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Mechanisms Of Abnormal Cell Extracellular Matrix Interactions In Human Breast Cancer
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Book Synopsis Mechanism of Abnormal Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions in Human Breast Cancer by :
Download or read book Mechanism of Abnormal Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions in Human Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Message levels of premalignant (S2) and tumorigenic (T4-2) cells, two sublines of a human breast cancer series, were compared to identify molecules marking the final events in malignant transformation. A novel gene Az-i expressed at a>10-fold higher level in S2 than in T4-2 cells was isolated. While Az-i message was present in nonmalignant breast cell lines, primary luminal epithelial cells, and cells from reduction mammoplasty, it was drastically downregulated or absent in ten mammary carcinoma cell lines and four breast carcinomabiopsies. Ectopically-expressed Az- 1 in T4-2 cells reverted them to a normal-like phenotype in a three-dimensional basement membrane culture. interestingly, upregulation of Az-i message was also correlated with phenotypic normalization of breast tumor cells in a % 1 -integrin reversion system. Furthermore, Az-i stably- transfected T4-2 cells were 80% less invasive and clonogenic in matrigel invasion and colony-forming assays, respectively, than the vector transfectants. Second structure predictions indicated that C-terminus of Az-i is homologous to the rod domain of plakin family, the versatile organizers of cytoskeletal architecture. These data suggest that Az-i may participate in the cytoskeletal organization of breast epithelial cells and Az-i may provide a link to the understanding of the abnormal cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions in the breast tumor cells.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Abnormal Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions in Human Breast Cancer by :
Download or read book Mechanisms of Abnormal Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions in Human Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By a three-dimensional reconstituted basement membrane (EHS matrix) assay, we have previously shown that breast morphogenesis is regulated by cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions and these contacts are impaired in malignancy. A series of studies were conducted to investigate the significance of cell/ECM interactions in tumorigenesis. ECM influences expression of lactoferrin, a differentiation marker, either by altering cell-cell interactions or by providing mechanochemical signals that regulate cell shape. Emphasis on the importance of intact beta-1-integrin signaling was indicated by function blocking studies. Phenotypically normal HMT-3522 cells failed to grow or differentiate and underwent apoptosis in the presence of beta-1 integrin blocking antibodies. In contrast a number of tumorigenic cell lines demonstrated refractoriness to these effects indicating they have circumvented this regulatory pathway. Finally the importance of cell/ECM interactions in the maintenance of the differentiated phenotype was underscored by examining the effects of overexpression of the putative tumor suppressor gene nm23-H1 in metastatic cell line MDA-MB- 435, where several aspects of normal breast morphogenesis was recapitulated. Further studies are presently underway to dissect other ECM components and their signaling pathways that are critical in breast cancer progression.
Book Synopsis Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions in Cancer by : Roy Zent
Download or read book Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions in Cancer written by Roy Zent and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-23 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer was thought to originate from alterations in intercellular signaling that resulted in the transformation of cells, their uncontrolled proliferation and metastasis. There is now an increasing body of evidence demonstrating that the surrounding matrix and cell-matrix interactions are also major players in this process. Cells adhere and receive signals from various extracellular matrices via transmembrane receptors, the best known of which are the heterodimeric glycoproteins, integrins.
Book Synopsis Extracellular Matrix in Tumor Biology by : Rolf A. Brekken
Download or read book Extracellular Matrix in Tumor Biology written by Rolf A. Brekken and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-04 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an overview on the influence of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) on tumor progression. It covers topics such as signaling induced by structural ECM proteins including collagen and fibronectin, the control of ECM deposition and the turnover in tumors. Also discussed are the migration of cells through basement membranes and the function of proteoglycans including lumican and veriscan in tumor progression. Biomaterial-based in-vitro models as well as C. elegans models of the tumor microenvironment are used to show how these models can lead to a greater understanding of the disease mechanisms that promote cancer progression. The book addresses researchers working on cancer biology or ECM, and oncologists alike.
Book Synopsis Extracellular Matrix Degradation by : William C. Parks
Download or read book Extracellular Matrix Degradation written by William C. Parks and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-07 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulated turnover of extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of tissue homeostasis. In recent years, the enzymes that participate in, and control ECM turnover have been the focus of research that touches on development, tissue remodeling, inflammation and disease. This volume in the Biology of Extracellular Matrix series provides a review of the known classes of proteases that degrade ECM both outside and inside the cell. The specific EMC proteases that are discussed include cathepsins, bacterial collagenases, matrix metalloproteinases, meprins, serine proteases, and elastases. The volume also discusses the domains responsible for specific biochemical characteristics of the proteases and the physical interactions that occur when the protease interacts with substrate. The topics covered in this volume provide an important context for understanding the role that matrix-degrading proteases play in normal tissue remodeling and in diseases such as cancer and lung disease.
Book Synopsis Adhesion-Dependent Regulation of Cell Growth and Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer by :
Download or read book Adhesion-Dependent Regulation of Cell Growth and Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability of a tumor cell to grow outside its local environment (metastasize) is a major problem in the development and therapeutic treatment of breast cancer. The loss of the requirement for cell-matrix interactions plays a critical role in the development of cancer. Normal epithelial cells require attachment to the extracellular matrix (ECM) not only for proliferation but also for survival, as disruption of cell-ECM interactions can result in reversible cell growth arrest and induction of apoptosis, a phenomenon termed 'anoikis'. Elucidating the mechanisms by which the interactions of cells with the ECM generate and regulate downstream signals that promote cell growth and survival is critical to understanding cancer. Activation of actomyosin contractility is an essential step during adhesion-dependent signaling. We are studying the role of specific components of the actin cytoskeleton whose expression has been implicated in the transformed phenotype. These studies will provide important new information concerning the role of these actin filament-associated proteins in adhesion-dependent cell signaling and the potential of inhibiting signal transduction pathways dependent on actomyosin contractility as a therapeutic target and adjuvant for the treatment of breast cancer, as well as other cancers.
Book Synopsis Epithelial—Mesenchymal Interactions in Cancer by : Itzhak D. Goldberg
Download or read book Epithelial—Mesenchymal Interactions in Cancer written by Itzhak D. Goldberg and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contribution of epithelia-mesenchyme interaction to normal development (eg., tissue formation) and to neoplasia has become a subject of increasing interest to scientists because of recent progress in deciphering the molecular signals that mediate this interaction. Clearly, some of the same types of molecules (eg., growth factors and their receptors, proteolytic enzymes, cell adhesion molecules, and structural proteins of the extracellular matrix) mediate exchange of information between epithelia and mesenchyme during normal development and malignant growth. However, defects in the regulation of this exchange appear to contribute to malignancy by allowing growth promoting, invasogenic, and angiogenic factors to accumulate within the microenvironment of the tumor. For example, recent studies suggest that abnormal interactions between tumor epithelial cells and stromal mesenchymal cells contribute to the overproduction and accumulation of scatter factor (hepatocyte growth factor), an invasogenic and angiogenic cytokine, in certain types of tumor. The production and and activation of type IV collagenase, a matrix-degrading enzyme required for tumor cell invasion, appears to require intimate cooperation between tumor and stromal cells. The material contained in this volume highlights the state-of-the-art of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which epithelia and mesenchyme collaborate, and the abnormalities in these mechanisms that may lead to the development of cancer.
Book Synopsis Understanding the Metabolic Mechanisms Behind the Survival of Extracellular Matrix-detached Breast Cancer Cells by : Calli A. Versagli
Download or read book Understanding the Metabolic Mechanisms Behind the Survival of Extracellular Matrix-detached Breast Cancer Cells written by Calli A. Versagli and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Second Harmonic Generation Imaging by : Francesco S. Pavone
Download or read book Second Harmonic Generation Imaging written by Francesco S. Pavone and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has shown great promise for imaging live cells and tissues, with applications in basic science, medical research, and tissue engineering. Second Harmonic Generation Imaging offers a complete guide to this optical modality, from basic principles, instrumentation, methods, and image analysis to biomedical a
Book Synopsis Extracellular Matrix in Breast Cancer Invasion by :
Download or read book Extracellular Matrix in Breast Cancer Invasion written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of our project is to find novel treatments for breast cancer metastasis. We view metastasis as a breakdown of mechanisms that govern tissue organization. We postulated that metastasis is initiated by molecular cues that improperly stimulate cancer cell motility. Therefore, our approach is to block metastasis by understanding, and then interfering with, molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate cell motility. We found that, in the mammary gland, several of these mechanisms revolve around the interaction of matrix metalloproteases (MMP) with laminin-5 (Ln-5), an extracellular matrix protein of the breast gland basement membrane. One major finding in this past year was the identification of the Ln-5 site onto which cells adhere and migrate. We also defined the position, relative to this site, of the docking site for antibodies that block cell motility. A second important finding is the location of Ln-5 sites that are cleaved by MMPs, and the compositon of the Ln-5 fragments resulting from this proteolytic activity. This information is critical to design in vivo animal experiments in which we will test the ability of antibodies to Ln-5, or Ln-5 fragments, to block tumor cell motility and hopefully metastasis.
Book Synopsis Comparative Oncology by : Alecsandru Ioan Baba
Download or read book Comparative Oncology written by Alecsandru Ioan Baba and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Extracellular Matrix in Development by : Douglas W. DeSimone
Download or read book Extracellular Matrix in Development written by Douglas W. DeSimone and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cells in the developing embryo depend on signals from the extracellular environment to help guide their differentiation. An important mediator in this process is the extracellular matrix – secreted macromolecules that interact to form large protein networks outside the cell. During development, the extracellular matrix serves to separate adjacent cell groups, participates in establishing morphogenic gradients, and, through its ability to interact directly will cell-surface receptors, provides developmental clocks and positional information. This volume discusses how the extracellular matrix influences fundamental developmental processes and how model systems can be used to elucidate ECM function. The topics addressed range from how ECM influences early development as well as repair processes in the adult that recapitulate developmental pathways.
Book Synopsis Influence of Extracellular Matrix on Hormonal Responsiveness of Human Breast Cancer Cells by : Martin Bryan Levy
Download or read book Influence of Extracellular Matrix on Hormonal Responsiveness of Human Breast Cancer Cells written by Martin Bryan Levy and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Breast Cancer written by Marvin A Rich and published by . This book was released on 1988-08-31 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Influence of Extracellular Matrix on Hormonal Responsiveness of Human Breast Cancer Cells by : Martin Bryan Levy
Download or read book Influence of Extracellular Matrix on Hormonal Responsiveness of Human Breast Cancer Cells written by Martin Bryan Levy and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Extracellular Matrix Mechanics Regulate Cell Signaling and Migratory Potential in Cancer by : Jaya Srivastava
Download or read book Extracellular Matrix Mechanics Regulate Cell Signaling and Migratory Potential in Cancer written by Jaya Srivastava and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the presented research is to examine the relationship between the cellular microenvironment and biochemical response of metastatic cells. Clinically recognized as a trait of cancer progression, the cellular microenvironment can have variable and distinct mechanical properties that are processed via cellular mechanosensing, resulting in a cellular biochemical response. A range of studies investigating the interactions between the cellular micromechanical environment and the cell's molecular response during disease progression have been made, yet remain absent of quantitative characterization of many of these coordinated responses. The fundamental inquiry that drives the following research attempts to elucidate how a cell perceives the physical microenvironment and converts that signal to a biochemical response. With the goal of providing insight to such responses, the presented research seeks to elucidate the following questions: (1) What are the integrated effects of ECM stiffness, ECM architecture, and breast cancer cell metastatic potential on cell migration? (2) How does endogenous tissue transglutaminase (tTG) cross-linking of the ECM scaffold effect ECM mechanical properties? (3) How does the architecture and stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM) effect the systems-level cellular migration and signaling response? (4) What are the integrated effects of ECM architecture and the targeted knockdown of integrin [beta]1 and MT1-MMP on cellular metastatic potential? The presented research utilizes an interdisciplinary approach, integrating experimental mechanics, biochemical analysis, cellular biology techniques, covalent chemistry, and various microscopy techniques, to investigate these events. In short, cancerous cells are cultured atop or within synthetic collagen type I ECMs of varying mechanical stiffness and structure. These cells are subsequently analyzed by molecular analysis and immunoassays, including quantitative PCR, Western blotting, and gelatin zymography, to acquire measures of the cellular response to perturbations of micromechanical environment. Time-lapse microscopy experiments and subsequent image analyses enable observations of cellular migratory potential through synthetic ECMs. Results indicate that cooperative synergy between ECM properties, cell-matrix adhesion, and pericellular proteolysis drive cell migratory potential of highly invasive tumorigenic cell populations. Collectively, these findings contribute to the cancer biology and mechanobiology fields by systematically extending current insights of matrix mechanics, cellular signaling, and cellular migratory potential in cancer.
Book Synopsis Tissue Morphogenesis by : Celeste M. Nelson
Download or read book Tissue Morphogenesis written by Celeste M. Nelson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
