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Mechanisms Of Cortical Theta Rhythms And Their Relation To Visual Perception
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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of cortical theta rhythms and their relation to visual perception by : Ricardo Kienitz
Download or read book Mechanisms of cortical theta rhythms and their relation to visual perception written by Ricardo Kienitz and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-04-12 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dissertation vom Fachbereich Biologie der Technischen Universität Darmstadt
Book Synopsis Induced Rhythms in the Brain by : Basar
Download or read book Induced Rhythms in the Brain written by Basar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is easy to imagine the excitement that pervaded the neurological world in the late 1920's and early 1930's when Berger's first descriptions of the electro encephalogram appeared. Berger was not the first to discover that changes in electric potential can be recorded from the surface of the head, but it was he who first systematized the method, and it was he who first proposed that explanatory correlations might be found between the electroencephalogram, brain processes, and behavioral states. An explosion of activity quickly fol lowed: studies were made of the brain waves in virtually every conceivable behavioral state, ranging from normal human subjects to those with major psychoses or with epilepsy, to state changes such as the sleep-wakefulness transition. There evolved from this the discipline of Clinical Electroencepha lography which rapidly took a valued place in clinical neurology and neuro surgery. Moreover, use of the method in experimental animals led to a further understanding of such state changes as attention-inattention, arousal, and sleep and wakefulness. The evoked potential method, derived from electro encephalography, was used in neurophysiological research to construct pre cise maps of the projection of sensory systems upon the neocortex. These maps still form the initial guides to studies of the cortical mechanisms in sensation and perception. The use of the event-related potential paradigm has proved useful in studies of the brain mechanisms of some cognitive functions of the brain.
Book Synopsis Quantitative EEG, Event-Related Potentials and Neurotherapy by : Juri D. Kropotov
Download or read book Quantitative EEG, Event-Related Potentials and Neurotherapy written by Juri D. Kropotov and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-28 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the brain is ruled to a large extent by chemical neurotransmitters, it is also a bioelectric organ. The collective study of Quantitative ElectroEncephaloGraphs (QEEG-the conversion of brainwaves to digital form to allow for comparison between neurologically normative and dysfunctional individuals), Event Related Potentials (ERPs - electrophysiological response to stimulus) and Neurotherapy (the process of actually retraining brain processes to) offers a window into brain physiology and function via computer and statistical analyses of traditional EEG patterns, suggesting innovative approaches to the improvement of attention, anxiety, mood and behavior.The volume provides detailed description of the various EEG rhythms and ERPs, the conventional analytic methods such as spectral analysis, and the emerging method utilizing QEEG and ERPs. This research is then related back to practice and all existing approaches in the field of Neurotherapy - conventional EEG-based neurofeedback, brain-computer interface, transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation - are covered in full. While it does not offer the breadth provided by an edited work, this volume does provide a level of depth and detail that a single author can deliver, as well as giving readers insight into the personl theories of one of the preeminent leaders in the field. Provide a holistic picture of quantitative EEG and event related potentials as a unified scientific field Present a unified description of the methods of quantitative EEG and event related potentials Give a scientifically based overview of existing approaches in the field of neurotherapy Provide practical information for the better understanding and treatment of disorders, such as ADHD, Schizophrenia, Addiction, OCD, Depression, and Alzheimer's Disease
Book Synopsis Stimulus Dependence of Theta Rhythmic Activity in Primate V1 and Its Potential Relevance for Visual Perception by : Prasakti Tenri Fanyiwi
Download or read book Stimulus Dependence of Theta Rhythmic Activity in Primate V1 and Its Potential Relevance for Visual Perception written by Prasakti Tenri Fanyiwi and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A growing body of psychophysical research reports theta (3-8 Hz) rhythmic fluctuations in visual perception that are often attributed to an attentional sampling mechanism arising from theta rhythmic neural activity in mid- to high-level cortical association areas. However, it remains unclear to what extent such neuronal theta oscillations might already emerge at early sensory cortex like the primary visual cortex (V1), e.g. from the stimulus filter properties of neurons. To address this question, we recorded multi-unit neural activity from V1 of two macaque monkeys viewing a static visual stimulus with variable sizes, orientations and contrasts. We found that among the visually responsive electrode sites, more than 50 % showed a spectral peak at theta frequencies. Theta power varied with varying basic stimulus properties. Within each of these stimulus property domains (e.g. size), there was usually a single stimulus value that induced the strongest theta activity. In addition to these variations in theta power, the peak frequency of theta oscillations increased with increasing stimulus size and also changed depending on the stimulus position in the visual field. Further analysis confirmed that this neural theta rhythm was indeed stimulus-induced and did not arise from small fixational eye movements (microsaccades). When the monkeys performed a detection task of a target embedded in a theta-generating visual stimulus, reaction times also tended to fluctuate at the same theta frequency as the one observed in the neural activity. The present study shows that a highly stimulus-dependent neuronal theta oscillation can be elicited in V1 that appears to influence the temporal dynamics of visual perception.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Modeling Neuronal Dynamics by : Christoph Börgers
Download or read book An Introduction to Modeling Neuronal Dynamics written by Christoph Börgers and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended as a text for a one-semester course on Mathematical and Computational Neuroscience for upper-level undergraduate and beginning graduate students of mathematics, the natural sciences, engineering, or computer science. An undergraduate introduction to differential equations is more than enough mathematical background. Only a slim, high school-level background in physics is assumed, and none in biology. Topics include models of individual nerve cells and their dynamics, models of networks of neurons coupled by synapses and gap junctions, origins and functions of population rhythms in neuronal networks, and models of synaptic plasticity. An extensive online collection of Matlab programs generating the figures accompanies the book.
Book Synopsis The Dynamics of Category-specific Perception in Ventral Temporal Cortex by : Kai Joshua Miller
Download or read book The Dynamics of Category-specific Perception in Ventral Temporal Cortex written by Kai Joshua Miller and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rhythms of the Brain by : Gyorgy Buzsaki
Download or read book Rhythms of the Brain written by Gyorgy Buzsaki and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-08-03 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides eloquent support for the idea that spontaneous neuron activity, far from being mere noise, is actually the source of our cognitive abilities. In a sequence of "cycles," György Buzsáki guides the reader from the physics of oscillations through neuronal assembly organization to complex cognitive processing and memory storage. His clear, fluid writing-accessible to any reader with some scientific knowledge-is supplemented by extensive footnotes and references that make it just as gratifying and instructive a read for the specialist. The coherent view of a single author who has been at the forefront of research in this exciting field, this volume is essential reading for anyone interested in our rapidly evolving understanding of the brain.
Book Synopsis Movement-Related Changes in Hippocampal and Cortical Local Field Potentials by : Jack P. Kennedy
Download or read book Movement-Related Changes in Hippocampal and Cortical Local Field Potentials written by Jack P. Kennedy and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: pyramidale, stratum radiatum, and stratum lacunosum moleculare of the CA1 subregion, considering both speed and acceleration in tandem. In unconfined animals, it was found that running speed carries nearly all the variance in theta frequency and power, with a minute contribution from acceleration. Study 2 focused on the visual cortex, and the origins of theta rhythms present there. While visual cortical theta was tightly coupled to hippocampal theta and showed similar modulation by running velocity, conclusive evidence for local generation of theta was not found. Instead, the evidence suggests that cortical theta is comprised, at least in part, of theta volume conducted from the hippocampus. These results lay the foundation for future studies seeking to elucidate further the mechanisms underlying the generation of cortical theta and its role in inter-region communication.
Book Synopsis Brain Oscillations and Predictive Coding: What We Know and What We Should Learn by : Roumen Kirov
Download or read book Brain Oscillations and Predictive Coding: What We Know and What We Should Learn written by Roumen Kirov and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predictive coding (PC) is a neurocognitive concept, according to which the brain does not process the whole qualia of external information, but only residual mismatches occurring between incoming information and an individual, inner model of the world. At the time of issue initiation, I expected an essential focus on mismatch signals in the brain, especially those captured by neurophysiologic oscillations. This was because one most plausible approach to the PC concept is to identify and validate mismatch signals in the brain. Announcing the topic revealed a much deeper consideration of intelligible minds of researchers. It turned out that what was of fundamental interest was which brain mechanisms support the formation, maintenance and consolidation of the inner model determining PC. Is PC a dynamic construct continuously modulated by external environmental or internal mental information? The reader will be delighted to get acquainted with the current views and understanding of eminent scholars in the field. It will be challenging to discover the realm of sleep where both physiological, energy preserving and mental qualia principles build on the inner models to shape and transform the self. And where neurophysiologic oscillations may both transmit external information and translate inner models from state to state to preserve the self-continuity and compactness.
Book Synopsis Functional Neuromarkers for Psychiatry by : Juri D. Kropotov
Download or read book Functional Neuromarkers for Psychiatry written by Juri D. Kropotov and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-03 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functional Neuromarkers for Psychiatry explores recent advances in neuroscience that have allowed scientists to discover functional neuromarkers of psychiatric disorders. These neuromarkers include brain activation patterns seen via fMRI, PET, qEEG, and ERPs. The book examines these neuromarkers in detail—what to look for, how to use them in clinical practice, and the promise they provide toward early detection, prevention, and personalized treatment of mental disorders. The neuromarkers identified in this book have a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity higher than 80%. They are reliable, reproducible, inexpensive to measure, noninvasive, and have been confirmed by at least two independent studies. The book focuses primarily on the analysis of EEG and ERPs. It elucidates the neuronal mechanisms that generate EEG spontaneous rhythms and explores the functional meaning of ERP components in cognitive tasks. The functional neuromarkers for ADHD, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder are reviewed in detail. The book highlights how to use these functional neuromarkers for diagnosis, personalized neurotherapy, and monitoring treatment results. Identifies specific brain activation patterns that are neuromarkers for psychiatric disorders Includes neuromarkers as seen via fMRI, PET, qEEG, and ERPs Addresses neuromarkers for ADHD, schizophrenia, and OCD in detail Provides information on using neuromarkers for diagnosis and/or personalized treatment
Download or read book Vision and Movement written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Sensation, Perception, and Attention by :
Download or read book Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Sensation, Perception, and Attention written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-12 with total page 1674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: II. Sensation, Perception & Attention: John Serences (Volume Editor) (Topics covered include taste; visual object recognition; touch; depth perception; motor control; perceptual learning; the interface theory of perception; vestibular, proprioceptive, and haptic contributions to spatial orientation; olfaction; audition; time perception; attention; perception and interactive technology; music perception; multisensory integration; motion perception; vision; perceptual rhythms; perceptual organization; color vision; perception for action; visual search; visual cognition/working memory.)
Download or read book Neural Fields written by Stephen Coombes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-17 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural field theory has a long-standing tradition in the mathematical and computational neurosciences. Beginning almost 50 years ago with seminal work by Griffiths and culminating in the 1970ties with the models of Wilson and Cowan, Nunez and Amari, this important research area experienced a renaissance during the 1990ties by the groups of Ermentrout, Robinson, Bressloff, Wright and Haken. Since then, much progress has been made in both, the development of mathematical and numerical techniques and in physiological refinement und understanding. In contrast to large-scale neural network models described by huge connectivity matrices that are computationally expensive in numerical simulations, neural field models described by connectivity kernels allow for analytical treatment by means of methods from functional analysis. Thus, a number of rigorous results on the existence of bump and wave solutions or on inverse kernel construction problems are nowadays available. Moreover, neural fields provide an important interface for the coupling of neural activity to experimentally observable data, such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). And finally, neural fields over rather abstract feature spaces, also called dynamic fields, found successful applications in the cognitive sciences and in robotics. Up to now, research results in neural field theory have been disseminated across a number of distinct journals from mathematics, computational neuroscience, biophysics, cognitive science and others. There is no comprehensive collection of results or reviews available yet. With our proposed book Neural Field Theory, we aim at filling this gap in the market. We received consent from some of the leading scientists in the field, who are willing to write contributions for the book, among them are two of the founding-fathers of neural field theory: Shun-ichi Amari and Jack Cowan.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Behavioral State Control by : Ralph Lydic
Download or read book Handbook of Behavioral State Control written by Ralph Lydic and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-17 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Behavioral State Control: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms provides the first synthesis of information on the neurobiology of behavioral states, ranging from normal stress and sleep deprivation to debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders. This book presents a working reference on the cellular and molecular mechanisms generating arousal states; pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods of behavioral state control; and the bi-directional interaction between arousal state and the neurobiology of pain, and between sleep and the immune system.
Book Synopsis Rowan's Primer of EEG E-Book by : Lara V. Marcuse
Download or read book Rowan's Primer of EEG E-Book written by Lara V. Marcuse and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-09-22 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of Rowan’s Primer of EEG continues to provide clear, concise guidance on the difficult technical aspects of how to perform and interpret EEGs. Practical yet brief, it is perfectly suited for students, residents, and neurologists alike, while included reference material will be continually useful, even to the experienced doctor. Features brief, to-the-point text with easily understandable language for quick reference. Portable design makes it simple to carry anywhere. Concise, reader-friendly format features improved 4-color design and online quiz-format assessment questions within each chapter. Includes the new nomenclature for EEGs put forth by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society. Features a greater focus on pediatrics content and includes online videos detailing clinical descriptions of seizures and EEG interpretation. Delivers a concise chart of the EEG changes through the neonatal period. Offers enhanced coverage of epilepsy syndromes with a quick-access chart highlighting age of onset, prognosis, clinical characteristics, and EEG characteristics.
Book Synopsis Spontaneous Brain Activity and Top-down Mechanisms in Visual Perception by : Jason Samaha
Download or read book Spontaneous Brain Activity and Top-down Mechanisms in Visual Perception written by Jason Samaha and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Give a noiseless computer the same input and the same set of instructions and you should get back the same answer every time. Give a human the same sensory input and the same set of instructions and you can get an often-surprising amount of variability in their responses. This observation highlights the fact that perceptual decisions are determined not only by incoming signals from the sensory periphery, but also by the ever-changing internal state of the brain at the moment the input is given. What features of spontaneous brain activity account for such trial-to-trial variability in visual perception? Are these activities stochastic, or can they be sculpted by cognitive states, such as attention or expectations, in order to shape perceptual processing in accordance with one's goals? I'll present experiments that reveal how spontaneous brain activity in the form of ongoing oscillatory dynamics in the 8-13 Hz range (the so-called alpha rhythm) relate to perceptual variability. Different aspects of this oscillatory signal - the amplitude, phase, and peak frequency - are found to relate to different aspects of visual perception and can explain a significant amount of trial-to-trial variability in perceptual judgments. The same oscillatory parameters that, when varying spontaneously, predict perceptual variability, are also found to be under the influence of top-down control. Spatial attention, temporal expectations, and task-demands can modulate specific parameters of alpha-band activity in anticipation of an imperative visual stimulus. These experiments isolate specific features of oscillatory brain activity that account for perceptual variability in the face of constant input and bridges a gap between spontaneous brain activity and top-down mechanisms, whereby the latter can capitalize on the former to implement goal-directed control over perceptual processing.
Book Synopsis Magnetoencephalography by : Selma Supek
Download or read book Magnetoencephalography written by Selma Supek and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 999 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is an invaluable functional brain imaging technique that provides direct, real-time monitoring of neuronal activity necessary for gaining insight into dynamic cortical networks. Our intentions with this book are to cover the richness and transdisciplinary nature of the MEG field, make it more accessible to newcomers and experienced researchers and to stimulate growth in the MEG area. The book presents a comprehensive overview of MEG basics and the latest developments in methodological, empirical and clinical research, directed toward master and doctoral students, as well as researchers. There are three levels of contributions: 1) tutorials on instrumentation, measurements, modeling, and experimental design; 2) topical reviews providing extensive coverage of relevant research topics; and 3) short contributions on open, challenging issues, future developments and novel applications. The topics range from neuromagnetic measurements, signal processing and source localization techniques to dynamic functional networks underlying perception and cognition in both health and disease. Topical reviews cover, among others: development on SQUID-based and novel sensors, multi-modal integration (low field MRI and MEG; EEG and fMRI), Bayesian approaches to multi-modal integration, direct neuronal imaging, novel noise reduction methods, source-space functional analysis, decoding of brain states, dynamic brain connectivity, sensory-motor integration, MEG studies on perception and cognition, thalamocortical oscillations, fetal and neonatal MEG, pediatric MEG studies, cognitive development, clinical applications of MEG in epilepsy, pre-surgical mapping, stroke, schizophrenia, stuttering, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, autism, aging and neurodegeneration, MEG applications in cognitive neuropharmacology and an overview of the major open-source analysis tools.
