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Author : Joyce Brown (M.A.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Mathematical Instrument-makers in the Grocers' Company, 1688-1800 written by Joyce Brown (M.A.) and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lesley B. Cormack
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319494309
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)
Download or read book Mathematical Practitioners and the Transformation of Natural Knowledge in Early Modern Europe written by Lesley B. Cormack and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-15 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that we can only understand transformations of nature studies in the Scientific Revolution if we take seriously the interaction between practitioners (those who know by doing) and scholars (those who know by thinking). These are not in opposition, however. Theory and practice are end points on a continuum, with some participants interested only in the practical, others only in the theoretical, and most in the murky intellectual and material world in between. It is this borderland where influence, appropriation, and collaboration have the potential to lead to new methods, new subjects of enquiry, and new social structures of natural philosophy and science. The case for connection between theory and practice can be most persuasively drawn in the area of mathematics, which is the focus of this book. Practical mathematics was a growing field in early modern Europe and these essays are organised into three parts which contribute to the debate about the role of mathematical practice in the Scientific Revolution. First, they demonstrate the variability of the identity of practical mathematicians, and of the practices involved in their activities in early modern Europe. Second, readers are invited to consider what practical mathematics looked like and that although practical mathematical knowledge was transmitted and circulated in a wide variety of ways, participants were able to recognize them all as practical mathematics. Third, the authors show how differences and nuances in practical mathematics typically depended on the different contexts in which it was practiced: social, cultural, political, and economic particularities matter. Historians of science, especially those interested in the Scientific Revolution period and the history of mathematics will find this book and its ground-breaking approach of particular interest.
Author : John Lyles
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1931626472
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (316 download)
Download or read book Illustrated Catalogue of Drawing Instruments written by John Lyles and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-12-20 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally developed in 1993 for an auction of an Architect's private collection of over 1,500 drawing instruments and calculators; this extensive book is one of a few comprehensive references available for comparative study of these instruments. The original collection was assembled over a twelve year period from sources in the US and Europe. Each instrument is listed in a scientific format for comparative evaluation and identification. An abbreviations table supports this approach. Profusely illustrated with 113 color photos and 61 highly organized text pages. The Subject Index has over 400 individual references dissecting this impressive collective of instruments from the 18th C. thru the mid 20th century. Instruments are categorized by Maker, Country, Period of Manufacture and function. Different instrument makers and suppliers are referenced to over 300 individual items. The four page Table of Contents provides a logical and extremely useful subjective summary of the catalog contents so that whatever the instrument or drawing tool, its location can be easily found. The photographs were taken with the idea of showing these important instruments in a comparative array. Researchers and collectors will find this a valuable resource. These instruments represent a most prolific period of time in our history of invention and advancements in technology. Computers are the new tools which demand a new pace of design and documentation.... They leave behind the centuries of drawing instruments that were the connection from the hand to the paper.
Author : Gerard L'Estrange Turner
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520217287
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (172 download)
Download or read book Scientific Instruments, 1500-1900 written by Gerard L'Estrange Turner and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impulse to collect is universal. Collections containing natural curiosities date from the 16th century, and it was this type of collection in which scientific instruments found a home. This book traces the historical origins and development of instruments as they spread across the globe, explaining their manufacture, use, and adaptations. 91 color and 20 b&w plates.
Author : Anita McConnell
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351925369
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)
Download or read book Jesse Ramsden (1735–1800) written by Anita McConnell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jesse Ramsden was one of the most prominent manufacturers of scientific instruments in the latter half of the eighteenth century. To own a Ramsden instrument, be it one of his great theodolites or one of the many sextants and barometers produced at his London workshop, was to own not only an instrument of incredible accuracy and great practical use, but also a thing of beauty. In this, the first biography of Jesse Ramsden, Dr Anita McConnell reconstructs his life and career and presents us with a detailed account of the instrument trade in this period. By studying the life of one prominent instrument maker, the entire practice of the trade is illuminated, from the initial commission, the intricate planning and design, through the practicalities of production, delivery and, crucially, payment for the work. The book will naturally be of immeasurable interest to historians of science and scientific instruments but, as it also sheds light on the increasing commercialisation of the scientific trade on the cusp of the Industrial Revolution, should also interest social and economic historians of the eighteenth century.
Author : David C. Lindberg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521572439
Total Pages : 956 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (724 download)
Download or read book The Cambridge History of Science: Volume 4, Eighteenth-Century Science written by David C. Lindberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-03-17 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fullest and most complete survey of the development of science in the eighteenth century.
Author : Brian Gee
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317133293
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)
Download or read book Francis Watkins and the Dollond Telescope Patent Controversy written by Brian Gee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Francis Watkins was an eminent figure in his field of mathematical and optical instrument making in mid-eighteenth century London. Working from original documents, Brian Gee has uncovered the life and times of an optical instrument maker, who - at first glance - was not among the most prominent in his field. In fact, because Francis Watkins came from a landed background, the diversification of his assets enabled him to weather particular business storms - discussed in this book - where colleagues without such an economic cushion, were pushed into bankruptcy or forced to emigrate. He played an important role in one of the most significant legal cases to touch this profession, namely the patenting of the achromatic lens in telescopes. The book explains Watkins's origins, and how and why he was drawn into partnership with the famous Dollond firm, who at that point were Huguenot incomers. The patent for the achromatic telescope has never been satisfactorily explained in the literature, and the author has gone back to the original legal documents, never before consulted. He teases out the problems, lays out the evidence, and comes to some interesting new conclusions, showing the Dollonds as hard-headed and ruthless businessmen, ultimately extremely successful. The latter part of the book accounts for the successors of Francis Watkins, and their decline after over a century of successful business in central London.
Author : Gloria Clifton
Publisher : Philip Wilson Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Directory of British Scientific Instrument Makers, 1550-1851 written by Gloria Clifton and published by Philip Wilson Publishers. This book was released on 1995 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication lists over 5,000 scientific instrument makers and retailers working in the British Isles, together with a further 10,000 names of apprentices and associates. The directory transforms our understanding of the history of the scientific instrument-making trades in Britain. Each entry includes estimated working dates, specific trades, addresses, training, apprentices, types of instruments made and brief biographical details. As such this volume not only provides essential information for collectors, dealers, museum curators and scholars, but it will also have much to offer economic, social and family historians, with its evidence about master-apprentice links, trade connections and family relationships.
Author : Pamela Smith
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135300356
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (353 download)
Download or read book Merchants and Marvels written by Pamela Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The beginning of global commerce in the early modern period had an enormous impact on European culture, changing the very way people perceived the world around them. Merchants and Marvels assembles essays by leading scholars of cultural history, art history, and the history of science and technology to show how ideas about the representation of nature, in both art and science, underwent a profound transformation between the age of the Renaissance and the early 1700s.
Author : Arne Hessenbruch
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134263015
Total Pages : 986 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (342 download)
Download or read book Reader's Guide to the History of Science written by Arne Hessenbruch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Reader's Guide to the History of Science looks at the literature of science in some 550 entries on individuals (Einstein), institutions and disciplines (Mathematics), general themes (Romantic Science) and central concepts (Paradigm and Fact). The history of science is construed widely to include the history of medicine and technology as is reflected in the range of disciplines from which the international team of 200 contributors are drawn.
Author : David O. Whitten
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313368198
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (133 download)
Download or read book Manufacturing written by David O. Whitten and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 1990-09-27 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overall, this first volume in the series should render business research in manufacturing a good deal easier by bringing together insightful industry histories and detailed critical bibliographies. This series has much to recommend it. Future volumes will be eagerly awaited. Reference Books Bulletin This historical and bibliographical reference work is the first volume of Greenwood Press's Handbook of American Business History, a series intended to supplement current bibliographic materials pertaining to business history. Devoted to manufacturing, this work uses the Enterprise Standard Industrial Classification (ESIC) to divide the subject into distinct segments, from which contributors have developed histories and bibliographies of the different types of manufacturing. Though authors were given sets of guidelines to follow, they were also allowed the flexibility to work in a format that best suited the material. Each contribution in this volume contains three important elements: a concise history of the manufacturing sector, a bibliographic essay, and a bibliography. Some contributions appear in three distinct parts, while others are combined into one or two segments; all build on currently available material for students and scholars doing research on business and industry. The contributors, who include business, economic, and social historians, as well as engineers and lawyers, have covered such topics as bakery products, industrial chemicals and synthetics, engines and turbines, and household appliances. Also included are an introductory essay that covers general works and a comprehensive index. This book should be a useful tool for courses in business and industry, and a valuable resource for college, university, and public libraries.
Author : Arthur F. Kinney
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199566100
Total Pages : 846 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Shakespeare written by Arthur F. Kinney and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains forty original essays.
Author : John Fauvel
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 019150419X
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)
Download or read book Oxford Figures written by John Fauvel and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of the intellectual and social life of a community, and of its interactions with the wider world. For eight centuries mathematics has been researched and studied at Oxford, and the subject and its teaching have undergone profound changes during that time. This highly readable and beautifully illustrated book reveals the richness and influence of Oxford's mathematical tradition and the fascinating characters that helped to shape it. The story begins with the founding of the University of Oxford and the establishing of the medieval curriculum, in which mathematics had an important role. The Black Death, the advent of printing, the Civil War, and the Newtonian revolution all had a great influence on the development of mathematics at Oxford. So too did many well-known figures: Roger Bacon, Henry Savile, Robert Hooke, Christopher Wren, Edmond Halley, Florence Nightingale, Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carroll), and G. H. Hardy, to name but a few. Later chapters bring us to the 20th century, with some entertaining reminiscences by Sir Michael Atiyah of the thirty years he spent as an Oxford mathematician. In this second edition the story is brought right up to the opening of the new Mathematical Institute in 2013 with a foreword from Marcus du Sautoy and recent developments from Peter M. Neumann.
Author : Jeffrey R. Wigelsworth
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317057333
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Selling Science in the Age of Newton written by Jeffrey R. Wigelsworth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selling Science in the Age of Newton explores an often ignored avenue in the popularization of science. It is an investigation of how advertisements in London newspapers (from approximately 1687 to 1727) enticed consumers to purchase products relating to science: books, lecture series, and instruments. London's readers were among the first in Europe to be exposed to regular newspapers and the advertisements contained in them. This occurred just as science began to captivate the nation's imagination due, in part, to Isaac Newton's rising popularity following the publication of his Principia (1687). This unique moment allows us to see how advertising helped shape the initial public reception of science. This book fills a substantial gap in our understanding of science and the culture in which it developed by examining the medium of advertising and its function in the discourse of both early-modern science and commerce. It answers questions such as: what happens to science once it is a commodity; how are consumers tempted to purchase science amidst a sea of other commodities; how is the reading public encouraged to give social acceptance to facts of nature; and how did marketing campaigns craft newspapers readers into a source of validation for the items of science advertised? In an age where the production of scientific knowledge increasingly relied upon sales to many rather than the endorsement of a single wealthy patron, marketing was the key to success.
Author : Heather Creaton
Publisher : Facet Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 856 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Bibliography of Printed Works on London History to 1939 written by Heather Creaton and published by Facet Publishing. This book was released on 1994 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of London is so important in national and indeed international terms, it seems extraordinary that this is the first general bibliography of the subject to appear. It contains over 22,000 selected references to books and articles on the history of London, from the Dark Ages to the beginning of the Second World War. The whole of the former GLC area plus the City is covered. Arrangement is by subject, and there is a substantial analytical index. Material for the bibliography was collected from specialist libraries all over London and beyond. It is a starting point for any enquiry about London's development over the centuries, whether from the academic historian, the amateur or the general enquirer. A supplement is planned, to cover new material on the period.
Author : Lawrence Busch
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 026229785X
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)
Download or read book Standards written by Lawrence Busch and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011-09-16 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation into standards, the invisible infrastructures of our technical, moral, social, and physical worlds. Standards are the means by which we construct realities. There are established standards for professional accreditation, the environment, consumer products, animal welfare, the acceptable stress for highway bridges, healthcare, education—for almost everything. We are surrounded by a vast array of standards, many of which we take for granted but each of which has been and continues to be the subject of intense negotiation. In this book, Lawrence Busch investigates standards as “recipes for reality.” Standards, he argues, shape not only the physical world around us but also our social lives and even our selves. Busch shows how standards are intimately connected to power—that they often serve to empower some and disempower others. He outlines the history of formal standards and describes how modern science came to be associated with the moral-technical project of standardization of both people and things. Busch suggests guidelines for developing fair, equitable, and effective standards. Taking a uniquely integrated and comprehensive view of the subject, Busch shows how standards for people and things are inextricably linked, how standards are always layered (even if often addressed serially), and how standards are simultaneously technical, social, moral, legal, and ontological devices.
Author : Jim Bingen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402039840
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Agricultural Standards written by Jim Bingen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-08 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food and agricultural standards have recently risen to the top of both national and international agendas. Popular concerns about the power of the World Trade Organization focus on the intertwined relationships between environmental protection, labor and human rights, and the standards used to produce and supply our food and fiber globally. In the developing world, agricultural grades and standards are an important part of the reconfiguration of roles and responsibilities between various public and private actors in market reform. This original and informative collection of studies of agri-food standards in the modern economy addresses these and helps to define the scope of the emerging study of the politics of standards setting. Following an overview essay dealing with the multiple ways of thinking about, approaching and defining food and agricultural standards, eleven case studies offer a rich body of evidence that assesses the processes, dynamics and potential consequences of global agri-food standards. For all interested in the strategic use of food and agricultural standards – from those in national and international governmental agencies, researchers and others in the academic and private sector to those in the private business sector – this volume offers a broader perspective on and will serve as an important resource.
