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Measuring Phonological Processing And Phonological Working Memory In Adults With Developmental Dyslexia
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Book Synopsis Measuring Phonological Processing and Phonological Working Memory in Adults with Developmental Dyslexia by : Timothy W. Conway
Download or read book Measuring Phonological Processing and Phonological Working Memory in Adults with Developmental Dyslexia written by Timothy W. Conway and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Showed greater left parietal lobe (BA 40, 7, 39) activity during pseudoword segmenting. Experiment two's tasks (identifying two series of tones containing the same number of tones or identifying pairs of pseudowords with an identical number of phonemes), indicated greater left superior temporal gyrus (BA 42, 22) activity both during the dyslexic's pure tone comparison and phoneme comparison tasks, and greater supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) activity during their pseudoword segmenting. Both groups reported a primary strategy of auditory rehearsal and segmentation for both experiments' tasks. Overall, the AAMSP's predictions were not supported. However, the dyslexic's over-activity in primary auditory cortex for acoustic and phonological stimuli may indicate a principal deficit or inefficiency in primary auditory cortex. Inefficient processing in primary auditory cortex, regardless of the stimuli's temporal characteristics, may contribute to impaired analytic phonological awareness and phonological working memory abilities in DPD. The limitations of this study and the implications of these findings for empirically based treatments are discussed.
Book Synopsis Working Memory and Language by : Susan E. Gathercole
Download or read book Working Memory and Language written by Susan E. Gathercole and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evaluates the involvement of working memory in five central aspects of language processing: vocabulary acquisition, speech production, reading development, skilled reading, and comprehension. The authors draw upon experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence in a wide-ranging evaluation of the contribution of two components of working memory to each aspect of language. The two components are the phonological loop, which is specialised for the processing and maintenance of verbal material, and the general-purpose processing system of the central executive. A full introduction to the application of the working memory model to normal adults, neuropsychological patients and children is provided in the two opening chapters. Non-experts within this area will find these chapters particularly useful in providing a clear statement of the current theoretical and empirical status of the working memory model. Each of the following chapters examines the involvement of working memory in one specialised aspect of language processing, in each case integrating the available experimental, neuropsychological and developmental evidence. The book will therefore be of direct relevance to researchers interested in both language processing and memory. Working Memory and Language is unique in that it draws together findings from normal adults, brain-damaged patients, and children. For each of these populations, working memory involvement in language processing ranging from the speech production to comprehension are evaluated. Working Memory and Language provides a comprehensive analysis of just what roles working memory does play in the processing of language.
Book Synopsis Developmental Dysgraphia by : Brenda Rapp
Download or read book Developmental Dysgraphia written by Brenda Rapp and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-12-13 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to communicate with written language is critical for success in school and in the workplace. Unfortunately, many children suffer from developmental dysgraphia—impairment in acquiring spelling or handwriting skills—and this form of impairment has received relatively little attention from researchers and educators. This volume brings together, for the first time, theoretically grounded and methodologically rigorous research on developmental dysgraphia, presented alongside reviews of the typical development of spelling and writing skills. Leading experts on writing and dysgraphia shed light on different types of impairments that can affect the learning of spelling and writing skills, and provide insights into the typical development of these skills. The volume, which contributes both to the basic science of literacy and to the applied science of diagnosing and treating developmental dysgraphia, should interest researchers, educators, and clinicians. This book was originally published as a special issue of Cognitive Neuropsychology.
Book Synopsis Phonological Processes in Literacy by : Susan A. Brady
Download or read book Phonological Processes in Literacy written by Susan A. Brady and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This impressive volume contains the edited proceedings of a symposium held in honor of Isabelle Y. Liberman, whose teaching and writings laid the foundation for contemporary views of reading disability. Her work has influenced ways of thinking about the nature of the problem and ways of working with children and adults who experience unusual difficulty in learning to read. The symposium covered four themes that were central to Dr. Liberman's research on reading acquisition and disability: the development of phonological awareness, the relationship between phonological awareness and success in learning to read and write, the investigation of other phonological processes associated with reading and writing performance, and the implications of current research on these matters for reading instruction. The text includes a paper on each topic, followed by commentaries which introduce additional research findings and theoretical considerations -- all by leading researchers in the field.
Book Synopsis Basic Mechanisms in Cognition and Language with Special Reference to Phonological Problems in Dyslexia by : Curt von Euler
Download or read book Basic Mechanisms in Cognition and Language with Special Reference to Phonological Problems in Dyslexia written by Curt von Euler and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 1998 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hardbound. An international constellation of leading scientists in the fields of linguistics, language development, cognitive sciences, neuropsychology and psychology have contributed to this excellent work. Their contributions elucidate a variety of important aspects of crucial mechanisms in cognition and language processing. Important issues highlighted include the early development of these mechanisms as well as the effects of weaknesses in these mechanisms in terms of language learning deficits in developmental dyslexia.Based on lectures given at a multidisciplinary conference, the volume is written in a universal style to accommodate scientists outwith their own fields.The book will be invaluable to a broad spectrum of professionals dealing directly or indirectly with the remediation of individuals afflicted with learning difficulties.
Book Synopsis Auditory Temporal Processing and Working Memory by : Leah Fostick
Download or read book Auditory Temporal Processing and Working Memory written by Leah Fostick and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dyslexia is a neuro-cognitive disorder with a strong genetic basis, characterized by a difficulty in acquiring reading skills. Several hypotheses have been suggested in an attempt to explain the origin of dyslexia, among which some have suggested that dyslexic readers might have a deficit in auditory temporal processing, while others hypothesized that dyslexia origins from a deficit in working memory. The current study was designed to test whether working memory and/or auditory temporal processing can predict reading ability in normal and dyslexic readers. Fifty-three adults were diagnosed with phonological dyslexia and 46 normal reading adults were tested on reading regular words, auditory temporal order judgment, and backward digit span. The results are that: For dyslexic readers, both auditory temporal processing and working memory are correlated with reading, even after controlling for their covariance. However, no correlation between reading measures, temporal processing and working memory are found for normal readers. The conclusions are that: (1) Both auditory temporal processing and working memory are significantly involved in reading among dyslexic readers; and (2) Dyslexic readers might use more different reading strategies than normal readers do, who apparently are not involved in auditory temporal processing and working memory while reading. (Contains 3 tables and 2 figures.).
Book Synopsis Working Memory and Neurodevelopmental Disorders by : Tracy Packiam Alloway
Download or read book Working Memory and Neurodevelopmental Disorders written by Tracy Packiam Alloway and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Short-term or working memory - the capacity to hold and manipulate information mentally over brief periods of time - plays an important role in supporting a wide range of everyday activities, particularly in childhood. Children with weak working memory skills often struggle in key areas of learning and, given its impact on cognitive abilities, the identification of working memory impairments is a priority for those who work with children with learning disabilities. Working Memory and Neurodevelopmental Disorders supports clinical assessment and management of working memory deficits by summarising the current theoretical understanding and methods of assessment of working memory. It outlines the working memory profiles of individuals with a range of neurodevelopmental disorders (including Down's syndrome, Williams syndrome, Specific Language Impairment, and ADHD), and identifies useful means of alleviating the anticipated learning difficulties of children with deficits of working memory. This comprehensive and informative text will appeal to academics and researchers in cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and developmental psychology, and will be useful reading for students in these areas. Educational psychologists will also find this a useful text, as it covers the role of working memory in learning difficulties specific to the classroom.
Download or read book Surface Dyslexia written by K. Patterson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-03 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A child with developmental dyslexia or an adult with a reading disorder following brain damage might read the word shoe as ‘show’, why does this happen? Most current information processing models of reading distinguish between two alternative procedures for the pronunciation of a printed word. The difference between these concerns the level at which orthography is translated to phonology in one, the word-level procedure, a word is read aloud with reference to knowledge specific to that whole word. In the other, the sub-word-level procedure, a printed word is pronounced with reference to knowledge about smaller segments which occur in many different words. Both procedures contribute to normal skilled reading and its acquisition. But if one of the procedures is disrupted, then oral reading will be forced to rely on the alternative routine. Surface dyslexia is a general label for any disorder of reading which results from inadequate functioning of the word-level procedure and in consequence abnormal reliance on sub-word level translation from orthography to phonology. Originally published in 1985, this book provides new evidence about the diverse manifestations of surface dyslexia in adult neurological patients and in children with developmental disorders of reading. The data are drawn from speakers of a range of languages with distinct orthographies. Process models for the pronunciation of print are elaborated, and an appendix gives neurological information on the patients reported.
Book Synopsis Understanding Developmental Dyslexia: Linking Perceptual and Cognitive Deficits to Reading Processes by : Pierluigi Zoccolotti
Download or read book Understanding Developmental Dyslexia: Linking Perceptual and Cognitive Deficits to Reading Processes written by Pierluigi Zoccolotti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-06-24 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the mechanisms responsible for developmental dyslexia (DD) is a key challenge for researchers. A large literature, mostly concerned with learning to read in opaque orthographies, emphasizes phono-logical interpretations of the disturbance. Other approaches focused on the visual-per-ceptual aspects of orthographic coding. Recently, this perspective was supported by imaging data showing that individuals with DD have hypo-activation in occipito-temporal areas (a finding common to both transpar-ent and opaque orthographies). Nevertheless, it is difficult to infer causal relationships from activation data. Accommodating these findings within the cognitive architecture of reading processes is still an open issue. This is a general problem, which is present in much of the literature. For example, several studies investigating the perceptual and cognitive abilities that distinguish groups of children with and without DD failed to provide explicit links with the reading process. Thus, several areas of investigation (e.g., acoustic deficits or magnocellular deficiencies) have been plagued by replication failures. Furthermore, much research has neglected the possible contribution of comorbid symptoms. By contrast, it is now well established that developmental disorders present a large spectrum of homotopic and heterotopic co-morbidities that make causal interpretations problematic. This has led to the idea that the etiology of learning difficulties is multifactorial, thus challenging the traditional models of DD. Recent genetic studies provide information on the multiple risk factors that contribute to the genesis of the disturbance. Another critical issue in DD is that much of the research has been conducted in English-speaking individuals. However, English is a highly irregular orthography and doubts have been raised on the appropriateness of automatically extending interpretations based on English to other more regular orthographies. By contrast, important information can be gotten from systematic comparisons across languages. Thus, the distinction between regular and irregular orthographies is another potentially fruitful area of investigation. Overall, in spite of much research current interpretations seem unable to integrate all available findings. Some proposals focus on the cognitive description of the reading profile and explicitly ignore the distal causes of the disturbance. Others propose visual, acoustic or phonological mech-anisms but fail to link them to the pattern of reading impairment present in different children. The present Research Topic brings together studies based on different methodological approaches (i.e., behavioural studies examining cognitive and psycholinguistic factors, eye movement inves-tigations, biological markers, neuroimaging and genetic studies), involving dyslexic groups with and without comorbid symptoms, and in different orthographies (transparent and opaque) to identify the mechanisms underlying DD. The RT does not focus on a single model or theory of dyslexia but rather brings together different approaches and ideas which we feel are fruitful for a deeper understanding developmental dyslexia.
Book Synopsis Goldman Fristoe 2 by : Ronald Goldman
Download or read book Goldman Fristoe 2 written by Ronald Goldman and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issued for use as a kit, consisting of 4 components, tracks articulation skills from preschool through primary and secondary school years and into young adulthood.
Book Synopsis Phonological Dyslexia by : Max Coltheart
Download or read book Phonological Dyslexia written by Max Coltheart and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue describes numerous cases of phonological dyslexia, including a developmental case which has been studied in depth, and two cases of the disorder in Japanese readers. The implications of data from acquired phonological dyslexia for computational models of reading are discussed.
Book Synopsis Dyslexia and Literacy by : Gavin Reid
Download or read book Dyslexia and Literacy written by Gavin Reid and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-10-11 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dyslexia and Literacy provides a comprehensive, practical introduction for all professionals seeking an understanding of dyslexia in children. Divided into four parts, the book firstly introduces the various theoretical perspectives and follows this up with identification and assessment techniques with an emphasis on practical, classroom related issues. The third part of the text covers topics related to the school curriculum and a final section covers issues that relate to the learning process.
Book Synopsis Converging Methods for Understanding Reading and Dyslexia by : Raymond M. Klein
Download or read book Converging Methods for Understanding Reading and Dyslexia written by Raymond M. Klein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an interdisciplinary look at the acquisition, loss, and remediation of normal reading processes.
Book Synopsis Brain, Behavior, and Learning in Language and Reading Disorders by : Maria Mody
Download or read book Brain, Behavior, and Learning in Language and Reading Disorders written by Maria Mody and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2008-07-30 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grounded in cutting-edge research on brain–behavior relationships, this book explores how language and reading disorders develop--and presents exciting new approaches to examining and treating them. Experts from multiple disciplines investigate how children's learning trajectories in spoken and written language are shaped by the dynamic interplay of neurobiological, experiential, and behavioral processes. The volume includes innovative neuroimaging applications and other state-of-the-science techniques that help shed new light on childhood disorders such as dyslexia, language impairment, writing disabilities, and autism. Implications for evidence-based diagnosis, intervention, and instruction are discussed. Illustrations include five color plates.
Book Synopsis Foundations of Reading Acquisition and Dyslexia by : Benita A. Blachman
Download or read book Foundations of Reading Acquisition and Dyslexia written by Benita A. Blachman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters in this volume are based on presentations made at a recent conference on cognitive and linguistic foundations of reading acquisition. The researchers who participated have all made contributions to the theoretical and empirical understanding of how children learn to read. They were asked to address not only what they have learned from their research, but also to discuss unsolved problems. This dialogue prompted numerous questions of both a theoretical and applied nature, generated heated debate, and fueled optimism about the important gains that have been made in the scientific understanding of the reading process, especially of the critical role played by phonological abilities.
Book Synopsis Phonological Awareness in Reading by : Diane J. Sawyer
Download or read book Phonological Awareness in Reading written by Diane J. Sawyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volumume prominent scholars from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds are brought together to review the empirical studies on the ability to reflect upon and manipulate the phonemic segments of speech, and to present their insights on the relationship of phonological aware- ness to the reading process.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, second edition by : Charles A. Nelson
Download or read book Handbook of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, second edition written by Charles A. Nelson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2008-07-11 with total page 985 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of an essential resource to the evolving field of developmental cognitive neuroscience, completely revised, with expanded emphasis on social neuroscience, clinical disorders, and imaging genomics. The publication of the second edition of this handbook testifies to the rapid evolution of developmental cognitive neuroscience as a distinct field. Brain imaging and recording technologies, along with well-defined behavioral tasks—the essential methodological tools of cognitive neuroscience—are now being used to study development. Technological advances have yielded methods that can be safely used to study structure-function relations and their development in children's brains. These new techniques combined with more refined cognitive models account for the progress and heightened activity in developmental cognitive neuroscience research. The Handbook covers basic aspects of neural development, sensory and sensorimotor systems, language, cognition, emotion, and the implications of lifelong neural plasticity for brain and behavioral development. The second edition reflects the dramatic expansion of the field in the seven years since the publication of the first edition. This new Handbook has grown from forty-one chapters to fifty-four, all original to this edition. It places greater emphasis on affective and social neuroscience—an offshoot of cognitive neuroscience that is now influencing the developmental literature. The second edition also places a greater emphasis on clinical disorders, primarily because such research is inherently translational in nature. Finally, the book's new discussions of recent breakthroughs in imaging genomics include one entire chapter devoted to the subject. The intersection of brain, behavior, and genetics represents an exciting new area of inquiry, and the second edition of this essential reference work will be a valuable resource for researchers interested in the development of brain-behavior relations in the context of both typical and atypical development.
