by T. Myers and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1981-12-01 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 32 main papers, taken together, provide a comprehensive review of speech research by scientists who have made leading contributions to our understanding of the topics discussed. The papers are assembled within a coherent, problem-oriented structure.

Speech Recognition in Adverse Conditions

Author : Sven Mattys
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317836812
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis Speech Recognition in Adverse Conditions by : Sven Mattys

Download or read book Speech Recognition in Adverse Conditions written by Sven Mattys and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech recognition in ‘adverse conditions’ has been a familiar area of research in computer science, engineering, and hearing sciences for several decades. In contrast, most psycholinguistic theories of speech recognition are built upon evidence gathered from tasks performed by healthy listeners on carefully recorded speech, in a quiet environment, and under conditions of undivided attention. Building upon the momentum initiated by the Psycholinguistic Approaches to Speech Recognition in Adverse Conditions workshop held in Bristol, UK, in 2010, the aim of this volume is to promote a multi-disciplinary, yet unified approach to the perceptual, cognitive, and neuro-physiological mechanisms underpinning the recognition of degraded speech, variable speech, speech experienced under cognitive load, and speech experienced by theoretically relevant populations. This collection opens with a review of the literature and a formal classification of adverse conditions. The research articles then highlight those adverse conditions with the greatest potential for constraining theory, showing that some speech phenomena often believed to be immutable can be affected by noise, surface variations, or attentional set in ways that will force researchers to rethink their theory. This volume is essential for those interested in speech recognition outside laboratory constraints.

Nonlinear Speech Modeling and Applications

Author : Gerard Chollet
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540274413
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Nonlinear Speech Modeling and Applications by : Gerard Chollet

Download or read book Nonlinear Speech Modeling and Applications written by Gerard Chollet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-07-04 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the revised tutorial lectures given at the International Summer School on Nonlinear Speech Processing-Algorithms and Analysis held in Vietri sul Mare, Salerno, Italy in September 2004. The 14 revised tutorial lectures by leading international researchers are organized in topical sections on dealing with nonlinearities in speech signals, acoustic-to-articulatory modeling of speech phenomena, data driven and speech processing algorithms, and algorithms and models based on speech perception mechanisms. Besides the tutorial lectures, 15 revised reviewed papers are included presenting original research results on task oriented speech applications.

Advances in Non-Linear Modeling for Speech Processing

Author : Raghunath S. Holambe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461415047
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Non-Linear Modeling for Speech Processing by : Raghunath S. Holambe

Download or read book Advances in Non-Linear Modeling for Speech Processing written by Raghunath S. Holambe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-21 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Non-Linear Modeling for Speech Processing includes advanced topics in non-linear estimation and modeling techniques along with their applications to speaker recognition. Non-linear aeroacoustic modeling approach is used to estimate the important fine-structure speech events, which are not revealed by the short time Fourier transform (STFT). This aeroacostic modeling approach provides the impetus for the high resolution Teager energy operator (TEO). This operator is characterized by a time resolution that can track rapid signal energy changes within a glottal cycle. The cepstral features like linear prediction cepstral coefficients (LPCC) and mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) are computed from the magnitude spectrum of the speech frame and the phase spectra is neglected. To overcome the problem of neglecting the phase spectra, the speech production system can be represented as an amplitude modulation-frequency modulation (AM-FM) model. To demodulate the speech signal, to estimation the amplitude envelope and instantaneous frequency components, the energy separation algorithm (ESA) and the Hilbert transform demodulation (HTD) algorithm are discussed. Different features derived using above non-linear modeling techniques are used to develop a speaker identification system. Finally, it is shown that, the fusion of speech production and speech perception mechanisms can lead to a robust feature set.

Speech Perception and Spoken Word Recognition

Author : Gareth Gaskell
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317677420
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Speech Perception and Spoken Word Recognition by : Gareth Gaskell

Download or read book Speech Perception and Spoken Word Recognition written by Gareth Gaskell and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-10-04 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speech Perception and Spoken Word Recognition features contributions from the field’s leading scientists, and covers recent developments and current issues in the study of cognitive and neural mechanisms that take patterns of air vibrations and turn them ‘magically’ into meaning. The volume makes a unique theoretical contribution in linking behavioural and cognitive neuroscience research, and cutting across traditional strands of study, such as adult and developmental processing. The book: Focusses on the state of the art in the study of speech perception and spoken word recognition Discusses the interplay between behavioural and cognitive neuroscience evidence, and between adult and developmental research Evaluates key theories in the field and relates them to recent empirical advances, including the relationship between speech perception and speech production, meaning representation and real-time activation, and bilingual and monolingual spoken word recognition Examines emerging areas of study such as word learning and time-course of memory consolidation, and how the science of human speech perception can help computer speech recognition Overall this book presents a renewed focus on theoretical and developmental issues, as well as a multifaceted and broad review of the state of research, in speech perception and spoken word recognition. Particularly interested readers will be researchers of psycholinguistics and adjoining fields as well as advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students.

Lectures on Solid State Physics

Author : Georg Busch
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483157539
Total Pages : 555 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis Lectures on Solid State Physics by : Georg Busch

Download or read book Lectures on Solid State Physics written by Georg Busch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lectures on Solid State Physics is a compilation of lectures concerned with various branches of solid state physics. It aims to develop basic physical ideas that lead to a better understanding of phenomena and effects. Comprised of 11 chapters, this book discusses several topics on solid state physics: structure of solids; interference effects in crystals; lattice dynamics; perfect and imperfect crystals; electrons and electron theory of metals; semiconductors; electrical contact effects; transport phenomena, and magnetism. Students, physics graduates, electrical engineers, chemists, and metallurgists will find this book invaluable.